Design method of coal mine tunnel supporting structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a coal mine tunnel supporting structure, which belongs to the technical field of structural design, and specifically comprises the following steps: collecting historical design cases of the tunnel supporting structure, analyzing and processing data in the historical design cases, obtaining a basic design rule, carrying out modularization processing on components of the supporting structure, and obtaining a design result of the tunnel supporting structure. The method comprises the following steps: establishing standard three-dimensional models with different geometric dimensions, constructing a support structure design system integrated with drawing and modeling software, dividing a to-be-supported roadway into roadway sections, outputting corresponding support mechanism three-dimensional model diagrams according to roadway parameters and environmental parameters of each roadway section, and combining and connecting the support structure three-dimensional model diagrams to form a support structure design model. And detecting and modifying, inputting the modified three-dimensional model into a system, converting the modified three-dimensional model into a two-dimensional CAD drawing, and labeling parameters, so that the design efficiency of the roadway support structure design is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of structural design, and particularly to a design method for a supporting structure of a coal mine roadway. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining work, roadway support is an extremely important process, and it can effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of coal mining work. Therefore, the design of the roadway support structure in the mining industry is a key link.

[0003] In the design of existing roadway support structures, professional engineers need to refer to various parameters of the surrounding environment of the roadway and design in combination with relevant drawing software.

[0004] However, the existing design method relies on the personal experience of engineers, and the design process is highly subjective, resulting in poor consistency and replicability of the design results among different engineers. Moreover, the environments around different roadways during the mining process are different, and the existing method requires detailed drawing design for the specific situation of each roadway, with a large amount of repetitive work and low efficiency, and it is impossible to quickly provide an effective supporting structure design scheme. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for a supporting structure of a coal mine roadway, and solve the following technical problems:

[0006] The existing design method for the supporting structure relies relatively much on the personal experience of engineers, the design process is highly subjective, the consistency and replicability of the design results of different engineers are poor, and at the same time, the existing design method has a low degree of intelligence and a large amount of repetitive work in drawing, resulting in low design efficiency.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A design method for a supporting structure of a coal mine roadway includes the following steps:

[0009] Collect historical design cases of the roadway support structure, screen out roadway parameters, environmental parameters, and support structure parameters from the data of the historical design cases, and conduct data analysis to summarize the variation rules of the corresponding support structure parameters under different combinations of roadway parameters and environmental parameters, and mark them as basic design rules;

[0010] Modularize various components of the support structure, establish a corresponding standard three-dimensional module for each component, construct a support structure design system, store the historical design cases, basic design rules, and standard three-dimensional modules into the support structure design system, and at the same time, integrate drawing software and modeling software in the support structure design system;

[0011] Divide the roadway to be supported into N roadway sections equally, collect the roadway parameters and environmental parameters of each roadway section respectively, and input them into the support structure design system in turn. The system determines the support structure parameters used for each roadway section according to historical design cases and basic design rules, selects the corresponding required standard 3D modules, and assembles and designs the selected standard 3D modules through the integrated modeling software to generate a 3D model diagram of the support structure. After generating the 3D model diagrams of the support structures for all sections, the system filters out adjacent roadway sections that meet the merging conditions according to the environmental parameters of each roadway section, and performs merging and connection processing on the corresponding 3D model diagrams of the support structures;

[0012] Detect the obtained 3D model diagram, modify the 3D model diagram according to the detection results, input the modified 3D model diagram into the support structure design system, and the system calls the integrated drawing software to convert each 3D model diagram into a 2D CAD drawing, and mark the dimension parameters at the corresponding positions, which is marked as the construction design drawing.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the roadway parameters include the cross-section type and cross-section geometric dimensions of the roadway, the environmental parameters include the lithology of the area around the roadway, the Poisson's ratio of the surrounding rock, and the magnitude and distribution of the in-situ stress, and the support structure parameters include the geometric dimensions of the support structure, the support structure material, and the support structure interval.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the process of obtaining the basic design rules is as follows:

[0015] Preprocess the selected roadway parameters, environmental parameters and support structure parameters, and convert them into corresponding structured data. Use statistical analysis methods to analyze the structured data, establish the mathematical relationship between the roadway parameters, environmental parameters and support structure parameters, and perform mathematical modeling. Extract the characteristics of the structured data through the mathematical model, summarize the variation rules of the corresponding support structure parameters under different combinations of roadway parameters and environmental parameters, and mark them as basic design rules.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific process of establishing and storing the standard 3D modules corresponding to each component is as follows:

[0017] Divide the support structure into different components, and obtain the name and material of each component. In the historical design cases, screen out the top m support structures with different geometric dimensions in the order of decreasing usage frequency, where m is a preset value. According to the screening results, design corresponding m standard 3D modules with different geometric dimensions for each component. At the same time, set connection rules for each standard 3D module according to the position and connection method of the component in the corresponding support structure;

[0018] The main label of each standard three-dimensional module is set to the name and material of the corresponding component, the sub-label is set to the corresponding geometric size, a progressive indexing relationship between the main label and the sub-label is established, and all standard three-dimensional modules are stored in the support structure design system.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific process of outputting the three-dimensional model diagram of the supporting structure corresponding to the tunnel section is:

[0020] After the tunnel parameters and environmental parameters corresponding to all tunnel sections are input into the support structure design system, the system traverses the tunnel parameter data in the historical data cases, and selects all historical design cases whose tunnel parameters match the input tunnel parameters, marks them as reference cases, obtains the environmental parameters in the reference case data, and determines the support structure parameters of the tunnel section according to the basic design rules;

[0021] The system calls the integrated modeling software to screen out the standard three-dimensional modules required for designing the support structure according to the determined support structure parameters. The system assembles and designs the screened standard three-dimensional modules according to the connection rules of each standard three-dimensional module through flipping, translation, rotation, and mirroring operations to generate a three-dimensional model diagram of the support structure.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific process of the system merging and connecting the three-dimensional model graphs is as follows:

[0023] The system uses dimensionality reduction and normalization methods to analyze and process the environmental parameters of each lane section, marks the values ​​obtained after processing as environmental reference values, and calculates the absolute difference between the environmental reference values ​​of each adjacent lane section in turn. If the absolute difference between the environmental reference values ​​of any two adjacent lane sections is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the two adjacent lane sections meet the merging conditions.

[0024] For two tunnel sections that meet the merging conditions, the system retrieves the three-dimensional models of the corresponding support structures of the two tunnel sections into the same modeling space, determines the surfaces to be connected of the two three-dimensional models, detects the connection rules of the standard three-dimensional modules on the surfaces to be connected of the two support structure three-dimensional models, and calls the new standard three-dimensional module to construct a transition plane based on the detection results to merge the two three-dimensional models, and outputs the merged and connected three-dimensional model diagram.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: after obtaining the three-dimensional model diagram, when it is detected that there is an error in the connection relationship between the components of the support structure in the three-dimensional model diagram, or the support strength of the support structure cannot meet the design requirements, the three-dimensional model is modified. When the three-dimensional model of the support structure is modified, the support structure design system supports users to customize the modification of the three-dimensional model. When the user sets a custom geometric dimension to modify the standard three-dimensional module, the system will synchronously record the geometric dimensions of the modified standard three-dimensional module.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention: The process of the support structure design system converting the three-dimensional model diagram into a two-dimensional CAD diagram is as follows: The system supports the user to customize and select the type of the output two-dimensional CAD diagram, and the types include top view, side view and front view. The system converts the three-dimensional model diagram into the corresponding two-dimensional CAD diagram according to the user's selection, and automatically marks the dimension parameters at the corresponding positions according to the geometric dimensions of the component parts. The system outputs and displays the three-dimensional model diagram and the corresponding two-dimensional CAD diagram to the user on the same interface.

[0027] Advantages of the present invention:

[0028] Based on the historical design cases that have been tested in the actual environment, the present invention summarizes the basic rules for the design of the roadway support structure, ensuring that the design process has a realistic basis and practical feasibility. The present invention divides the roadway to be supported into multiple roadway sections. For each section, through the integrated modeling and drawing software, a three-dimensional model diagram and a two-dimensional CAD diagram of the support structure are automatically generated respectively, greatly reducing the repetitive drawing and modeling operations of engineers during the design, while making the design of the roadway support structure more reasonable. And the present invention constructs in advance the standard three-dimensional models of each component of the common support structure. Using the preset standard three-dimensional models can improve the consistency of the design results. The present invention also supports the engineer's custom operations and can flexibly intervene according to the actual situation to ensure the effectiveness of the design results. Description of the drawings

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is the flow schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the process schematic diagram of generating the three-dimensional model diagram of the support structure;

[0032] Figure 3 is the flow chart of merging and connecting the three-dimensional model diagram of the support structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the present invention is a design method for a coal mine roadway support structure, including the following steps:

[0035] Collect historical design cases of roadway support structures, and screen out roadway parameters, environmental parameters, and support structure parameters from the data of the historical design cases. The roadway parameters include the cross-section type and cross-section geometric dimensions of the roadway. The environmental parameters include the lithology of the area around the roadway, the Poisson's ratio of the surrounding rock, and the magnitude and distribution of in-situ stress. The support structure parameters include the geometric dimensions of the support structure, the support structure material, and the support structure spacing, and conduct data analysis to summarize the variation laws of the corresponding support structure parameters under different combinations of roadway parameters and environmental parameters, and mark them as basic design rules.

[0036] The specific process of data analysis is as follows: preprocess the screened roadway parameters, environmental parameters, and support structure parameters, and convert them into corresponding structured data. Use statistical analysis methods to analyze the structured data, establish the mathematical relationships among the roadway parameters, environmental parameters, and support structure parameters, and conduct mathematical modeling. Extract the features of the structured data through the mathematical model, summarize the variation laws of the corresponding support structure parameters under different combinations of roadway parameters and environmental parameters, and mark them as basic design rules.

[0037] The basic design rules summarized from collecting historical design cases have strong replicability because the historical design cases have been tested in the actual environment, proving the effectiveness of their design schemes.

[0038] Modularize various components of the support structure. The process is as follows: disassemble the support structure into different components, and obtain the names and materials of each component. In the historical design cases, screen out the top m support structures with different geometric dimensions in descending order of usage frequency, where m is a preset value. According to the screening results, design corresponding standard three-dimensional modules with m different geometric dimensions for each component. At the same time, set connection rules for each standard three-dimensional module according to the position and connection method of the component in the corresponding support structure.

[0039] Standardizing the components is because the mainly used ones in the design process are the preset standard three-dimensional modules. Even if the geometric dimensions of some standard three-dimensional modules are changed in subsequent adjustments, it can still ensure that the overall support mechanism in multiple design schemes still has a certain degree of consistency, thus improving the reusability of the design results.

[0040] Build a support structure design system. Set the main label of each standard 3D module as the name and material of the corresponding component, and set the secondary label as the corresponding geometric dimensions. Establish a progressive indexing relationship between the main label and the secondary label, and store all standard 3D modules in the support structure design system. Establishing the progressive indexing relationship is to facilitate users to quickly select the required standard 3D modules during custom operations. Store historical design cases and basic design rules in the support structure design system as well. At the same time, integrate drawing software and modeling software in the support structure design system. The integration method can be completed through an API interface or by setting a plug-in in the relevant software.

[0041] Divide the roadway to be supported into N roadway sections, collect the roadway parameters and environmental parameters of each roadway section respectively, and input them into the support structure design system in sequence. The reason for segmenting the roadway to be supported is that the environment around different positions of a roadway is also different. If a uniform design method is used to design a support structure with the same parameters for the whole roadway, it may cause waste of resources because the geological environment in a certain section of the roadway may be very stable and only simple support is needed instead of the same strong support structure as designed for other sections.

[0042] After inputting the roadway parameters and environmental parameters corresponding to all roadway sections into the support structure design system, the system traverses the roadway parameter data in historical data cases and filters out historical design cases where all roadway parameters match the input roadway parameters, and marks them as reference cases. Obtain the environmental parameters in the data of the reference cases, and determine the support structure parameters of this roadway section according to the basic design rules. The reason for screening according to roadway parameters is that the structural design of the roadway itself refers to the surrounding environment, and the roadway design has standard specifications, so the cross-section type and cross-section size of the roadway are usually relatively fixed, and the parameter differences between different roadways are not large.

[0043] The system calls the integrated modeling software, selects the standard 3D modules required for designing the support structure according to the determined support structure parameters, and assembles and designs the selected standard 3D modules through operations such as flipping, translating, rotating, and mirroring according to the connection rules of each standard 3D module to generate a 3D model diagram of the support structure. After generating the 3D model diagrams of the support structures for all sections, the system filters out adjacent roadway sections that meet the merging conditions according to the environmental parameters of each roadway section, and performs merging and connection processing on the corresponding 3D model diagrams of the support structures.

[0044] The specific process of the merging connection process is as follows: The system uses dimensionality reduction processing methods and normalization methods to analyze and process the environmental parameters of each roadway section respectively. The dimensionality reduction processing methods mainly include linear dimensionality reduction method and non-linear dimensionality reduction method. The purpose of normalization is to constrain the obtained values to the same range. The values obtained after processing are marked as environmental reference values. The absolute differences of the environmental reference values of each adjacent roadway section are calculated in turn. If the absolute difference of the environmental reference values of any two adjacent roadway sections is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that these two adjacent roadway sections meet the merging conditions.

[0045] For two roadway sections that meet the merging conditions, the system retrieves the three-dimensional models of the corresponding support structures of the two roadway sections into the same modeling space, determines the connection surfaces of the two three-dimensional models, detects the connection rules of the standard three-dimensional modules on the connection surfaces of the two support structure three-dimensional models, and calls new standard three-dimensional modules according to the detection results to construct a transition plane to merge and connect the two three-dimensional models, and outputs the merged and connected three-dimensional model diagram.

[0046] After obtaining the three-dimensional model diagram, when it is detected that there are errors in the connection relationship between the components of the support structure in the three-dimensional model diagram, or the support strength of the support structure cannot meet the design requirements, the three-dimensional model is modified. When modifying the three-dimensional model of the support structure, the support structure design system supports the user to customize the modification of the three-dimensional model.

[0047] The scope of custom modification includes: flipping, translating, rotating, and mirroring the standard three-dimensional model diagram and individual standard three-dimensional modules, retrieving standard three-dimensional modules from the system and adding them to the three-dimensional model diagram, deleting the existing standard three-dimensional modules in the three-dimensional model diagram, and setting custom geometric dimensions for the standard three-dimensional modules. When the user sets custom geometric dimensions to modify the standard three-dimensional module, the system will synchronously record the geometric dimensions of the modified standard three-dimensional module to ensure correct dimension parameters are marked when converting to a two-dimensional CAD drawing later.

[0048] Input the modified three-dimensional model diagram into the support structure design system. The system calls the integrated drawing software to convert each three-dimensional model diagram into a two-dimensional CAD drawing. The specific process is as follows:

[0049] The system supports the user to customize the selection of the type of the output two-dimensional CAD drawing. The types include top view, side view, and front view. When the user selects any one type, the system rotates or flips the three-dimensional model diagram around the center point of the three-dimensional model, adjusts the viewing angle of the three-dimensional model to the top view angle, side view angle, or front view angle, and calls the three-dimensional model diagram to be converted into the corresponding two-dimensional CAD drawing, and automatically marks the dimension parameters at the corresponding positions according to the geometric dimensions of the components.

[0050] Subsequently, the system outputs and displays the 3D model diagram and the corresponding 2D CAD diagram to the user on the same interface. After the support structure design is completed, the system saves various data of this design process. In the subsequent support structure design, this design case can be used as feedback guidance, and the system can be adjusted and updated as needed.

[0051] The above formulas are all dimensionless and take their numerical calculations. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data for software simulation to get the closest to the real situation. The preset parameters and threshold selection in the formula are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0052] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0053] The above has described in detail one embodiment of the present invention, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a coal mine tunnel support structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect historical design cases of tunnel support structures, select tunnel parameters, environmental parameters and support structure parameters from the data of the historical design cases, perform data analysis, summarize the change rules of the corresponding support structure parameters under different combinations of tunnel parameters and environmental parameters, and mark them as basic design rules; Modularize the various components of the support structure, establish a standard three-dimensional module corresponding to each component, build a support structure design system, store historical design cases, basic design rules and standard three-dimensional modules in the support structure design system, and integrate drawing software and modeling software in the support structure design system; The tunnel to be supported is equally divided into N tunnel sections, and the tunnel parameters and environmental parameters of each tunnel section are collected respectively, and are input into the support structure design system in sequence. The system determines the support structure parameters used for each tunnel section according to historical design cases and basic design rules, and selects the corresponding required standard three-dimensional modules. The selected standard three-dimensional modules are assembled and designed through the integrated modeling software to generate a three-dimensional model diagram of the support structure. After the three-dimensional model diagram of the support structure of all sections is generated, the system selects adjacent tunnel sections that meet the merging conditions according to the environmental parameters of each tunnel section, and merges and connects the corresponding three-dimensional model diagrams of the support structure; The obtained 3D model drawings are inspected, modified according to the inspection results, and input into the support structure design system. The system calls the integrated drawing software to convert each 3D model drawing into a 2D CAD drawing, and annotates the dimension parameters at the corresponding positions, marking them as construction design drawings.

2. A method for designing a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel parameters include the cross-section type and cross-section geometric dimensions of the tunnel, the environmental parameters include the lithology of the area around the tunnel, the Poisson's ratio of the surrounding rock, and the magnitude and distribution of ground stress, and the support structure parameters include the geometric dimensions of the support structure, the support structure material and the support structure spacing.

3. A method for designing a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of obtaining basic design rules is: The screened tunnel parameters, environmental parameters and support structure parameters are preprocessed and converted into corresponding structured data. The structured data are analyzed using statistical analysis methods, and the mathematical relationship between the tunnel parameters, environmental parameters and support structure parameters is established, and mathematical modeling is performed. The features of the structured data are extracted through the mathematical model, and the changing rules of the corresponding support structure parameters under different combinations of tunnel parameters and environmental parameters are summarized and marked as basic design rules.

4. The design method of a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of establishing and storing the standard three-dimensional modules corresponding to each component is as follows: The support structure is divided into different components, and the name and material of each component are obtained. In the historical design cases, the first m support structures with different geometric sizes are screened out in descending order of usage frequency, where m is a preset value. According to the screening results, corresponding m standard three-dimensional modules with different geometric sizes are designed for each component. At the same time, according to the position and connection method of the component in the corresponding support structure, connection rules are set for each standard three-dimensional module. The main label of each standard three-dimensional module is set to the name and material of the corresponding component, the sub-label is set to the corresponding geometric size, a progressive indexing relationship between the main label and the sub-label is established, and all standard three-dimensional modules are stored in the support structure design system.

5. A method for designing a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of outputting the 3D model diagram of the corresponding support structure of the tunnel section is as follows: After the tunnel parameters and environmental parameters corresponding to all tunnel sections are input into the support structure design system, the system traverses the tunnel parameter data in the historical data cases, and selects all historical design cases whose tunnel parameters match the input tunnel parameters, marks them as reference cases, obtains the environmental parameters in the reference case data, and determines the support structure parameters of the tunnel section according to the basic design rules; The system calls the integrated modeling software to screen out the standard three-dimensional modules required for designing the support structure according to the determined support structure parameters. The system assembles and designs the screened standard three-dimensional modules according to the connection rules of each standard three-dimensional module through flipping, translation, rotation, and mirroring operations to generate a three-dimensional model diagram of the support structure.

6. A method for designing a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific process of the system merging and connecting the three-dimensional model diagram is as follows: The system uses dimensionality reduction and normalization methods to analyze and process the environmental parameters of each lane section, marks the values ​​obtained after processing as environmental reference values, and calculates the absolute difference between the environmental reference values ​​of each adjacent lane section in turn. If the absolute difference between the environmental reference values ​​of any two adjacent lane sections is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the two adjacent lane sections meet the merging conditions. For two tunnel sections that meet the merging conditions, the system retrieves the three-dimensional models of the corresponding support structures of the two tunnel sections into the same modeling space, determines the surfaces to be connected of the two three-dimensional models, detects the connection rules of the standard three-dimensional modules on the surfaces to be connected of the two support structure three-dimensional models, and calls the new standard three-dimensional module to construct a transition plane based on the detection results to merge the two three-dimensional models, and outputs the merged and connected three-dimensional model diagram.

7. A method for designing a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: After obtaining the three-dimensional model diagram, when it is detected that there are errors in the connection relationship between the components of the support structure in the three-dimensional model diagram, or the support strength of the support structure cannot meet the design requirements, the three-dimensional model is modified. When modifying the three-dimensional model of the support structure, the support structure design system supports users to customize the modification of the three-dimensional model. When the user sets a custom geometric dimension to modify the standard three-dimensional module, the system will synchronously record the geometric dimensions of the modified standard three-dimensional module.

8. A method for designing a coal mine tunnel support structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of the support structure design system converting the three-dimensional model drawing into a two-dimensional CAD drawing is as follows: the system supports users to customize the type of two-dimensional CAD drawing to be output, which includes top view, side view and front view. The system converts the three-dimensional model drawing into the corresponding two-dimensional CAD drawing according to the user's selection, and automatically marks the dimension parameters at the corresponding positions according to the geometric dimensions of the components. The system outputs the three-dimensional model drawing and the corresponding two-dimensional CAD drawing to the user on the same interface.

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