A film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land and a method for improving severe saline-alkali land

Abstract

This invention discloses a mulching device and method for improving severely saline-alkali land, relating to the field of soil improvement technology. The mulching device for improving severely saline-alkali land includes a soil-dividing component, which comprises an upper rotating belt and a lower rotating belt arranged in a horizontal V-shape, with the upper rotating belt rotating in the opposite direction to the lower rotating belt. Both the upper and lower rotating belts are equipped with rake teeth. A first rotating shaft and a first support shaft are respectively installed at both ends of the upper rotating belt, and a second rotating shaft and a second support shaft are respectively installed at both ends of the lower rotating belt. By setting up a soil-dividing component composed of upper and lower rotating belts with opposite rotation directions, and by fixing rake teeth on the upper and lower rotating belts, the soil-dividing component rakes the soil in front of the device upwards and downwards as it moves through the soil in the field, thereby reducing the resistance to the device's movement through the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, specifically to a mulching device and method for improving severely saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are various methods for the treatment of saline-alkali land. However, traditional treatment methods are less effective for severely saline-alkali land, and the treated soil is prone to salt reversion, making it difficult to achieve a real improvement effect. To solve this problem, the existing method is to lay a membrane in the underground soil to isolate the soil to be improved from the underground soil and prevent salt reversion.

[0003] There are two main types of existing mulching methods. One is to dig up the soil to be improved, lay the mulch, and then backfill the soil. The other is to insert the device deep into the soil and use an engineering vehicle to pull the device forward to lay the mulch directly underground. For example, the underground mulching machine for sandy paddy fields proposed in patent CN109287350B uses a frame that can be towed by a tractor and is equipped with a rectangular plate-shaped shovel. The shovel has an angle adjustment mechanism and a throwing roller. Combined with an auger and irregularly shaped plastic film rolls, it can complete the entire process of trenching, mulching, and backfilling in one go.

[0004] However, the above methods still have some problems when laying membranes in severely saline-alkali land. For severely saline-alkali land, the depth of membrane laying needs to be increased. For the first method, the amount of soil that needs to be excavated increases significantly, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For the second method, when the device moves forward in the deep soil, it will encounter great resistance, making membrane laying difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a membrane laying device and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mulching device for improving severely saline-alkali land, comprising: a soil separating component, the soil separating component including an upper rotating belt and a lower rotating belt, the upper rotating belt and the lower rotating belt being arranged in a horizontal V-shape, and the upper rotating belt rotating in the opposite direction to the lower rotating belt, and rake teeth being fixed on both the upper rotating belt and the lower rotating belt; a first rotating shaft and a first support shaft are respectively installed at both ends of the upper rotating belt, and a second rotating shaft and a second support shaft are respectively installed at both ends of the lower rotating belt; an inner frame component, the inner frame component being disposed on the side of the soil separating component, the inner frame component including: an upper plate, the upper plate being located within the inner frame. The upper end of the assembly has a first support shaft rotatably mounted on one end of the upper plate; a lower plate is located at the lower end of the inner frame assembly, and a second support shaft is rotatably mounted on one end of the lower plate; a support column is vertically fixed on the lower plate, and the upper plate is slidably mounted on the support column in the vertical direction; a lifting plate is located between the upper and lower plates, and is slidably mounted on the support column in the vertical direction, with the first and second rotary shafts slidably mounted on one end of the lifting plate in the horizontal direction; and a lifting mechanism is mounted on the inner frame assembly, capable of driving the upper plate and the lifting plate to rise or fall simultaneously in the vertical direction.

[0007] Furthermore, a sliding plate is slidably mounted on one end of the lifting plate near the soil separating component, and the first and second rotary shafts are rotatably mounted on the sliding plate after passing through the lifting plate; it also includes a drive assembly mounted on the lifting plate, the drive assembly comprising: a drive shaft rotatably mounted on the lifting plate; a positioning shaft rotatably mounted on the sliding plate; the drive shaft drives the first rotary shaft and the positioning shaft to rotate via a first drive belt; a second gear is fixedly mounted on the positioning shaft, and a first gear is fixedly mounted at one end of the second rotary shaft, the second gear meshing with the first gear; and a pull-back shaft slidably mounted on the lifting plate in a horizontal direction, the pull-back shaft being used to pull a portion of the first drive belt between the first rotary shaft and the positioning shaft toward the drive shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, a third threaded rod is rotatably provided on the lifting plate, the axis of the third threaded rod being parallel to the length direction of the lifting plate, and the third threaded rod being threadedly connected to one end of the sliding plate so that the sliding plate moves when the third threaded rod rotates; a second threaded rod is rotatably provided on the lifting plate, the axis of the second threaded rod being parallel to the third threaded rod, and the second threaded rod being threadedly connected to one end of the pull-back shaft so that the pull-back shaft moves when the second threaded rod rotates.

[0009] Furthermore, both the upper and lower rotary belts are provided with perforations; a bidirectional helical blade is provided between the upper and lower rotary belts, the bidirectional helical blade is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate, and the bidirectional helical blade is connected to the drive shaft via a second drive belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a scissor lift assembly, one end of which is hinged to the lower plate and the other end of which is hinged to the upper plate, with the central hinge point of the scissor lift assembly mounted on the lifting plate; the lifting mechanism also includes: a lifting rod, one end of which is hinged to the lifting plate; a connecting block, which is slidably mounted on the lower plate, with the other end of the lifting rod hinged to the connecting block; and a first threaded rod, which is rotatably mounted on the lower plate and threadedly connected to the connecting block, and which, when rotated, can drive the connecting block to move horizontally.

[0011] Furthermore, a mounting plate is provided on the side of the support column away from the lifting plate, and the mounting plate is fixed to the lifting plate; a membrane roll is provided between the upper plate and the lower plate, and the membrane roll is mounted on the mounting plate through a support shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure roller is rotatably provided on the lower plate, which guides the mulch film extending from the film roll; an elastic component is provided on the lower plate, which presses down on the pressure roller; and a nail tooth is fixed at the end of the mulch film extending from the film roll, the length of the nail tooth protruding from the mulch film not exceeding the thickness of the mulch film.

[0013] Furthermore, both ends of the inner frame assembly are provided with isolation components, and the isolation component at the end away from the soil separating component has a certain gap with the lower plate to allow the mulch film to pass through; the isolation component includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, which are respectively fixed on the upper plate and the lower plate, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate have an overlapping area in the vertical direction.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an outer frame assembly mounted on an inner frame assembly. The outer frame assembly includes: a diagonal brace fixed to the inner frame assembly at the end away from the soil separating component, and the diagonal brace is inclined towards the side closer to the soil separating component; a support wheel located at the end of the soil separating component away from the inner frame assembly, the support wheel being connected to the diagonal brace via a front fork rod, and the front fork rod being inclined towards the side away from the support wheel; and a pressure rod, one end of which is fixed to the front fork rod, and the other end of which is fixed to the inner frame assembly at the end closer to the soil separating component.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, applicable to a film-laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Conduct soil surveys and engineering investigations on the plot to be transformed to obtain physical and chemical indicators such as soil permeability, bulk density, groundwater level, and soil salinity. Based on the survey and test results, determine the thickness and burial depth of the mulch film.

[0017] Step 2: Level the land plot to be renovated, dig an irrigation canal at one end of the plot and a drainage ditch at the other end, and use a trenching machine to dig shallow trenches at equal intervals on the plot along the direction perpendicular to the drainage ditch.

[0018] Step 3: Adjust the spacing between the upper and lower plates according to the burial depth of the mulch film to adjust the angle of the soil separating components, and lay the horizontal mulch film using the mulch film laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land.

[0019] Step 4: Collect the soil from the shallow trench and backfill it onto the surface of the plot. Then, lay an overlap membrane on the upper surface of the horizontal membrane in the shallow trench.

[0020] Step 5: Lay vertical membrane around the plot of land to be renovated to form a closed area.

[0021] Step Six: Place drainage material in the shallow ditch, with both ends of the drainage material extending into the irrigation canal and the drainage ditch, respectively;

[0022] Step 7: Irrigate and rinse the land in the renovation area, and drain the water through drainage ditches.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The soil-separating device for improving severely saline-alkali land is equipped with a soil-separating component consisting of an upper rotating belt and a lower rotating belt with opposite rotation directions. The upper rotating belt and the lower rotating belt are fixed with rake teeth. When the device moves forward in the soil of the field, the soil-separating component rakes the soil in front of it to the upper and lower sides, thereby reducing the resistance of the device moving forward in the soil. In addition, there are drainage holes on both the upper rotating belt and the lower rotating belt. When the soil-separating component rotates, some soil can enter the angle formed by the upper rotating belt and the lower rotating belt through the drainage holes. The soil is discharged from both sides of the soil-separating component into the shallow ditch by the internal bidirectional spiral blades, so as to further reduce the resistance when the load moves forward.

[0025] (2) The soil-separating and mulching device for improving severely saline-alkali land is equipped with a soil-separating component, an inner frame component and a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism can adjust the distance between the bottom plate and the top plate, as well as the angle of the soil-separating component. When it is necessary to mulch shallow soil, the angle of the soil-separating component can be increased to increase the contact area between the soil-separating component and the soil in the vertical direction, thereby increasing the tillage depth of the soil when mulching shallow soil. When it is necessary to mulch deep soil, the angle of the soil-separating component can be reduced so that the soil-separating component can travel through the soil at a smaller angle, reducing the resistance of the device traveling through the soil.

[0026] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the inner frame component and the soil separating component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a side view of the inner frame component and the soil separating component of the present invention in action;

[0031] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of area B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of area A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the drive component and the lifting plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting plate part of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the drive shaft and the bidirectional helical blades and the inner frame assembly of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of area C;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the lifting mechanism and the inner frame assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a rear view of the inner frame assembly in conjunction with the membrane roll and lifting assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the fit between the membrane roll isolation assembly and the inner frame assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 (a) in the diagram is a schematic diagram of membrane roll loading when the distance between the lower and upper plates is small. Figure 15(b) in the diagram is a schematic diagram of membrane roll loading when the distance between the lower and upper plates is large;

[0042] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 13 Enlarged diagram of area D in the middle;

[0043] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the multilayer mulch film and the pressing roller of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 18 For the present invention Figure 14 Enlarged diagram of area E in the middle;

[0045] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between irrigation canals, drainage ditches, and shallow ditches in the field of this invention;

[0046] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram showing the laying positions of the horizontal membrane and the overlapping membrane of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram showing the laying positions of the horizontal and vertical membranes of the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram, 1. Support wheel; 2. Diagonal tie rod; 3. Front fork rod; 4. Downward pressure rod; 5. Traction rod; 6. Crossbar; 7. Diagonal frame; 8. Upper plate; 9. Lower plate; 10. Lifting plate; 101. First chute; 102. Second chute; 103. Third chute; 11. Support column; 111. First vertical groove; 112. Second vertical groove; 12. Upper rotary belt; 13. Lower rotary belt; 14. Rake teeth; 15. Leakage hole; 16. First rotary shaft; 17. Second rotary shaft; 171. First gear; 18. First support shaft; 181. Second support shaft; 19. Bidirectional spiral blade; 20. Drive shaft; 21. First drive belt; 22. Positioning shaft; 221. Second gear; 23. Pull-back shaft. ; 231, First guide rod; 232, First spring; 24, Lifting rod; 25, First threaded rod; 27, Connecting block; 28, Scissor lift assembly; 281, Scissor lift rod; 282, Compensating rod; 29, Sliding plate; 30, Second threaded rod; 31, Third threaded rod; 32, Film roll; 321, Ground film; 33, Horizontal shaft; 34, Pressing roller; 35, Second spring; 36, Second guide rod; 37, Spike tooth; 38, Upper cover plate; 381, Insert strip; 39, Lower cover plate; 391, Third vertical groove; 40, Mounting plate; 41, Second drive belt; 42, C-shaped plate; 43, Horizontal film; 44, Overlapping film; 45, Vertical film; 46, Irrigation canal; 47, Drainage ditch; 48, Shallow ditch. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0051] The following reference Figure 1 - Figure 21 This invention describes a membrane laying device and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] On the one hand, the present invention provides a membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land.

[0053] Please see Figures 1-5 The soil-separating device for improving severely saline-alkali land includes a soil-separating component, which comprises an upper rotating belt 12 and a lower rotating belt 13. The upper rotating belt 12 and lower rotating belt 13 are arranged in a horizontal V-shape, meaning they are symmetrically arranged horizontally and located at the tip of the V-shape in the direction of the device's forward movement. The upper rotating belt 12 rotates in the opposite direction to the lower rotating belt 13. Rake teeth 14 are fixed on both the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13, so that as the device moves through the soil in the field, the soil-separating component will... The soil is raked upwards and downwards, thereby reducing the resistance of the device moving forward in the soil. The rake teeth 14 on the upper rotary belt 12 and the rake teeth 14 on the lower rotary belt 13 overlap in the outer contour area they pass through when rotating, thus avoiding dead angles at the front end of the soil separating component. In order to avoid the rake teeth 14 from hitting each other when rotating, the rake teeth 14 on the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 are the same. When rotating, the rake teeth 14 on the upper rotary belt 12 can be inserted between the two rake teeth 14 on the lower rotary belt 13.

[0054] Furthermore, a first rotating shaft 16 and a first support shaft 18 are respectively installed at both ends of the upper rotating belt 12, and a second rotating shaft 17 and a second support shaft 181 are respectively installed at both ends of the lower rotating belt 13. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5The first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 are located at the adjacent ends of the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13, and their axes are on the same straight line in the vertical direction. The first support shaft 18 and the second support shaft 181 are located at the opposite ends of the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13, and their axes are on the same straight line in the vertical direction.

[0055] In addition, it also includes an inner frame assembly, which is located on the side of the soil distribution assembly. The inner frame assembly includes an upper plate 8, which is located at the upper end of the inner frame assembly. A first support shaft 18 is rotatably installed on one end of the upper plate 8. A lower plate 9 is provided at the lower end of the inner frame assembly. The lower plate 9 is the lowest point of the device. A second support shaft 181 is rotatably installed on one end of the lower plate 9.

[0056] Furthermore, a support column 11 is fixedly installed on the lower plate 9. At least one support column 11 is installed on each side of the soil separating component. The upper plate 8 is slidably installed on the support column 11 in the vertical direction. Specifically, a first vertical groove 111 is opened on the upper side of the support column 11. The side wall of the upper plate 8 can cooperate with the first vertical groove 111 by fixing a sliding rod or a slider. Multiple support columns 11 can be set to provide stable support for the upper plate 8.

[0057] Furthermore, a lifting plate 10 is provided between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9. There are two sets of lifting plates 10, located on both sides of the soil separating component. The lifting plates 10 are slidably installed on the support column 11 in the vertical direction. Specifically, a second vertical groove 112 is provided on the lower side of the support column 11. The side wall of the lifting plate 10 can also be provided with a sliding rod or a sliding block to cooperate with the first vertical groove 111. The first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 are slidably installed on one end of the lifting plate 10 in the horizontal direction.

[0058] Furthermore, a lifting mechanism is also installed on the inner frame assembly. The lifting mechanism can drive the upper plate 8 and the lifting plate 10 to rise or fall vertically at the same time. Since the upper rotary belt 12 is connected to the upper plate 8 through the first support shaft 18 and the lower rotary belt 13 is connected to the lower plate 9 through the second support shaft 181, the angle between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 also changes. For example, when the lifting mechanism drives the lifting plate 10 to rise, it also drives the upper plate 8 to move upward, thereby increasing the vertical distance between the first support shaft 18 and the second support shaft 181. The first rotary shaft 16 and the second rotary shaft 17 move horizontally toward the first support shaft 18, thereby increasing the angle between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13.

[0059] In this implementation scheme, when it is necessary to lay the mulch film 321 in shallow soil, the distance between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 can be increased to increase the angle between the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13. When laying the film, the upper plate 8 can be located above the surface of the plot. At this time, the support column 11 and the lifting assembly are located in the shallow ditches 48 on both sides of the plot (in conjunction with...). Figure 20 The soil-separating component, upper plate 8, and lower plate 9 span the entire field and are longer than the width of the field. When the upper rotating belt 12 rotates, it uses the rake teeth 14 to rake some soil onto the upper plate 8 and then it falls to the rear of the device. When the lower rotating belt 13 rotates, it uses the rake teeth 14 to rake some soil onto the lower plate 9. The remaining soil falls into the shallow ditches 48 on both sides. After the film is laid, the soil in the shallow ditches 48 can be collected and backfilled onto the field. By increasing the included angle of the soil-separating component, the contact area between the soil-separating component and the soil in the vertical direction can be increased, thereby increasing the tillage depth of the soil when the device lays film in shallow soil.

[0060] When it is necessary to lay a membrane in deep soil, the distance between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 can be reduced, thereby reducing the angle between the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13. During the membrane laying, the upper plate 8 can be located in the soil, and the soil separating component can travel in the soil at a smaller angle, thereby further reducing the resistance of the device traveling in the soil. At this time, the height between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 is also reduced to adapt to the change in the angle of the soil separating component.

[0061] Combination Figures 6-8 To facilitate the rotation of the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13, a sliding plate 29 is slidably installed at one end of the lifting plate 10 near the soil distribution component. The sliding plate 29 can move in the horizontal direction. The first rotary shaft 16 and the second rotary shaft 17 pass through the lifting plate 10 and are rotatably installed on the sliding plate 29. Specifically, a first groove 101 and a second groove 102 are provided on the lifting plate 10. The first rotary shaft 16 and the second rotary shaft 17 pass through the first groove 101 and the second groove 102 respectively, so that when the first rotary shaft 16 and the second rotary shaft 17 move in the horizontal direction with the sliding plate 29, they can slide in the first groove 101 and the second groove 102 respectively.

[0062] In addition, a drive assembly is provided, which is mounted on the lifting plate 10. The drive assembly includes a drive shaft 20, which is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate 10. The drive shaft 20 is driven by an external drive device. It should be noted that since the drive shaft 20 is mounted on the lifting plate 10, the vertical position of the lifting plate 10 will change in different usage scenarios. At this time, the distance between the drive shaft 20 and the output shaft of the external drive device will also change. To solve this problem, a transmission belt of appropriate length can be selected for each use, or a tensioning pulley can be set to compensate for the change in distance.

[0063] Furthermore, the drive assembly also includes a positioning shaft 22, which is rotatably mounted on the sliding plate 29. The drive shaft 20 drives the first rotary shaft 16 and the positioning shaft 22 to rotate via the first drive belt 21.

[0064] In addition, in order to make the rotation directions of the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 opposite, a second gear 221 is fixed on the positioning shaft 22, and a first gear 171 is fixed at one end of the second rotating shaft 17. The second gear 221 meshes with the first gear 171, so that when the positioning shaft 22 rotates, it drives the second rotating shaft 17 to rotate in the opposite direction to the first rotating shaft 16.

[0065] Furthermore, when the sliding plate 29 moves horizontally, it will drive the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 to move synchronously, thereby changing the distance between the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 and the drive shaft 20. In order to compensate for the change in distance between them, a pull-back shaft 23 is provided. The pull-back shaft 23 is slidably installed on the lifting plate 10 in the horizontal direction. The pull-back shaft 23 is used to pull the part of the first drive belt 21 between the first rotating shaft 16 and the positioning shaft 22 toward the drive shaft 20. In order to improve the stability of the pull-back shaft 23, a first guide rod 231 can be installed on one side of the lifting plate 10. A third slide groove 103 is opened on the lifting plate 10. One end of the pull-back shaft 23 passes through the third slide groove 103 and is slidably connected to the first guide rod 231. A first spring 232 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the first guide rod 231. The first spring 232 always applies a thrust to the pull-back shaft 23.

[0066] Combination Figures 6-8 and Figure 20 To lock or adjust the positions of the sliding plate 29 and the pull-back shaft 23, a third threaded rod 31 is rotatably provided on the lifting plate 10. The axis of the third threaded rod 31 is parallel to the length direction of the lifting plate 10. The third threaded rod 31 is threaded to one end of the sliding plate 29 so that the sliding plate 29 moves when the third threaded rod 31 rotates. In addition, a second threaded rod 30 is rotatably provided on the lifting plate 10. The axis of the second threaded rod 30 is parallel to the third threaded rod 31. The second threaded rod 30 is threaded to one end of the pull-back shaft 23 so that the pull-back shaft 23 moves when the second threaded rod 30 rotates. For example, when the upper plate 8 and the lifting plate 10 approach the lower plate 9, in order to keep the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 still in a taut state, the first rotary shaft 16 and the second rotary shaft 17 need to move away from the drive shaft 20. At this time, the position of the sliding plate 29 in the horizontal direction can be adjusted by rotating the third threaded rod 31, and the position of the pull-back shaft 23 needs to be adjusted synchronously by rotating the second threaded rod 30.

[0067] Combination Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 In order to further reduce the resistance of the soil separating component when it travels through the soil, drainage holes 15 are provided on both the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13. When the soil separating component rotates, some soil can enter the angle formed by the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13 through the drainage holes 15.

[0068] Furthermore, a bidirectional spiral blade 19 is provided between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13. The bidirectional spiral blade 19 is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate 10. The drive shaft 20 drives the bidirectional spiral blade 19 to rotate through the second drive belt 41. The bidirectional spiral blade 19 is used to discharge the soil inside the angle formed by the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 from both sides of the soil separating component into the shallow ditch 48. It should be noted that when the first guide rod 231 and the first spring 232 are installed, a chamfered plate 42 needs to be provided on one side of the lifting plate 10, and the two ends of the bidirectional spiral blade 19 are rotatably mounted on the chamfered plate 42.

[0069] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The lifting mechanism includes a scissor lift assembly 28. One end of the scissor lift assembly 28 is hinged to the lower plate 9, and the other end is hinged to the upper plate 8. The central hinge point of the scissor lift assembly 28 is mounted on the lifting plate 10. Specifically, the scissor lift assembly 28 consists of scissor lifts 281 and compensating rods 282. There are two scissor lifts 281, which are arranged crosswise, and the intersection of the two is the central hinge point. There are four compensating rods 282, which are respectively hinged to the ends of the two scissor lifts 281. All the compensating rods 282 are inclined towards the central hinge point. The two compensating rods 282 located on the lower side of the scissor lift assembly 28 are hinged to the lower plate 9, and the two compensating rods 282 located on the upper side of the scissor lift assembly 28 are hinged to the upper plate 8.

[0070] In addition, the lifting mechanism also includes a lifting rod 24, one end of which is hinged to the lifting plate 10. The lifting rod 24 is arranged at an angle, and a connecting block 27 is slidably installed on the lower plate 9. The other end of the lifting rod 24 is hinged to the connecting block 27. In order to facilitate driving the connecting block 27 to drive the lifting rod 24 to rotate, a first threaded rod 25 is rotatably installed on the lower plate 9, and the first threaded rod 25 is threadedly connected to the connecting block 27. Rotating the first threaded rod 25 can drive the connecting block 27 to move in the horizontal direction to adjust the tilt angle of the lifting rod 24, thereby changing the distance between the two ends of the lifting rod 24 in the vertical direction, and then adjusting the height of the lifting plate 10. When the height of the lifting plate 10 changes, the height of the central hinge point of the scissor assembly 28 also changes accordingly, thereby driving the upper plate 8 to move in the vertical direction through the scissor assembly 28.

[0071] In this embodiment, multiple lifting rods 24 can be provided to improve the stability of the lifting plate 10 under force. In the figure, two lifting rods 24 are provided, and the two lifting rods 24 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical plane. In order to facilitate the simultaneous driving of the two lifting rods 24, the first threaded rod 25 is set as a bidirectional threaded rod.

[0072] Combination Figures 13-15To facilitate the placement of the membrane roll 32 between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, an mounting plate 40 is provided on the side of the support column 11 away from the lifting plate 10. The mounting plate 40 is fixed on the lifting plate 10 and moves vertically together with the lifting plate 10. The membrane roll 32 is placed between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 and is mounted on the mounting plate 40 via a horizontal shaft 33. Multiple membrane rolls 32 can be provided and arranged horizontally between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8. The number of membrane rolls 32 can be adjusted according to the distance between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8. Specifically, when the distance between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8 is large, a membrane roll 32 with a larger diameter can be used and the number of membrane rolls 32 loaded can be reduced. When the distance between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8 is small, a membrane roll 32 with a smaller diameter can be used and the number of membrane rolls 32 loaded can be increased for ease of use. The membrane roll 32 is formed by winding the ground film 321.

[0073] In addition, combined Figure 14 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 To enable multiple membrane rolls 32 to work together, a pressure roller 34 is rotatably mounted on the lower plate 9. The mulch film 321 is pulled out from the area between the pressure roller 34 and the lower plate 9. The number of pressure rollers 34 is the same as the number of membrane rolls 32. The pressure rollers 34 guide the mulch film 321 extending from the membrane rolls 32. Before use, a portion of each membrane roll 32 is pressed under the pressure roller 34 furthest from the soil-shaping assembly, and these layers are stacked. An elastic assembly is provided on the lower plate 9, which presses down on the pressure rollers 34. Specifically, the elastic assembly consists of a second guide rod 36 and a second spring 35. One end of the roller 34 is slidably mounted on the second guide rod 36, and the second spring 35 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the second guide rod 36 and always applies downward pressure to the pressure roller 34. A nail tooth 37 is fixed at the end of the mulch film 321 extending from the film roll 32. The length of the nail tooth 37 protruding from the mulch film 321 is not greater than the thickness of the mulch film 321. When a film roll 32 is about to be used up, the part with the nail tooth 37 at its end passes through the pressure roller 34. The pressure roller 34 presses the nail tooth 37 into the next layer of mulch film 321, so that when the upper layer of mulch film 321 is pulled out by the soil, it can drive the lower layer of mulch film 321 to move.

[0074] Combination Figure 14 and Figure 18To prevent soil from entering the area between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 and obstructing the rotation of the membrane roll 32, isolation components are provided at both ends of the inner frame assembly. The isolation component at the end away from the soil separating component has a certain gap with the lower plate 9 to allow the mulch film 321 to pass through. Specifically, the isolation component includes an upper cover plate 38 and a lower cover plate 39, which are fixed on the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 respectively, and the upper cover plate 38 and the lower cover plate 39 have an overlapping area in the vertical direction. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the placement of the membrane roll 32 between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, it is preferable that the isolation component at the end away from the soil separating component is detachably installed on the inner frame assembly.

[0075] Optionally, in order to improve the stability of the upper cover plate 38 and the lower cover plate 39 during the sliding process, an insert 381 is fixed on the upper cover plate 38, and a third vertical groove 391 is opened on the lower cover plate 39. The insert 381 can be inserted into the third vertical groove 391 and slide along the third vertical groove 391.

[0076] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 To facilitate the movement of the device through the soil of the field, an outer frame assembly is also installed on the inner frame assembly. There are two sets of outer frame assemblies, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the soil separating assembly. To facilitate the installation of the outer frame assembly, a crossbeam 6 is also fixed on the inner frame assembly. The crossbeam 6 is horizontally installed on multiple support columns 11. An inclined frame 7 is also provided. One end of the inclined frame 7 is fixed to the lower plate 9, and the other end is fixed to the crossbeam 6. The outer frame assembly includes an inclined tie rod 2, which is fixed on the inner frame assembly at the end away from the soil separating assembly. The inclined tie rod 2 is inclined towards the side closer to the soil separating assembly. A traction rod 5 can be set between the upper ends of the two inclined tie rods 2. The traction rod 5 is used to connect with the engineering vehicle to drive the device forward. When the device moves forward, the traction rod 5 is located above the surface of the field.

[0077] In addition, to prevent the mulch film 321 from being laid to the specified depth due to changes in height during the device's forward movement, a support wheel 1 is provided at the end of the soil-separating component away from the inner frame component. The support wheel 1 is connected to the inclined tie rod 2 via a front fork rod 3, and the front fork rod 3 is tilted towards the side away from the support wheel 1. A downward pressure rod 4 is also provided, with one end of the downward pressure rod 4 fixed to the front fork rod 3 and the other end of the downward pressure rod 4 fixed to the end of the inner frame component near the soil-separating component, thereby preventing the device from moving up or down during its forward movement.

[0078] During use (operation), the lifting mechanism is driven by rotating the first threaded rod 25 to adjust the lifting plate 10 and the upper plate 8 to the required positions. During this process, the second threaded rod 30 is rotated to adjust the sliding plate 29 to adjust the positions of the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17. At the same time, the third threaded rod 31 is rotated to adjust the position of the pull-back shaft 23 so that the first drive belt 21 adapts to the change in distance between the first rotating shaft 16, the second rotating shaft 17 and the drive shaft 20. Then, the membrane roll 32 is inserted between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8. After completion, the outer frame assembly is pulled by the engineering vehicle, thereby driving the device forward in the soil of the field. At the same time, the drive shaft 20 is driven to rotate by the external drive device so that the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13 rotate in opposite directions, separating the soil in the forward direction. Some soil enters the angle formed by the upper rotating belt 12 and the lower rotating belt 13 through the hole 15, and is pushed out from both sides of the soil separating assembly into the shallow ditch 48 by the bidirectional spiral blades 19.

[0079] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, applicable to a film-laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land, combined with Figures 19-21 This includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Conduct soil surveys and engineering investigations on the plot to be transformed to obtain physical and chemical indicators such as soil permeability, bulk density, groundwater level and soil salinity. Based on the survey and test results, determine the thickness and burial depth of the geomembrane 321. The geomembrane 321 is preferably a composite geomembrane, that is, a composite geomembrane consisting of polyethylene as the membrane material and geotextile as the substrate.

[0081] Step 2: Level the land plot to be renovated, dig an irrigation canal 46 at one end of the plot and a drainage ditch 47 at the other end, and use a trenching machine to dig shallow trenches 48 at equal intervals on the plot along the direction perpendicular to the drainage ditch 47.

[0082] Step 3: Adjust the spacing between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 according to the burial depth of the mulch film 321 to adjust the angle of the soil separating components. When it is necessary to lay the mulch film 321 in shallow soil, increase the angle of the soil separating components. When it is necessary to lay the mulch film 321 in deep soil, decrease the angle of the soil separating components. Then, load a sufficient amount of film roll 32 between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9, and lay the horizontal film 43 through the severe saline-alkali land improvement film laying device. During the movement of the device, some soil is pushed to the shallow trench 48 by the bidirectional spiral blades 19.

[0083] Step 4: Clear the soil in the shallow ditch 48 and backfill the soil onto the surface of the field. Then, lay the overlapping film 44 on the upper surface of the horizontal film 43, with both ends of the overlapping film 44 overlapping the adjacent horizontal film 43.

[0084] Step 5: Lay vertical membrane 45 around the plot of land to be renovated. The vertical membrane 45 also has an overlap with the horizontal membrane 43, so that the plot of land to be renovated forms a closed area.

[0085] Step 6: Place drainage material in shallow ditch 48, with both ends of the drainage material extending into irrigation canal 46 and drainage ditch 47 respectively;

[0086] Step 7: Irrigate and wash the land in the renovation area, and drain the water through drainage ditch 47.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0088] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land, characterized in that, include: The soil separating component includes an upper rotating belt (12) and a lower rotating belt (13). The upper rotating belt (12) and the lower rotating belt (13) are arranged in a horizontal V-shape, and the upper rotating belt (12) rotates in the opposite direction to the lower rotating belt (13). Both the upper rotating belt (12) and the lower rotating belt (13) are fixed with rake teeth (14). The upper rotary belt (12) is equipped with a first rotary shaft (16) and a first support shaft (18) at both ends, and the lower rotary belt (13) is equipped with a second rotary shaft (17) and a second support shaft (181) at both ends. An inner frame component, located on the side of the soil distribution component, includes: The upper plate (8) is located at the upper end of the inner frame assembly, and the first support shaft (18) is rotatably mounted on one end of the upper plate (8); The lower plate (9) is located at the lower end of the inner frame assembly, and the second support shaft (181) is rotatably mounted on one end of the lower plate (9). Support column (11), the support column (11) is vertically fixed on the lower plate (9), and the upper plate (8) is slidably installed on the support column (11) in the vertical direction; Lifting plate (10), the lifting plate (10) is located between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9), and the lifting plate (10) is slidably installed on the support column (11) in the vertical direction, and the first rotating shaft (16) and the second rotating shaft (17) are slidably installed on one end of the lifting plate (10) in the horizontal direction; The lifting mechanism is installed on the inner frame assembly and can drive the upper plate (8) and the lifting plate (10) to rise or fall in the vertical direction at the same time. The lifting plate (10) has a sliding plate (29) slidably installed at one end near the soil separating component. The first rotating shaft (16) and the second rotating shaft (17) pass through the lifting plate (10) and are rotatably installed on the sliding plate (29). It also includes a drive assembly mounted on the lifting plate (10), the drive assembly comprising: A drive shaft (20) is rotatably mounted on a lifting plate (10); Positioning shaft (22), which is rotatably mounted on sliding plate (29); The drive shaft (20) drives the first rotary shaft (16) and the positioning shaft (22) to rotate via the first drive belt (21); A second gear (221) is fixed on the positioning shaft (22), and a first gear (171) is fixed at one end of the second rotating shaft (17). The second gear (221) meshes with the first gear (171). Pull-back shaft (23), which is slidably mounted on the lifting plate (10) in the horizontal direction, is used to pull the portion of the first drive belt (21) between the first rotary shaft (16) and the positioning shaft (22) toward the drive shaft (20). The lifting plate (10) is rotatably provided with a third threaded rod (31), the axis of the third threaded rod (31) is parallel to the length direction of the lifting plate (10), and the third threaded rod (31) is threadedly connected to one end of the sliding plate (29) so that the sliding plate (29) moves when the third threaded rod (31) rotates. The lifting plate (10) is rotatably provided with a second threaded rod (30), the axis of the second threaded rod (30) is parallel to the third threaded rod (31), and one end of the second threaded rod (30) is threadedly connected to the pull-back shaft (23) so that the pull-back shaft (23) moves when the second threaded rod (30) rotates; Both the upper rotary belt (12) and the lower rotary belt (13) are provided with leakage holes (15); A bidirectional helical blade (19) is provided between the upper rotary belt (12) and the lower rotary belt (13). The bidirectional helical blade (19) is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate (10). The bidirectional helical blade (19) is connected to the drive shaft (20) through a second drive belt (41).

2. The membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a scissor lift assembly (28), one end of which is hinged to the lower plate (9), and the other end of which is hinged to the upper plate (8). The central hinge point of the scissor lift assembly (28) is mounted on the lifting plate (10). The lifting mechanism also includes: A lifting rod (24), one end of which is hinged to a lifting plate (10); Connecting block (27), which is slidably mounted on the lower plate (9), and the other end of the lifting rod (24) is hinged to the connecting block (27); The first threaded rod (25) is rotatably mounted on the lower plate (9) and is threadedly connected to the connecting block (27). When the first threaded rod (25) rotates, it can drive the connecting block (27) to move in the horizontal direction.

3. The membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support column (11) is provided with a mounting plate (40) on the side away from the lifting plate (10), and the mounting plate (40) is fixed on the lifting plate (10); A membrane roll (32) is provided between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9), and the membrane roll (32) is mounted on the mounting plate (40) via a support shaft (33).

4. The membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure roller (34) is rotatably mounted on the lower plate (9), and the pressure roller (34) guides the mulch film extending from the film roll (32); The lower plate (9) is provided with an elastic component, which exerts a downward pressure on the pressure roller (34); The end of the mulch film extending from the film roll (32) is fixed with nail teeth (37), and the length of the nail teeth (37) protruding from the mulch film is no greater than the thickness of the mulch film.

5. The membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the inner frame assembly are provided with isolation components. The isolation component at the end away from the soil separating component has a certain gap with the lower plate (9) so that the mulch film can pass through. The isolation assembly includes an upper cover (38) and a lower cover (39), which are fixed on an upper plate (8) and a lower plate (9) respectively, and the upper cover (38) and the lower cover (39) have an overlapping area in the vertical direction.

6. The membrane laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an outer frame component, which is mounted on the inner frame component, and the outer frame component includes: A tie rod (2) is fixed to one end of the inner frame assembly away from the soil dividing assembly, and the tie rod (2) is inclined toward the side closer to the soil dividing assembly; Support wheel (1), the support wheel (1) is located at one end of the soil separating component away from the inner frame component, the support wheel (1) is connected to the tie rod (2) by a front fork rod (3), and the front fork rod (3) is inclined toward the side away from the support wheel (1); The lower pressure rod (4) has one end fixed to the front fork rod (3) and the other end fixed to the inner frame assembly near the soil distribution assembly.

7. A method for improving severely saline-alkali land, applicable to the mulching apparatus for improving severely saline-alkali land as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct soil surveys and engineering investigations on the plot to be transformed to obtain physicochemical indicators such as soil permeability, bulk density, groundwater level, and soil salinity. Based on the survey and test results, determine the thickness and burial depth of the mulch film. Step 2: Level the land plot to be renovated, dig an irrigation canal (46) at one end of the plot and a drainage ditch (47) at the other end, and use a trenching machine to dig shallow trenches (48) at equal intervals on the plot along the direction perpendicular to the drainage ditch (47). Step 3: Adjust the spacing between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9) according to the burial depth of the mulch film to adjust the angle of the soil separating components, and lay the horizontal mulch film (43) through the mulch film laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land. Step 4: Collect the soil from the shallow trench (48) and backfill it onto the surface of the plot. Then lay an overlapping membrane (44) on the upper surface of the horizontal membrane (43) in the shallow trench (48). Step 5: Lay vertical membrane (45) around the plot of land to be renovated to form a closed area; Step 6: Place drainage material in the shallow ditch (48), with both ends of the drainage material extending into the irrigation canal (46) and the drainage ditch (47) respectively; Step 7: Irrigate and rinse the land in the renovation area and drain the water through the drainage ditch (47).

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