Movable sand barrier wind and sand protection system, construction method thereof and wind and sand protection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable sand barrier wind and sand protection system, a construction method of the movable sand barrier wind and sand protection system and a wind and sand protection method. The movable sand barrier wind and sand protection system comprises a first movable sand barrier unit, a second movable sand barrier unit and a third movable sand barrier unit which are sequentially arranged in the main wind direction, and the first movable sand barrier unit comprises a plurality of concentric wavy movable sand barriers which are sequentially arranged in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction; the second movable sand barrier unit comprises a plurality of groups of concentric wavy movable sand barriers which are arranged on the ground in a dot matrix manner, each group of concentric wavy movable sand barriers comprises three concentric wavy movable sand barriers which are arranged on the ground in a triangular manner, and the third movable sand barrier unit comprises a plurality of grid movable sand barriers; and the plurality of grid movable sand barriers are connected with one another and are distributed on the ground in a net shape. The movable sand barrier sand wind protection system provided by the invention has a three-dimensional wind resistance and sand storage structure, and can maintain and expand the original sand barrier pattern all around, thereby effectively reducing the sand control cost and improving the sand control effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment governance, and particularly relates to a live sand barrier wind and sand protection system, a construction method thereof, and a wind and sand protection method. Background Art

[0002] The live sand barrier is planted on mobile sandy land. By means of the naturally generated foliage density and height of suitable and excellent sand-growing shrubs, living plants are arranged in strips or grids to form a fence-like sand barrier, and multiple layers are set up to reduce wind force, deposit passing sand, reduce the wind and sand damage in the protected area, and at the same time protect the fragile water balance of the sandy land between the barriers. It has the characteristics of low water consumption (low coverage) and low-cost biological control.

[0003] Currently, the plant species suitable for use as live sand barriers include Salix psammophila, Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia desertorum, Amorpha fruticosa, Calligonum mongolicum, Hippophae rhamnoides, Salix bangongensis, Tamarix chinensis, Buddleja lindleyana, highland barley, oats, wheat, Jerusalem artichoke tubers, etc. These plant materials are easily available. Generally, in sandy areas, the principle of selecting suitable trees for suitable land is adopted, and row-shaped or grid-shaped live sand barriers are constructed by means of planting, cutting, and sowing, and their survival rate is relatively high. However, when this live sand barrier technology is used to control sand disasters, the plant stress resistance limit and low soil water content are important restrictive factors. This makes it impossible to achieve the control effect of full-coverage afforestation no matter how to select the combination of live sand barrier technologies using stress-resistant and highly water-saving plants and efficient water-saving measures.

[0004] The strip or grid-shaped live sand barrier established by densely inserting branches enhances the surface erosion resistance with the natural reproduction of plants, and is of great significance for the regional ecological governance project mainly taking biological control as the measure. However, there are still some problems in the current practice of live sand barriers in sand control projects. First of all, a large number of branches such as Salix psammophila are densely inserted in strips or squares (see Figure 1 , generally the cutting spacing of branches is 1 - 2 cm), which consumes a huge amount of branches and water. The above-ground branches compete with each other for space and sunlight, and the underground roots compete with each other for water and nutrients. Therefore, the survival rate is not high. Even if the survival rate is relatively high due to sufficient water in the early stage, the survival rate will be low in the later stage due to such interspecific competition and high water consumption characteristics, and its sand control and ecological effects will be significantly reduced.

[0005] Secondly, for the live sand barrier formed by row-shaped or grid-shaped shrubs such as Salix psammophila, due to the natural inverted conical crown structure of the shrubs (see Figure 2 ), a blank area will be formed near the ground between adjacent two shrubs, which allows the near-surface wind-sand flow to penetrate directly, thereby weakening the wind and sand control effect, especially the sand fixation effect is significantly reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a live sand barrier wind and sand protection system, a construction method thereof, and a wind and sand protection method to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the foregoing invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: One aspect of the present invention provides a live sand barrier sand and wind protection system, which includes a first live sand barrier unit, a second live sand barrier unit, and a third live sand barrier unit arranged in sequence along the main wind direction. The first live sand barrier unit, the second live sand barrier unit, and the third live sand barrier unit are all strip-shaped extending in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction and are parallel to each other; Among them, the first live sand barrier unit includes a plurality of concentric wavy live sand barriers arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction. The second live sand barrier unit includes multiple groups of concentric wavy live sand barriers arranged in a dot matrix pattern on the ground. Each group of concentric wavy live sand barriers includes three concentric wavy live sand barriers arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. The third live sand barrier unit includes a plurality of square live sand barriers, and the plurality of square live sand barriers are connected to each other and arranged in a net pattern on the ground; The concentric wavy live sand barrier includes a first mother plant and a plurality of first circular shrub clusters. The plurality of first circular shrub clusters are concentrically arranged with the first mother plant as the center, and the plurality of first circular shrub clusters distributed in sequence along the direction away from the center are respectively formed by the same-generation ramets and / or different-generation ramets of the first mother plant. The ramets are grown from the branches of the first mother plant or the previous-generation ramets through the layering propagation technique. Each of the first circular shrub clusters has an arched dome-shaped structure, so that the concentric wavy live sand barrier has a wavy top surface; At least two common vertices of the square live sand barriers with opposite vertex angles in the third live sand barrier unit are provided with a second mother plant, and four sides of the square live sand barriers connected to the common vertex provided with the second mother plant all include shrubs formed by second-generation ramets, and the second-generation ramets are grown from the branches of the second mother plant through the layering propagation technique.

[0008] Another aspect of the present invention provides a construction method of the foregoing live sand barrier sand and wind protection system, which includes: Arrange the first live sand barrier unit, the second live sand barrier unit, and the third live sand barrier unit in sequence along the main wind direction; Plant the first mother plant in the first live sand barrier unit and the second live sand barrier unit, and use the layering propagation technique to make the first mother plant reproduce offspring shrubs to form the concentric wavy live sand barrier; Plant the second mother plant in the third live sand barrier unit, and use the layering propagation technique to make the second mother plant reproduce offspring shrubs to form the square live sand barrier; Among them, the layering propagation technique includes: selecting a branch on the corresponding mother plant, bending and fixing the branch in the soil at the layering planting position, or selecting a branch on the corresponding ramet for layering; making the branch grow, so as to germinate roots at the layering planting position to form offspring shrubs.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention also provides a method for preventing wind and sand, which includes: arranging the aforementioned living sand barrier wind and sand protection system upwind of the object to be protected.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages: 1) The present invention utilizes the characteristics of strong root sprouting ability of branches such as Salix psammophila, and constructs a concentric wavy living sand barrier structure through the layering propagation technology. The center of each living sand barrier is the mother plant shrub, and the barrier body is jointly composed of multiple offspring shrubs propagated concentrically from the mother plant shrub by layering, the layering, and the branches germinated on the layering. Different from the dot-shaped shrub structure of ecological forests and the cuttage-type square living sand barriers in the prior art, the concentric wavy living sand barrier structure provided by the present invention is an arched wavy three-dimensional space structure, integrating the structures and functions of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. As the plants continue to grow and propagate, it can maintain and expand the original sand barrier pattern to the surrounding areas, and has significant wind resistance, sand fixation, and ecological benefits; 2) During the layering propagation of Salix psammophila, the layering can utilize the nutrients and water supply of the mother tree, and the survival rate is very high; and because the layering and the mother tree are the same plant, they are connected through the layering, and there is a complementary effect of water and nutrients between them. Its overall water consumption is low, and its continuous viability is strong; the afforestation cost is low. While effectively blocking and fixing sand, it greatly reduces the dosage of plants and cuttings per unit area, reduces the water loss of the sandy land, makes up for the defects of large-scale afforestation management, and has good sustainable biological treatment effects; 3) Compared with the square whose sides are parallel or perpendicular to the main wind direction, the corners of the square are set upwind, that is, the sides of the square form a 45-degree angle with the main wind direction. In this way, when the air flow enters the square living sand barrier, it first hits the mother plant and then diverges at an oblique 45-degree angle, and then flows along the edge of the barrier body formed by the daughter plants. After hitting the mother plant in the downwind direction, it is diverted again, and thus the above process is repeated. The energy of the air flow will be greatly weakened, and the sedimentation effect is strong; the daughter plants well fill the blank area formed by the shrub near the ground surface, making up for the sand leakage defect at the position of the blank area caused by the inverted conical shape of the sand-fixing shrub, and can effectively intercept and fix the wind-sand flow; 4) The living sand barrier wind and sand protection system provided by the present invention forms a continuous and dense obstacle by combining multiple strips and surface distribution through arranging row belt type concentric wavy living sand barriers, triangular concentric wavy living sand barriers distributed in a surface shape, and square living sand barriers in sequence upwind of the object to be protected, filling the near-ground blank area and preventing the long-distance intrusion of the near-surface wind-sand flow; The row belt type concentric wavy living sand barriers of multiple strips form a front-edge sand-blocking belt, and multiple triangular concentric wavy living sand barriers distributed in a surface shape form an intermediate sand-fixing area. Using the square living sand barriers to construct multiple second sand-fixing areas, a front-blocking and rear-fixing mode is formed, effectively blocking the flow of wind and sand, reducing the wind speed, and having significant sand-fixing benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 It is a diagram of strip or grid-shaped live sand barriers in the prior art; Figure 2 It is a diagram of the natural inverted conical tree crown of shrubs in strip or grid-shaped live sand barriers in the prior art; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the live sand barrier wind and sand protection system provided by a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a concentric wavy live sand barrier provided by a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a concentric wavy live sand barrier provided by a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a square live sand barrier provided by a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of one side of a square live sand barrier provided by a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Reference numerals: 1, plant; 11, mother plant; 12, ramet; 121, first-generation layering; 122, first-generation shrub; 123, second-generation layering; 124, second-generation shrub; 125, third-generation layering; 126, third-generation shrub; 127, branches germinated on the layering; 2, planting point; 21, mother plant planting hole; 22, first-generation layering planting position; 23, second-generation layering planting position; 24, third-generation layering planting position; 3, row belt type concentric wavy live sand barrier; 4, diamond-shaped concentric wavy live sand barrier; 5, square live sand barrier; 6, protected object; 7, main wind direction; 8, sand surface. Detailed implementation manners

[0014] The present invention will be more fully understood by reading the following detailed implementation manners. However, it should be understood that the specific implementation manners disclosed below are only exemplary of the present invention, and the present invention can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as restrictive, but only as the basis of the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention in any appropriate detailed embodiment in different ways.

[0015] A live sand barrier wind and sand protection system provided by some embodiments of the present invention includes a first live sand barrier unit, a second live sand barrier unit, and a third live sand barrier unit arranged in sequence along the main wind direction. The first live sand barrier unit, the second live sand barrier unit, and the third live sand barrier unit are all strip-shaped extending in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction and are parallel to each other. Among them, the first live sand barrier unit includes a plurality of concentric wavy live sand barriers arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction. The second live sand barrier unit includes multiple groups of concentric wavy live sand barriers arranged in a dot matrix pattern on the ground. Each group of concentric wavy live sand barriers includes three concentric wavy live sand barriers arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground. The third live sand barrier unit includes a plurality of square live sand barriers, and the plurality of square live sand barriers are connected to each other and arranged in a mesh pattern on the ground. The concentric wavy live sand barrier includes a first mother plant and a plurality of first circular shrub clusters. The plurality of first circular shrub clusters are concentrically arranged with the first mother plant as the center, and the plurality of first circular shrub clusters distributed in sequence along the direction away from the center are respectively formed by the same-generation ramets and / or different-generation ramets of the first mother plant. The ramets are grown from the branches of the first mother plant or the previous-generation ramets through the layering propagation technique. Each of the first circular shrub clusters has an arched dome-shaped structure, so that the concentric wavy live sand barrier has a wavy top surface. At least two common vertices of the square live sand barriers with opposite vertex angles in the third live sand barrier unit are provided with second mother plants, and the four sides of the square live sand barriers connected to the common vertices provided with the second mother plants all include shrubs formed by second-generation ramets. The second-generation ramets are grown from the branches of the second mother plant through the layering propagation technique.

[0016] In some embodiments, blank zones are provided between adjacent two of the first live sand barrier unit, the second live sand barrier unit, and the third live sand barrier unit.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments, the width of the blank zone is 10 - 30 m.

[0018] In some embodiments, the layout width of the first live sand barrier unit is 5 - 20 m.

[0019] In some embodiments, the layout width of the second live sand barrier unit is 20 - 50 m.

[0020] In some embodiments, the layout width of the third live sand barrier unit is 20 - 50 m.

[0021] In some embodiments, the multiple first circular shrubs successively distributed in the direction away from the center of the circle respectively include first-generation offshoots, second-generation offshoots, …, mth-generation offshoots of the first type. The first-generation offshoots of the first type are formed by the branches of the first mother plant through layering propagation technology. The second-generation offshoots of the first type are formed by the branches of the first-generation offshoots of the first type through layering propagation technology, and so on. The mth-generation offshoots of the first type are formed by the branches of the (m - 1)th-generation offshoots of the first type through layering propagation technology, where m ≥ 2.

[0022] In some embodiments, the multiple first circular shrubs successively distributed in the direction away from the center of the circle respectively include multiple first-generation offshoots of the first type, and multiple of the first-generation offshoots of the first type are formed by different parts of the same branch of the first mother plant in the length direction through layering propagation technology.

[0023] In some embodiments, the layering planting positions in the layering propagation technology are distributed on concentric circles with the first mother plant as the center of the circle, and the circle spacing is 50 - 100 cm.

[0024] In some embodiments, the branches used in the layering propagation technology are healthy, free of pests and diseases, with a diameter of 0.5 - 2 cm and a length of 0.5 - 1.5 m, being one- or two-year-old branches.

[0025] In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent first mother plants in the first live sand barrier unit is 3 - 5 m.

[0026] In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent first mother plants in the second live sand barrier unit is 3 - 5 m.

[0027] In some embodiments, adjacent concentric wavy live sand barriers in the first live sand barrier unit are connected to each other to form an integral structure with a three-dimensional sand storage space having undulating waves.

[0028] In some embodiments, adjacent concentric wavy live sand barriers in the second live sand barrier unit are connected to each other to form an integral structure with a three-dimensional sand storage space having undulating waves.

[0029] In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent second mother plants in the third live sand barrier unit is 1 - 3 m.

[0030] In some embodiments, second mother plants are provided at the common vertices of at least two square live sand barriers with opposite vertex angles in the third live sand barrier unit, and the four sides of the square live sand barriers connected to the common vertices where the second mother plants are provided are all shrubberies formed by second first-generation ramets, second second-generation ramets, …, second n-generation ramets. The second first-generation ramets are grown from the branches of the second mother plants through layering propagation technology. The second second-generation ramets are grown from the branches of the second first-generation ramets through layering propagation technology; and so on. The second n-generation ramets are grown from the branches of the second (n - 1)-generation ramets through layering propagation technology, where n ≥ 2.

[0031] In some embodiments, second mother plants are provided at the common vertices of at least two square live sand barriers with opposite vertex angles in the third live sand barrier unit, and the four sides of the square live sand barriers connected to the common vertices where the second mother plants are provided all include shrubberies formed by second first-generation ramets. The second first-generation ramets are grown from different parts of the same branch of the second mother plant in the length direction through layering propagation technology.

[0032] In some embodiments, one vertex angle of each square live sand barrier is set facing the main wind direction, and the sides of each square live sand barrier form a 45-degree angle with the main wind direction.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first mother plants and the second mother plants are sand-growing shrubs with strong sprouting ability by planting seedlings or cuttings, being 2 - 3 years old, reaching a height of 2 - 3 m, and having a crown width of 2 - 4 m.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the first mother plants and the second mother plants include, but are not limited to, any one or a combination of two of Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii.

[0035] The method for constructing the foregoing live sand barrier sand and wind protection system provided by some embodiments of the present invention includes: Sequentially arranging the first live sand barrier unit, the second live sand barrier unit, and the third live sand barrier unit along the main wind direction; Planting first mother plants in the first live sand barrier unit and the second live sand barrier unit, and using layering propagation technology to make the first mother plants reproduce offspring shrubberies to form the concentric wavy live sand barriers; Planting second mother plants in the second live sand barrier unit, and using layering propagation technology to make the second mother plants reproduce offspring shrubberies to form the square live sand barriers; Among them, the layering propagation technology includes: selecting branches on the corresponding mother plants, bending and fixing the branches in the soil at the layering planting positions, or selecting branches on the corresponding ramets for layering; growing the branches, so as to germinate roots at the layering planting positions to form offspring shrubberies.

[0036] In some embodiments, the layering propagation technology specifically includes: After the spring rain, select healthy, pest- and disease-free one- or two-year-old branches on the mother plant with a diameter of 0.5 - 2 cm and a length of 0.5 - 1.5 m. Bend the branches and press them 10 - 15 cm into the soil at the layering planting position, cover and compact the sandy soil, and then use stones to cover the soil surface above the layering. Ensure that the branches are fixed in the soil and allow the branches to grow, so as to germinate roots at the layering planting position to form offspring shrubs; In some preferred embodiments, the layering of the branches is carried out simultaneously at multiple layering planting positions.

[0037] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a sandstorm prevention method, which includes: setting the aforementioned live sand barrier sandstorm prevention system upwind of the object to be protected.

[0038] In summary, to overcome the existing technical defects related to live sand barriers, the present invention constructs a concentric wavy live sand barrier, which has a three-dimensional wind-blocking and sand-storing structure. It can not only fix the in-situ quicksand, but also intercept and store the passing quicksand, providing a new technology for sandstorm and ecological management projects.

[0039] The present invention will be further illustrated below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described examples. The reagents and raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available, and the test methods without specific conditions are usually carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by each manufacturer.

[0040] Example This example provides a live sand barrier sandstorm prevention system, which is composed of a row-type concentric wavy live sand barrier 3, a pyramid-shaped concentric wavy live sand barrier 4, and a grid live sand barrier 5. Plants 1 are planted in the three live sand barriers, and the plants 1 are composed of a plant mother plant 11 and its ramets 12.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , and set up multiple rows of row-type concentric wavy live sand barriers 3 along the main wind direction 7 upwind of the object to be protected 6, as well as the pyramid-shaped concentric wavy live sand barriers 4 and grid live sand barriers 5 distributed in a planar shape. Combine the multiple rows and the planar distribution, and set blank belts between each row. First, set up multiple rows of row-type concentric wavy live sand barriers to form a front-edge sand-blocking belt; secondly, set up multiple pyramid-shaped concentric wavy live sand barriers 4 distributed in a planar shape to form an intermediate sand-fixing area; then, use grid live sand barriers 5 to construct multiple second sand-fixing areas downwind. Finally, form a comprehensive live sand barrier sandstorm prevention system with a front-blocking and rear-fixing mode.

[0042] Among the three measures, the row-type concentric wavy live sand barrier 3 has a layout width of 5 - 20 m, the checkerboard-shaped concentric wavy live sand barrier 4 has a layout width of 20 - 50 m, the square grid live sand barrier 5 has a layout width of 20 - 50 m, and the blank belt width is 10 - 30 m. The three measures are arranged in multiple belts with blank belts in between, and their length extension directions are all perpendicular to the main wind direction 7.

[0043] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , and the row-type concentric wavy live sand barrier 3 is mainly composed of the plant mother plants 11 and their ramets 12.

[0044] The mother plants 11 are sand-fixing shrubs with strong sprouting ability such as Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii planted by seedlings or cuttings, with a spacing of 3 - 5 m. After 2 - 3 years, when the height reaches 2 - 3 m and the crown width reaches 2 - 4 m, they can form mother plants. The mother plants 11 form the center of the row-type concentric wavy live sand barrier 3.

[0045] The ramets 12 include: the first-generation layering 121, the first-generation shrub 122, the second-generation layering 123, the second-generation shrub 124, the third-generation layering 125, the third-generation shrub 126, and the branches germinated on the layering 127. The ramets 12 are the offspring shrubs formed by the branches of the mother plants 11 spreading around through the layering propagation technique, as well as the layering itself and the branches germinated on the layering. The ramets form concentric circles outside the center of the row-type concentric wavy live sand barrier.

[0046] Among them, the layering propagation technique includes: After the spring rain, select healthy, pest-free one- or two-year-old branches on the mother plants with a diameter of about 0.5 - 2 cm and a length of 0.5 - 1.5 m. Bend the branches and press them into the soil at the layering planting position by 10 - 15 cm, cover and compact the sandy soil, and then use stones to cover the soil surface above the layering to ensure that the branches are fixed in the soil.

[0047] Select multiple longer mother plant branches. By layering the branches at multiple planting positions simultaneously, multiple components of the ramets can be established at one time; or the steps of layering the branches of the first-generation shrub, the second-generation shrub, or the third-generation shrub can also be selected. In engineering practice, the above two methods can be used concurrently to accelerate the formation of multiple ramets and shrub clusters.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 4 , and the planting points 2 of the row-type concentric wavy live sand barrier include the mother plant planting holes 21, the first-generation layering planting positions 22, the second-generation layering planting positions 23, the third-generation layering planting positions 24, etc. Among them, the mother plant planting holes 21 are distributed in a row-type and are located at the center of the live sand barrier; the layering planting positions are all distributed on the concentric circles with the mother plant 11 as the center, and the circle spacing is 50 - 100 cm.

[0049] The construction technology of the row belt type concentric wavy live sand barrier 3 includes: inserting sand-fixation shrub branches such as Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii into the sand surface 8 by the water flushing method. When the height reaches 2 - 3 m and the crown width reaches 2 - 4 m, after growing into a clump to form the mother plant 11, select multiple strong branches and spread them outwards. Press them into the layering planting positions. Utilizing the characteristics of strong sprouting ability of Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii branches by cutting, the branches under the sand surface 8 will germinate roots from the layering planting positions and form new shrubs. Then, use the above method to continuously spread and arrange the new shrubs around. Among them, the layering planting positions are concentric circles on the sand surface 8 with the mother plant 11 as the center, and the circle spacing is 50 - 100 cm, so as to make the layering form a live sand barrier with a concentric wavy dome structure. This sand barrier has a multi-dome three-dimensional structure that arches from the center to the surroundings, which can effectively weaken the wind force, deposit and store a large amount of drifting sand. The flexible characteristics of the branches and leaves can also well block and fix the drifting sand, having long-term sand prevention and ecological benefits.

[0050] In this embodiment, by using the layering propagation technology, the branches of shrubs such as Salix psammophila radiate outwards to form an arched concentric wavy three-dimensional space structure. This structure is composed of the mother plant and shrubs of different sizes sprouted from the layering, and expands from the center to the periphery to form a concentric wavy three-dimensional multi-layer structure. This structure can effectively reduce the wind speed and capture and retain the drifting sand, and has a strong wind-blocking and sand-fixing effect.

[0051] In this embodiment, during the layering propagation process of Salix psammophila, the layering can utilize the nutrient and water supply of the mother plant, and the survival rate is very high. And because the layering and the mother plant are the same plant, they are connected through the layering, and there is a complementary effect of water and nutrients between them. Its overall water consumption is low and its continuous viability is strong.

[0052] In this embodiment, while effectively blocking and fixing the sand, the concentric wavy live sand barrier greatly reduces the usage amount of plants and cuttings per unit area, reduces the water loss of the sandy land, and has low afforestation costs, making up for the defects of large-scale afforestation management, and having good sustainable biological management effects.

[0053] In this embodiment, by utilizing the characteristics of strong root sprouting ability of Salix psammophila branches, through the layering propagation technology, a concentric wavy live sand barrier structure is constructed. The center of each live sand barrier is the mother plant shrub, and it is composed of multiple offspring shrubs propagated concentrically from the mother plant shrub to the surroundings through the layering, as well as the layering and the branches sprouted from the layering, jointly forming the barrier body with a concentric wavy structure. This structure is different from the dot-shaped shrub structure of ordinary ecological forests and the general square grid live sand barriers. The arched concentric wavy three-dimensional space structure combines the structures and functions of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. With the continuous growth and propagation of plants, it can maintain and expand the original sand barrier pattern to the surroundings, and approach the prevention and control effect of nearly full-coverage afforestation, and its wind-blocking, sand-fixing and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant.

[0054] Specifically, please refer toFigure 3 , arrange multiple concentric wavy live sand barriers in a triangular pattern to form a triangular concentric wavy live sand fixation barrier 4. The spacing between adjacent mother plants is 3 - 5 m. As the plants grow, the live sand barriers distributed in a triangular pattern will be connected into a whole, forming an overall structure with a three-dimensional sand storage space with undulating waves. When drifting sand enters it, the sedimentation and fixation process of sand grains will contribute to the continuous germination of layering, and the sand fixation effect will be lasting.

[0055] The triangular concentric wavy live sand fixation barrier 4 can form a continuous and dense obstacle, thus effectively blocking the flow of wind and sand, reducing the wind speed, with significant sand fixation benefits, having the dual functions of engineering and biological sand control, and low cost.

[0056] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the construction method of the square grid live sand barrier 5 includes: First, establish mother plants arranged in a triangular pattern according to the above method, then conduct layering for each mother plant in four mutually perpendicular directions respectively, and then the offspring shrubs propagated by layering continue to extend layering in the above four directions multiple times. As the mother plants and layering continuously grow and expand the original sand barrier pattern, the layering and offspring shrubs extending between adjacent mother plants will be connected, and finally a square grid live sand barrier 5 is formed.

[0057] The above four directions are all at a 45-degree angle to the main wind direction, the corners of the square grid face the upwind direction, and the spacing between adjacent mother plants is 1 - 3 m.

[0058] In this embodiment, compared with the setting where the sides of the square grid are parallel or perpendicular to the main wind direction, the corners of the square grid face the upwind direction, that is, the sides of the square grid are at a 45-degree angle to the main wind direction. In this way, when the airflow enters the square grid live sand barrier, it first impacts the mother plant and then diverges at an oblique 45-degree angle, and then flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the branched plants. After impacting the mother plant in the downwind direction, it is diverted again, thus repeating the above process. The energy of the airflow will be greatly weakened, and the sedimentation effect is strong.

[0059] In this embodiment, the branched plants well fill the blank area formed by the shrub near the ground surface, well make up for the sand leakage defect at the position of the blank area caused by the inverted conical shape of the sand-fixing shrub, and can effectively intercept and fix the wind-sand flow.

[0060] The live sand barrier wind-sand protection system provided in this embodiment is composed of live sand barriers propagated by layering. Among them, the concentric wavy structure integrates the structures and functions of mechanical sand barriers and plant sand barriers, can expand the original sand barrier pattern around through layering propagation, achieve long-term wind blocking and sand fixation, and the later the stage, the better the protection benefit.

[0061] In the live sand barrier sand and wind protection system provided in this embodiment, the mother plants are sparsely planted with a spacing of 3 - 5 m, consuming less water than the general close planting and cutting with a spacing of 1 - 50 cm. Moreover, the mother plants and the ramets are connected as a whole through layering, with a complementary function of water and nutrients between them, further reducing the overall water consumption. With the water supply from the mother plants, the survival rate of the offspring shrub reproduction is high, and the stress resistance and environmental adaptability are strong. It can be applied to most sandy ecological environments suitable for planting sand - loving plants such as Salix psammophila.

[0062] In summary, the present invention provides a method for live sand barrier sand and wind protection for sandy land ecological governance and sand fixation practice. Among them, through three protection measures: strip - type concentric wave - shaped live sand barriers, surface - distributed diamond - shaped concentric wave - shaped live sand barriers, and checkerboard live sand barriers, the combination of multiple strips and surface distribution blocks the front and fixes the back, forming a continuous and dense obstacle to fill the near - surface blank area, thus preventing the long - drive of near - surface sand - wind currents; and both the concentric wave - shaped live sand barriers and the checkerboard live sand barriers are formed by the reproduction of plant plants, which can continuously expand the original sand barrier pattern around, effectively reducing the sand control cost and improving the sand control effect, providing a feasible method for sand - area sand and wind governance and ecological restoration.

[0063] The above - described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A live sand barrier wind and sand protection system, characterized in that: It comprises a first active sand barrier unit, a second active sand barrier unit and a third active sand barrier unit which are arranged in sequence along the main wind direction, wherein the first active sand barrier unit, the second active sand barrier unit and the third active sand barrier unit are all strip-shaped and extend in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction and are parallel to each other; The first active sand barrier unit includes a plurality of concentric wavy active sand barriers arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction, the second active sand barrier unit includes a plurality of groups of concentric wavy active sand barriers arranged in a lattice on the ground, each group of concentric wavy active sand barriers includes three concentric wavy active sand barriers arranged in a herringbone shape on the ground, and the third active sand barrier unit includes a plurality of grid active sand barriers, and the plurality of grid active sand barriers are interconnected and arranged in a mesh shape on the ground; The concentric wavy live sand barrier comprises a first mother plant and a plurality of first annular bushes, the plurality of first annular bushes are concentrically arranged with the first mother plant as the center of the circle, and the plurality of first annular bushes sequentially distributed in a direction away from the center of the circle are respectively formed by ramets of the same generation and / or ramets of different generations of the first mother plant, the ramets are grown from branches of the first mother plant or ramets of the previous generation through layering propagation technology, and each of the first annular bushes has an arched dome-shaped structure, so that the concentric wavy live sand barrier has a wavy top surface; A second mother plant is arranged at the common vertex of at least two square live sand barriers with opposite angles in the third live sand barrier unit, and the four sides of the square live sand barrier connected to the common vertex with the second mother plant all contain bushes formed by second-generation ramets, and the second-generation ramets are grown from the branches of the second mother plant through layering propagation technology.

2. The active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A blank strip is provided between two adjacent units of the first active sand barrier unit, the second active sand barrier unit and the third active sand barrier unit; Preferably, the width of the blank strip is 10-30m.

3. The active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The layout width of the first active sand barrier unit is 5-20m; And / or, the layout width of the second active sand barrier unit is 20-50m; And / or, the layout width of the third active sand barrier unit is 20-50m.

4. The active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of first annular bushes sequentially distributed in a direction away from the center of the circle respectively include first generation ramets, first second generation ramets, ..., first m generation ramets, the first generation ramets are grown from branches of the first mother plant through layering propagation technology, the first second generation ramets are grown from branches of the first generation ramets through layering propagation technology, and so on, the first m generation ramets are grown from branches of the first (m-1) generation ramets through layering propagation technology, and m≥2; And / or, the plurality of first circular bushes distributed in sequence in the direction away from the center of the circle respectively contain a plurality of first-generation ramets, wherein the plurality of first-generation ramets are grown from the same branch of the first mother plant at different positions in the length direction through layering propagation technology.

5. The active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The layering planting positions in the layering propagation technology are distributed on concentric circles with the first mother plant as the center, and the circle spacing is 50-100 cm; And / or, the branches used in the layering propagation technique are healthy, pest-free, one- to two-year-old branches with a diameter of 0.5-2 cm and a length of 0.5-1.5 m; and / or, the spacing between adjacent first mother plants in the first active sand barrier unit is 3-5m; and / or, the spacing between adjacent first mother plants in the second active sand barrier unit is 3-5m; And / or, adjacent concentric wavy active sand barriers in the first active sand barrier unit are connected to each other to form an overall structure with an undulating wavy three-dimensional sand storage space; And / or, the adjacent concentric wavy active sand barriers in the second active sand barrier unit are connected to each other to form an overall structure with an undulating wavy three-dimensional sand storage space; And / or, the spacing between adjacent second mother plants in the third live sand barrier unit is 1-3m.

6. The active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second mother plant is arranged at the common vertex of at least two square live sand barriers with opposite corners in the third live sand barrier unit, and the four sides of the square live sand barrier connected to the common vertex with the second mother plant are all bushes formed by second-generation ramets, second-second-generation ramets, ..., second-n-generation ramets, the second-generation ramets are grown from branches of the second mother plant through layering propagation technology, the second-second-generation ramets are grown from branches of the second-generation ramets through layering propagation technology; and so on, the second-n-generation ramets are grown from branches of the second (n-1)-generation ramets through layering propagation technology, and n≥2; And / or, a second mother plant is arranged at the common vertex of at least two square live sand barriers with opposite corners in the third live sand barrier unit, and the four sides of the square live sand barrier connected to the common vertex with the second mother plant all contain bushes formed by second-generation ramets, and the second-generation ramets are grown from the same branch of the second mother plant at different positions in the length direction through layering propagation technology; And / or, a top corner of each square of the active sand barrier is arranged facing the main wind direction, and the side of each square of the active sand barrier forms an angle of 45 degrees with the main wind direction.

7. The active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first mother plant and the second mother plant are sand-dwelling shrubs with strong sprouting ability from seedlings or cuttings, 2-3 years old, 2-3 meters in height, and 2-4 meters in crown width; Preferably, the first mother plant and the second mother plant include any one of Salix psammophila and Caragana korshinskii, or a combination of two thereof.

8. The method for constructing the active sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The first active sand barrier unit, the second active sand barrier unit and the third active sand barrier unit are sequentially arranged along the main wind direction; Planting a first mother plant in the first live sand barrier unit and the second live sand barrier unit, and using layering propagation technology to make the first mother plant reproduce offspring shrubs to form the concentric wavy live sand barrier; Planting a second mother plant in the third live sand barrier unit, using layering propagation technology to allow the second mother plant to reproduce offspring shrubs to form the grid live sand barrier; Among them, the layering propagation technology includes: selecting branches on the corresponding mother plant, bending the branches and fixing them in the soil at the layering planting position, or selecting branches on the corresponding ramets for layering; allowing the branches to grow, thereby sprouting roots at the layering planting position to form offspring shrubs.

9. The method for constructing a live sand barrier wind and sand protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The layering propagation technology specifically includes: After the spring rain, one to two-year-old branches that are healthy, free of pests and diseases, 0.5-2 cm in diameter and 0.5-1.5 m in length are selected from the mother plant, the branches are bent and pressed into the soil of the layering planting position for 10-15 cm and covered and compacted with sandy soil, and then stones are used to cover the soil surface above the layering to fix the branches in the soil and make the branches grow, so that roots sprout at the layering planting position to form offspring shrubs; Preferably, the branches are layered simultaneously at multiple layering planting positions.

10. A method for protecting against wind and sand, characterized in that: include: An active sand barrier wind and sand protection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is arranged upwind of the protected object.

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