High-speed cold heading forming machine and machining method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed cold heading forming machine and a machining method thereof, relates to the technical field of cold heading forming machines, and aims to solve the problem that in the production process of an existing cold heading forming machine, replacement of a punch and a female die affects the whole machining efficiency. A hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support, the bottom of the hydraulic push rod penetrates through the support to the middle of the support and is fixedly connected with an upper push plate, a plurality of symmetrically-arranged limiting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the base, and the limiting rods penetrate through the upper push plate and are in sliding connection with the penetrated positions of the upper push plate. A plurality of punches are arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate, a female die is arranged at the top of the base, and cavities corresponding to the punches are formed in the top of the female die. The stamping die has the advantages that the difficulty and the required time for replacing the punch and the female die are reduced, so that the workpiece machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cold heading forming machines, and more specifically, to a high-speed cold heading forming machine and its processing method. Background Art

[0002] A high-speed cold heading forming machine is a device that applies external force to metal at normal temperature to form it within a predetermined die. It belongs to the category of metal pressure processing and is one of the non-cutting metal pressure processing technologies. It is particularly suitable for producing fasteners such as bolts, screws, nuts, rivets, and products with axially symmetric shapes or head shapes such as shafts and discs. The advantages of the cold heading forming process include saving raw materials, improving labor productivity, enabling parts to obtain ideal surface roughness and dimensional accuracy, enhancing the mechanical properties of parts, and being able to process parts with complex shapes that are difficult to machine by cutting.

[0003] During the processing of a cold heading forming machine, different production batches may require different punch and die configurations. The replacement efficiency of the punch and die directly affects the efficiency of the entire processing flow. However, traditional punches and dies are generally fixedly installed, resulting in the need to stop the machine for disassembly and installation when replacement is required. This process is usually time-consuming and requires a high level of technical skill. In view of this, we propose a high-speed cold heading forming machine and its processing method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-speed cold heading forming machine and its processing method, aiming to solve the problem that the replacement of the punch and die affects the entire processing efficiency during the production process of the existing cold heading forming machine.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-speed cold heading forming machine includes a base. A support is fixedly connected to the top of the base. A hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support. The bottom of the hydraulic push rod penetrates through the support to its middle part and is fixedly connected to an upper push plate. A plurality of symmetrically arranged limiting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the base. The limiting rods respectively penetrate through the upper push plate and are slidably connected to the penetrated parts thereof. A plurality of punches are arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate. A die is arranged at the top of the base. Cavities corresponding to the punches respectively are arranged at the top of the die. An upper connection mechanism for connecting the punches is arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate. A lower connection mechanism for connecting the die is arranged at the top of the base.

[0006] Preferably, the upper connection mechanism includes a U-shaped frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper push plate. A plurality of through slots are formed in the inner surface of the U-shaped frame. The outer walls on both sides of the punch are recessed inward to form engaging portions, which are arranged in the slots. The top of the punch is located in the middle of the U-shaped frame, and head slots are formed at the top of the punch. A plurality of insertion rods corresponding to the head slots are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the U-shaped frame.

[0007] Preferably, the lower connection mechanism includes a plurality of guide rails respectively fixedly connected to the top of the base. Sliders are slidably connected to the tops of the guide rails. A bearing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the slider. A fixing member is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing plate. A plurality of engaging members are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing member. A plurality of die slots are formed through the outer wall of the female die and corresponding to the engaging members.

[0008] Preferably, a pair of receiving rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper push plate. A receiving member is arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate. Rod slots corresponding to the receiving rods are formed at the top of the receiving member. The receiving rods are located in the rod slots. A second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the receiving rod. The two ends of the second spring are respectively welded to the bottom of the upper push plate and the top of the receiving member. A plurality of receiving slots corresponding to the punch are formed in the outer wall of the receiving member. The punch is located in the receiving slots.

[0009] Preferably, a first spring is sleeved on the outer wall of each insertion rod. The top of the first spring is welded to the inner surface of the U-shaped frame, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the top of the punch.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the engaging member away from the fixing member extends to both sides to form an abutting portion. The abutting portion has a relatively semi-circular structure, and the other end of the abutting portion is inclined relatively.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of symmetrically arranged supporting members are fixedly connected to the top of the base. The other ends of the supporting members are in contact with the bottom of the bearing plate.

[0012] A processing method of a high-speed cold heading forming machine, which uses the high-speed cold heading forming machine in any one of the above to process. The method includes the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation: Select materials suitable for cold heading, and cut the materials into appropriate lengths to ensure that the materials are in good condition before processing to meet the requirements of subsequent processes; S2: Feeding into the machine: Feed the prepared materials into the cavity of the female die respectively; S3: Cold heading forming: Start the hydraulic push rod to run, make the punch move downward to cooperate with the die, apply high pressure to the material, form it in the cavity, and take out the formed workpiece; S5: Replacement: To adapt to processing workpieces of different specifications, by pulling out the punch and the die from the rack groove and the engaging part respectively, and then inserting the new punch and die that meet the specifications of the workpiece back into the engaging part and the engaging part, the replacement of the punch and the die can be completed, thereby reducing the difficulty and time required for replacing the punch and the die, and increasing the efficiency of workpiece processing.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. To adapt to processing workpieces of different specifications, by directly pulling out the punch and the die from the rack groove and the engaging part respectively, and then inserting the new punch and die that meet the specifications of the workpiece back into the rack groove and the engaging part, the replacement of the punch and the die can be completed. The whole disassembly and replacement process is simple and convenient, thereby reducing the difficulty and time required for replacing the punch and the die, and increasing the efficiency of workpiece processing.

[0014] 2. In the present invention, since the punch can be directly pulled out of the rack groove, through the arranged insertion rod, when the punch and the die are closed, the reaction force generated by the punch being blocked will cause the punch to move upward inside the U-shaped frame, so that the insertion rod is inserted into the head groove, and the insertion rod limits the punch, ensuring the stability of the punch when cold heading the workpiece in cooperation with the die. And because the punch will abut against the inner surface of the U-shaped frame under its own gravity, the insertion rod is pulled out of the head groove, so that the insertion rod will not affect the direct pulling out of the punch.

[0015] 3. Through the arranged receiving part, when the punch and the die are closed, the bottom of the receiving part can abut against the top of the die, so as to realize that when the punch and the die are separated, the bottom of the receiving part can continuously abut against the top of the die under the elastic force of the second spring until it is far away from the die. During this process, the punch will retract into the receiving groove, so that not only can the receiving groove protect the punch, but also prevent the punch from sticking to the workpiece.

[0016] 4. The contact between the abutting part formed by the extension of the engaging part and the inner wall of the die groove on the die makes the outer wall of the semi-circular structure of the abutting part push against the inner wall of the die groove under the action of the rebound force generated by its own compression after being squeezed by the inner wall of the die groove, so that the abutting part increases the contact limiting effect with the die groove and increases the stability of the die groove when moving with the bearing plate. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the cross-sectional view of the bracket in the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 4 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of part B in Figure 5 the structural schematic diagram of the abutting part in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, base; 2, bracket; 3, hydraulic push rod; 4, upper push plate; 5, limiting rod; 6, punch; 7, female die; 8, cavity; 9, U-shaped frame; 10, frame groove; 11, engaging part; 12, head groove; 13, inserting rod; 14, guide rail; 15, slider; 16, bearing plate; 17, fixing part; 18, engaging part; 19, die groove; 20, receiving rod; 21, receiving part; 22, rod groove; 23, second spring; 24, receiving groove; 25, first spring; 26, abutting part; 27, supporting part. Specific embodiments

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Take Figures 1 to 5 as shown, a high-speed cold heading forming machine includes a base 1, a bracket 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a hydraulic push rod 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket 2, the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 penetrates through the bracket 2 to its middle part and is fixedly connected to an upper push plate 4, a plurality of symmetrically arranged limiting rods 5 are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, the limiting rods 5 respectively penetrate through the upper push plate 4 and are slidably connected to the penetrated parts thereof, a plurality of punches 6 are arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate 4, a female die 7 is arranged at the top of the base 1, a cavity 8 corresponding to the punches 6 respectively is arranged at the top of the female die 7, an upper connection mechanism for connecting the punches 6 is arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate 4, and a lower connection mechanism for connecting the female die 7 is arranged at the top of the base 1.

[0021] The upper connection mechanism includes a U-shaped frame 9, the U-shaped frame 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper push plate 4, a plurality of frame grooves 10 penetrating through it are opened on the inner surface of the U-shaped frame 9, engaging parts 11 are formed by inward depressions on the outer walls on both sides of the punch 6, the engaging parts 11 are arranged in the frame grooves 10, the top of the punch 6 is located in the middle of the U-shaped frame 9, head grooves 12 are opened at the top of the punches 6, and a plurality of inserting rods 13 corresponding to the head grooves 12 are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the U-shaped frame 9.

[0022] The lower connecting mechanism includes a plurality of guide rails 14 which are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. Sliders 15 are slidably connected to the tops of the guide rails 14. A bearing plate 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 15. A fixing member 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing plate 16. A plurality of engaging members 18 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing member 17. A plurality of die slots 19 which penetrate the outer wall of the female die 7 and correspond to the engaging members 18 are provided on the outer wall of the female die 7.

[0023] Specifically, when it is necessary to replace the punch 6 and the female die 7, by directly pulling out the punch 6 and the female die 7 from the mounting grooves 10 and the engaging members 18 respectively, and then inserting the new punch 6 and female die 7 that meet the specifications of the workpiece back into the mounting grooves 10 and the engaging members 18, the replacement of the punch 6 and the female die 7 can be completed. The whole disassembly and replacement process is simple and convenient, thereby reducing the difficulty and time required for replacing the punch 6 and the female die 7, and thus increasing the efficiency of workpiece processing. By placing the material into the cavity 8 of the female die 7, then by pushing the bearing plate 16, the bearing plate 16 slides on the guide rails 14 through the sliders 15, so that the bearing plate 16 drives the fixing member 17 to move together. The movement of the fixing member 17 drives the female die 7 to move through the engagement of the engaging members 18 with the die slots 19, so that the female die 7 moves to the bottom of the punch 6. Then, by starting the hydraulic push rod 3 to operate, the hydraulic push rod 3 drives the upper push plate 4 to move downward. During the downward movement of the upper push plate 4, the U-shaped frame 9 will be driven to move downward together. The downward movement of the U-shaped frame 9 will drive the punch 6 to move downward, so that the punch 6 gradually closes with the female die 7, thereby completing the processing of the workpiece. Then, by sliding the bearing plate 16 again, it is convenient to take out the formed workpiece. Since the punch 6 can be directly pulled out of the mounting groove 10, through the arranged insertion rod 13, when the punch 6 and the female die 7 are closed, the reaction force generated by the punch 6 being blocked will cause the punch 6 to move upward inside the U-shaped frame 9, so that the insertion rod 13 is inserted into the head groove 12, and the insertion rod 13 limits the punch 6, ensuring the stability of the punch 6 when cold forging the workpiece with the female die 7. And since the punch 6 will abut against the inner surface of the U-shaped frame 9 under its own gravity, the insertion rod 13 is pulled out of the head groove 12, so that the insertion rod 13 will not affect the direct pulling out of the punch 6.

[0024] Furthermore, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a pair of receiving rods 20 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper push plate 4. A receiving member 21 is arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate 4. Rod grooves 22 corresponding to the receiving rods 20 are respectively provided at the top of the receiving member 21. The receiving rods 20 are located in the rod grooves 22. A second spring 23 is sleeved on the outer wall of the receiving rods 20. The two ends of the second spring 23 are respectively welded to the bottom of the upper push plate 4 and the top of the receiving member 21. A plurality of receiving grooves 24 corresponding to the punch 6 are provided on the outer wall of the receiving member 21. The punch 6 is located in the receiving grooves 24.

[0025] Specifically, through the provided storage member 21, when the punch 6 and the die 7 are closed, the bottom of the storage member 21 can abut against the top of the die 7 and squeeze the second spring 23 to contract it. In this way, when the punch 6 and the die 7 are separated, the bottom of the storage member 21 can continuously abut against the top of the die 7 under the elastic force of the second spring 23 until it moves away from the die 7. During this process, the punch 6 will retract into the storage groove 24, which not only protects the punch 6 by the storage groove 24 but also prevents the punch 6 from adhering to the workpiece. Further, as Figure 3 shown, the outer walls of the insertion rods 13 are sleeved with first springs 25. The top of the first spring 25 is welded to the inner surface of the U-shaped frame 9, and the other end of the first spring 25 abuts against the top of the punch 6.

[0026] Specifically, through the provided first springs 25, when the punch 6 and the die 7 are closed, the punch 6 squeezes the first springs 25 to contract them. Thus, when the punch 6 and the die 7 are separated, the first springs 25 can push the punch 6 to reset under their own elastic forces.

[0027] Further, as Figure 5 shown, the end of the engaging member 18 away from the fixing member 17 extends to both sides to form abutting portions 26. The abutting portions 26 are in a relatively semi-circular structure, and the other ends of the abutting portions 26 are inclined relatively.

[0028] Specifically, by the abutting portions 26 formed by the extension of the engaging member 18 contacting the inner wall of the die groove 19 on the die 7, after the abutting portions 26 are squeezed by the inner wall of the die groove 19, the outer walls of their semi-circular structures will push against the inner wall of the die groove 19 under the action of the rebound force generated by their own compression. Thus, the contact limiting effect between the abutting portions 26 and the die groove 19 is increased, and the stability of the die groove 19 when moving along with the carrier plate 16 is increased.

[0029] Further, as Figure 4 shown, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a plurality of symmetrically arranged support members 27, and the other ends of the support members 27 are attached to the bottom of the carrier plate 16.

[0030] Specifically, the support members 27 provided on the base 1 can support the carrier plate 16. Because when the punch 6 and the die 7 are closed, the die 7 needs to bear a large stress, and the provided support members 27 can share the pressure borne by the guide rail 14, thereby maintaining the stability during workpiece processing.

[0031] A processing method of a high-speed cold heading forming machine, which uses the high-speed cold heading forming machine in any one of the above to process. The method includes the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation: Select materials suitable for cold heading, and cut the materials into appropriate lengths to ensure that the materials are in good condition before processing to meet the requirements of subsequent processes; S2: Feeding into the machine: Feed the prepared materials into the cavity 8 of the female die 7 respectively; S3: Cold heading forming: Start the hydraulic push rod 3 to run, so that the punch 6 moves downward to cooperate with the female die 7, apply high pressure to the material, make it form in the cavity 8, and the formed workpiece can be taken out; S5: Replacement: To adapt to processing workpieces of different specifications, by pulling out the punch 6 and the female die 7 from the rack groove 10 and the engaging part 18 respectively, and then inserting the new punch 6 and female die 7 that meet the specifications of the workpiece back into the engaging part 11 and the engaging part 18, the replacement of the punch 6 and the female die 7 can be completed, thereby reducing the difficulty and time required for replacing the punch 6 and the female die 7, and thus increasing the efficiency of workpiece processing.

[0032] Working principle: This embodiment provides a high-speed cold heading forming machine. When the punch 6 and the female die 7 need to be replaced, by directly pulling out the punch 6 and the female die 7 from the rack groove 10 and the engaging part 18 respectively, and then inserting the new punch 6 and female die 7 that meet the specifications of the workpiece back into the engaging part 11 and the engaging part 18, the replacement of the punch 6 and the female die 7 can be completed. The whole disassembly and replacement process is simple and convenient, thereby reducing the difficulty and time required for replacing the punch 6 and the female die 7, and thus increasing the efficiency of workpiece processing; By putting the material into the cavity 8 of the female die 7, then by pushing the bearing plate 16, the bearing plate 16 slides on the guide rail 14 through the slider 15, so that the bearing plate 16 drives the fixing part 17 to move together. The movement of the fixing part 17 drives the female die 7 to move through the engaging part 18 engaging with the die groove 19, so that the female die 7 moves to the bottom of the punch 6. Then start the hydraulic push rod 3 to run, so that the hydraulic push rod 3 drives the upper push plate 4 to move downward. During the downward movement of the upper push plate 4, it will drive the U-shaped frame 9 to move downward together. The downward movement of the U-shaped frame 9 will drive the punch 6 to move downward, so that the punch 6 gradually closes the die with the female die 7, thus completing the processing of the workpiece. Then by sliding the bearing plate 16 again, it is convenient to take out the formed workpiece. Since the punch 6 can be directly pulled out of the rack groove 10, through the arranged insertion rod 13, when the punch 6 closes the die with the female die 7, the reaction force generated by the punch 6 being blocked will make the punch 6 move upward inside the U-shaped frame 9, so that the insertion rod 13 is inserted into the head groove 12, and the insertion rod 13 limits the punch 6 to ensure the stability of the punch 6 when cold heading the workpiece by closing the die with the female die 7. And because the punch 6 will abut against the inner surface of the U-shaped frame 9 under its own gravity, the insertion rod 13 is pulled out of the head groove 12, so that the insertion rod 13 will not affect the direct pulling out of the punch 6.

[0033] The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. As long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed cold heading machine, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a bracket (2), the top of the bracket (2) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic push rod (3), the bottom of the hydraulic push rod (3) penetrates the bracket (2) to the middle thereof and is fixedly connected to an upper push plate (4), the top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of symmetrically arranged limit rods (5), the limit rods (5) respectively penetrate the upper push plate (4) and are slidably connected to the penetrated portions, a plurality of punches (6) are arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate (4), a die (7) is arranged at the top of the base (1), cavities (8) respectively corresponding to the punches (6) are arranged at the top of the die (7), an upper connecting mechanism for connecting the punches (6) is arranged at the bottom of the upper push plate (4), and a lower connecting mechanism for connecting the die (7) is arranged at the top of the base (1).

2. A high-speed cold heading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper connection mechanism comprises a U-shaped frame (9), wherein the U-shaped frame (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper push plate (4), and the inner surface of the U-shaped frame (9) is provided with a plurality of frame grooves (10) penetrating the U-shaped frame, and the outer walls on both sides of the punch (6) are recessed inward to form a clamping portion (11), and the clamping portion (11) is arranged in the frame groove (10), and the top of the punch (6) is located in the middle of the U-shaped frame (9), and the top of the punch (6) is provided with a head groove (12), and the inner surface of the U-shaped frame (9) is fixedly connected with a plurality of insertion rods (13) corresponding to the head grooves (12).

3. A high-speed cold heading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower connection mechanism comprises a plurality of guide rails (14), the guide rails (14) being fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), the top of each of the guide rails (14) being slidably connected to a slider (15), the top of each of the sliders (15) being fixedly connected to a carrier plate (16), the top of each of the carrier plates (16) being fixedly connected to a fixing member (17), the outer wall of each of the fixing members (17) being fixedly connected to a plurality of engaging members (18), and the outer wall of the concave mold (7) being provided with a plurality of mold grooves (19) penetrating the concave mold (7) and corresponding to the engaging members (18).

4. A high-speed cold heading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pair of storage rods (20) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper push plate (4), and a storage piece (21) is provided at the bottom of the upper push plate (4). The top of the storage piece (21) is respectively provided with rod grooves (22) corresponding to the storage rods (20), and the storage rods (20) are located in the rod grooves (22). The outer wall of the storage rod (20) is sleeved with a second spring (23), and the two ends of the second spring (23) are respectively welded to the bottom of the upper push plate (4) and the top of the storage piece (21). The outer wall of the storage piece (21) is provided with a plurality of storage grooves (24) corresponding to the punch (6), and the punch (6) is located in the storage groove (24).

5. A high-speed cold heading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the insertion rod (13) is sleeved with a first spring (25), the top of the first spring (25) is welded to the inner surface of the U-shaped frame (9), and the other end of the first spring (25) abuts against the top of the punch (6).

6. A high-speed cold heading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the engaging member (18) away from the fixing member (17) extends to both sides to form abutment portions (26), the abutment portions (26) are in relatively semicircular structures, and the other ends of the abutment portions (26) are relatively inclined.

7. A high-speed cold heading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of symmetrically arranged support members (27) are fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), and the other end of the support member (27) is in contact with the bottom of the carrying plate (16).

8. A high-speed cold heading forming machine processing method, the method using any one of the high-speed cold heading forming machine in claims 1-7 for processing, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation: Select materials suitable for cold heading and cut them into appropriate lengths to ensure that the materials are in good condition before processing to meet the requirements of subsequent processes; S2: feeding materials into the machine: feeding the prepared materials into the cavity (8) of the concave die (7) respectively; S3: Cold forging: The hydraulic push rod (3) is started to operate, so that the punch (6) moves downward to cooperate with the die (7), and a high pressure is applied to the material to form it in the cavity (8), and the formed workpiece is taken out; S5: Replacement: In order to adapt to the processing of workpieces of different specifications, the punch (6) and the die (7) are pulled out of the frame groove (10) and the engaging member (18) respectively, and then the new punch (6) and the die (7) that meet the specifications of the workpiece are reinserted into the engaging portion (11) and the engaging member (18), thereby completing the replacement of the punch (6) and the die (7), thereby reducing the difficulty and time required for replacing the punch (6) and the die (7), thereby increasing the efficiency of workpiece processing.

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