Protection circuit, clock power supply and server

Abstract

The invention provides a protection circuit, a clock power supply and a server, and belongs to the technical field of servers, and the protection circuit comprises a switching circuit which comprises a first interface, a second interface and a control end; wherein the first interface is configured to be connected with a power supply, the second interface is configured to be connected with a load, and a power supply loop is formed between the first interface and the second interface; the detection circuit is connected with the control end; the detection circuit is configured to enable the level of the control end to be a first level when the second interface is connected with the load and enable the level of the control end to be a second level when the second interface is not connected with the load; wherein the first level is not equal to the second level; and the switching circuit is configured to conduct the power supply loop under the condition that the control end is at the first level and cut off the power supply loop under the condition that the control end is at the second level. According to the protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention, electric energy waste of the power supply can be prevented when the load is not connected with the second interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of servers, and particularly relates to a protection circuit, a clock power supply, and a server. Background Art

[0002] At present, the RTC power supply of the RTC (Real-Time Clock) module provided to the CPU (Central Processing Unit) is defaultly provided all the time. As long as the battery is in place, it will be provided all the time, regardless of whether the CPU is in place or not. However, this will waste the battery power and reduce the normal service life of the battery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a protection circuit, a clock power supply, and a server to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0004] In the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a protection circuit is provided, including: A switch circuit, including a first interface, a second interface, and a control end; wherein, the first interface is configured to be connected to a power supply, the second interface is configured to be connected to a load, and a power supply loop is formed between the first interface and the second interface; A detection circuit, connected to the control end; The detection circuit is configured to control the level of the control end to be a first level when the load is connected to the second interface, and to control the level of the control end to be a second level when the load is not connected to the second interface; wherein, the first level is not equal to the second level; The switch circuit is configured to conduct the power supply loop when the control end is at the first level, and to cut off the power supply loop when the control end is at the second level.

[0005] Further, the detection circuit includes a detection unit and a grounding unit; wherein, the input end of the detection unit is connected to the second interface, the output end of the detection unit is connected to the input end of the grounding unit, and a grounding loop is formed between the grounding unit and the control end; The detection unit is configured to control the grounding loop to be disconnected when the load is connected to the second interface, and to control the grounding loop to be conducted when the load is not connected to the second interface; The grounding unit is configured to input the first level to the control end when the grounding loop is disconnected, and to input the second level to the control end when the grounding loop is conducted.

[0006] Further, the detection unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor; wherein, A first end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply, and a second end thereof is respectively connected to an input end of the grounding unit and a first end of the second resistor. A second end of the second resistor is respectively connected to a first end of the third resistor and the second interface, and a second end of the third resistor is grounded.

[0007] Further, the grounding unit includes a transistor switch; wherein, a first end of the transistor switch is connected to an output end of the detection unit, a second end thereof is grounded, and a third end thereof is connected to the control end; The transistor switch is configured to conduct the first end and the second end when the grounding loop is disconnected, and conduct the first end and the third end when the grounding loop is conducting.

[0008] Further, the switch circuit includes: a first voltage stabilizing capacitor, a second voltage stabilizing capacitor, and a voltage stabilizing unit; Wherein, a first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor is respectively connected to the power supply and an input end of the voltage stabilizing unit, and a second end thereof is grounded; A first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is respectively connected to the load and an output end of the voltage stabilizing unit, a second end thereof is grounded, and an enable end of the voltage stabilizing unit is respectively connected to the detection circuit and the power supply; The voltage stabilizing unit is configured to conduct the power supply loop when a level of the enable end is the first level, and cut off the power supply loop when the level of the enable end is the second level.

[0009] In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a clock power supply is provided, including a power supply, and a protection circuit as described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application connected to the power supply.

[0010] Further, the power supply includes a first power supply, a second power supply, a first diode, and a second diode; Wherein, the first power supply and the second power supply are connected in parallel to a first interface of the switch circuit in the protection circuit; The first diode is connected in series between the first power supply and the first interface, and the second diode is connected in series between the second power supply and the first interface.

[0011] Further, the power supply further includes a fourth resistor connected in series between the first voltage stabilizing capacitor and the control end; Wherein, the fourth resistor is configured to stabilize a voltage output from the first power supply and / or the second power supply to the control end.

[0012] Further, it further includes: a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third voltage stabilizing capacitor, a current detection unit, and an alarm unit; wherein, The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second power supply, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode; The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode, and the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected to the first interface and the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor; The first end of the seventh resistor is respectively connected to the second interface and the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor, the second end of the seventh resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the current detection unit and the first end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor, the second end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the current detection unit is respectively connected to the second interface and the alarm unit; The current detection unit is configured to, when the load is connected to the second interface, detect the current output by the second interface in real time, and output an alarm instruction to the alarm unit when the current is lower than a preset current; The alarm unit is configured to generate an alarm message in response to the alarm instruction.

[0013] In the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a server is provided, and the server includes the clock power supply described in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0014] A protection circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application includes: a switch circuit including a first interface, a second interface, and a control terminal; wherein, the first interface is configured to be connected to a power supply, the second interface is configured to be connected to a load, and a power supply loop is formed between the first interface and the second interface; a detection circuit connected to the control terminal; the detection circuit is configured to, when the second interface is connected to the load, the level of the control terminal is a first level, and when the second interface is not connected to the load, the level of the control terminal is a second level; wherein, the first level is not equal to the second level; the switch circuit is configured to, when the control terminal is at the first level, conduct the power supply loop, and when the control terminal is at the second level, cut off the power supply loop.

[0015] Therefore, when the second interface of the switching circuit is connected to the load, the detection circuit in this embodiment can control the level of the control end of the switching circuit to the first level, so that the power supply loop between the power supply and the load is turned on to supply power to the load. When the second interface of the switching circuit is not connected to the load, the detection circuit can also control the level of the control end of the switching circuit to the second level, so that the power supply loop between the power supply and the load is cut off, not only preventing the waste of electrical energy of the power supply, but also avoiding releasing the electrical energy output by the power supply to the second interface of the switching circuit, thereby protecting the load from being damaged when contacting the energized second interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is another schematic block diagram of a protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection unit provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a clock power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application; REFERENCE SIGNS: E1 - First power supply, E2 - Second power supply, D1 - First diode, D2 - Second diode, C1 - First voltage stabilizing capacitor, C2 - Second voltage stabilizing capacitor, C3 - Third voltage stabilizing capacitor, R1 - First resistor, R2 - Second resistor, R3 - Third resistor, R4 - Fourth resistor, R5 - Fifth resistor, R6 - Sixth resistor, R7 - Seventh resistor, Q1 - Voltage stabilizing unit, Q2 - MOS transistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present application can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present application can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0020] Currently, the commonly used CPU packages are LGA (Land Grid Array), PGA (Pin Grid Array), and BGA (Ball Grid Array), three types. Among them, LGA and BGA packages are more commonly used. The CPU with LGA package can be easily installed on the motherboard through a dedicated SOCKET (IC Socket, chip test) socket, while the CPU with BGA package can only be soldered to the motherboard by soldering. The advantage of LGA package is that it is convenient to plug and unplug. The same motherboard can be compatible with multiple CPU models and specifications at the same time. Generally, the CPU will be made into LGA package.

[0021] As is well known, due to the internal integration of the RTC (Real-Time Clock Power Supply) module in the X86 architecture CPU and the need to save register information on the rack, a button battery on the motherboard is required to provide RTC power so that the time and register information can be saved when the power is off.

[0022] Since the RTC power supplied to the RTC module of the CPU is always provided by default, that is, as long as the button battery is in place, it will always be provided regardless of whether the CPU is in place or not. This will cause two problems. One is that it will waste battery power, because button batteries are non-rechargeable, and wasting more power will reduce the normal service life. On the other hand, some PIN pins of the SOCKET socket will be charged. In this way, when installing the CPU, it may cause some PINs of the CPU to be short-circuited with the charged PIN pins of the SOCKET, resulting in CPU damage.

[0023] Therefore, to solve the above problems, the present embodiment provides a protection circuit, a clock power supply, and a server. The detection circuit in the protection circuit detects the presence state of the CPU. When the CPU is not in place, the power supply circuit between the power supply and the CPU is cut off in time to reduce the consumption of the button battery power and avoid the CPU being short-circuited with the charged PIN pins, resulting in CPU damage.

[0024] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the modules of a protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. From Figure 1As can be seen, the protection circuit includes: a switching circuit and a detection circuit. The switching circuit includes a first interface, a second interface, and a control terminal; wherein, the first interface is configured to be connected to a power supply, the second interface is configured to be connected to a load, and a power supply loop is formed between the first interface and the second interface. The detection circuit is connected to the control terminal. The detection circuit is configured to control the level of the control terminal to be a first level when the second interface is connected to the load, and to control the level of the control terminal to be a second level when the second interface is not connected to the load; wherein, the first level and the second level are not equal. The switching circuit is configured to conduct the power supply loop when the control terminal is at the first level, and to cut off the power supply loop when the control terminal is at the second level.

[0025] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 1 , the first interface of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply, and the second interface is connected to the load, forming a power supply loop for the power supply to provide electrical energy to the load. The power supply can be a rechargeable battery, such as a lithium battery, or a non-rechargeable battery, such as a button battery, or a power supply device that can convert alternating current to direct current. The load can be a CPU in a server or other devices that require electrical energy provided by the power supply. The control terminal of the switching circuit is an interface for controlling whether the first interface and the second interface are conducted or turned off. Specifically, by inputting different level signals to the control terminal, the power supply loop can be conducted or cut off. Of course, by outputting different signal instructions to this interface, the power supply loop can also be conducted or cut off. This embodiment is limited as long as it is ensured that the control terminal can conduct or cut off the power supply loop.

[0026] The detection circuit is a circuit for detection and control. Specifically, it detects the connection state between the load and the second interface of the switching circuit, and controls the switching circuit according to the connection state. Since the control terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the detection circuit, the detection circuit controls the control terminal of the switching circuit, and thus the power supply loop can be conducted or cut off.

[0027] The detection circuit will detect the connection state between the second interface and the load in real time. When the connection state indicates that the second interface is connected to the load, it means that the load needs power supply at this time. Since the first level and the second level control the control terminal to perform different actions, the first level and the second level are not equal. Exemplarily, the first level can be a high level and the second level can be a low level; or, the first level can be a low level and the second level can be a high level.

[0028] Taking the example that the first level can be a high level and the second level can be a low level, the detection circuit can set the level of the control terminal to the first level. The first level can be a high-level signal. At this time, the control terminal is controlled by the high-level signal, connecting the first interface and the second interface, thereby conducting the power supply loop to enable the power supply to supply power to the load.

[0029] When the connection state indicates that the second interface is not connected to the load, it means that the load does not need power supply at this time. To avoid waste of electrical energy of the power supply, the detection circuit can set the level of the control terminal to the second level. The second level can be a low-level signal. At this time, the control terminal is controlled by the low-level signal, disconnecting the connection between the first interface and the second interface, thereby cutting off the power supply loop to stop the power supply from supplying power to the second interface, and avoiding damage to the load when it contacts the energized second interface because the second interface is energized.

[0030] In summary, through the detection circuit in this embodiment, the level of the control terminal of the switch circuit can be effectively controlled to achieve the power supply control of the load. When the second interface is connected to the load, the level of the control terminal of the switch circuit can be set to the first level to conduct the power supply loop and supply power to the load; when the second interface is not connected to the load, the level of the switch circuit is set to the second level to cut off the power supply loop, which can not only reduce the power consumption of the power supply but also protect the load from damage.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another protection circuit module provided by the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the detection circuit includes a detection unit and a grounding unit; wherein, the input end of the detection unit is connected to the second interface, the output end of the detection unit is connected to the input end of the grounding unit, and a grounding loop is formed between the grounding unit and the control terminal; the detection unit is configured to control the disconnection of the grounding loop when the second interface is connected to the load, and control the conduction of the grounding loop when the second interface is not connected to the load; the grounding unit is configured to input the first level to the control terminal when the grounding loop is disconnected, and input the second level to the control terminal when the grounding loop is conducting.

[0032] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 2, According to the connection relationships among the detection unit, the second interface, the grounding unit, the control terminal, and the load, it can be known that the detection circuit can determine the connection state between the second interface and the load. Specifically, it can be determined according to the level state of the second interface. Assume that the power supply loop is in a conducting state and the load is a CPU. When the load is not connected to the second interface, the second interface is in a live state at this time. Since the LGA CPU has a dedicated in-position detection PIN, namely GND, the signal of the second interface will be pulled up to a high level state at this time. When the load is connected to the second interface, GND will pull down the signal of the second interface to a low level state at this time. Therefore, the detection unit can identify the connection state between the load and the second interface.

[0033] Since the input end of the grounding unit is connected to the output end of the detection unit, and the grounding unit can be connected to the control terminal to form a grounding loop, the conduction of the grounding loop can be controlled by the detection unit. In the case of non-conduction, the grounding unit will not pull down the level of the control terminal, that is, it can also be understood as inputting a first level to the control terminal, so as to turn on the power supply loop by the control terminal or maintain the power supply loop in a conducting state. In the case of the grounding loop being conductive, the grounding unit can pull down the level of the control terminal, that is, input a second level to the control terminal, so as to cut off the power supply loop by the control terminal.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a detection unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from Figure 3 that the detection unit includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3; wherein, The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply, and the second end is respectively connected to the input end of the grounding unit and the first end of the second resistor R2. The second end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 and the second interface, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.

[0035] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 3 , according to the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 included in the detection unit, and the connection relationships with the power supply and the second interface, the connection state between the load and the second interface can be detected. Assume that the load is a CPU. When the CPU is in a connected state with the second interface, the voltage at the in-position PIN of the CPU at this time can be determined that the second interface is in a low level state, and the third resistor R3 will not participate in the voltage division of the voltage output by the power supply. At this time, the voltage U1 at the input end of the grounding unit = power supply * second resistor R2 / (first resistor R1 + second resistor R2).

[0036] When the CPU and the second interface are not in a connected state, at this time, the voltage at the in-position PIN of the CPU can be considered that the second interface is in a high-level state, and the third resistor R3 will participate in the voltage division of the power supply output, that is, the voltage U2 at the input end of the grounding unit = power supply * (the first resistor R1 + the third resistor R3) / (the first resistor R1 + the second resistor R2 + the third resistor R3). At this time, in order to distinguish the connection state between the second interface and the CPU, in addition, since the grounding unit inputs the first level to the control end when the grounding loop is disconnected and inputs the second level to the control end when the grounding loop is conducting, then U1 can control the grounding loop to be disconnected, and U2 controls the grounding loop to be conducting. Therefore, U1 and U2 are not equal. Regarding the magnitudes of U1 and U2, they can be specifically determined according to the specific device corresponding to the grounding unit, as long as it is ensured that when U1 is input to the input end of the grounding unit, the grounding unit controls the grounding loop to be disconnected, or outputs the first level to the control end, and when U2 is input to the input end of the grounding unit, the grounding unit controls the grounding loop to be conducting, or outputs the second level to the control end.

[0037] In addition, in this embodiment, U1 and U2 are from the power supply. In order to avoid excessive power consumption of the power supply, the resistance values corresponding to the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 can be determined to be in the megohm level.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the grounding unit includes a transistor switch; wherein, the first end of the transistor switch is connected to the output end of the detection unit, the second end of the transistor switch is grounded, and the third end of the transistor switch is connected to the control end; the transistor switch is configured to conduct the first end and the second end when the grounding loop is disconnected, and conduct the first end and the third end when the grounding loop is conducting.

[0039] In this embodiment, regarding the connection relationship between the transistor switch and the detection unit, the control end, and the grounding end, the transistor switch can be a MOS transistor Q2. The MOS transistor Q2 is a voltage-driven switch. As long as an appropriate voltage is applied to the MOS transistor Q2, the MOS transistor Q2 can be conducted. Specifically, the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 can be connected to the output end of the detection unit, the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the control end.

[0040] Combined with Figure 3 the detection unit, when the load is connected to the second interface, when the detection unit outputs U1 to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, when U1 is less than the conduction voltage of the MOS transistor Q2, at this time, the MOS transistor Q2 is not conducted, so that the grounding loop is not conducted, and the control end of the switching circuit can still receive the first level, maintaining the power supply loop in a conducting state, so that the power supply supplies power to the load through the second interface.

[0041] When the load is not connected to the second interface, when the detection unit outputs U2 to the gate of MOS transistor Q2, when U2 is greater than the turn-on voltage of MOS transistor Q2, MOS transistor Q2 is turned on at this time, so that the grounding loop is turned on, and the first level originally received by the control end of the switching circuit is pulled down to the second level, so that the power supply loop is in an open state, so that the power supply does not output electric energy to the second interface.

[0042] In addition, the transistor switch can also be a triode. The base of the triode is connected to the output end of the detection unit, the emitter of the triode is grounded, and the collector of the triode is connected to the control end.

[0043] When the load is connected to the second interface, the detection unit outputs a voltage (U1) to the base of the triode. Since the triode requires a sufficient base current to conduct, if U1 is not sufficient to provide this current, the triode will remain stationary. Therefore, the grounding loop is not turned on, and the control end can still receive the first level, maintaining the power supply loop in an on state, and the power supply supplies power to the load through the second interface.

[0044] When the load is not connected to the second interface, the detection unit outputs a voltage (U2) to the base of the triode, and the voltage (U2) can turn on the triode. Therefore, the triode still remains stationary, the grounding loop is not turned on, the level received by the control end remains unchanged, the power supply loop remains in an open state, and the power supply does not output electric energy to the second interface. In summary, U2 is greater than U1.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a clock power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 4 , the switching circuit includes: a first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1, a second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2, and a voltage stabilizing unit Q1; wherein, the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the power supply and the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1, and the second end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is grounded; the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the load and the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1, the second end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is grounded, and the enable end of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 is respectively connected to the detection circuit and the power supply; the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 is configured to turn on the power supply loop when the level at the enable end is the first level, and cut off the power supply loop when the level at the enable end is the second level.

[0046] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 4, according to the connection relationship among the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1, the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 and the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 in the switching circuit, the first voltage stabilizing unit Q1 can stabilize the voltage output by the power supply to the voltage stabilizing unit Q1, reducing the influence of power supply fluctuations on the voltage stabilizing unit Q1. The second voltage stabilizing unit Q1 can stabilize the voltage output from the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 to the load, reducing the influence of the voltage fluctuations output by the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 on the load. In addition, the second ends of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 are respectively grounded, which helps to isolate the noise of the power supply and improve the stability and anti-interference ability of the power supply circuit in the switching circuit.

[0047] The voltage stabilizing unit Q1 can be a low-dropout linear regulator, which can quickly respond to the changes of the load and the fluctuations of the power supply output voltage and output a stable voltage to the load. According to the corresponding connection relationship of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1, when the load needs power, that is, when the load is connected to the second interface, the grounding unit in the detection circuit outputs a first level to the enable end of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 at this time. At this time, the enable end can control the connection between the input end and the output end in the voltage stabilizing unit Q1, and then the power supply circuit can be turned on. When the load does not need power, that is, when the load is not connected to the second interface, the grounding unit in the detection circuit outputs a second level to the enable end of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 at this time. At this time, the enable end can control the disconnection between the input end and the output end in the voltage stabilizing unit Q1, and then the power supply circuit can be cut off. This embodiment also provides a clock power supply, including a power supply and a protection circuit as described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application connected to the power supply.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the protection circuit of this embodiment is included in the clock power supply, when the load is not connected, the protection circuit can switch the power supply circuit, reducing unnecessary power consumption, thereby saving electric energy. Secondly, it can also cut off the power supply when it is recognized that there is no load, which can prevent the line where the power supply is located from heating or being damaged due to long-term no-load, and at the same time protect the unconnected load from overvoltage damage.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , the power supply includes a first power supply E1, a second power supply E2, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2; wherein, the first power supply E1 and the second power supply E2 are connected in parallel to the first interface of the switching circuit in the protection circuit; the first diode D1 is connected in series between the first power supply E1 and the first interface, and the second diode D2 is connected in series between the second power supply E2 and the first interface.

[0050] In this embodiment, the power supply includes a first power supply E1 and a second power supply E2. The first power supply E1 and the second power supply E2 are connected in parallel to the first interface of the switching circuit in the protection circuit. The second power supply E2 can be used as a backup power supply for the first power supply E1. It can take over the power supply task when the first power supply E1 fails, ensuring the continuous operation of the circuit, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system. The first power supply E1 can be a rechargeable battery such as a lithium battery or a nickel-metal hydride battery, and the second power supply E2 can be a primary battery such as a dry battery or a button battery.

[0051] In addition, in order to avoid energy loss between the first power supply E1 and the second power supply E2, and reduce the heating of the first power supply E1 or the second power supply E2 caused by reverse current or voltage backflow such as the voltage output by the first power supply E1 flowing into the second power supply E2 and the voltage output by the second power supply E2 flowing into the first power supply E1, a first diode D1 is connected in series between the first power supply E1 and the first interface, and a second diode D2 is connected in series between the second power supply E2 and the first interface, preventing the reverse current flow between the first power supply E1 and the second power supply E2, protecting each power supply from the influence of the output voltage of the other party, and avoiding possible damage.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , the power supply further includes a fourth resistor R4 connected in series between the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and the control terminal; wherein, the fourth resistor R4 is configured to stabilize the voltage output by the first power supply E1 and / or the second power supply E2 to the control terminal.

[0053] In this embodiment, the fourth resistor R4 can help stabilize the voltage output by the first power supply E1 and / or the second power supply E2 to the control terminal, reduce voltage fluctuations, and ensure that the voltage received by the control terminal is more stable. Secondly, the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and the fourth resistor R4 can be used in combination to form an RC filter, extending the charge and discharge time of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and reducing power supply ripple. In addition, the fourth resistor R4 can also be used as a current limiting element to prevent the first power supply E1 or the second power supply E2 from directly impacting the control terminal with too large a current, protecting the circuit elements of the control terminal from damage.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 4, further comprising: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3, a current detection unit and an alarm unit; wherein, the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second power supply E2, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D2; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode D2, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected to the first interface and the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1; the first end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected to the second interface and the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2, and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected to the first end of the current detection unit and the first end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3, the second end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3 is grounded, and the second end of the current detection unit is respectively connected to the second interface and the alarm unit; the current detection unit is configured to, when a load is connected to the second interface, detect the current output by the second interface in real time, and output an alarm instruction to the alarm unit when the current is lower than a preset current; the alarm unit is configured to generate an alarm message in response to the alarm instruction.

[0055] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 4 , the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second power supply E2 and the positive electrode of the second diode D2, which can limit the current passing through the second diode D2 and prevent excessive current from damaging the second diode D2 and other circuit components at the back end of the second diode D2. The sixth resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode D2, the first interface and the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1, and can be used to adjust the voltage distribution to ensure that the first interface and the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 obtain appropriate voltages to maintain the voltage stability at the first interface. The seventh resistor R7 is connected to the second interface, the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2, the first end of the current detection unit and the first end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3, and can perform current monitoring and current limiting protection. In cooperation with the current detection unit, it is used to detect the current output by the second interface in real time.

[0056] The current detection unit is a detection circuit for detecting the current output by the second interface to the load. The current detection unit can be implemented by the resistance sampling method. Specifically, the seventh resistor R7 can be used as a sampling resistor. When current flows through the seventh resistor R7, a voltage drop is generated across the seventh resistor R7. The voltage drop can be detected by a circuit connected to the first end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3. When the current measured by the current detection unit from the first interface is lower than the preset current, where the preset current is the minimum current output by the second interface to the load when the second interface and the load are in a stable connection state, the current detection unit will output an alarm instruction to the alarm unit.

[0057] The alarm unit generates alarm information according to the alarm instruction. The alarm information can be acoustic and optical information. For example, the alarm information is sent by controlling a buzzer and an LED lamp. When the current detection unit outputs an alarm instruction, the alarm unit responds and generates acoustic and optical alarm information to prompt the user or system administrator to check the circuit status and determine whether the load is stably connected to the first interface.

[0058] Secondly, in addition to being implemented by the resistance sampling method, the current detection unit no longer relies on the traditional resistance sampling method, but adopts a voltage and current detection system with a single-chip microcomputer as the core. Through the resistance voltage division technology, if the voltage to be measured is relatively large, it can be first reduced to 0-5V to adapt to the input range of the single-chip microcomputer chip. Subsequently, the single-chip microcomputer chip converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal. The single-chip microcomputer receives these signals and processes them, and restores the voltage to the original value by multiplying the original voltage by the ratio adjusted during voltage reduction. When the detected voltage exceeds the preset safety threshold, the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal through controlling a specific pin to trigger the PNP triode, thereby activating the relay. The activation of the relay causes the connected light-emitting diode (LED) to light up and the horn to sound, forming an acoustic and optical alarm to remind the user or system administrator to check the circuit status. Compared with the resistance sampling method, it not only improves the flexibility and accuracy of current detection, but also enhances the response speed.

[0059] In addition, a voltage overload protection device can be connected in series between the load and the second interface. Specifically, components such as TVS diodes, transient suppression diodes, and metal oxide varistors (MOV) can be used. When the voltage output from the second interface to the load exceeds a specific threshold, it conducts and diverts the excess current to the ground wire, thereby protecting the load.

[0060] Secondly, a voltage protection circuit can also be provided at the front end of the voltage overload protection device, that is, between the voltage overload protection device and the second end of the seventh resistor R7. Specifically, a mechanical switch can be designed at the second interface. This mechanical switch can only be triggered when the load is fully inserted into the second interface. This mechanical switch can be a simple lever structure. When the load is inserted, the edge of the load will push the lever to close the switch. This mechanical switch can also cooperate with an electrical detection circuit. The electrical detection circuit confirms the connection status by detecting the change in resistance or voltage at the interface after the load is inserted. For example, when the load is correctly connected, the specific resistance value at the second interface will change, and this change can be detected by the electrical detection circuit.

[0061] Finally, combining the results detected by the mechanical switch and the electrical detection circuit, when both confirm that the load is correctly connected, an indicator (such as an LED light) is triggered to display green indicating a stable connection; if either detection fails, it shows red indicating an unstable or unconnected state. Additionally, a user interface, such as a display screen, can be set near the second interface so that the user can clearly see the connection status at a glance.

[0062] Exemplarily, the clock power supply provided in this embodiment will be elaborated in detail below in conjunction with Figure 4 , as follows: First, the grounding unit is the MOS transistor Q2, the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 is a low-dropout linear regulator. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second power supply E2, the second end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 and the first end of the second resistor R2. The second end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 and the second interface of the switching circuit, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded. Among them, the first resistor R1 is 20 MΩ, the second resistor R2 is 2 MΩ, the third resistor R3 is 20 MΩ, and the voltage of the second power supply E2 is 3 V.

[0063] The source of the MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the enable terminal EN of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 of the switching circuit. The output terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 and the seventh resistor R7. The second end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected to the load and the first end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3, and the second end of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C3 is grounded. The input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1, the second end of the sixth resistor R6, and the second power supply E2. The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected to the cathodes of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected to the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor and the second power supply E2.

[0064] At this time, the first power supply E1 is in a non-powered state, and the second power supply E2 supplies power to the load. The load is the CPU. In the case where the power supply circuit is conducting, when the CPU is not in place, the second interface is at a high level, and when the CPU is in place, the second interface is at a low level. The current detection unit and the alarm unit are ignored.

[0065] When the CPU is in a connected state with the second interface, the second interface is connected to the in-position PIN of the CPU, namely GND. At this time, the voltage U1 of the second interface = 3 V * 2 M / (2 M + 20 M) = 0.27 V.

[0066] The turn-on voltage of MOS transistor Q2 is 0.7V. When U1 is less than 0.7V, MOS transistor Q2 is turned off at this time. The second power supply E2 can output a high-level signal to the enable terminal of the voltage regulator unit Q1 through the fourth resistor R4, pull up the enable terminal to 3V, and can control the enable terminal to connect the input terminal and the output terminal of the voltage regulator unit Q1, so as to turn on the power supply loop between the second power supply E2 and the CPU, so that the second power supply E2 supplies power to the CPU.

[0067] When the CPU is not connected to the second interface, the second interface is floating. At this time, the voltage U2 at the second interface = 3V * (2M + 20M) / (2M + 20M + 20M) = 1.57V.

[0068] At this time, U1 is greater than 0.7V. At this time, MOS transistor Q2 is turned on. The high-level signal of the second power supply E2 to the enable terminal of the voltage regulator unit Q1 through the fourth resistor R4 will be pulled down to 0V by the ground connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q2, and can control the enable terminal to disconnect the connection between the input terminal and the output terminal of the voltage regulator unit Q1, so as to disconnect the power supply loop between the second power supply E2 and the CPU, so that the second power supply E2 stops supplying power to the CPU.

[0069] In the same above example, when the protection circuit in this embodiment is applied to the clock power supply, the detection circuit of the protection circuit can be used to detect the presence state of the CPU. When the CPU is not present, the power supply loop between the power supply and the CPU can be cut off in time to reduce the consumption of the button battery power and avoid the short circuit between the CPU and the live PIN pins, resulting in CPU damage.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application also provides a server, and the server includes the clock power supply described in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the clock power supply is used to supply power to the CPU.

[0071] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods and devices according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions, and the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general computer, a special computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing terminal devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal devices generate for realizing in the process Figure 1 one process or multiple processes and / or blocks Figure 1Apparatus for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0073] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured article including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one Figure 1 one or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 specified function in one or more boxes.

[0074] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, such that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable terminal device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable terminal device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 one or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 specified function in one or more boxes.

[0075] Although the preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0076] Finally, it should also be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the said element.

[0077] The above has introduced in detail a protection circuit, a clock power supply and a server provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A protection circuit, characterized in that: include: A switch circuit, comprising a first interface, a second interface and a control terminal; wherein the first interface is configured to be connected to a power supply, the second interface is configured to be connected to a load, and a power supply loop is formed between the first interface and the second interface; A detection circuit connected to the control end; The detection circuit is configured to control the level of the control end to be a first level when the second interface is connected to the load, and to control the level of the control end to be a second level when the second interface is not connected to the load; wherein the first level is not equal to the second level; The switch circuit is configured to turn on the power supply circuit when the control end is at the first level, and to cut off the power supply circuit when the control end is at the second level.

2. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection circuit includes a detection unit and a grounding unit; wherein the input end of the detection unit is connected to the second interface, the output end of the detection unit is connected to the input end of the grounding unit, and the grounding unit and the control end are connected to form a grounding loop; The detection unit is configured to control the ground loop to be disconnected when the second interface is connected to the load, and to control the ground loop to be connected when the second interface is not connected to the load; The grounding unit is configured to input the first level to the control end when the grounding loop is disconnected, and to input the second level to the control end when the grounding loop is connected.

3. The protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor; wherein, The first end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply, and the second end is respectively connected to the input end of the grounding unit and the first end of the second resistor, the second end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the third resistor and the second interface, and the second end of the third resistor is grounded.

4. The protection circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The grounding unit comprises a transistor switch; wherein a first end of the transistor switch is connected to the output end of the detection unit, a second end of the transistor switch is grounded, and a third end of the transistor switch is connected to the control end; The transistor switch is configured to conduct the first end and the second end when the ground loop is disconnected, and to conduct the first end and the third end when the ground loop is connected.

5. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch circuit comprises: a first voltage stabilizing capacitor, a second voltage stabilizing capacitor and a voltage stabilizing unit; Wherein, the first end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected to the power supply and the input end of the voltage-stabilizing unit respectively, and the second end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor is grounded; The first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected to the load and the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit respectively, the second end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded, and the enable end of the voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the detection circuit and the power supply respectively; The voltage stabilizing unit is configured to turn on the power supply circuit when the level of the enable terminal is the first level, and to cut off the power supply circuit when the level of the enable terminal is the second level.

6. A clock power supply, characterized in that: It comprises a power supply, and a protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 connected to the power supply.

7. The clock power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply includes a first power supply, a second power supply, a first diode and a second diode; Wherein, the first power supply and the second power supply are connected in parallel to the first interface of the switch circuit in the protection circuit; The first diode is connected in series between the first power source and the first interface, and the second diode is connected in series between the second power source and the first interface.

8. The clock power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power supply further includes a fourth resistor connected in series between the first voltage stabilizing capacitor and the control terminal; The fourth resistor is configured to stabilize the voltage output by the first power supply and / or the second power supply to the control end.

9. The clock power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: A fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third voltage-stabilizing capacitor, a current detection unit and an alarm unit; wherein, A first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second power supply, and a second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the anode of the second diode; The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the first interface and the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor respectively; The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second interface and the first end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor respectively, the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first end of the current detection unit and the first end of the third voltage-stabilizing capacitor respectively, the second end of the third voltage-stabilizing capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the current detection unit is connected to the second interface and the alarm unit respectively; The current detection unit is configured to detect the current output by the second interface in real time when the load is connected to the second interface, and output an alarm instruction to the alarm unit when the current is lower than a preset current; The alarm unit is configured to generate alarm information in response to the alarm instruction.

10. A server, characterized in that: The server comprises the clock power supply according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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