Part machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and discloses a part machining method suitable for a milling cutter structure, the milling cutter structure is suitable for machining a to-be-milled part, the to-be-milled part comprises a long-strip-shaped to-be-milled part, and the method comprises the steps that the material, the extension length and the structure thickness of the to-be-milled part are obtained; correspondingly adjusting and setting a first group of machining parameters, a second group of machining parameters and a third group of machining parameters; according to the first set of machining parameters, the milling cutter structure is driven to make contact with and mill the to-be-milled part and relatively move in the direction of the center axis of the cylindrical face, and first rough machining is completed; according to the second set of machining parameters, the milling cutter structure is driven to make contact with and mill the to-be-milled part and relatively move in the direction of the center axis of the cylindrical face, and second rough machining is completed; and according to the third set of machining parameters, the milling cutter structure and the to-be-milled part are driven to move relatively in the direction of the center axis of the cylindrical face, and finish machining is completed. By means of the arrangement, the machining precision is high, and the problems of poor chip removal, tool sticking, tool breaking or large abrasion are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machining, and particularly to a method for machining parts. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the main body structure of some aircraft includes one or more cabin structures. Connectors are required to connect or reinforce between cabins or between cabins and other adjacent structures. Among them, a common strip-shaped connector is used. The length of this connector is usually relatively large compared to its thickness, and the top or bottom surface has a certain arc in the thickness direction.

[0003] Generally, the machining method for such connectors is ball-end milling on the curved surface, that is, a ball-end milling cutter is used to mill the entire arc surface in two dimensions. However, in such a machining method, the machining range of the ball-end milling cutter is small, and it needs to travel in multiple directions and dimensions, resulting in low work efficiency. Moreover, the tolerance dimensions are easily affected by the structure of the ball-end milling cutter itself and the machining path, making it difficult to ensure the machining accuracy. In addition, the multi-directional travel method may also cause problems such as tool sticking and poor chip evacuation, thereby reducing the surface finish and the yield rate of the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for machining parts to solve the problems in the prior art that the machining range of strip-shaped connectors is small, the work efficiency is low, the machining path is long, and the multi-directional travel is likely to reduce the surface finish and the yield rate of the parts.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for machining parts, which is applicable to a milling cutter structure. The milling cutter structure is suitable for machining a part to be milled. The part to be milled includes a part to be milled in a long strip shape. The part to be milled is suitable for forming a partial cylindrical surface under the action of the milling cutter structure. The central axis of the cylindrical surface is in the same direction as the length direction of the part to be milled. The milling cutter structure includes: a cutter shaft section and a milling section. The cutter shaft section includes a base portion and an extension portion which are arranged on the same axis and connected axially. The extension portion is suitable for rotating circumferentially along the axis under the clamping of a machine tool. The milling section includes at least two side cutter portions. The side cutter portions are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the base portion. The side cutter portions and the base portion rotate circumferentially along the axis under the drive of the extension portion and form a rotating shaft body. On the two sides of the radial cross-section of the rotating shaft body along the axis, which are far from the axis, there are arc-shaped concave portions that are symmetric along the axis and have equal inner diameters. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped concave portion is equal to the inner diameter of the cross-section of the cylindrical surface. The method includes: obtaining the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled, and correspondingly adjusting and setting a first set of machining parameters, a second set of machining parameters and a third set of machining parameters; adjusting the milling cutter structure according to the first set of machining parameters, driving the milling cutter structure to contact and mill the part to be milled, and relatively moving along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical surface to complete the first rough machining; adjusting the milling cutter structure according to the second set of machining parameters, driving the milling cutter structure to contact and mill the part to be milled, and relatively moving along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical surface to complete the second rough machining; adjusting the milling cutter structure according to the third set of machining parameters, driving the milling cutter structure to contact the part to be milled, and relatively moving along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical surface to complete the finish machining.

[0006] Beneficial effects:

[0007] By setting that the milling cutter structure includes a coaxial base portion and an extension portion, and side cutter portions are arranged on the base portion. The side cutter portions rotate to form a rotating shaft body with arc-shaped concave portions. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped concave portion is equal to the inner diameter of the cross-section of the cylindrical surface of the part to be milled on the part to be machined. The milling cutter structure arranged in this way has a relatively large contact area with the part to be milled. During the movement along the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical surface, linear movement can form the cutting process of the cylindrical surface, without the need for cutting in multiple directions in space, improving the machining efficiency. And because the two inner diameters are equal, the cutting process is easy to adjust and control, the tolerance dimensions are not easily affected, and the machining accuracy is relatively high. At the same time, it avoids the problems of poor chip evacuation or tool sticking that may occur during the multi-directional movement due to direction change.

[0008] On the basis of setting the milling cutter structure, according to the material, extension length and structural thickness of the to-be-milled part of the milling cutter structure, the first set of machining parameters, the second set of machining parameters and the third set of machining parameters are correspondingly set. Since the inner diameter of the arc-shaped concave part is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical surface cross-section of the to-be-milled part on the to-be-milled part, the contact range between the milling cutter structure and the to-be-machined part is relatively large during the ball cutter climb milling, and the machining resistance is relatively large. By setting at least three sets of machining parameters and corresponding to at least the machining methods of the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining, the problems of tool breakage or large wear during the machining process can be avoided. At the same time, since the to-be-milled part is strip-shaped and the central axis of the cylindrical surface is in the same direction as the length direction of the strip-shaped to-be-milled part, the milling cutter structure can avoid the interference of other structures on the to-be-milled part with the movement of the milling cutter structure during the cutting process, and ensure the linear movement form of the milling cutter structure in the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, in the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining, the axis of the extension part is perpendicular to the central axis of the cylindrical surface.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] By setting like this, on the one hand, it is convenient to calibrate the relative movement direction between the milling cutter structure and the to-be-milled part and avoid the traveling deviation; on the other hand, when the milling cutter structure contacts the to-be-milled part, the contact point position is relatively controllable, which is convenient to strengthen the corresponding material, structure and cooling according to the contact position of the opposite side cutting part.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the material of the to-be-milled part is a metal material; the extension length range of the to-be-milled part is 60 mm to 500 mm; the structural thickness range of the to-be-milled part is 2 mm to 20 mm.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the material of the to-be-milled part is titanium alloy.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the inner diameter range of the arc-shaped concave part is 100 mm to 500 mm.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the first set of machining parameters includes: the rotational speed is 6000 to 10000 revolutions per minute, the feed speed is 3000 to 5000 mm per minute, the cutting amount is 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and the remaining machining allowance is 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the second set of machining parameters includes: the rotational speed is 6000 to 10000 revolutions per minute, the feed speed is 3000 to 5000 mm per minute, the cutting amount is 0.15 to 0.25 mm, and the remaining machining allowance is 0.05 to 0.15 mm.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the third set of machining parameters includes: a rotational speed of 1000 to 1500 revolutions per minute, a feed rate of 160 to 240 mm per minute, a cutting depth of 0.08 to 0.12 mm, and no remaining machining allowance.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the first set of machining parameters includes: a rotational speed of 8000 revolutions per minute, a feed rate of 4000 mm per minute, a cutting depth of 0.3 mm, and a remaining machining allowance of 0.3 mm; the second set of machining parameters includes: a rotational speed of 8000 revolutions per minute, a feed rate of 4000 mm per minute, a cutting depth of 0.2 mm, and a remaining machining allowance of 0.1 mm; the third set of machining parameters includes: a rotational speed of 1200 revolutions per minute, a feed rate of 200 mm per minute, a cutting depth of 0.1 mm, and no remaining machining allowance.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the part to be milled is a connecting bar of an aircraft cabin. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a part to be milled of a part to be milled according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a part to be milled processed by a milling cutter structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 For Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the milling cutter structure in

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting part processed by a spherical milling cutter in the prior art;

[0025] Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0026] 1. Part to be milled; 11. Cylindrical surface; 2. Cutter shaft section; 21. Extension part; 3. Milling section; 31. Rotating shaft body; 32. Arc-shaped concave part; 4. Spherical milling cutter. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Currently, the main structure of some aircraft includes one or more cabin structures. Connectors are required to connect or reinforce between cabins or between cabins and other adjacent structures. Among them, a common type of strip-shaped connector is often used. The length of this connector is usually relatively large compared to its thickness, and the top or bottom surface has a certain arc in the thickness direction.

[0029] Generally, the processing method for such connectors is ball-end milling on the curved surface, that is, a ball-end milling cutter 4 is used to mill along the entire arc surface in two-dimensional directions, as Figure 4 shown. However, in such a processing method, the processing range of the ball-end milling cutter 4 is small, and it needs to travel in multiple directions and dimensions, resulting in low work efficiency. Moreover, the tolerance dimensions are easily affected by the structure of the ball-end milling cutter 4 itself and the machining path, making it difficult to ensure machining accuracy. In addition, the multi-directional travel method may also cause problems such as tool sticking and poor chip evacuation, thereby reducing the surface finish and yield rate of the parts.

[0030] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with Figures 1 to 3 to describe the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a part processing method applicable to a milling cutter structure for processing a part to be milled.

[0032] The part to be milled includes a part to be milled 1 in the shape of a long strip plate. The part to be milled 1 is adapted to be formed with a partial cylindrical surface 11 under the action of the milling cutter structure. The central axis of the cylindrical surface 11 is in the same direction as the length direction of the part to be milled 1. In this embodiment, the part to be milled only includes the part to be milled 1. As an alternative embodiment, the part to be milled may also be provided with other structures connected to the part to be milled 1. In this embodiment, the part to be milled is a connecting bar for an aircraft cabin, specifically a connecting bar for a missile cabin, and can also be a part on other structures, such as an aircraft, a rocket, a drone, etc.

[0033] The milling cutter structure includes a cutter shaft section 2 and a milling section 3.

[0034] The cutter shaft section 2 includes a base and an extension 21 arranged on the same axis and connected axially. The extension 21 is adapted to rotate circumferentially along the axis under the clamping of an external machine tool.

[0035] The milling section 3 includes at least two side cutting parts, specifically two, three or more. The side cutting parts are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the base to avoid uneven stress. The side cutting parts and the base rotate circumferentially along the axis driven by the extension part 21 and form a rotating shaft body 31. The rotating shaft body 31 is columnar. In the radial cross-section of the rotating shaft body 31 along the axis, arc-shaped concave parts 32 that are symmetric along the axis and have equal inner diameters are provided on both sides away from the axis. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped concave part 32 is equal to the inner diameter of the cross-section of the cylindrical surface 11. Here, the cross-section of the cylindrical surface 11 refers to the cross-section perpendicular to the central axis.

[0036] The part processing method includes:

[0037] Obtain the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled 1, and correspondingly adjust and set the first set of processing parameters, the second set of processing parameters and the third set of processing parameters. Specifically, in this embodiment, each set of processing parameters at least includes rotational speed, feed rate, cutting amount and remaining machining allowance. As a changeable implementation method, the number of groups of processing parameters can be more than three groups, and other processing steps can be added correspondingly. In this embodiment, the structural thickness refers to the direction in which the part to be milled 1 is perpendicular to the extension length and the cylindrical surface 11 is provided at at least one end in the extension direction.

[0038] Adjust the milling cutter structure according to the first set of processing parameters, drive the milling cutter structure to contact and mill the part to be milled, and move relatively along the central axis direction of the cylindrical surface 11 to complete the first rough machining;

[0039] Adjust the milling cutter structure according to the second set of processing parameters, drive the milling cutter structure to contact and mill the part to be milled, and move relatively along the central axis direction of the cylindrical surface 11 to complete the second rough machining;

[0040] Adjust the milling cutter structure according to the third set of processing parameters, drive the milling cutter structure and the part to be milled, and move relatively along the central axis direction of the cylindrical surface 11 to complete the finish machining.

[0041] In this embodiment, in the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining, the milling cutter structure moves relative to the part to be milled under the action of a machine tool or other external forces. As a changeable implementation method, the part to be milled can also move relative to the milling cutter structure under the action of external forces. In addition, the relative movement of the milling cutter structure along the central axis direction of the cylindrical surface 11 can be single or multiple reciprocations, and its movement mode is adaptively adjusted according to data such as the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled 1.

[0042] By setting the milling cutter structure to include a coaxial base and an extension part 21, and a side cutter part is arranged on the base, a rotating shaft body 31 with an arc-shaped concave part 32 is formed by the rotation of the side cutter part. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped concave part 32 is equal to the inner diameter of the cross-section of the cylindrical surface 11 of the part to be milled on the part to be milled. With such a milling cutter structure, the contact area with the part to be milled 1 is relatively large. During the movement along the central axis of the cylindrical surface 11, linear movement can form the cutting process of the cylindrical surface 11, without the need for cutting in multiple spatial directions, improving the processing efficiency. And because the two inner diameters are equal, the cutting process is easy to adjust and control, the tolerance size is not easily affected, and the processing accuracy is relatively high. At the same time, it avoids the problems of poor chip evacuation or tool sticking that may occur during the multi-directional movement due to direction change.

[0043] On the basis of setting the milling cutter structure, according to the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled 1 of the milling cutter structure, the first set of processing parameters, the second set of processing parameters and the third set of processing parameters are correspondingly set. Since the inner diameter of the arc-shaped concave part 32 is equal to the inner diameter of the cross-section of the cylindrical surface 11 of the part to be milled on the part to be milled, compared with the ball cutter climbing surface machining, the contact range between the milling cutter structure and the part to be machined is relatively large, and the processing resistance is relatively large. By setting at least three sets of processing parameters and at least corresponding to the processing methods of the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining, the problems of tool breakage or large wear during the processing can be avoided. At the same time, since the part to be milled 1 is strip-shaped and the central axis of the cylindrical surface 11 is in the same direction as the length direction of the strip-shaped part to be milled 1, the milling cutter structure can avoid the interference of other structures on the part to be milled on the movement of the milling cutter structure during the cutting process, ensuring the linear movement form of the milling cutter structure in the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining.

[0044] Preferably, in the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining, the axis of the extension part 21 is perpendicular to the central axis of the cylindrical surface 11. With such a setting, on the one hand, it is convenient to calibrate the relative movement direction between the milling cutter structure and the part to be milled, avoiding travel deviation; on the other hand, when the milling cutter structure contacts the part to be milled 1, the contact point position is relatively controllable, which is convenient to strengthen the corresponding material, structure and cooling according to the contact position of the side cutter part. As a changeable implementation method, in at least one of the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the finish machining, the axis of the extension part 21 can form a non-ninety-degree angle with the central axis of the cylindrical surface 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, the material of the part to be milled 1 is a metal material, specifically titanium alloy, and it can also be other single metals or alloys, such as ferroalloy, etc. The extension length range of the part to be milled 1 is from 60 mm to 500 mm, and specifically can be 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, 120 mm, 140 mm, 160 mm, 180 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, etc.; the structural thickness range of the part to be milled 1 is from 2 mm to 20 mm, and specifically can be 20 mm, 18 mm, 16 mm, 14 mm, 12 mm, 10 mm, 8 mm, 6 mm, 4 mm, 2 mm, etc. The inner diameter range of the arc-shaped concave part 32 is from 100 mm to 500 mm. Specifically, it can be 100 mm, 120 mm, 140 mm, 160 mm, 180 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm, etc.

[0046] In this embodiment, according to the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled 1 above, through experimental adjustment, the first set of machining parameters are correspondingly set to include: the rotational speed is from 6000 to 10000 revolutions per minute, the feed rate is from 3000 to 5000 mm per minute, the cutting amount is from 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and the remaining machining allowance is from 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

[0047] According to the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled 1 above, through experimental adjustment, the second set of machining parameters include: the rotational speed is from 6000 to 10000 revolutions per minute, the feed rate is from 3000 to 5000 mm per minute, the cutting amount is from 0.15 to 0.25 mm, and the remaining machining allowance is from 0.05 to 0.15 mm.

[0048] According to the material, extension length and structural thickness of the part to be milled 1 above, through experimental adjustment, the third set of machining parameters include: the rotational speed is from 1000 to 1500 revolutions per minute, the feed rate is from 160 to 240 mm per minute, the cutting amount is from 0.08 to 0.12 mm, and there is no remaining machining allowance.

[0049] Further preferably, the first set of machining parameters include: the rotational speed is 8000 revolutions per minute, the feed rate is 4000 mm per minute, the cutting amount is 0.3 mm, and the remaining machining allowance is 0.3 mm; the second set of machining parameters include: the rotational speed is 8000 revolutions per minute, the feed rate is 4000 mm per minute, the cutting amount is 0.2 mm, and the remaining machining allowance is 0.1 mm; the third set of machining parameters include: the rotational speed is 1200 revolutions per minute, the feed rate is 200 mm per minute, the cutting amount is 0.1 mm, and there is no remaining machining allowance.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A parts processing method, applicable to a milling cutter structure, wherein the milling cutter structure is suitable for processing a part to be milled, wherein the part to be milled comprises a long strip-shaped part to be milled (1), wherein the part to be milled (1) is suitable for being formed with a partial cylindrical surface (11) under the action of the milling cutter structure, wherein the central axis of the cylindrical surface (11) is in the same direction as the length direction of the part to be milled (1), and the milling cutter structure comprises: A tool shaft section (2) and a milling section (3), wherein the tool shaft section (2) comprises a base and an extension section (21) arranged on the same axis and connected in the axial direction, wherein the extension section (21) is suitable for rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis when clamped by a machine tool, and wherein the milling section (3) comprises at least two side cutter sections, wherein the side cutter sections are evenly spaced along the circumference of the base section, wherein the side cutter sections and the base section rotate in the circumferential direction of the axis under the drive of the extension section (21) and are formed with a rotating shaft body (31), wherein the rotating shaft body (31) has a radial cross section along the axis, and has arc-shaped inner concave sections (32) symmetrical along the axis and having equal inner diameters on both sides away from the axis, wherein the inner diameter of the arc-shaped inner concave section (32) is equal to the inner diameter of the cross section of the cylindrical surface (11), and wherein the method comprises: Obtaining the material, extension length and structure thickness of the part to be milled (1), and adjusting and setting the first group of processing parameters, the second group of processing parameters and the third group of processing parameters accordingly; The milling cutter structure is adjusted according to the first set of machining parameters, and the milling cutter structure is driven to contact and mill the part to be milled, and relatively move along the direction of the center axis of the cylindrical surface (11) to complete the first rough machining; The milling cutter structure is adjusted according to the second set of machining parameters, and the milling cutter structure is driven to contact and mill the part to be milled, and relatively move along the direction of the center axis of the cylindrical surface (11) to complete the second rough machining; The milling cutter structure is adjusted according to the third set of machining parameters, and the milling cutter structure and the part to be milled are driven to move relative to each other along the direction of the center axis of the cylindrical surface (11) to complete the finishing process.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the first rough machining, the second rough machining and the fine machining, the axis of the extension portion (21) is perpendicular to the center axis of the cylindrical surface (11).

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the part to be milled (1) is metal; The extension length of the portion to be milled (1) ranges from 60 mm to 500 mm; The structure thickness of the portion to be milled (1) ranges from 2 mm to 20 mm.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The material of the part to be milled (1) is titanium alloy.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner diameter of the arc-shaped inner concave portion (32) ranges from 100 mm to 500 mm.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first set of machining parameters includes: a rotation speed of 6000 to 10000 rpm, a feed speed of 3000 to 5000 mm / min, a cutting amount of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and a remaining machining allowance of 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second set of machining parameters includes: a rotation speed of 6000 to 10000 rpm, a feed speed of 3000 to 5000 mm / min, a cutting amount of 0.15 to 0.25 mm, and a remaining machining allowance of 0.05 to 0.15 mm.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The third group of machining parameters includes: a rotation speed of 1000 to 1500 rpm, a feed speed of 160 to 240 mm / min, a cutting amount of 0.08 to 0.12 mm, and no remaining machining allowance.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first set of machining parameters includes: a rotation speed of 8000 rpm, a feed speed of 4000 mm / min, a cutting amount of 0.3 mm, and a remaining machining allowance of 0.3 mm; The second set of machining parameters includes: a rotation speed of 8000 rpm, a feed speed of 4000 mm / min, a cutting amount of 0.2 mm, and a remaining machining allowance of 0.1 mm; The third group of machining parameters includes: a rotation speed of 1200 rpm, a feed speed of 200 mm / min, a cutting amount of 0.1 mm, and no remaining machining allowance.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The part to be milled is an aircraft cabin connecting strip.

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