Charging device
By controlling the working state of the bidirectional AC-DC circuit in the charging device, the inductor and input capacitor are exchanged for energy, the problem of large reactive power loss during standby time of the charging device is solved, and the effect of reducing the equipment size and cost is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510162864.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-01-13
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
AI Technical Summary
The reactive power loss of the charging device in standby state is large, resulting in a larger device size and higher cost.
By controlling the operation of at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit, its inductor and input capacitor are exchanged for energy, thereby reducing energy exchange between the input capacitor and the alternating current source and reducing reactive loss.
There is no need to add an additional reactive power compensation device, and only at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit is required to achieve reactive power compensation function, greatly reducing the size and cost of the charging device.
Smart Images
Figure CN120165480A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of charging, and more specifically, to a charging device. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid popularization of electric vehicles, the application of charging devices as supporting facilities is becoming more and more extensive. The charging device includes an AC-DC circuit, and the AC-DC circuit includes an input capacitor, which is connected to the power grid through the input capacitor. However, in the above design, when the charging device is in the standby state, the input capacitor is still connected to the power grid, resulting in relatively large reactive power loss of the charging device during standby.
[0003] In view of the above problems, the related technical solutions compensate for the reactive power loss of the charging device by adding an additional reactive power compensation device, but this technical solution results in a relatively large volume and high cost of the charging device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present application provides a charging device, which reduces the reactive power loss of the charging device during standby without adding an additional reactive power compensation device, thereby reducing the volume of the charging device and decreasing the cost of the charging device.
[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, including one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits, one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits, a plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits, and one or more charging guns. Each AC-DC circuit in the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits and the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits includes an input capacitor, and each AC-DC circuit is configured to be connected to the same AC source through the input capacitor. Each charging gun in the one or more charging guns is configured to be connected to an electric vehicle. Each unidirectional DC-DC circuit in the plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits is configured to perform power conversion on the direct current output from at least one AC-DC circuit in the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits and the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits and then output the converted direct current to one of the one or more charging guns. Wherein, the charging device is configured to control the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits and the plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits not to work and control at least one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work when each charging gun is not connected to an electric vehicle.
[0006] When the charging device does not need to charge the electric vehicle, it will enter the standby state. In the standby state, the input capacitors of each AC-DC circuit can exchange energy with the AC source, thus generating reactive power loss. In the technical solution of this application, by controlling at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit among one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work, the inductor and the input capacitor in the at least one working bidirectional AC-DC circuit exchange energy, thereby reducing the energy exchange between the input capacitor and the AC source, and further reducing the reactive power loss of the charging device.
[0007] The technical solution of this application does not need to additionally increase reactive power compensation equipment. Only by setting at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit can the reactive power compensation function be realized, which can greatly reduce the volume and cost of the charging device.
[0008] In addition, adopting the technical solution of this application, when the charging device charges the electric vehicle, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit can also be used to convert the alternating current input from the AC source into direct current to charge the electric vehicle, thereby reducing the complexity of the circuit in the charging device.
[0009] Secondly, in the technical solution of this application, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit is connected to the unidirectional DC-DC circuit instead of the bidirectional DC-DC circuit, which can further reduce the cost of the charging device.
[0010] In an embodiment of this application, each AC-DC circuit is correspondingly connected to a controller. The controller connected to one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits is used to control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit among the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work. The controller connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits is also used to receive power parameters, where the power parameters include at least one of the following: the reactive power of each AC-DC circuit except one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits, the input voltage and input current of each AC-DC circuit except one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits, the reactive power of the alternating current input by the charging device, the sum of the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits and the input current of each of the AC-DC circuits.
[0011] Generally, a charging device includes a main controller which sends control commands to the controller connected to the AC-DC circuit. The controller connected to the AC-DC circuit controls the operation of the AC-DC circuit according to the control commands. By using one of the controllers connected to the bidirectional AC-DC circuit to receive power parameters and perform reactive power compensation, on the one hand, the cooperation complexity between the main controller and each controller connected to the AC-DC circuit can be reduced. On the other hand, the AC-DC circuit is generally integrated in the AC-DC module. If the main controller performs reactive power compensation control, after the AC-DC module leaves the factory, post-debugging is required between the controller in the AC-DC module (i.e., the controller connected to the AC-DC circuit) and the main controller, increasing the integration complexity and development cost of the charging device. However, by adopting the solution of this embodiment, the reactive power compensation function can be debugged before the AC-DC module leaves the factory, reducing the integration complexity and development cost of the charging device.
[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device further includes a main controller and a communication bus. The main controller is connected to each controller connected to the AC-DC circuit through the communication bus. Each controller connected to the AC-DC circuit communicates with the main controller through the communication bus, and the controllers of each AC-DC circuit also communicate with each other through the communication bus.
[0013] Generally, a charging device includes a main controller which communicates with each controller connected to the AC-DC circuit through a communication bus. The main controller sends control commands to the controller connected to the AC-DC circuit according to the charging information of the electric vehicle. The controller connected to the AC-DC circuit controls the operation of the AC-DC circuit according to the control commands, thereby charging the electric vehicle. By using the communication bus, the controllers connected to each AC-DC circuit can communicate with each other, which can simplify the circuit complexity of the charging device.
[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device further includes a reactive power detection device which is used to detect the reactive power of the alternating current input to the charging device.
[0015] The method of using the reactive power detection device to detect the reactive power of the alternating current input to the charging device is simple, and can reduce the integration complexity of the charging device.
[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device further includes a current detection device and a voltage detection device. The voltage detection device is used to detect the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, and the current detection device is used to detect the sum of the input currents of each AC-DC circuit.
[0017] Each AC-DC circuit is connected to the same AC source. Therefore, the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits is the input voltage of the charging device. By detecting the sum of the input currents of each AC-DC circuit and the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, the reactive power loss of the charging device can be calculated, and this implementation method has a lower cost.
[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, when the charging gun outputs a charging current, the charging device is further configured to adjust the frequency or duty cycle of the switching tube of at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit in the bidirectional AC-DC circuits that are working, or control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit in the bidirectional AC-DC circuits that are not working when the power factor of the charging device is less than a first preset value, where the power factor of the charging device = the active power of the charging device / the apparent power of the charging device.
[0019] In an embodiment of the present application, the first preset value is greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 0.95. That is to say, the first preset value can be any value in the range of 0.9 - 0.95.
[0020] When the charging device charges an electric vehicle, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit can also be used to improve the power factor of the charging device, thereby improving the power utilization rate of the charging device.
[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, when each charging gun is not connected to an electric vehicle, the charging device is configured to control one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits and multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits not to work, and control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work when the reactive power of the charging device is greater than a second preset value.
[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, the second preset value is greater than or equal to 500 VA and less than or equal to 1000 VA. That is to say, the second preset value can be any value in the range of 500 VA - 1000 VA.
[0023] When the charging device is in the standby state and the reactive power of the charging device is greater than the second preset value, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit turns on the reactive power compensation function, which can reduce the working duration of the bidirectional AC-DC circuit and is beneficial to the long-term operation of the bidirectional AC-DC circuit.
[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device includes multiple groups of input terminals and multiple groups of power conversion circuits. Each group of power conversion circuits includes one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits, one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits, and multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits. The multiple groups of input terminals are used to connect to the same AC source, and the multiple groups of input terminals and the multiple groups of power conversion circuits are connected in one-to-one correspondence.
[0025] Each power conversion circuit can achieve a reactive power compensation function for its own reactive power loss. In this way, the specification requirements for the devices detecting power parameters in the charging device can be relatively low, and the cost of the charging device can be further reduced.
[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device further includes a DC bus, and each AC-DC circuit is connected to each single-way DC-DC circuit through the DC bus.
[0027] When each AC-DC circuit is connected to each single-way DC-DC circuit through the DC bus, at least one AC-DC circuit can be encapsulated in an AC-DC module, and at least one single-way DC-DC circuit can be encapsulated in a single-way DC-DC module. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0029] Figure 2 is an example provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 specific structural schematic diagram of the charging device shown.
[0030] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0031] Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the charging device provided by the present application.
[0032] Figure 5 is still another structural schematic diagram of the charging device provided by the present application.
[0033] Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0034] Figure 7 is still another structural schematic diagram of the charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Embodiments
[0035] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following points are first explained before introducing the embodiments of the present application.
[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "connection" may refer to electrical connection. Among them, electrical connection can be understood as the signal transmission between two electrical components through direct electrical connection or indirect electrical connection. For example, when A is electrically connected to B, it can be understood that A is directly electrically connected to B, or it can be understood that A and B are indirectly electrically connected through one or more other electrical components.
[0037] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. Additionally, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two, and "at least one" and "one or more" mean one, two, or more than two.
[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0039] First, for the convenience of understanding the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the application scenarios applicable to the embodiments of the present application will be introduced first.
[0040] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0041] Combined with Figure 1 In (a) and (b) of, the charging system 10 includes a charging device 11 and an electric vehicle 12. Among them, the charging device 11 is configured to receive the alternating current output by the power grid 20, convert the alternating current into a stable direct current, and then transmit the direct current to the electric vehicle 12 to charge the electric vehicle 12. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the electric vehicle 12 can also output electric energy to the power grid 20 through the charging device 11 in reverse.
[0042] In some embodiments, as shown in (a) of Figure 1 , the charging device 11 is a split-type charging device. Specifically, the charging device 11 includes a charging host 111, one or more charging terminals 112, and one or more charging guns 113.
[0043] Among them, the charging host 111 includes a plurality of charging modules (not shown in the figure), and the output terminals of the plurality of charging modules are connected to each charging terminal 112. The plurality of charging modules are configured to convert the alternating current output by the power grid 20 into a stable direct current and then transmit the direct current to the charging terminal 112. The plurality of charging modules include, for example, an AC-DC charging module and a DC-DC charging module. The specific descriptions of the AC-DC charging module and the DC-DC charging module will be introduced below and will not be elaborated here.
[0044] Each charging terminal 112 is connected to at least one charging gun 113 among one or more charging guns 113, and each charging gun 113 is configured to connect to the electric vehicle 12. An electric vehicle 12 can be connected to one charging gun 113 or multiple charging guns 113. In specific implementation, the charging terminal 112 is configured to transmit the direct current output by the plurality of charging modules to the electric vehicle 12 through the connected charging gun 113.
[0045] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the charging terminal 112 includes a housing, a human-machine interface, a charging control unit, a metering and billing unit, etc., for information interaction, energy transmission, metering and billing, etc. with the electric vehicle 12.
[0046] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the electric vehicle 12 is a means of transportation driven by electric energy. The electric vehicle 12 is a pure electric vehicle (pure electric vehicle / battery electric vehicle, pure EV / battery EV), a hybrid electric vehicle (hybrid electric vehicle, HEV), a range-extended electric vehicle (range-extended electric vehicle, REEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, PHEV), etc.
[0047] In some other embodiments, as Figure 1 shown in (b) of, the charging device 11 is an integrated charging device. Specifically, the human-machine interface, the charging control unit, the metering and billing unit, etc. in the charging device 11 are directly arranged in the charging host 111, so that the charging device 11 can include the charging host 111 and a charging gun 113 connected to the charging host 111, and does not include the charging terminal 112. In specific implementation, after converting the alternating current output by the power grid 20 into stable direct current by multiple charging modules in the charging host 111, it is directly transmitted to the electric vehicle 12 through the charging gun 113.
[0048] Next, taking the charging device 11 in Figure 1 (a) of as an example, the connection relationship of the circuits in the charging device 11 will be further introduced.
[0049] Figure 2 is an example provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 1 of the specific structural schematic diagram of the charging device shown.
[0050] Referring to Figure 2 , the charging host 111 includes one or more AC-DC circuits 1111, one or more DC-DC circuits 1112, a DC bus 1113, and a power distribution device 1114. For example Figure 2Exemplarily, it is shown that the charging host 111 includes a plurality of AC-DC circuits 1111 and a plurality of DC-DC circuits 1112. Among them, the input end of each AC-DC circuit 1111 is connected to the power grid 20, and the output end of each AC-DC circuit 1111 is connected to the input end of each DC-DC circuit 1112 through a DC bus 1113. The output end of each DC-DC circuit 1112 is connected to each charging terminal 112 in the charging device 11 through a power distribution device 1114, and each charging terminal 112 is connected to a charging gun 113.
[0051] In specific implementation, each AC-DC circuit 1111 is used to convert the alternating current output by the power grid 20 into direct current and output it to the DC bus 1113. Each DC-DC circuit 1112 is used to further convert the direct current obtained from the DC bus 1113 into direct current suitable for the electric vehicle 12 and then output it to the power distribution device 1114. The power distribution device 1114 is used to dynamically distribute the direct current output by each DC-DC circuit 1112 according to the actual charging power required by the electric vehicle 12, and convey the distributed power to the charging gun 113 through the charging terminal 112, so that the power output by the charging gun 113 to the electric vehicle 12 meets the charging requirements of the electric vehicle 12.
[0052] As described in the above background art section, the AC-DC circuit 1111 is connected to the power grid through an input capacitor. When the charging device 11 is in the standby state, the input capacitor is still connected to the power grid, resulting in relatively large reactive power loss of the charging device 11 during standby. The related technical solution compensates for the reactive power loss of the charging device 11 by adding an additional reactive power compensation device, but this technical solution results in a relatively large volume and high cost of the charging device 11.
[0053] Based on the above content, the embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, which reduces the reactive power loss of the charging device during standby without adding an additional reactive power compensation device, thereby reducing the volume of the charging device and reducing the cost of the charging device.
[0054] The charging device provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0055] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The charging device 30 includes one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 (one bidirectional AC-DC circuit is taken as an example in the figure), one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 (two unidirectional AC-DC circuits are taken as an example in the figure), a plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305, and one or more charging guns 307.
[0056] Each AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 includes an input capacitor. Each AC-DC circuit is used to connect to the same AC source through the input capacitor 308. Each charging gun 307 in one or more charging guns 307 is used to connect to an electric vehicle. Each unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 in a plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 is used to perform power conversion on the direct current output from at least one AC-DC circuit among one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 and then output it to one of the charging guns 307 in the one or more charging guns 307; wherein,
[0057] The charging device 30 is used to control the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 and the plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 not to work and control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 in the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 to work when each charging gun 307 is not connected to an electric vehicle.
[0058] When the charging device 30 does not need to charge the electric vehicle, it will enter the standby state. In the standby state, the input capacitor 308 of each AC-DC circuit in the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 can perform energy exchange with the AC source 20, thereby generating reactive power loss. In the technical solution of the present application, the charging device 30 controls at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 in the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 to work, so that the inductor in the at least one working bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 exchanges energy with the corresponding connected input capacitor 308, thereby reducing the energy exchange between the input capacitor 308 and the AC source 20, that is, reducing the reactive power demand of the input capacitor 308 for the AC source 20, and further reducing the reactive power loss of the charging device 30.
[0059] The technical solution of the present application does not need to additionally increase reactive power compensation equipment. Only by setting at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit in the charging device 30 can the reactive power compensation function be realized, and the volume and cost of the charging device 30 can be greatly reduced.
[0060] In addition, adopting the technical solution of the present application, when the charging device 30 charges the electric vehicle, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 can also be used to convert the alternating current input from the AC source 20 into direct current to charge the electric vehicle, thereby reducing the complexity of the circuit in the charging device 30.
[0061] Secondly, in the technical solution of the present application, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is connected to the unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 instead of the bidirectional DC-DC circuit, which can further reduce the cost of the charging device 30.
[0062] In one embodiment, the minimum number of bidirectional AC-DC modules required by the charging device 30 can be configured according to the maximum reactive power loss generated by all the unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 in the charging device 30 and the reactive power compensation capabilities of each bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301, thereby further reducing the cost of the charging device 30.
[0063] It can be understood that, in Figure 3 , the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is connected to the unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 is connected to the charging gun 307 in a one-to-one correspondence as an example. In the solution of this application, the connection relationship between the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and the unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 and the connection relationship between the unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 and the charging gun 307 are not limited. For example, one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 can be connected to two unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305, and two unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 can be connected to one charging gun 307, etc.
[0064] In one embodiment, when each charging gun 307 of the charging device 30 is not connected to an electric vehicle, and when the reactive power of the charging device 30 is greater than a second preset value, the charging device 30 controls one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 and multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 not to work, and controls at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 among one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 3011 to work.
[0065] When the charging device 30 is in a standby state and the reactive power of the charging device 30 is greater than the second preset value, the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 enables the reactive power compensation function, which can reduce the working duration of the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and is beneficial to the long-term operation of the bidirectional AC-DC circuit.
[0066] In one embodiment, the second preset value is greater than or equal to 500 VA and less than or equal to 1000 VA. That is to say, the second preset value can be any value in the range of 500 VA - 1000 VA.
[0067] In one embodiment, when the charging gun 307 outputs a charging current, and when the power factor of the charging device 30 is less than a first preset value, the charging device 30 adjusts the frequency or duty ratio of the switching tubes of at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 among the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 that are working, or controls at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 among the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 that are not working to work, where the power factor of the charging device 30 = the active power of the charging device 30 / the apparent power of the charging device 30.
[0068] In one embodiment, the first preset value is greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 0.95. That is to say, the first preset value can be any value between 0.9 and 0.95.
[0069] When the charging device 30 charges the electric vehicle, when the power factor of the charging device 30 is less than the first preset value, it indicates that the power utilization rate of the charging device 30 is relatively low, and the working state of the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 can be changed to improve the power utilization rate of the charging device 30.
[0070] Specifically, assuming that the active power of the charging device 30 is A, the reactive power of the charging device 30 is B, and the apparent power of the charging device 30 is C, the relationship between these three values is: A 2 +B 2 =C 2 , therefore, by changing the reactive power of the charging device 30, the apparent power of the charging device 30 can be changed, and thus the power factor of the charging device 30 can be changed.
[0071] Therefore, by adjusting the frequency or duty cycle of the switching tubes of at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 in the working bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301, or controlling at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 in the non-working bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 to work, the reactive power of the charging device 30 can be changed, and thus the power factor of the charging device 30 can be adjusted.
[0072] In one embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, each AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 is correspondingly connected to a controller 309. The controller 309 connected to one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 is used to control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 in the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 to work. The controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 is further used to receive power parameters, where the power parameters include at least one of the following: the reactive power of each AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303, the input voltage and input current of each AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303, the reactive power of the alternating current input by the charging device 30, the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, and the sum of the input currents of each AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303.
[0073] That is to say, when reactive power compensation or power factor adjustment is performed on the charging device 30, the controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 can control the operating states of all the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301.
[0074] Generally speaking, the charging device 30 includes a main controller 311. The main controller 311 sends control instructions to the controllers 309 connected to the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and the unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 according to the charging information of the electric vehicle, so that the controllers 309 connected to the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and the unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 control the operation of the AC-DC circuits according to the control instructions to charge the electric vehicle.
[0075] By using the controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 to receive power parameters and perform reactive power compensation or power factor adjustment, on the one hand, the cooperation complexity between the main controller 311 and the controllers 309 connected to each AC-DC circuit can be reduced; on the other hand, the AC-DC circuit and its connected controller 309 are generally integrated in the AC-DC module. If the main controller 311 performs reactive power compensation control or power factor adjustment, after the AC-DC module leaves the factory, post-debugging is required between the controller 309 (i.e., the controller connected to the AC-DC circuit) in the AC-DC module and the main controller 311, which increases the integration complexity and development cost of the charging device 30. However, by adopting the solution of this embodiment, the functions of reactive power compensation and power factor adjustment can be debugged before the AC-DC module leaves the factory, reducing the integration complexity and development cost of the charging device 30.
[0076] In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 3 , the charging device 30 further includes a main controller 311 and a communication bus 313. The main controller 311 is connected to the controllers 309 connected to each AC-DC circuit through the communication bus 313. Each controller 309 connected to an AC-DC circuit communicates with the main controller 311 through the communication bus 313, and the controllers 309 connected to each AC-DC circuit also communicate with each other through the communication bus 313.
[0077] The main controller 311 communicates with the controller 309 connected to each AC-DC circuit via a communication bus 313. The main controller 311 sends control instructions to the controller 309 connected to the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and the unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 according to the charging information of the electric vehicle, so that the controller 309 connected to the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and the unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 controls the operation of the AC-DC circuit according to the control instructions to charge the electric vehicle. The controller 309 connected to each AC-DC circuit is also connected to the communication bus 313, so that communication between each controller 309 can be realized via the communication bus 313.
[0078] In one embodiment, the controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 can obtain the input voltage and input current of each AC-DC circuit except one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, calculate the reactive power of each AC-DC circuit according to the input voltage and input current of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and the input voltage and input current of each AC-DC circuit except one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, so as to obtain the total reactive power of the charging device 30, and control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 to operate according to the total reactive power to perform reactive power compensation on the charging device 30.
[0079] In another embodiment, the controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 can obtain the reactive power of each AC-DC circuit except one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, so as to obtain the total reactive power of the charging device 30, and control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 to operate according to the total reactive power to perform reactive power compensation on the charging device 30. The controller 309 of each AC-DC circuit except one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 can obtain the input voltage and input current of the AC-DC circuit it is connected to, calculate the reactive power according to the input voltage and input current, and send the reactive power to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301. And the controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 can obtain the input voltage and input current of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, so as to obtain its own reactive power, and further obtain the total reactive power of the charging device 30.
[0080] When the charging device 30 charges an electric vehicle, to ensure the charging safety of the charging device 30, generally, a voltage detection device and a current detection device are set in the charging device 30 to detect the input voltage and input current of the AC-DC circuit. In the above two embodiments, the input voltage and input current detected by the voltage detection device and the current detection device can be reused to calculate the reactive power simultaneously, without adding extra devices, reducing the cost of the charging device 30.
[0081] Reference Figure 4 , is another structural schematic diagram of the charging device 30 provided by the present application. The charging device 30 includes a reactive power detection device 315. The reactive power detection device 315 is used to detect the reactive power of the charging device 30. The controller 309 connected to one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 can obtain the reactive power of the charging device 30 and control at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 to work according to the reactive power of the charging device 30 to perform reactive power compensation on the charging device 30.
[0082] Specifically, the reactive power detection device 315 can be an electric meter or a power sensor, and the present application does not limit this.
[0083] Reference Figure 5 , is still another structural schematic diagram of the charging device 30 provided by the present application. The charging device 30 includes a current detection device 317 and a voltage detection device 319. The current detection device 317 is used to detect the total current of all the AC-DC circuits in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 input, and the voltage detection device 319 is used to detect the input voltage of one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301.
[0084] It can be seen from Figure 5 that all the AC-DC circuits are connected in parallel to the AC source 20. Therefore, the input voltage of one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is the input voltage of the charging device 30. Therefore, by detecting the total current of all the AC-DC circuits input and the input voltage of one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301, the total reactive power of the charging device 30 can be calculated.
[0085] Continuing to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in one embodiment, when the charging device 30 only includes one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301, the controller 309 connected to the one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 only needs to establish a communication connection with the reactive power detection device 315 or the current detection device 317, and does not need to establish a communication connection with the controller 309 connected to other unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303, which can reduce the wiring complexity of the charging device 30.
[0086] In one embodiment, when the charging device 30 includes multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, a controller 309 connected to one of the multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 establishes a communication connection with a reactive power detection device 315 or a current detection device 317, and when performing reactive power compensation or power factor adjustment on the charging device 30, the controller 309 connected to the one bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is used to control the operating states of the multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301.
[0087] In one embodiment, when the charging device 30 includes multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, a controller 309 connected to a first bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 among the multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 establishes a communication connection with a reactive power detection device 315 or a current detection device 317, and controllers 309 connected to each bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 establish a communication connection through a communication bus 313. When performing reactive power compensation or power factor adjustment on the charging device 30, the controller 309 connected to a second bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is used to control the operating states of the multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301.
[0088] It should be noted that the first bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and the second bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 may be the same bidirectional AC-DC circuit or different AC-DC circuits. For specific implementation manners, see the following text.
[0089] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in the above-mentioned multiple embodiments, for the convenience of description, when the charging device 30 includes multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, a controller 309 connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 that is used to control the operating states of all bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 is called a circuit main controller 309.
[0090] In one embodiment, when performing reactive power compensation or power factor adjustment on the charging device 30, controllers 309 connected to each bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 compete through the communication bus 313 to select the circuit main controller 309. For example, controllers 309 connected to each bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 obtain the address numbers or serial numbers sent by controllers 309 connected to other bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 through the communication bus 313, and use the controller 309 corresponding to the smallest address number or the smallest serial number as the circuit main controller 309. In this embodiment, with reference to Figure 4 and Figure 5, the controller 309 connected to the second bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 mentioned above is the main circuit controller 309. The second bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 may or may not coincide with the first bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301, which depends on the final result of the competition of the controllers 309 connected to each bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 through the communication bus 313. The first bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 obtains the detection result of the reactive power detection device 315 or the detection result of the current detection device 317, and sends the detection result to the communication bus 313. When the main circuit controller 309 is not the controller 309 connected to the first bidirectional AC-DC circuit, the main circuit controller 309 obtains the detection result through the communication bus 313 and performs reactive power compensation or active power regulation.
[0091] The scheme of screening out the main circuit controller through the competition mechanism can reduce the dependence on a certain specific controller 309, thereby improving the working stability of the charging device 30. For example, when the controller 309 connected to a bidirectional AC-DC circuit fails, the controllers 309 connected to other bidirectional AC-DC circuits can still screen out the main circuit controller through the competition mechanism, so that the reactive power compensation or power regulation of the charging device 30 can continue, thereby improving the working stability of the charging device 30.
[0092] In one embodiment, among the multiple controllers 309 connected to the multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, the main circuit controller 309 is preset in advance. In this embodiment, with reference to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the main circuit controller 309 establishes a communication connection with the reactive power detection device 315 or the current detection device 317, and when performing reactive power compensation or power factor regulation on the charging device 30, the main circuit controller 309 is used to control the working states of the multiple bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301.
[0093] Compared with the scheme of screening out the main circuit controller through the competition mechanism, the scheme of presetting the main circuit controller in advance can reduce the communication complexity of the charging device 30.
[0094] In the above-mentioned various embodiments, when performing reactive power compensation or power regulation on the charging device 30, the example of the controller connected to one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits controlling the working states of all the bidirectional AC-DC circuits is used for explanation. It can be understood that when the charging device 30 needs to perform reactive power compensation or power factor regulation, the main controller 311 can also control the working states of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, so as to turn on the reactive power compensation function or the power factor regulation function. That is to say, the main controller 311 can receive the above-mentioned power parameters and control the working states of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 according to the power parameters.
[0095] As shown Figure 6 in the figure, it is another structural schematic diagram of the charging device 30 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The charging device 30 further includes a DC bus 321. Each AC-DC circuit in one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301 and one or more unidirectional bidirectional AC-DC circuits 303 is connected to each unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 in a plurality of unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 through the DC bus 321.
[0096] In the case where the charging device 30 includes a DC bus 321, in one embodiment, a bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and a controller 309 connected to the bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 can be encapsulated in a housing to form a bidirectional AC-DC module; in one embodiment, a unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 and a controller 309 connected to the unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 can be encapsulated in a housing to form a unidirectional AC-DC module; in one embodiment, a unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 and a controller ( Figure 5 not shown in the figure) connected to the unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 can be encapsulated in a housing to form a unidirectional DC-DC module; in one embodiment, two unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 and a controller ( Figure 5 not shown in the figure) connected to the two unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 can be encapsulated in a housing to form a unidirectional DC-DC module. The present application does not limit the number of circuits encapsulated in the housing.
[0097] In the case where the charging device 30 does not include a DC bus 321, with reference to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in one embodiment, a bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is connected to a unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305, and the connected bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 and unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 are encapsulated in a housing to form an AC-DC module; in one embodiment, a unidirectional AC-DC circuit 303 is connected to a unidirectional DC-DC circuit 305 and encapsulated in a housing to form an AC-DC module; in one embodiment, a bidirectional AC-DC circuit 301 is connected to two unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305 and encapsulated in a housing to form an AC-DC module. The present application does not limit the corresponding relationship between the number of AC-DC circuits and DC-DC circuits encapsulated in a housing.
[0098] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, it is another schematic structural diagram of the charging device 30 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The charging device 30 includes multiple groups of input terminals 323 and multiple groups of power conversion circuits. Each group of power conversion circuits includes one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits 301, one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits 303, and multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits 305. The multiple groups of input terminals 323 are used to connect to the same AC source 20, and the multiple groups of input terminals 323 and the multiple groups of power conversion circuits are connected in one-to-one correspondence.
[0099] In one embodiment, the charging device includes a current detection device 317. When the input current of the charging device 30 is relatively large, the specification requirements for the current detection device 317 are also relatively high, which is not conducive to the selection of the current detection device 317 and will also result in a relatively high cost of the charging device 30.
[0100] The technical solution provided by the present application can set multiple groups of power conversion circuits in the charging device 30. In this way, the specification of the current detection device 317 for detecting the input current of each group of power conversion circuits is relatively small, which is not only conducive to the selection of the current detection device 317 but also can save the cost of the charging device 30.
[0101] The above are only the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A charging device, characterized in that: The charging device includes one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits, one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits, multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits and one or more charging guns, wherein each of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits and the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits includes an input capacitor, each of the AC-DC circuits is used to connect to the same AC source through the input capacitor, each of the one or more charging guns is used to connect to an electric vehicle, and each of the multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits is used to convert the direct current output from at least one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits and the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits into power and output it to one of the one or more charging guns; wherein, The charging device is used to control the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits and the multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits to not work, and control at least one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work when each of the charging guns is not connected to the electric vehicle.
2. The charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the AC-DC circuits is connected to a controller, and the controller connected to one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits is used to control at least one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work, and the controller connected to one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits is also used to receive power parameters, wherein the power parameters include at least one of the following: The reactive power of each of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits except one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, the input voltage and input current of each of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits except one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, the reactive power of the alternating current input by the charging device, the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, and the input current of each of the AC-DC circuits.
3. The charging device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The charging device also includes a main controller and a communication bus, wherein the main controller is connected to the controller connected to each AC-DC circuit via the communication bus, and the controller connected to each AC-DC circuit communicates with the main controller via the communication bus, and the controllers of each AC-DC circuit also communicate with each other via the communication bus.
4. The charging device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The charging device further comprises a reactive power detection device, and the reactive power detection device is used to detect the reactive power of the alternating current input by the charging device.
5. The charging device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The charging device also includes a current detection device and a voltage detection device, wherein the voltage detection device is used to detect the input voltage of one of the bidirectional AC-DC circuits, and the current detection device is used to detect the sum of the input currents of each of the AC-DC circuits.
6. The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The charging device is also used to adjust the frequency or duty cycle of the switching tube of at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit in the working bidirectional AC-DC circuits, or control the operation of at least one bidirectional AC-DC circuit in the non-working bidirectional AC-DC circuits when the power factor of the charging device is less than a first preset value when the charging gun outputs a charging current, wherein the power factor of the charging device = the active power of the charging device / the apparent power of the charging device. 7 . The charging device according to claim 6 , wherein the first preset value is greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 0.
95.
8. The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The charging device is used to control the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits and the multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits to not work, and control at least one of the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits to work when the reactive power of the charging device is greater than a second preset value when none of the charging guns is connected to the electric vehicle.
9. The charging device according to claim 8, wherein the second preset value is greater than or equal to 500VA and less than or equal to 1000VA.
10. The charging device according to claims 1-9 comprises multiple groups of input terminals and multiple groups of power conversion circuits, each group of power conversion circuits comprises the one or more bidirectional AC-DC circuits, the one or more unidirectional AC-DC circuits and the multiple unidirectional DC-DC circuits, the multiple groups of input terminals are used to connect to the same AC source, and the multiple groups of input terminals and the multiple groups of power conversion circuits are connected one-to-one.