Novel lithium battery thermal runaway early warning and automatic fire extinguishing integrated device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and particularly discloses a novel lithium battery thermal runaway early warning and automatic fire extinguishing integrated device and method.The device comprises a battery rack, a monitoring assembly, an automatic fire extinguishing assembly and a release mechanism, and a lithium battery body is arranged in an inner cavity of the battery rack. The working state of the lithium battery body is monitored in real time through the monitoring assembly, the early warning accuracy of thermal runaway of the lithium battery body is improved by adopting a multi-feature fusion early warning technology, and an alarm can be given in advance. The data of the lithium battery body is acquired through the data acquisition module, the acquired data is analyzed through the data processing module and the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module, and the thermal runaway state is analyzed through the remote diagnosis module and the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module. Once the lithium battery body is detected to have a thermal runaway sign, an emergency notification is sent to related personnel through the alarm module. According to the invention, the response speed of the system is increased, and the overall safety performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and particularly relates to an integrated device and method for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery thermal runaway. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technology and the increasing energy demand, lithium batteries, as an efficient and environmentally friendly energy storage method, have been widely used in many fields such as the 3C industry, energy storage power stations, and new energy vehicles. However, the safety problems of lithium batteries have become increasingly prominent, and thermal runaway is one of the main causes of safety accidents.

[0003] Lithium battery thermal runaway refers to the abnormal increase in temperature of the battery during operation due to internal or external factors, which then triggers a series of chemical reactions and physical changes, and may ultimately lead to serious consequences such as battery fire and explosion. The reasons for thermal runaway are diverse, including internal short circuit, overcharging, external damage, aging, and heat dissipation failure of the battery. These situations will cause the rapid accumulation of heat inside the lithium battery, resulting in a sharp rise in the temperature of the battery cell. When the heat accumulates to a certain extent, the lithium battery will eject gas containing combustible components. Once these gases encounter air and reach the ignition point or there is an ignition source, combustion will occur and a large amount of heat will be released.

[0004] Currently, the monitoring and early warning methods for lithium battery thermal runaway usually monitor parameters such as the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery, and compare them with preset thermal runaway thresholds. When these parameters exceed the thresholds, the system will issue an early warning signal indicating that the battery may be in a thermal runaway state. However, this method is affected by various factors such as battery aging and environmental temperature changes, and cannot accurately monitor and early warn the thermal runaway state of lithium batteries. In addition, once a lithium battery catches fire spontaneously, ordinary vehicle-mounted fire extinguishers can hardly extinguish the fire source, and can only control the fire and delay until professional fire-fighting equipment is used by firefighters to extinguish it. This results in most vehicles being directly burned out, with a relatively high risk.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an integrated device and method for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery thermal runaway to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated device and method for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of thermal runaway of a new type of lithium battery. Through the cooperation of a monitoring component and an automatic fire extinguishing component, the device improves the accuracy of early warning of thermal runaway of the lithium battery through the coordinated work of the monitoring component and the automatic fire extinguishing component. In addition, the device also has an automatic fire extinguishing function and can quickly start the fire extinguishing program when detecting potential signs of thermal runaway, effectively preventing the occurrence of fires. These improvements solve the problems of low accuracy of early warning of thermal runaway of lithium batteries, short early warning time and lack of automatic fire extinguishing function existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An integrated device for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of thermal runaway of a new type of lithium battery, comprising a battery rack, a monitoring component, an automatic fire extinguishing component and a release mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the inner cavity of the battery rack is provided with a lithium battery body, the top of the lithium battery body is provided with a pressing plate, the left side of the top of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the monitoring component, the monitoring component includes a data acquisition module, the output end of the data acquisition module is unidirectionally electrically connected to a data processing module, the output end of the data processing module is unidirectionally electrically connected to a multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module, the output end of the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module is unidirectionally electrically connected to a communication module, an alarm module, a thermal runaway suppression module and a remote diagnosis module, and the output end of the remote diagnosis module is unidirectionally electrically connected to the alarm module.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic fire extinguishing component includes a self-breaking plate, a separation groove is formed at the bottom of the self-breaking plate, both sides of the self-breaking plate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery rack, a bracket is arranged at the bottom of the self-breaking plate, motors are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the pressing plate, locking mechanisms are fixedly connected to the front side and the rear side of the output end of the motor, the side of the locking mechanism away from the motor is threadedly connected to the bracket, a gas cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the battery rack, a three-way pipe is communicated with the front side of the gas cylinder, a solenoid valve is installed on the surface of the three-way pipe, high-strength air bags are communicated with both ends of the bottom of the three-way pipe, control boards are fixedly connected to both sides of the gas cylinder, and a release mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the high-strength air bag.

[0010] The data acquisition module includes a temperature monitoring module, a voltage monitoring module, an internal resistance monitoring module, a gas sensor module, a smoke detector module and a pressure monitoring module. The temperature monitoring module uses an AS6221 temperature sensor, which can monitor the temperature change of the lithium battery body in real time and is the basic indicator for thermal runaway warning. The high-precision and high-stability temperature sensor ensures the accuracy of the temperature data; the voltage monitoring module can monitor the voltage fluctuation of the lithium battery body; the internal resistance monitoring module can monitor the internal resistance change of the lithium battery body; the gas sensor module can monitor the characteristic gases generated during the thermal runaway of the lithium battery body, such as CO, CO2, H2, etc.; the smoke detector module can detect the smoke generated when the lithium battery body is in thermal runaway and issue a warning in time; the pressure monitoring module can monitor the pressure changes inside the lithium battery body.

[0011] Preferably, the input ends of the data acquisition module, the data processing module and the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module are unidirectionally electrically connected to a power management module. The power management module can provide a stable power supply for the entire monitoring system to ensure the stable operation of the monitoring system. The thermal runaway suppression module includes a heat dissipation module and an automatic power-off module, which can automatically start the suppression mechanism to slow down or prevent the development of thermal runaway when signs of thermal runaway appear in the lithium battery body.

[0012] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a control tube, one side of the control tube is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a limit plate is provided in the inner cavity of the control tube, springs are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two limit plates, screws are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two limit plates, the side of the screw away from the limit plate passes through to the outside of the control tube and is threadedly connected to the bracket, the control tube can facilitate the installation of the screw, the limit plate can prevent the screw from escaping from the inner cavity of the control tube, the screw can fix the bracket to the bottom of the battery rack, and the spring can reset the screw when it is not squeezed.

[0013] Preferably, the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the control tube are fixedly connected with guide rails, and the top and bottom of the limit plate are provided with slide grooves used in conjunction with the guide rails. The guide rails and the slide grooves can limit the limit plate to prevent it from rotating during movement, thereby improving its stability during movement.

[0014] Preferably, the release mechanism includes an adjusting shell, the inner wall of the adjusting shell is fixedly connected to an electric push rod, the output ends on opposite sides of the two electric push rods are fixedly connected to a mounting block, the front and rear sides of the mounting block are movably connected to cutting knives, the opposite sides of the two cutting knives are fixedly connected to gears, the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the adjusting shell are fixedly connected to tooth plates, the top of the tooth plates is meshed with gears, the electric push rod can control the use position of the mounting block, the cutting knife can cut the high-strength airbag so that the fire extinguishing agent filled inside it is quickly sprayed out, and the gears and tooth plates can control the rotation of the cutting knife.

[0015] Preferably, a positioning rod is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting block away from the electric push rod. A positioning shell is sleeved on the surface of the positioning rod. A baffle is arranged in the inner cavity of the positioning shell. One side of the baffle is fixedly connected to the positioning rod. The positioning rod and the baffle can cooperate with the positioning shell to limit the mounting block, improve its stability during movement, and prevent it from shifting during movement.

[0016] Preferably, mounting through holes are formed on both sides of the front and rear sides of the battery rack, and threaded holes are formed at the tops of the front and rear sides of the bracket. The mounting through holes and the threaded holes facilitate the installation of the bracket at the bottom of the battery rack by screws.

[0017] Preferably, corrugated folds are arranged on the surface of the high-strength airbag. The side of the control board away from the air tank is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery rack. The corrugated folds can cause the high-strength airbag to expand, squeezing the pressing plate and the self-breaking plate to break; the pressing plate has the same structure as the self-breaking plate.

[0018] On the other hand, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: an integrated method for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery thermal runaway, including the following steps:

[0019] S1. The monitoring component monitors the working state of the vehicle lithium battery body in real time; the data acquisition module in the monitoring component respectively acquires multi-dimensional parameter data of the temperature, voltage, internal resistance, gas composition, smoke and pressure of the lithium battery;

[0020] S2. The data acquisition module transmits the acquired parameter data to the data processing module for preprocessing and analysis, and then the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module performs fusion analysis on the data to determine whether there are signs of thermal runaway in the lithium battery body;

[0021] S3. When the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module determines that there is a risk of thermal runaway in the lithium battery body, the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module triggers the alarm module, and the alarm module will immediately issue an audible and visual alarm to remind the driver and passengers; at the same time, the remote diagnosis module transmits the early warning information to the control center or the cloud through the communication module for remote monitoring and fault diagnosis;

[0022] S4. In the early warning state, the thermal runaway suppression module automatically starts the suppression mechanism. The heat dissipation module starts to work to reduce the temperature of the lithium battery body; at the same time, the automatic power-off module cuts off the power supply of the lithium battery to slow down the development of thermal runaway;

[0023] S5. When the lithium battery body spontaneously ignites due to thermal runaway, the motor in the automatic fire extinguishing assembly starts, and the screw is controlled to rotate through the locking mechanism to separate the bracket from the battery rack; the bracket no longer supports the self-breaking plate, and the self-breaking plate loses support; the solenoid valve opens, and the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the gas tank enters the high-strength airbag through the three-way pipe; the high-strength airbag expands rapidly, crushing the pressure plate and the self-breaking plate, and at the same time pushing the lithium battery body out of the battery rack, so that it is separated from the vehicle and separated into multiple independent battery packs;

[0024] S6. After the high-strength airbag is inflated, the release mechanism is activated, the electric push rod pushes the mounting block and the cutting knife to move, the gear and the toothed plate cooperate to make the cutting knife rotate and cut the high-strength airbag. After the high-strength airbag is cut, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent stored inside is quickly sprayed out, covering the surface of the battery pack scattered on the ground, reducing the battery temperature and suppressing the fire source.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1) The present invention can monitor the working state of the lithium battery body in real time through the monitoring component, and use a multi-feature fusion warning method to increase the accuracy of the warning of thermal runaway of the lithium battery body. The system can give early warnings to facilitate the driver and passengers to quickly get away from the vehicle. The data acquisition module collects various data of the lithium battery body, and the data processing module and the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module analyze the collected data. The remote diagnosis module and the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module conduct a comprehensive analysis of the thermal runaway state of the lithium battery body. Once the lithium battery body is detected to be in a thermal runaway state, the system will promptly warn the driver and passengers through the alarm module, and delay the progress of thermal runaway of the lithium battery body through the thermal runaway suppression module.

[0027] 2) The present invention can quickly extinguish the heat runaway and catching fire of the lithium battery body through the automatic fire extinguishing assembly. When the lithium battery body has an open flame and starts to burn, the system will immediately start the motor and the solenoid valve. The motor cooperates with the locking mechanism to quickly separate the bracket, and at the same time, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent stored in the gas tank is transported to the high-strength airbag. The high-strength airbag expands rapidly and crushes the pressure plate and the self-breaking plate, and the lithium battery located in the battery rack is also ejected, so that the lithium battery body is separated from the vehicle and separated into separate battery packs, preventing the battery pack that spontaneously combusts from igniting the surrounding battery packs.

[0028] 3) Through the release mechanism, the present invention can cut open the high-strength airbag, quickly discharging the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent stored inside, thereby reducing the temperature of the lithium battery body and suppressing the fire source. After the lithium battery body is detached from the vehicle, the system activates the electric push rod, and the electric push rod controls the moving of the mounting block, cutting knife, and gear. While moving, the gear cooperates with the toothed plate to control the precise rotation of the cutting knife. The cutting knife rotates to cut the high-strength airbag, causing it to explode and quickly discharging the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent stored inside. The perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent quickly cools down the lithium battery body and suppresses the fire source, facilitating the driver to control the fire, thereby effectively reducing property losses. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 Is a perspective view of the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0030] Figure 2 Is a bottom view of the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0031] Figure 3 Is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic fire extinguishing component in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0032] Figure 4 Is a schematic diagram of the battery rack, lithium battery body, self-breaking plate, and bracket in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0033] Figure 5 Is a sectional view of the adjustment shell in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0034] Figure 6 Is a sectional view of the control tube in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0035] Figure 7 Is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the monitoring component in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0036] Figure 8 Is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the data acquisition module in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0037] Figure 9 Is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the thermal runaway suppression module in the integrated device for early warning of thermal runaway and automatic fire extinguishing of a new type of lithium battery;

[0038] In the figure, 1 - battery rack; 2 - lithium battery body; 3 - pressure plate; 4 - monitoring component; 41 - data acquisition module; 411 - temperature monitoring module; 412 - voltage monitoring module; 413 - internal resistance monitoring module; 414 - gas sensor module; 415 - smoke detector module; 416 - pressure monitoring module; 42 - data processing module; 43 - multi - feature fusion early warning algorithm module; 44 - communication module; 45 - alarm module; 46 - thermal runaway suppression module; 461 - heat dissipation module; 462 - automatic power - off module; 47 - remote diagnosis module; 48 - power management module; 5 - automatic fire - extinguishing component; 51 - self - shattering plate; 52 - separation groove; 53 - bracket; 54 - motor; 55 - locking mechanism; 551 - control pipe; 552 - limiting plate; 553 - spring; 554 - screw; 56 - gas cylinder; 57 - tee pipe; 58 - solenoid valve; 59 - high - strength airbag; 6 - control board; 7 - release mechanism; 71 - adjusting shell; 72 - electric push rod; 73 - mounting block; 74 - cutting knife; 75 - gear; 76 - toothed plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that, without conflict, the implementation modes and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] With the wide application of lithium batteries in fields such as new energy vehicles and energy storage power stations, their safety issues have become increasingly prominent. In particular, the fire and explosion accidents caused by lithium battery thermal runaway occur frequently, seriously threatening personal and property safety. The existing lithium battery thermal runaway warning systems usually rely only on a single parameter (such as temperature, voltage, etc.) for monitoring, with low warning accuracy, and lack the functions of automatic fire extinguishing and battery separation, making it difficult to effectively control the fire after it occurs. Therefore, a new integrated device and method for lithium battery thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing are designed. Through the coordinated work of multi-feature fusion warning, automatic fire extinguishing, and battery separation, the warning accuracy is improved, the thermal runaway event is quickly responded to, the fire spread is effectively prevented, and property losses are reduced.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the present invention is a new integrated device for lithium battery thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing, including a battery rack 1 for accommodating the lithium battery body and providing structural support, a monitoring component 4, an automatic fire extinguishing component 5, and a release mechanism 7. The inner cavity of the battery rack 1 is provided with a lithium battery body 2, and a pressure plate 3 is arranged on the top of the lithium battery body 2 for fixing the lithium battery body. The left side of the top of the pressure plate 3 is fixedly connected to the monitoring component 4. The monitoring component 4 includes a data acquisition module 41. The output end of the data acquisition module 41 is unidirectionally electrically connected to a data processing module 42. The output end of the data processing module 42 is unidirectionally electrically connected to a multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module 43. The output end of the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module 43 is unidirectionally electrically connected to a communication module 44, an alarm module 45, a thermal runaway suppression module 46, and a remote diagnosis module 47. The output end of the remote diagnosis module 47 is unidirectionally electrically connected to the alarm module 45.

[0046] Furthermore, as Figure 2As shown, the automatic fire extinguishing assembly 5 includes a self - breaking plate 51 (which quickly breaks after being pressed), a separation groove 52 is formed at the bottom of the self - breaking plate 51, both sides of the self - breaking plate 51 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery rack 1, a bracket 53 is arranged at the bottom of the self - breaking plate 51 (for supporting the self - breaking plate to prevent it from breaking during vehicle driving), motors 54 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the pressing plate 3 (for controlling the locking mechanism), locking mechanisms 55 are fixedly connected to the front side and the rear side of the output end of the motor 54, the side of the locking mechanism 55 away from the motor 54 is threadedly connected to the bracket 53, an air tank 56 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the battery rack 1, a three - way pipe 57 is communicated with the front side of the air tank 56, a solenoid valve 58 is installed on the surface of the three - way pipe 57, high - strength air bags 59 are communicated with both ends of the bottom of the three - way pipe 57, control boards 6 are fixedly connected to both sides of the air tank 56, and a release mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the high - strength air bag 59.

[0047] Furthermore, the data acquisition module 41 can monitor the working state of the lithium - ion battery body 2 in real time. The data processing module 42 is responsible for pre - processing and analyzing the data collected by the data acquisition module 41. It uses high - performance data acquisition chips and processors, can collect and process data in real time and accurately, and provides a reliable basis for early warning decisions. The multi - feature fusion early warning algorithm module 43 can fuse the collected multi - feature data to achieve accurate early warning of thermal runaway. The communication module 44 can transmit the early warning information to the control center or the cloud in real time. The alarm module 45 can provide prompt methods such as sound and light alarms to ensure that users can timely discover and handle the thermal runaway risk. The thermal runaway suppression module 46 automatically starts the suppression mechanism to slow down or prevent the development of thermal runaway when detecting signs of thermal runaway. The remote diagnosis module 47 can achieve remote monitoring and fault diagnosis through the cloud platform. The separation groove 52 can enable the self - breaking plate 51 to quickly break after being pressed. The bracket 53 can support the self - breaking plate 51 to prevent it from breaking during vehicle driving. The air tank 56 can store the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent. The solenoid valve 58 can control the opening and closing of the three - way pipe 57. The high - strength air bag 59 can quickly expand through the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent to push the lithium - ion battery body 2 out of the vehicle frame.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Please refer to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9On the basis of the first embodiment, the data acquisition module 41 includes a temperature monitoring module 411, a voltage monitoring module 412, an internal resistance monitoring module 413, a gas sensor module 414, a smoke detector module 415 and a pressure monitoring module 416. The temperature monitoring module 411 adopts an AS6221 temperature sensor. The input ends of the data acquisition module 41, the data processing module 42 and the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module 43 are unidirectionally electrically connected to a power management module 48. The thermal runaway suppression module 46 includes a heat dissipation module 461 and an automatic power-off module 462.

[0050] Furthermore, the temperature monitoring module 411 can monitor the temperature changes of the lithium battery body 2 in real time, which is the basic indicator of thermal runaway warning. A high-precision and high-stability temperature sensor is used to ensure the accuracy of temperature data. The voltage monitoring module 412 can monitor the voltage fluctuation of the lithium battery body 2. The internal resistance monitoring module 413 can monitor the internal resistance changes of the lithium battery body 2. The gas sensor module 414 can monitor the characteristic gases generated during the thermal runaway of the lithium battery body 2, such as CO, CO2, H2, etc. The smoke detector module 415 can detect the smoke generated when the lithium battery body 2 is thermally runaway and issue a warning in time. The pressure monitoring module 416 can monitor the pressure changes inside the lithium battery body 2. The power management module 48 can provide a stable power supply for the entire monitoring system to ensure the stable operation of the monitoring system. The thermal runaway suppression module 46 can automatically start the suppression mechanism to slow down or prevent the development of thermal runaway when signs of thermal runaway are detected in the lithium battery body 2.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 On the basis of the first embodiment, the locking mechanism 55 includes a control tube 551, one side of the control tube 551 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 54, a limit plate 552 is arranged in the inner cavity of the control tube 551, a spring 553 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two limit plates 552, a screw 554 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two limit plates 552, a side of the screw 554 away from the limit plate 552 passes through the outside of the control tube 551 and is threadedly connected to the bracket 53, the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the control tube 551 are fixedly connected to the guide rail, and the top and bottom of the limit plate 552 are provided with a slide groove used in conjunction with the guide rail.

[0053] Furthermore, the control tube 551 can facilitate the installation of the screw 554, the limit plate 552 can prevent the screw 554 from escaping from the inner cavity of the control tube 551, the screw 554 can fix the bracket 53 at the bottom of the battery rack 1, the spring 553 can reset the screw 554 when it is not squeezed, and the guide rail and the slide groove can limit the limit plate 552 to prevent it from rotating during movement, thereby improving its stability during movement.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown in and, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the release mechanism 7 includes an adjustment housing 71. An electric push rod 72 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment housing 71. Output ends on opposite sides of the two electric push rods 72 are fixedly connected with mounting blocks 73. Cutting knives 74 are movably connected to the front and rear sides of the mounting blocks 73. Gears 75 are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two cutting knives 74. Tooth plates 76 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the adjustment housing 71. The top of the tooth plate 76 meshes with the gear 75. A positioning rod is fixedly connected to a side of the mounting block 73 away from the electric push rod 72. A positioning housing is sleeved on the surface of the positioning rod. A baffle is arranged in the inner cavity of the positioning housing. One side of the baffle is fixedly connected to the positioning rod.

[0056] Furthermore, the electric push rod 72 can control the use position of the mounting block 73. The cutting knife 74 can cut the high-strength airbag 59 so that the fire extinguishing gas filled inside it can be quickly ejected. The gear 75 and the tooth plate 76 can control the rotation of the cutting knife 74. The positioning rod and the baffle can cooperate with the positioning housing to limit the mounting block 73, improve its stability during the movement process, and prevent it from shifting during the movement process.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in and, on the basis of Embodiment 1, mounting through holes are opened on both sides of the front and rear sides of the battery rack 1. Threaded holes are opened at the top of the front and rear sides of the bracket 53. Corrugated folds are arranged on the surface of the high-strength airbag 59. One side of the control board 6 away from the gas tank 56 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery rack 1.

[0059] Furthermore, the mounting through holes and the threaded holes can facilitate the installation of the bracket 53 at the bottom of the battery rack 1 by the screw 554. The corrugated folds can cause the high-strength airbag 59 to expand so that it can squeeze and break the pressing plate 3 and the self-breaking plate 51.

[0060] The working principle of the integrated device of the present invention is as follows: The monitoring component 4 monitors the working state of the vehicle lithium battery body 2. The data acquisition module 41 transmits the working state data of the lithium battery body 2 to the data processing module 42. The data processing module 42 analyzes and processes the data. Subsequently, the multi-feature fusion early warning algorithm module 43 fuses the data to increase the monitoring accuracy of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery body 2;

[0061] After thermal runaway occurs in the lithium battery body 2, the alarm module 45 quickly alerts the driver and passengers. At the same time, the thermal runaway suppression module 46 controls the start of the heat dissipation module 461 and the automatic power-off module 462, delaying the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery body 2, extending the early warning time, and enabling the driver and passengers to have enough time to quickly move away from the vehicle.

[0062] When the lithium battery body 2 catches fire due to thermal runaway, the vehicle control system controls the solenoid valve 58 and the motor 54 to start. The motor 54 cooperates with the control pipe 551 to control the rotation of the screw rod 554. The rotation of the screw rod 554 controls the separation of the bracket 53 from the battery rack 1, so that it no longer supports the self-breaking plate 51. At the same time, the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing agent stored in the gas cylinder 56 is transported to the high-strength airbag 59. The high-strength airbag 59 quickly expands to crush the pressing plate 3 and the self-breaking plate 51. At the same time, the lithium battery body 2 is also pushed out of the battery rack 1 and falls to the ground and separates into multiple independent battery packs, which is convenient for extinguishing the burning battery packs and can also prevent the burning battery packs from igniting the surrounding battery packs.

[0063] Subsequently, the electric push rod 72 is activated. The electric push rod 72 cooperates with the mounting block 73 to control the movement of the cutting knife 74 and the gear 75. The gear 75 cooperates with the toothed plate 76 to make the cutting knife 74 rotate. The rotation of the cutting knife 74 cuts through the high-strength airbag 59, causing the perfluorinated hexanone fire extinguishing agent stored inside to quickly spray out and cover the surface of the battery packs scattered on the ground. This process can effectively reduce the battery temperature and suppress the fire source, thus helping the driver better control the fire and reducing property losses.

[0064] Embodiment 6

[0065] Using the integrated device for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of new lithium battery thermal runaway in the above embodiments, a method for early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of new lithium battery thermal runaway is realized, including the following steps:

[0066] S1. The monitoring component 4 monitors the working state of the vehicle lithium battery body 2 in real time; the data acquisition module 41 in the monitoring component 4 respectively acquires multi-dimensional parameter data of the temperature, voltage, internal resistance, gas composition, smoke and pressure of the lithium battery.

[0067] The data acquisition module 41 includes a temperature monitoring module 411, a voltage monitoring module 412, an internal resistance monitoring module 413, a gas sensor module 414, a smoke detector module 415 and a pressure monitoring module 416, which respectively acquire multi-dimensional data such as the temperature, voltage, internal resistance, gas composition, smoke and pressure of the lithium battery to ensure that the abnormal state of the battery can be comprehensively captured.

[0068] S2, the data acquisition module 41 transmits the collected parameter data to the data processing module 42 for preprocessing and analysis, and then the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module 43 performs fusion analysis on the data to determine whether the lithium battery body 2 has signs of thermal runaway.

[0069] The temperature sensor continuously collects the temperature data of the lithium battery, and the smoke sensor and gas sensor simultaneously monitor the environment around the battery and transmit the detected data to the central controller in real time. And set reasonable temperature thresholds, smoke concentration thresholds and specific gas concentration thresholds as the basis for early warning judgment.

[0070] The abnormality of a single parameter may not be sufficient to accurately determine thermal runaway. The multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module conducts a comprehensive analysis of the processed data to determine whether the lithium battery body has a thermal runaway risk. Multi-feature fusion warning can improve the accuracy and reliability of the warning.

[0071] S3. Once signs of thermal runaway are detected, such as a continuous and rapid rise in temperature, a sharp increase in the concentration of smoke and harmful gases, the system needs to issue an early warning immediately. The early warning method includes issuing an audible and visual alarm signal (such as an alarm sound, flashing warning lights), and sending early warning information to the vehicle control system or related monitoring platform to promptly notify relevant personnel to take measures to avoid or reduce losses.

[0072] When the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module 43 determines that the lithium battery body 2 is at risk of thermal runaway, the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module 43 triggers the alarm module 45, and the alarm module 45 immediately emits an audible and visual alarm to alert the driver and passengers; at the same time, the remote diagnosis module 47 transmits the warning information to the control center or the cloud through the communication module 44 to facilitate remote monitoring and fault diagnosis.

[0073] S4. In the early stage of thermal runaway, the system should take measures to delay the progress of thermal runaway, and suppress the development of thermal runaway through physical and electrical means, so as to buy time for subsequent fire extinguishing and battery separation. In the early warning state, the thermal runaway suppression module 46 automatically starts the suppression mechanism. The heat dissipation module 461 starts working to reduce the temperature of the lithium battery body 2; at the same time, the automatic power-off module 462 cuts off the power supply of the lithium battery to slow down the development of thermal runaway.

[0074] S5. If the thermal runaway develops further and an open flame occurs, the system needs to quickly initiate a fire extinguishing procedure and separate the battery from the vehicle, through the dual effects of physical separation and fire extinguishing agents, to prevent the thermal runaway battery from causing a larger fire.

[0075] If the thermal runaway of the lithium battery body (2) further develops and open flames appear, that is, when the lithium battery body 2 catches fire due to thermal runaway, the motor 54 in the automatic fire extinguishing component 5 starts, controls the rotation of the screw 554 through the locking mechanism 55, and separates the bracket 53 from the battery rack 1; the bracket 53 no longer supports the self - crushing plate 51, and the self - crushing plate 51 loses support; the solenoid valve 58 opens, and the perfluoroketone fire extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder 56 enters the high - strength airbag 59 through the three - way pipe 57; the high - strength airbag 59 expands rapidly, crushes the pressure plate 3 and the self - crushing plate 51, and at the same time pushes the lithium battery body 2 out of the battery rack 1, making it separate from the vehicle and break into multiple independent battery packs.

[0076] S6. After the battery is separated, the system needs to quickly release the fire extinguishing agent to further reduce the battery temperature, suppress the fire source, and prevent the fire from spreading. After the high - strength airbag 59 expands, the release mechanism 7 starts, the electric push rod 72 pushes the mounting block 73 and the cutting knife 74 to move, and the gear 75 cooperates with the toothed plate 76 to make the cutting knife 74 rotate and cut the high - strength airbag 59. After the high - strength airbag 59 is cut, the stored perfluoroketone fire extinguishing agent inside is quickly ejected, covering the surface of the battery packs scattered on the ground, reducing the battery temperature and suppressing the fire source.

[0077] After the fire extinguishing agent is released, the system needs to continue monitoring the battery status to ensure that the fire is completely controlled and notify relevant personnel for handling. The release of the perfluoroketone fire extinguishing agent effectively reduces the temperature of the lithium battery, suppresses the fire source, helps the driver better control the fire, and reduces property losses. The system continues to monitor the status of the lithium battery through the remote diagnosis module 47 to ensure that the fire is completely controlled and notify relevant personnel for handling. The remote diagnosis module continuously monitors the operating status of the entire system and feeds back relevant information to the remote control center for subsequent accident handling and equipment maintenance. For the subsequent treatment of the system, the separated thermally out - of - control battery is placed in a special safety container or area for further treatment, such as cooling down, preventing reignition, etc. At the same time, a comprehensive inspection and assessment of the remaining battery packs are carried out to ensure their safety before putting them back into use. Remote monitoring and subsequent treatment are carried out to ensure the safety and reliability of the system. After the fire is controlled, the system automatically resets, checks the working status of each module to ensure that the system can continue to operate normally. Necessary maintenance and inspection of the device are carried out to ensure that it can work properly the next time it is used.

[0078] The present invention provides an integrated device and method for efficient and accurate early warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium battery thermal runaway. Through multi-feature fusion early warning technology, by combining real-time monitoring and analysis of multi-dimensional data such as temperature, voltage, internal resistance, gas, smoke and pressure, the method can predict the thermal runaway risk of lithium batteries in advance, ensure that an alarm is issued in a timely manner when an abnormality occurs in the lithium battery, and remind relevant personnel to take emergency measures. At the same time, the system delays the thermal runaway process through a thermal runaway suppression module (including a heat dissipation module and an automatic power-off module), buying precious time for personnel evacuation.

[0079] The present invention not only improves the accuracy and timeliness of early warning of lithium battery thermal runaway, but also effectively prevents the further spread of fire through automatic fire extinguishing and battery separation functions, maximizing the protection of personnel and property safety. In addition, the remote diagnosis module and communication module of the system can realize remote monitoring and fault diagnosis, further improving the intelligence level and reliability of the system. Through this series of innovative designs, the present invention provides a comprehensive and efficient solution for the safety management of lithium batteries, with broad application prospects. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel integrated device for lithium battery thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing, characterized in that: The device comprises a battery rack (1), a monitoring component (4), an automatic fire extinguishing component (5) and a release mechanism (7); the inner cavity of the battery rack (1) is provided with a lithium battery body (2), the top of the lithium battery body (2) is provided with a pressure plate (3), and the left side of the top of the pressure plate (3) is fixedly connected to the monitoring component (4); The monitoring component (4) comprises a data acquisition module (41), the output end of the data acquisition module (41) is unidirectionally electrically connected to a data processing module (42), the output end of the data processing module (42) is unidirectionally electrically connected to a multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module (43), the output end of the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module (43) is unidirectionally electrically connected to a communication module (44), an alarm module (45), a thermal runaway suppression module (46) and a remote diagnosis module (47), and the output end of the remote diagnosis module (47) is unidirectionally electrically connected to the alarm module (45); The input ends of the data acquisition module (41), the data processing module (42) and the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module (43) are all unidirectionally electrically connected to the power management module (48); the thermal runaway suppression module (46) includes a heat dissipation module (461) and an automatic power-off module (462).

2. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module (41) comprises a temperature monitoring module (411), a voltage monitoring module (412), an internal resistance monitoring module (413), a gas sensor module (414), a smoke detector module (415) and a pressure monitoring module (416); the temperature monitoring module (411) adopts an AS6221 temperature sensor.

3. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The automatic fire extinguishing assembly (5) comprises a self-breaking plate (51); a separation groove (52) is provided at the bottom of the self-breaking plate (51); both sides of the self-breaking plate (51) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery rack (1); a bracket (53) is provided at the bottom of the self-breaking plate (51); both sides of the top of the pressing plate (3) are fixedly connected to a motor (54); the front side and the rear side of the output end of the motor (54) are fixedly connected to a locking mechanism (55); the locking mechanism (55) is away from the motor ( One side of the battery rack (54) is threadedly connected to the bracket (53), the rear side of the inner cavity of the battery rack (1) is fixedly connected to a gas tank (56), the front side of the gas tank (56) is connected to a three-way pipe (57), the surface of the three-way pipe (57) is installed with a solenoid valve (58), both ends of the bottom of the three-way pipe (57) are connected to a high-strength air bag (59), both sides of the gas tank (56) are fixedly connected to a control board (6), and the top of the high-strength air bag (59) is fixedly connected to a release mechanism (7).

4. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The locking mechanism (55) comprises a control tube (551), one side of the control tube (551) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (54), a limit plate (552) is provided in the inner cavity of the control tube (551), a spring (553) is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two limit plates (552), and a screw rod (554) is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two limit plates (552), and the side of the screw rod (554) away from the limit plate (552) passes through the outside of the control tube (551) and is threadedly connected to the bracket (53).

5. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The top and bottom of the inner cavity of the control tube (551) are fixedly connected to guide rails, and the top and bottom of the limit plate (552) are provided with sliding grooves used in conjunction with the guide rails.

6. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The release mechanism (7) comprises an adjusting shell (71), the inner wall of the adjusting shell (71) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (72), the output ends on opposite sides of the two electric push rods (72) are fixedly connected to a mounting block (73), the front and rear sides of the mounting block (73) are movably connected to a cutting knife (74), the opposite sides of the two cutting knives (74) are fixedly connected to a gear (75), the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the adjusting shell (71) are fixedly connected to a toothed plate (76), and the top of the toothed plate (76) is meshed with the gear (75).

7. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A positioning rod is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting block (73) away from the electric push rod (72), a positioning shell is sleeved on the surface of the positioning rod, a baffle is provided in the inner cavity of the positioning shell, and one side of the baffle is fixedly connected to the positioning rod.

8. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both sides of the front and rear sides of the battery rack (1) are provided with mounting through holes, and both the tops of the front and rear sides of the bracket (53) are provided with threaded holes.

9. The novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The surface of the high-strength airbag (59) is provided with corrugated folds, and the side of the control panel (6) away from the gas tank (56) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery rack (1).

10. An integrated method based on the novel integrated device for thermal runaway warning and automatic fire extinguishing of lithium batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, the monitoring component (4) monitors the working state of the vehicle lithium battery body (2) in real time; and collects multi-dimensional parameter data of the lithium battery including temperature, voltage, internal resistance, gas composition, smoke and pressure through the data acquisition module (41) in the monitoring component (4); S2, the data acquisition module (41) transmits the collected parameter data to the data processing module (42) for preprocessing and analysis, and then the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module (43) performs fusion analysis on the data to determine whether the lithium battery body (2) has signs of thermal runaway; S3. When the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module (43) determines that the lithium battery body (2) has a risk of thermal runaway, the multi-feature fusion warning algorithm module (43) triggers the alarm module (45), and the alarm module (45) immediately emits an audible and visual alarm to alert the driver and passengers; at the same time, the remote diagnosis module (47) transmits the warning information to the control center or the cloud through the communication module (44) to facilitate remote monitoring and fault diagnosis; S4. In the early warning state, the thermal runaway suppression module (46) automatically starts the suppression mechanism. The heat dissipation module (461) starts working to reduce the temperature of the lithium battery body (2); at the same time, the automatic power-off module (462) cuts off the power supply of the lithium battery to slow down the development of thermal runaway; S5. When the lithium battery body (2) spontaneously ignites due to thermal runaway, the motor (54) in the automatic fire extinguishing assembly (5) is started, and the screw (554) is controlled to rotate through the locking mechanism (55), so that the bracket (53) is separated from the battery rack (1); The bracket (53) no longer supports the self-breaking plate (51), and the self-breaking plate (51) loses support; the solenoid valve (58) opens, and the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the gas tank (56) enters the high-strength airbag (59) through the three-way pipe (57); the high-strength airbag (59) expands rapidly, crushing the pressure plate (3) and the self-breaking plate (51), and at the same time pushing the lithium battery body (2) out of the battery rack (1), so that it is separated from the vehicle and separated into multiple independent battery packs; S6. After the high-strength airbag (59) is inflated, the release mechanism (7) is activated, the electric push rod (72) pushes the mounting block (73) and the cutting knife (74) to move, the gear (75) cooperates with the tooth plate (76) to make the cutting knife (74) rotate and cut the high-strength airbag (59). After the high-strength airbag (59) is cut, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent stored inside is quickly sprayed out and covers the surface of the battery pack scattered on the ground, thereby reducing the battery temperature and suppressing the fire source.

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