A fastener cold heading and tapping integrated device

Abstract

The application provides a fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment, and belongs to the technical field of cold heading and tapping. The equipment comprises a workbench, a bearing mechanism, a forming mechanism, a moving mechanism, a tapping mechanism and a tapping die seat mechanism, further comprises a shielding backflow assembly and a detection blanking assembly. The rotation of the laser sensor and the electromagnetic plate can detect the nut from different angles and positions, so as to avoid the detection blind area. When the electromagnetic plate is rotated to the inclined state, the space structure formed by the high position on both sides of the die seat box can shield the external light interference. The electromagnetic plate not only provides the installation base for the laser sensor and drives the sensor to change the angle to realize the multi-angle detection, but also participates in the blanking process after the detection is qualified. By controlling the rotation angle of the electromagnetic plate, the contact and separation of the arc-shaped plate and the contact switch are utilized to trigger the blanking signal, so as to realize the integration of the detection and blanking functions. The vibration generated when the nut is adsorbed on the electromagnetic plate can not only shake off the oil dirt, but also reduce the stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cold heading and tapping, in particular to a fastener cold heading and tapping integrated device. Background Art

[0002] Cold heading and tapping are two key processes in the manufacturing of nuts. Cold heading is the initial shaping of the nut blank through pressure processing, while tapping is the process of machining threads on the cold-forged nut to meet the nut's usage requirements.

[0003] The existing cold heading tapping technology for nuts has some problems in practical application: First, in the tapping process, in order to ensure the lubrication and cooling effect between the tapping head and the nut, it is necessary to spray a flow of lubricating oil onto the tapping part. However, since the oil flow generally adopts an inclined spraying method, the high-speed rotation of the tapping head and the rebound force generated by the nut during the tapping process will inevitably cause the lubricating oil flow to splash. This splashing lubricating oil will not only pollute the working environment, but also adhere to other parts of the equipment, increasing the difficulty and workload of subsequent cleaning work; second, in the existing processing technology, there is generally a lack of a timely detection mechanism for the tapping process and post-tapping quality of the nut. Generally, after the tapping is completed, the nuts are directly collected and cut. This makes it difficult to accurately and quickly detect the tapping quality of each nut in the subsequent inspection process because the nuts have been collected together. Moreover, if quality problems are found in the nuts in the subsequent inspection, it is difficult to trace them back to the specific processing links and equipment status, which is not conducive to timely adjustment of the processing technology and equipment parameters, thereby affecting the overall quality and production efficiency of the product.

[0004] How to invent a fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment to solve these problems has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an integrated cold heading and tapping device for fasteners, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the above background.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] The present invention provides an integrated cold heading and tapping device for fasteners, comprising a workbench, wherein the workbench is provided with a carrying mechanism, a forming mechanism, a moving mechanism, a tapping mechanism, and a tapping die holder mechanism, wherein the carrying mechanism is located between the forming mechanism and the tapping mechanism, and a collection box is plugged and installed at one end of the workbench away from the forming mechanism, and the tapping die holder mechanism moves on the workbench surface via the moving mechanism, and its moving range is between the carrying mechanism and the collection box, and further comprising:

[0008] Backflow shielding assembly: The backflow shielding assembly is arranged on the tapping die base mechanism and the workbench located directly below the tapping mechanism;

[0009] Detection and blanking component: The detection and blanking component is arranged on the backflow shielding component.

[0010] Preferably, the supporting mechanism includes a connecting tube and a reducer and two bearing seats fixedly mounted on the workbench. The output shaft of the reducer is rotatably connected to the two bearing seats. A shock-absorbing sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the reducer located between the two bearing seats. The connecting tube is fixedly arranged on the shock-absorbing sleeve. A plurality of clamping seats are equidistantly mounted in a ring shape on the connecting tube. A plurality of cavities are provided on the clamping seat. The bottom of the cavity is fixedly connected to a positioning column and a spring. The end of the spring is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic block.

[0011] Preferably, the mold cavity and the electromagnetic block are both hexagonal in shape, and there is a gap between the bottom wall of the electromagnetic block and the top of the positioning column in an initial state.

[0012] Preferably, the forming mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixed on the table top of the workbench, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat, and a punch head is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the punch head is matched with the holder. Before cold forging, the nut blank is placed in the cavity and adsorbed and fixed by the electromagnetic block, and the cavity is rotated to face the punch head by using the connecting tube, and finally the cold forging treatment is performed by the punch head. After the treatment is completed, the connecting tube continues to rotate. When the cold-forged nut faces the table top of the workbench and the tapping die seat mechanism moves to directly below the supporting mechanism, the electromagnetic block is powered off, and the cold-forged nut will automatically fall onto the tapping die seat mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the tapping die base mechanism includes a die base box, a plurality of positioning cavities are provided on the die base box, the positioning cavities are arranged corresponding to the mold cavity and matched with the nut, an oil guide groove is provided at the edge of the positioning cavity, an oil leakage hole is opened at the bottom of the positioning cavity, a chamfered groove is provided between the die base box and the upper end of the positioning cavity, the depth of the positioning cavity is less than the thickness of the nut, the moving mechanism includes a moving motor, a lead screw, a limit seat and a guide rail, the moving motor, the limit seat and the guide rail are all fixedly arranged on the workbench, the output end of the moving motor is fixedly connected with a lead screw, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the limit seat, the lead screw is threadedly connected to the die base box, and slides matching the guide rails are installed on the bottom of both sides of the die base box.

[0014] Preferably, the tapping mechanism includes a support frame, a hydraulic cylinder 2 and an oil collecting box, the top of the support frame is fixedly installed with a hydraulic cylinder 2, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, the oil collecting box is fixedly installed on the connecting seat, and a plurality of tapping motors are fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting seat, the output end of the tapping motor is fixedly connected to a tapping head, the distribution of the tapping heads is arranged corresponding to the positioning cavity, the side wall of the oil collecting box is provided with a liquid filling port, the liquid filling port is connected to the output end of the external oil supply pump, the lower side wall of the oil collecting box is connected to a plurality of oil outlet pipes, and the lower end port of the oil outlet pipe is inclined and arranged toward the lower end of the tapping head.

[0015] Preferably, the reflux blocking assembly includes an electromagnetic plate, an electric cylinder, a filter plate and a mounting groove opened in the tapping die base mechanism, the end of the electromagnetic plate is fixedly connected to the limiting shaft, the electromagnetic plate is rotatably connected to the die base box through the limiting shaft, one end of the electromagnetic plate extends into the mounting groove, the electric cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the die base box, the output end of the electric cylinder passes through the side wall of the mounting groove and extends into the mounting groove, the output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to a rack, and a gear is fixedly connected to the limiting shaft located inside the mounting groove, the rack is meshed with the gear, the side wall of the rack is against the side wall of the mounting groove, the filter plate is located directly below the connecting seat, and an oil return box is installed on the lower side wall of the workbench corresponding to the filter plate.

[0016] Preferably, the mold base box is high on both sides and concave in the middle, and the filter plate can cover the concave area of ​​the mold base box.

[0017] Preferably, the detection and blanking component includes a plurality of laser sensors, an annular groove provided on the side wall of the gear, and a contact switch fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove. The laser sensors are equidistantly distributed on the electromagnetic plate. The electromagnetic plate is provided with a positioning groove matching the laser sensor. An arc plate is fixedly installed inside the annular groove. There is a distance between the contact switch and the opposite surface of the annular groove, and it is flush with the opposite surface of the arc plate. The contact switch is electrically connected to the electromagnetic plate, and the concave edge of the mold base box corresponding to the electromagnetic plate is provided with an angle.

[0018] Preferably, the plurality of laser sensors are distributed in a multi-segment broken line shape, each positioning cavity corresponds to two laser sensors, and the two laser sensors are respectively located at adjacent turning points of the broken lines. When the angle between the electromagnetic plate and the top surface of the mold base box recess is less than 180 degrees, the contact switch contacts the arc plate; when the angle between the electromagnetic plate and the top surface of the mold base box recess is not less than 180 degrees, the contact switch does not contact the arc plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This equipment integrates the cold heading and tapping processes to achieve continuous processing of nuts, reduce the turnover time and manual operation between processes, and greatly improve production efficiency. Multiple cavities are set on the annular holder of the carrying mechanism, which can prepare for cold heading of multiple nuts at the same time. The multiple tapping heads of the tapping mechanism correspond to multiple positioning cavities, which can tap multiple nuts at the same time, further improving processing efficiency.

[0021] 2. Multiple laser sensors are distributed in a multi-segment broken line pattern on the electromagnetic plate. Each positioning cavity corresponds to two sensors located at adjacent turning points of the broken line. With the rotation of the electromagnetic plate, the nut can be detected from different angles and positions, covering more areas of the nut surface, capturing information from different sides and parts, avoiding detection blind spots, and constructing more complete three-dimensional shape information of the nut, thereby more comprehensively and accurately judging the placement of the nut and the tapping quality.

[0022] 3. When the electromagnetic plate rotates to an inclined state, the spatial structure formed with the high points on both sides of the mold base box can block external light interference, creating a relatively stable optical environment for laser sensor detection; the multi-segment zigzag distribution of the sensor layout can enable the sensor to avoid the direct spray or splash area of ​​the lubricating oil. Even if a small amount of lubricating oil splashes onto the sensor, it will not have a significant impact on the detection, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0023] 4. The electromagnetic plate not only provides an installation base for the laser sensor, driving the sensor to change angles for multi-angle detection, but also participates in the blanking process after qualified detection. By controlling the rotation angle of the electromagnetic plate and utilizing the contact and separation of the arc plate and the contact switch, the blanking signal is triggered, realizing the integration of detection and blanking functions and improving the overall operating efficiency of the equipment. The vibration generated when the nut is adsorbed onto the electromagnetic plate can, on the one hand, shake off the oil and debris mixture on the nut, ensuring the cleanliness of the nut, which is beneficial for subsequent use or processing; on the other hand, it can reduce the stress of the nut during tapping, making the internal structure of the nut more stable, reducing the risk of damage caused by stress concentration, and improving the quality and service life of the nut.

[0024] 5. During the tapping operation, the electric cylinder drives the rack and gear to rotate the electromagnetic plate to the appropriate position. The die base box is set high on both sides and concave in the middle, which shields the splashing lubricating oil, facilitates the collection and flow of lubricating oil, prevents lubricating oil from splashing, and reduces the difficulty and workload of subsequent cleaning work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the filter plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connecting tube of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the nut after cold heading and tapping during discharge of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention during tapping;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when inspecting a nut after tapping;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electromagnetic plate and the mold base box of the present invention when they are attached together;

[0034] Figure 9 The present invention Figure 8 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the oil return box of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 The present invention Figure 10 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle;

[0037] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the laser sensor of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mounting groove when the electromagnetic plate and the mold base box are attached to each other;

[0039] Figure 14 The present invention Figure 13 The enlarged structural diagram at D in the middle;

[0040] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the contact switch of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. Workbench; 2. Carrying mechanism; 3. Forming mechanism; 4. Moving mechanism; 5. Tapping mechanism; 6. Tapping die holder mechanism; 7. Filter plate; 8. Collecting box; 9. Electric cylinder; 21. Reducer; 22. Bearing seat; 23. Shock-absorbing sleeve; 24. Connecting cylinder; 25. Clamping seat; 26. Cavity; 31. Hydraulic cylinder 1; 32. Mounting seat; 33. Punching head; 41. Moving motor; 42. Lead screw; 43. Limiting seat; 44. Guide rail; 51. Support frame; 52. Hydraulic cylinder 2; 53. Connecting seat. 54. Tapping motor; 55. Oil collecting box; 61. Die base box; 62. Positioning cavity; 63. Electromagnetic plate; 71. Oil return box; 91. Rack; 92. Gear; 261. Positioning column; 262. Spring; 263. Electromagnetic block; 441. Slide; 541. Tapping head; 551. Liquid filling port; 552. Oil outlet pipe; 611. Mounting groove; 621. Oil guide groove; 622. Oil leakage hole; 631. Limit shaft; 632. Laser sensor; 921. Ring groove; 922. Arc plate; 923. Contact switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-10 A fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment includes a workbench 1, on which are provided a carrying mechanism 2, a forming mechanism 3, a moving mechanism 4, a tapping mechanism 5, and a tapping die holder mechanism 6. The carrying mechanism 2 is located between the forming mechanism 3 and the tapping mechanism 5. A collection box 8 is installed at one end of the workbench 1 away from the forming mechanism 3 for collecting processed nuts to facilitate subsequent sorting and transportation. The tapping die holder mechanism 6 moves on the table of the workbench 1 via the moving mechanism 4, and its movement range is between the carrying mechanism 2 and the collection box 8. This layout enables the various mechanisms to cooperate in an orderly manner to complete the integrated operation of cold heading and tapping. The equipment also includes:

[0044] Backflow blocking assembly: The backflow blocking assembly is arranged on the tapping die base mechanism 6 and the workbench 1 located directly below the tapping mechanism 5;

[0045] Detection and blanking component: The detection and blanking component is set on the shielding reflux component.

[0046] Furthermore, the supporting mechanism 2 includes a connecting tube 24 and a reducer 21 and two bearing seats 22 fixedly mounted on the workbench 1. The output shaft of the reducer 21 is rotatably connected to the two bearing seats 22. A shock-absorbing sleeve 23 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the reducer 21 located between the two bearing seats 22. The connecting tube 24 is fixedly set on the shock-absorbing sleeve 23. A plurality of holders 25 are equidistantly mounted in a ring shape on the connecting tube 24. A plurality of cavities 26 are provided on the holder 25. The bottom of the cavity 26 is fixedly connected to a positioning column 261 and a spring 262. The end of the spring 262 is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic block 263.

[0047] The cavity 26 and the electromagnetic block 263 are both hexagonal in shape, matching the shape of the nut to ensure the stability of the nut during processing. In the initial state, there is a gap between the bottom wall of the electromagnetic block 263 and the top of the positioning column 261 to ensure that the spring 262 can play a buffering role.

[0048] The forming mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder 31 and a mounting seat 32. The mounting seat 32 is fixed on the table of the workbench 1. The hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat 32. A punch head 33 is mounted on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31. The punch head 33 is matched with the holder 25. The punch head 33 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 31 to perform cold heading treatment on the nut blank in the cavity 26 to form the nut blank. Before cold heading, the nut blank is placed in the cavity 26 and fixed by the electromagnetic block 263. The cavity 26 is rotated to face the punch head 33 by the connecting tube 24. Finally, the punch head 33 is used to perform cold heading treatment. After the processing is completed, the connecting cylinder 24 continues to rotate. When the cold-forged nut faces the table surface of the workbench 1 and the tapping die base mechanism 6 moves to the bottom of the supporting mechanism 2, the electromagnetic block 263 is powered off, and the cold-forged nut will automatically fall onto the tapping die base mechanism 6. The moving motor 41 drives the lead screw 42 to rotate, so that the die base box 61 moves along the guide rail 44. Its moving range is between the supporting mechanism 2 and the collecting box 8, which realizes the process of receiving the cold-forged nut from the supporting mechanism 2, and then moving it to the tapping mechanism 5 for tapping, and finally transporting the tapped nut to the collecting box 8, thereby ensuring the continuity of the production process.

[0049] The tapping die base mechanism 6 includes a die base box 61, which is provided with a plurality of positioning cavities 62. The positioning cavity 62 is arranged corresponding to the cavity 26 and matches the nut, and is used to accurately place the nut after cold heading to prepare for the tapping process. An oil guide groove 621 is provided at the edge of the positioning cavity 62, and an oil leakage hole 622 is provided at the bottom of the positioning cavity 62 to facilitate the flow and discharge of the lubricating oil injected during the tapping process, thereby lubricating and cooling the tapping head 541 and the nut and preventing oil accumulation. A chamfered groove is provided between the die base box 61 and the upper end of the positioning cavity 62 to facilitate the nut to fall into the positioning cavity. 62, it can also guide the oil flow. The depth of the positioning cavity 62 is less than the thickness of the nut, which is convenient for the subsequent removal of the nut and ensures that it will not interfere with the positioning cavity 62. The moving mechanism 4 includes a moving motor 41, a screw 42, a limit seat 43 and a guide rail 44. The moving motor 41, the limit seat 43 and the guide rail 44 are all fixedly arranged on the workbench 1. The output end of the moving motor 41 is fixedly connected to the screw 42, the screw 42 is rotatably connected to the limit seat 43, the screw 42 is threadedly connected to the mold base box 61, and slides 441 matching the guide rails 44 are installed on the bottom of both sides of the mold base box 61.

[0050] The tapping mechanism 5 includes a support frame 51, a hydraulic cylinder 2 52 and an oil collecting box 55. The top of the support frame 51 is fixedly installed with a hydraulic cylinder 2 52. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 52 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 53. The oil collecting box 55 is fixedly installed on the connecting seat 53. A plurality of tapping motors 54 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting seat 53. The output end of the tapping motor 54 is fixedly connected to a tapping head 541. The distribution of the tapping head 541 corresponds to the positioning cavity 62 to ensure that each nut can be tapped accurately. The hydraulic cylinder 2 52 drives the connecting seat 53 to move up and down, so that the tapping head 541 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting seat 53. 41 can approach or move away from the nut for tapping operations, and the tapping motor 54 drives the tapping head 541 to rotate to tap the nut. The side wall of the oil collecting box 55 is provided with a liquid injection port 551, and the liquid injection port 551 is connected to the output end of the external oil supply pump. The lower side wall of the oil collecting box 55 is connected to multiple oil outlet pipes 552, and the lower end port of the oil outlet pipe 552 is inclined and arranged toward the lower end of the tapping head 541. Lubricating oil is injected into the lower end of the tapping head 541 through the oil outlet pipe 552, which plays a lubricating and cooling role, and can also discharge chips, thereby improving the tapping quality and the service life of the tapping head 541.

[0051] In this embodiment, the operator places the nut blank into the cavity 26 of the supporting mechanism 2. At this time, the electromagnetic block 263 is energized to generate magnetic force, which adsorbs and fixes the nut blank. The reducer 21 works, and its output shaft rotates under the support of the two bearing seats 22. The connecting cylinder 24 is driven to rotate through the shock-absorbing sleeve 23, and the cavity 26 containing the nut blank is rotated to a position opposite to the punch head 33 of the forming mechanism 3; the hydraulic cylinder 31 of the forming mechanism 3 is started, and its output end pushes the punch head 33 to move toward the nut blank in the cavity 26, exerting pressure on the nut blank, causing it to undergo plastic deformation in the cavity 26, completing the cold heading forming. During the stamping process, the spring 262 plays a buffering role, reducing the impact of the impact force on the equipment and the nut blank.

[0052] After the cold forging is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the punch head 33 to retract, and the reducer 21 continues to drive the connecting tube 24 to rotate, rotating the cold-forged nut to the table surface facing the workbench 1. The moving motor 41 of the moving mechanism 4 is started to drive the screw 42 to rotate. Since the screw 42 is threadedly connected to the die base box 61, the slides 441 at the bottom of both sides of the die base box 61 move along the guide rails 44, so that the die base box 61 moves to the bottom of the supporting mechanism 2. At this time, the electromagnetic block 263 is powered off and loses its magnetic force. The cold-forged nut automatically falls into the positioning cavity 62 of the die base box 61 under the action of gravity. The positioning cavity 62 matches the nut to ensure that the nut is accurately placed.

[0053] The moving motor 41 continues to drive the screw 42 to rotate, so that the die base box 61 moves along the guide rail 44 to the bottom of the tapping mechanism 5, and the hydraulic cylinder 2 52 of the tapping mechanism 5 is started, driving the connecting seat 53 to move downward, so that the tapping head 541 approaches the nut in the positioning cavity 62, and the tapping motor 54 is started, driving the tapping head 541 to rotate and tap the nut. At the same time, the external oil supply pump injects lubricating oil into the oil collecting box 55 through the liquid injection port 551, and the lubricating oil flows obliquely to the lower end of the tapping head 541 through the oil outlet pipe 552, lubricating and cooling the tapping head 541 and the nut, and discharging the chips generated during the tapping process.

[0054] After tapping is completed, hydraulic cylinder 2 52 drives the connecting seat 53 to move upward, so that the tapping head 541 is away from the nut. The moving motor 41 drives the screw 42 to rotate again, so that the die base box 61 moves along the guide rail 44 to the top of the collection box 8. The tapped nut escapes from the positioning cavity 62 and falls into the collection box 8, completing the entire processing process.

[0055] This equipment integrates the two processes of cold heading and tapping. Through reasonable layout and orderly cooperation of various mechanisms, it realizes continuous processing of nuts, reduces the turnover time and manual operation between processes, and greatly improves production efficiency. Multiple cavities 26 are set on the annular holder 25 of the supporting mechanism 2, which can prepare for cold heading of multiple nuts at the same time. The multiple tapping heads 541 of the tapping mechanism 5 correspond to multiple positioning cavities 62, which can tap multiple nuts at the same time, further improving processing efficiency; the injection of lubricating oil plays the role of lubrication, cooling and chip removal, reduces the wear and heat of the tapping head 541, improves the tapping quality, and also reduces the roughness of the nut surface, thereby improving the overall quality of the product; the oil guide groove 621 and the oil leakage hole 622 of the positioning cavity 62 facilitate the flow and discharge of lubricating oil, which can realize the recycling of lubricating oil and reduce the consumption cost of lubricating oil.

[0056] Example 2, refer to Figure 6-Figure 12 The backflow blocking component includes an electromagnetic plate 63, an electric cylinder 9, a filter plate 7, and a mounting groove 611 opened in the tapping die base mechanism 6. The end of the electromagnetic plate 63 is fixedly connected to the limit shaft 631. The electromagnetic plate 63 is rotatably connected to the die base box 61 through the limit shaft 631. One end of the electromagnetic plate 63 extends into the mounting groove 611. The electric cylinder 9 is fixed on the side wall of the die base box 61. The output end of the electric cylinder 9 passes through the side wall of the mounting groove 611 and extends into the mounting groove 611. The electric cylinder The output end of 9 is fixedly connected to a rack 91, and a gear 92 is fixedly connected to the limiting shaft 631 located inside the mounting groove 611. The rack 91 is meshed with the gear 92, and the side wall of the rack 91 is against the side wall of the mounting groove 611, which can limit the rack 91. The filter plate 7 is located directly below the connecting seat 53 and is used to filter the falling oil flow. An oil return box 71 is installed on the lower side wall of the workbench 1 corresponding to the filter plate 7 for centralized recovery of the filtered oil.

[0057] It should be noted that the mold base box 61 is high on both sides and concave in the middle, which matches the structure of the connecting tube 24. The filter plate 7 can cover the concave area of ​​the mold base box 61 to ensure that the oil can effectively fall onto the filter plate 7.

[0058] In this embodiment, during the tapping process, the oil collecting box 55 injects lubricating oil into the lower end of the tapping head 541 through the oil outlet pipe 552 to achieve lubrication and cooling. However, the lubricating oil may splash around under the drive of the high-speed rotating tapping head 541. The electromagnetic plate 63 can rotate around the limit shaft 631. When the tapping operation starts, the electric cylinder 9 drives the rack 91 to move. Through the engagement of the rack 91 and the gear 92, the electromagnetic plate 63 is rotated to a suitable position, which plays a shielding role for the splashing lubricating oil, prevents the lubricating oil from splashing out of the equipment, keeps the working environment clean, and avoids the lubricating oil from contaminating the surrounding equipment and the ground. The difficulty and workload of subsequent cleaning work are reduced. The mold base box 61 is high on both sides and concave in the middle. This shape design is conducive to the collection and flow of lubricating oil. During the tapping process, the lubricating oil flowing out of the positioning cavity 62 will naturally gather in the concave area of ​​the mold base box 61, and then flow into the return oil box 71 through the filter plate 7. The high structure on both sides can prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing the mold base box 61, ensuring that the lubricating oil can be effectively collected and filtered, thereby improving the efficiency of lubricating oil recovery. Under the shielding of the electromagnetic plate 63 and the high places on both sides of the mold base box 61, the oil flow can be correctly guided to fall into the area where the filter plate 7 is located.

[0059] During the tapping process, the lubricating oil carries with it chips and impurities generated by tapping. The filter plate 7 is located directly below the connecting seat 53 and can cover the recessed area of ​​the die base box 61. When the lubricating oil flows out of the oil leakage hole 622 of the positioning cavity 62, it flows through the filter plate 7. The filter plate 7 can filter the chips and impurities in the lubricating oil, preventing these impurities from re-entering the lubricating oil circulation system and preventing impurities from causing wear and scratches on the tapping head 541 and the nut, thereby ensuring the tapping quality and the normal operation of the equipment. The filter plate 7 also plays a role in stabilizing the oil flow. When the lubricating oil passes through the filter plate 7, its flow speed and direction are adjusted to a certain extent, allowing the lubricating oil to flow more evenly into the return oil box 71, avoiding problems such as local oil accumulation or oil splashing caused by oil flow turbulence. The return oil box 71 collects the lubricating oil and realizes its recycling and reuse. This not only reduces the consumption cost of the lubricating oil, but also meets environmental protection requirements and reduces environmental pollution.

[0060] The oil return box 71 can be cleaned and inspected regularly, making it convenient for the operator to monitor the quality and usage of the lubricating oil. If it is found that there are too many impurities in the lubricating oil or the lubricating oil performance has declined, it can be replaced or processed in time to ensure the lubrication effect and normal operation of the equipment.

[0061] In summary, this setting of the reflux shielding component effectively solves the problems of lubricating oil splashing, impurity treatment and recycling during tapping through the synergistic effect of various components, improves the operating stability and reliability of the equipment, reduces production costs, and also improves the working environment.

[0062] Example 3, refer to Figure 12-15 The blanking detection component includes multiple laser sensors 632, an annular groove 921 provided on the side wall of the gear 92, and a contact switch 923 fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove 611. The laser sensors 632 are evenly distributed on the electromagnetic plate 63. The electromagnetic plate 63 is provided with a positioning groove matching the laser sensor 632. The laser sensor 632 works on the principle of laser reflection. By measuring the time difference from the laser being emitted to being reflected back to the sensor, the distance to the nut surface is calculated. Through comprehensive analysis of the measurement data of multiple laser sensors 632, it can be determined whether the nut is correctly placed in the positioning cavity 62, whether there is any tilt, offset, etc. For example, if the distance measured by a certain laser sensor 632 deviates greatly from the standard value, it may indicate that the nut is not properly positioned in the positioning cavity 62. It indicates that the nut is improperly placed or deformed. During the tapping process, the laser sensor 632 can also monitor the tapping depth, pitch and other parameters in real time. By comparing the changes in the nut surface height measured by the laser sensor 632 before and after tapping, it can be judged whether the tapping depth meets the requirements. By analyzing the reflected light information of the thread shape on the nut surface, it can be detected whether the pitch is uniform and the tooth shape is complete, so as to ensure the tapping quality. An arc plate 922 is fixedly installed inside the annular groove 921. There is a distance between the contact switch 923 and the opposite surface of the annular groove 921, and it is flush with the opposite surface of the arc plate 922. The contact switch 923 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic plate 63, and the concave edge of the mold base box 61 corresponding to the electromagnetic plate 63 is provided with a bevel.

[0063] It should be noted that the multiple laser sensors 632 are distributed in a multi-segment broken line shape, and each positioning cavity 62 corresponds to two laser sensors 632, and the two laser sensors 632 are respectively located at the turning points adjacent to the broken line. On the one hand, it can avoid the direct injection or splashing area of ​​the lubricating oil. On the other hand, this distribution method can detect the nut in the positioning cavity 62 from different angles and positions. The laser beams at different angles can capture more surface information of the nut, avoiding the occurrence of detection blind spots, thereby more comprehensively and accurately obtaining parameters such as the shape, size and position of the nut, and the electric When the angle between the magnetic plate 63 and the top surface of the recessed portion of the die base box 61 is less than 180 degrees, the contact switch 923 contacts the curved plate 922. When the angle between the electromagnetic plate 63 and the top surface of the recessed portion of the die base box 61 is not less than 180 degrees, the contact switch 923 does not contact the curved plate 922. When the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates, the curved plate 922 in the annular groove 921 also moves accordingly. When it is detected that the nut tapping is completed and all parameters are qualified, the electric cylinder 9 drives the electromagnetic plate 63 to rotate to a suitable angle, so that the contact switch 923 contacts the curved plate 922, triggering the blanking signal to control the subsequent blanking action.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the nut is in the positioning cavity 62 waiting for detection, multiple laser sensors 632 are distributed in a multi-segment broken line shape on the electromagnetic plate 63. Each positioning cavity 62 corresponds to two laser sensors 632 located at adjacent turning points of the broken line. The laser sensor 632 emits a laser beam to illuminate the surface of the nut. The laser beam is reflected back to the sensor. The sensor measures the time difference from the laser emission to the reflection back. According to the propagation speed of the laser in the air, the distance between the sensor and the nut surface can be calculated. Multiple sensors measure the nut from different positions and angles, and each obtains a set of distance data.

[0065] When the electromagnetic plate 63 starts to rotate, the laser sensor 632 mounted thereon also changes position and angle. As the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates around the limiting axis 631, the irradiation angle of the laser sensor 632 relative to the nut continuously changes (refer to Figure 7 ), for example, the laser sensor 632, which originally illuminates the nut from one side at a fixed angle, will gradually change to illuminate the nut from other angles during the rotation of the electromagnetic plate 63. This allows the laser beam to cover more areas on the nut surface and capture information from different sides and parts of the nut. After the laser beams at different angles are reflected on the nut surface, the sensor will obtain different distance data. By comprehensively analyzing these multi-angle and multi-position measurement data, the system can construct more complete three-dimensional shape information of the nut, so that it can more comprehensively and accurately judge whether the nut is correctly placed in the positioning cavity 62, whether there is any tilt or offset, etc., and at the same time, it can more accurately detect parameters such as tapping depth, pitch, and tooth shape. The system compares and analyzes the data measured by the sensor with the pre-set standard values. When it is detected that the nut tapping is completed and all parameters are within the qualified range, it means that the nut meets the quality requirements and can be cut.

[0066] In addition, when the electromagnetic plate 63 is rotated to an inclined state, it forms a certain spatial structure with the high places on both sides of the mold base box 61. This structure can block the interference of external light to a certain extent, and create a relatively stable optical environment for the detection of the laser sensor 632. The change of external light may affect the intensity and stability of the laser reflection signal. Through the shielding of the electromagnetic plate 63 and the high places on both sides of the mold base box 61, the interference of external light on the reflected light received by the laser sensor 632 is reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of the detection data are improved. At the same time, since the multiple laser sensors 632 are distributed in a multi-segment broken line shape, and each positioning cavity 62 corresponds to two sensors located at adjacent turning points of the broken line, this layout is carefully considered. During operation, lubricating oil will usually spray in a specific direction or splash due to the high-speed rotation of the tapping head 541. Through this zigzag distribution, the sensor can be flexibly arranged in a position where the lubricating oil is difficult to reach, which greatly reduces the possibility of the lubricating oil directly contacting the sensor. Even in a complex working environment, a small amount of lubricating oil splashes onto the sensor. Since the working principle of the laser sensor 632 is mainly based on the emission and reception of laser, as long as the key optical components (such as the transmitting lens and the receiving lens) are not seriously covered or contaminated, it will not have a significant impact on the detection. Because the sensor measures the time difference from the emission to the reflection of the laser to calculate the distance, a small amount of lubricating oil will not change the propagation path and time characteristics of the laser, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection.

[0067] After passing the test, the electric cylinder 9 starts to work and drives the rack 91 to move. Since the rack 91 is meshed with the gear 92, the gear 92 will drive the limit shaft 631 to rotate, thereby causing the electromagnetic plate 63 to rotate around the limit shaft 631. As the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates, the arc plate 922 in the annular groove 921 also moves. When the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates to a suitable angle so that the angle between the electromagnetic plate 63 and the top surface of the recessed portion of the mold base box 61 is less than 180 degrees, the arc plate 922 contacts the contact switch 923. At this time, the electromagnetic plate 63 is energized. Because the electromagnetic plate 63 and the nut are not facing each other at this time, the adsorption force between the two can be ignored. Eventually, it will fold over to a state in which it fits the top surface of the recessed portion of the mold base box 61 (refer to Figure 8 ), at this time, the tapped nut will be released from the positioning cavity 62 and fit into the electromagnetic plate 63 under the action of the electromagnetic plate 63.

[0068] When the nut is adsorbed to the electromagnetic plate 63, a vibration is generated, which can not only further shake off the oil dirt mixture that may exist on the nut, but also reduce the stress of the nut during tapping. The oil that is shaken off will fall into the filter plate 7. On the one hand, the oil dirt mixture that is shaken off falls into the filter plate 7, avoiding the oil dirt remaining on the surface of the nut or inside the equipment, ensuring the cleanliness of the nut, which is beneficial to subsequent use or processing. On the other hand, during the tapping process, a certain stress is generated inside the nut, and the stress is reduced through vibration, which helps to make the internal structure of the nut more stable, reduces the risk of damage caused by stress concentration, and subsequently moves the mold seat box 61 to a position close to the collection box 8 through the moving mechanism 4. At this time, the electric cylinder 9 is controlled to move in reverse. At this time, the angle between the electromagnetic plate 63 and the top surface of the concave part of the mold seat box 61 will continuously increase. When the angle between the electromagnetic plate 63 and the top surface of the concave part of the mold seat box 61 is not greater than 180 degrees, the electromagnetic plate 63 is still in the energized state, ensuring the stability of the relative position of the nut. When the angle is greater than 180 degrees, the electromagnetic plate 63 will be de-energized. At this time, due to the relative inclination of the electromagnetic plate 63, the nut will smoothly slide into the collection box 8 under the action of its own gravity (refer to Figure 5 ).

[0069] When the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates, the irradiation angle of the sensor continuously changes, which can cover more areas of the nut surface and capture information of different sides and parts. At the same time, when the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates to an inclined state, the space structure formed by the high position on both sides of the mold seat box 61 can block external light interference, creating a relatively stable optical environment for detection, reducing the influence of external light on the laser reflection signal, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection data. The electromagnetic plate 63 not only provides a mounting basis for the laser sensor 632, but also drives the sensor to change the angle during the detection process to achieve multi-angle detection. In addition, the electromagnetic plate 63 participates in the unloading process after the detection is qualified. When the electromagnetic plate 63 rotates to the appropriate angle, the arc-shaped plate 922 contacts the contact switch 923 to make the electromagnetic plate 63 energized, and finally folds to fit the top surface of the concave part of the mold seat box 61, so as to separate the tapped nut from the positioning cavity 62 and adsorb it. This design of integrating the detection and unloading functions in the electromagnetic plate 63 simplifies the structure of the equipment and improves the overall operation efficiency of the equipment. The vibration generated when the nut is adsorbed to the electromagnetic plate 63 has a dual effect. On the one hand, it can shake off the oil dirt mixture that may exist on the nut, so that the oil dirt falls into the filter plate 7, ensuring the cleanliness of the nut and being beneficial to subsequent use or processing. On the other hand, it can reduce the stress of the nut during tapping, making the internal structure of the nut more stable, reducing the risk of damage caused by stress concentration, and improving the quality and service life of the nut.

[0070] It should be noted that the specific model and specification of the electric cylinder 9 and the laser sensor 632 need to be determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0071] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can be variously changed and modified by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment, comprising a workbench (1), wherein the workbench (1) is provided with a bearing mechanism (2), a forming mechanism (3), a moving mechanism (4), a tapping mechanism (5) and a tapping die base mechanism (6), wherein the bearing mechanism (2) is located between the forming mechanism (3) and the tapping mechanism (5), and a collecting box (8) is plugged and installed at one end of the workbench (1) away from the forming mechanism (3), and the tapping die base mechanism (6) moves on the table surface of the workbench (1) through the moving mechanism (4), and its moving range is between the bearing mechanism (2) and the collecting box (8), and is characterized in that: The tapping die base mechanism (6) comprises a die base box (61), wherein a plurality of positioning cavities (62) are provided on the die base box (61), and further comprises: Backflow blocking assembly: The backflow blocking assembly is arranged on a tapping die base mechanism (6) and a workbench (1) located directly below the tapping mechanism (5); the backflow blocking assembly comprises an electromagnetic plate (63), an electric cylinder (9), a filter plate (7), and a mounting groove (611) provided in the tapping die base mechanism (6); an end of the electromagnetic plate (63) is fixedly connected to a limiting shaft (631); the electromagnetic plate (63) is rotatably connected to the die base box (61) via the limiting shaft (631); one end of the electromagnetic plate (63) extends to In the mounting groove (611), the electric cylinder (9) is fixed on the side wall of the mold base box (61), the output end of the electric cylinder (9) passes through the side wall of the mounting groove (611) and extends into the mounting groove (611), the output end of the electric cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to a rack (91), and the limiting shaft (631) located inside the mounting groove (611) is fixedly connected to a gear (92), the rack (91) is meshed with the gear (92), and the side wall of the rack (91) abuts against the side wall of the mounting groove (611); Detection and blanking component: the detection and blanking component is arranged on the shielding reflux component; the detection and blanking component includes a plurality of laser sensors (632), a ring groove (921) provided on the side wall of the gear (92), and a contact switch (923) fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting groove (611), the laser sensors (632) are equidistantly distributed on the electromagnetic plate (63), the electromagnetic plate (63) is provided with a positioning groove matching the laser sensor (632), an arc plate (922) is fixedly installed inside the ring groove (921), there is a distance between the contact switch (923) and the opposite surface of the ring groove (921), and the contact switch (923) is flush with the opposite surface of the arc plate (922), and the contact switch (923) is aligned with the opposite surface of the ring groove (921). The electromagnetic plates (63) are electrically connected, and the edge of the recess of the mold base box (61) corresponding to the electromagnetic plate (63) is provided with an oblique angle; the plurality of laser sensors (632) are distributed in a multi-segment broken line shape, and each positioning cavity (62) corresponds to two laser sensors (632), and the two laser sensors (632) are respectively located at the turning points adjacent to the broken line; when the angle between the electromagnetic plate (63) and the top surface of the recess of the mold base box (61) is less than 180 degrees, the contact switch (923) contacts the arc plate (922); when the angle between the electromagnetic plate (63) and the top surface of the recess of the mold base box (61) is not less than 180 degrees, the contact switch (923) does not contact the arc plate (922).

2. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing mechanism (2) includes a connecting tube (24) and a reducer (21) and two bearing seats (22) fixedly mounted on the workbench (1). The output shaft of the reducer (21) is rotatably connected to the two bearing seats (22). A shock-absorbing sleeve (23) is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the reducer (21) located between the two bearing seats (22). The connecting tube (24) is fixedly arranged on the shock-absorbing sleeve (23). A plurality of holders (25) are equidistantly mounted in an annular shape on the connecting tube (24). A plurality of cavities (26) are provided on the holder (25). A positioning column (261) and a spring (262) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity (26). An electromagnetic block (263) is fixedly connected to the end of the spring (262).

3. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mold cavity (26) and the electromagnetic block (263) are both hexagonally arranged, and in an initial state, there is a gap between the bottom wall of the electromagnetic block (263) and the top of the positioning column (261).

4. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The forming mechanism (3) includes a hydraulic cylinder (31) and a mounting seat (32), wherein the mounting seat (32) is fixed on the table of the workbench (1), and the hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat (32). A punching head (33) is mounted on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (31), and the punching head (33) is matched with the holder (25). Before cold heading, the nut blank is placed in the cavity (26) and the electromagnetic block (26) is used to press the nut blank into the cavity (26). 3) Adsorption and fixation are performed, and the cavity (26) is rotated to face the punch head (33) by using the connecting tube (24), and finally the cold heading process is performed by the punch head (33). After the process is completed, the connecting tube (24) continues to rotate. When the cold-headed nut faces the table surface of the workbench (1) and the tapping die base mechanism (6) moves to the bottom of the supporting mechanism (2), the electromagnetic block (263) is de-energized, and the cold-headed nut automatically falls onto the tapping die base mechanism (6).

5. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning cavity (62) is arranged corresponding to the mold cavity (26) and matches the nut. An oil guide groove (621) is provided at the edge of the positioning cavity (62). An oil leakage hole (622) is provided through the bottom of the positioning cavity (62). A chamfered groove is provided between the mold base box (61) and the upper end of the positioning cavity (62). The depth of the positioning cavity (62) is less than the thickness of the nut. The moving mechanism (4) includes a moving motor (41), a lead screw (42), a limit The movable motor (41), the limiting seat (43) and the guide rail (44) are all fixedly arranged on the workbench (1); the output end of the movable motor (41) is fixedly connected with a lead screw (42); the lead screw (42) is rotatably connected to the limiting seat (43); the lead screw (42) is threadedly connected to the mold base box (61); and slides (441) matching the guide rails (44) are installed on the bottom of both sides of the mold base box (61).

6. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tapping mechanism (5) comprises a support frame (51), a second hydraulic cylinder (52) and an oil collecting box (55), wherein the top of the support frame (51) is fixedly mounted with the second hydraulic cylinder (52), the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (52) is fixedly connected with a connecting seat (53), the oil collecting box (55) is fixedly mounted on the connecting seat (53), a plurality of tapping motors (54) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting seat (53), the output end of the tapping motor (54) is fixedly connected with a tapping head (541), the distribution of the tapping heads (541) is arranged corresponding to the positioning cavity (62), the side wall of the oil collecting box (55) is provided with a liquid injection port (551), the liquid injection port (551) is communicated with the output end of an external oil supply pump, the lower side wall of the oil collecting box (55) is connected with a plurality of oil outlet pipes (552), the lower end of the oil outlet pipe (552) is inclined and arranged toward the lower end of the tapping head (541).

7. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter plate (7) is located directly below the connecting seat (53), and an oil return box (71) is installed on the lower side wall of the workbench (1) corresponding to the filter plate (7).

8. The fastener cold heading and tapping integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold base box (61) is arranged in a shape with high sides and a concave middle, and the filter plate (7) can cover the concave area of ​​the mold base box (61).

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