A loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of logistics transportation, and discloses a loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics and its usage method, including a bottom shell. A middle plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom shell, and an installation shell is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle plate. A loading and unloading mechanism is provided on the left side surface of the installation shell. Multiple loading frames are provided in the middle of the installation shell. The sizes of the multiple loading frames gradually decrease from the outside to the inside. The outermost loading frame is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the installation shell, and two adjacent loading frames are slidably sleeved with each other. The speed of driving the wheels by a multi-stage transmission gradually slows down as the weight of the goods increases, solving the problems of the existing transportation device with wheels directly connected to the output shaft of the driving part. When handling heavy goods, only by increasing the current voltage, etc., can the power consumption of the driving part be forcibly increased to push the device to move, resulting in overloading and damage of the driving part and a low upper limit of the weight of the transported goods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of logistics transportation, and specifically relates to a loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of intelligent logistics, a helping handcart is a common handling tool, which provides power for the handcart through a built-in drive motor to reduce the burden on workers.

[0003] At present, the existing handcart has a simple structure and only plays the role of carrying goods. However, with the rapid development of the logistics industry, the number of goods to be carried is increasing continuously. The loading and unloading function of the existing handcart mainly relies on external loading and unloading equipment, resulting in one loading and unloading device being responsible for multiple handcarts at the same time, leading to the problem that multiple handcarts wait in front of the loading and unloading equipment. In addition, the power provided by the existing helping handcart is mainly controlled by the throttle. When the handcart carries heavy goods, only by increasing the throttle can the motor power consumption be increased to drive the handcart to move. At this time, the motor will operate with excessive power, causing the internal temperature of the motor to rise sharply, and ultimately leading to motor damage. At the same time, the maximum weight of the carried goods is determined by the torque under the maximum power consumption of the motor, resulting in a low upper limit of the weight of the goods carried by the handcart. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics and its usage method to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics, including a bottom shell, on the upper surface of which a middle plate is fixedly installed, on the upper surface of the middle plate an installation shell is fixedly installed. An unloading and loading mechanism is provided on the left side surface of the installation shell. A plurality of loading frames are arranged in the middle of the installation shell. The sizes of the plurality of loading frames decrease in sequence from the outside to the inside. The outermost loading frame is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the installation shell, and adjacent two loading frames are slidably sleeved with each other. At the bottom of the right angle of each of the plurality of loading frames, a guiding column is slidably sleeved. The bottom end of the guiding column is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle plate. The curved surfaces of the plurality of guiding columns are all surrounded by pressure measuring springs. The top ends of the pressure measuring springs are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the loading frame directly above them, and the bottom ends of the pressure measuring springs are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle plate. In the middle of the front and back sides of the middle plate, a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders arranged at equal intervals are fixedly sleeved. The telescopic ends of the first hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the loading frame directly above them. On the front and back sides of the bottom shell, two supporting mechanisms are symmetrically provided. An input mechanism is provided between the supporting mechanism and the middle plate.

[0006] Preferably, connecting pipes are fixedly sleeved at the bottoms of the plurality of first hydraulic cylinders. Connecting connectors are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom surface of the middle plate. The plurality of connecting pipes on the left and right sides are fixedly sleeved with the connecting connectors on the same side. Second hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom surface of the middle plate. The output ends of the two connecting connectors are fixedly sleeved with the input ends of the second hydraulic cylinders on the same side. A multi-stage transmission is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the middle plate. The telescopic ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission. Wheels are symmetrically and movably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the bottom shell. The transmission shaft of the left wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the multi-stage transmission. A driving member is fixedly installed on the right side of the middle of the bottom surface of the bottom shell. The output end of the driving member is fixedly connected to the input end of the multi-stage transmission. When the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission moves away from the driving member, the transmission ratio between the driving member and the wheels increases.

[0007] Preferably, the loading and unloading mechanism includes a push handle, which is fixedly installed on the left side surface of the installation shell. The middle parts of the front and rear surfaces of the push handle are movably sleeved with first telescopic rods. The telescopic ends of the two first telescopic rods are fixedly installed with second telescopic rods. The telescopic ends of the two second telescopic rods are fixedly installed with clamping plates. Third telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the left sides of the front and rear sides of the installation shell. The telescopic ends of the two third telescopic rods are movably sleeved with the bottoms of the first telescopic rods on the same side.

[0008] Preferably, the support mechanism on the right side includes a first sleeve. A first elastic member is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner cavity of the first sleeve. The right end of the first elastic member is fixedly installed with a first sleeve rod, which is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the first sleeve. The right end of the first sleeve rod is fixedly installed with a second sleeve. A partition plate is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the inner cavity of the second sleeve. Second elastic members are fixedly installed on the front and rear surfaces of the partition plate. The first elastic member and the two second elastic members are springs with the same mechanics. The ends of the two second elastic members far away from the partition plate are fixedly installed with second sleeve rods, which are slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the second sleeve. Installation blocks are fixedly installed at the ends of the two second sleeves far away from the second diverter. Ball wheels are movably sleeved at the bottoms of the two installation blocks. The ball wheels are made of high-hardness materials, and the bottom surfaces of the ball wheels are smooth surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the input mechanism includes a plug cylinder fixedly sleeved in the middle of the middle plate. A support spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the plug cylinder. The top end of the support spring is fixedly installed with a piston which is slidably sleeved with the inner curved surface of the plug cylinder. The top end of the piston is fixedly installed with a pressing plate made of a hard material. The pressing plate is located below the loading frame. A hydraulic pipe is fixedly sleeved on the right side of the plug cylinder. A first diverter is fixedly installed on the right side of the hydraulic pipe. Flexible hoses are symmetrically and fixedly sleeved at both ends of the first diverter. The hoses are made of rubber hoses. The two hoses are fixedly installed with second diverters at the ends far away from the first diverter. The two second diverters are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the first sleeve and the second sleeve on the same side as them.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the loading frame is provided with a flexible rubber coating, and the top surface height of the first hydraulic cylinder seat is the same as the top surface height of the pressure measuring spring when it reaches the effective compression limit.

[0011] Preferably, rubber coatings are provided on the inner sides of the two second telescopic rods, and the distance between the first telescopic rod and the push handle connecting shaft to the distance between the third telescopic rod and the first telescopic rod connecting shaft is greater than the distance between the third telescopic rod and the first telescopic rod connecting shaft to the second telescopic rod.

[0012] A usage method of a loading and unloading rotating shaft for intelligent logistics includes the following steps:

[0013] S1: First, place the goods at the middle position of multiple loading frames through the loading and unloading mechanism;

[0014] S2: Then, the loading frame pushes the hydraulic fluid inside the first hydraulic cylinder connected to it to flow through the connecting pipe and the connecting connector into the second hydraulic cylinder, so that the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder pushes the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission to move away from the driving part, reducing the moving speed of the device

[0015] S3: Then, the loading frame pushes the input mechanism to transport the hydraulic fluid into the support mechanism, so that the support mechanism expands and supports;

[0016] S4: Finally, push the device to transport the goods to the designated position.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. By providing a loading and unloading mechanism on the left side of the installation shell, the present invention simplifies the loading and unloading process of goods in logistics transportation, overcoming the problem that separate loading and unloading equipment needs to be prepared for goods loading and unloading. In addition, when the goods are placed on the upper surface of the loading frame, the goods, under the action of gravity, press down on the loading frame in contact with them, causing the load-bearing spring fixedly connected to it to contract downward. At the same time, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder connected to it is pushed downward. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder that moves downward squeezes the hydraulic fluid inside it and flows through the connecting pipe and the connecting connector fixedly sleeved with it into the interior of the second hydraulic cylinder, causing the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder to extend. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder pushes the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission in a direction away from the driving member, reducing the transmission ratio output by the multi-stage transmission. As the weight of the goods increases, the distance that the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder pushes the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission in a direction away from the driving member increases, and the speed at which the driving member drives the wheels to rotate through the multi-stage transmission gradually slows down as the weight of the goods increases. This enables the device to carry heavier goods. At the same time, it overcomes the problems that in a transportation device where the wheels are directly connected to the output shaft of the driving member, when carrying heavy goods, only by increasing the current voltage, etc., can the power consumption of the driving member be forcibly increased to push the device to move, resulting in overload damage of the driving member and a low upper limit of the weight of the goods carried.

[0019] 2. When the goods are placed on the upper surface of the loading frame, the loading frame in contact with the goods moves downward. While the downward-moving loading frame squeezes the load-bearing spring fixedly connected to it, it also pushes the pressure plate downward. The pressure plate pushes the piston downward, squeezing the support spring to contract. The piston squeezes the hydraulic fluid inside the piston cylinder and flows through the hydraulic pipe, the first diverter, and the hose into the interior of the second diverter in sequence. The hydraulic fluid inside the second diverter flows into the inner cavities on both sides of the first sleeve and the second sleeve respectively. At this time, since the mechanical parameters of the first elastic member and the second elastic member are the same, and the pressures of the hydraulic fluids flowing into the first sleeve and the second sleeve simultaneously are the same, the lengths of the telescopic movements of the first sleeve rod and the second sleeve rod are kept the same, thereby improving the anti-tipping ability of the device. When the bottom area of the goods is small, the weight is large, and the center of gravity is high, the expansion range of the first sleeve rod and the second sleeve rod increases, and the stability and anti-tipping ability of the device when carrying the goods increase. When the weight of the goods is large, the bottom area is large, and the center of gravity is low, the expansion range of the first sleeve rod and the second sleeve rod decreases, thereby reducing the size of the device. Thus, it automatically increases or decreases the occupied area of the device according to the height of the center of gravity of the goods, realizes increasing the number of devices that can be arranged side by side within a limited road width, improving the transportation flow during peak periods, and enhancing the transportation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading frame of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the input mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1, bottom shell; 2, middle plate; 3, mounting shell; 301, loading frame; 4, loading and unloading mechanism; 401, push handle; 402, first telescopic rod; 403, second telescopic rod; 404, clamping plate; 405, third telescopic rod; 5, guide post; 501, pressure measuring spring; 6, first hydraulic cylinder; 7, connecting pipe; 8, connecting connector; 9, second hydraulic cylinder; 10, multi-stage transmission; 11, wheels; 12, driving member; 13, support mechanism; 1301, first sleeve; 1302, first elastic member; 1303, first sleeve rod; 1304, second sleeve; 1305, partition plate; 1306, second elastic member; 1307, second sleeve rod; 1308, mounting block; 1309, ball wheel; 14, input mechanism; 1401, plug cylinder; 1402, support spring; 1403, piston; 1404, pressure plate; 1405, hydraulic pipe; 1406, first diverter; 1407, hose; 1408, second diverter. Specific embodiments

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Such as Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics, including a bottom shell 1. A middle plate 2 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom shell 1. An installation shell 3 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle plate 2. A loading and unloading mechanism 4 is provided on the left side surface of the installation shell 3. Multiple loading frames 301 are provided in the middle of the installation shell 3. The sizes of the multiple loading frames 301 decrease sequentially from the outside to the inside. The outermost loading frame 301 is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the installation shell 3. Two adjacent loading frames 301 are slidably sleeved with each other. A flexible rubber coating is provided on the upper surface of the loading frame 301, so as to increase the frictional resistance between the loading frame 301 and the goods, avoid the horizontal sliding of the goods on the upper surface of the loading frame 301 and the collision with the inner side surface of the outer loading frame 301, and at the same time avoid the hard collision between the goods and the upper surface of the loading frame 301 during the loading of the goods, resulting in the problems of goods breakage and loading frame 301 deformation. Guide columns 5 are slidably sleeved at the bottoms of the right angles of the multiple loading frames 301. The bottom ends of the guide columns 5 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle plate 2. Pressure measuring springs 501 are wound around the curved surfaces of the multiple guide columns 5. The top ends of the pressure measuring springs 501 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the loading frame 301 directly above them. The bottom ends of the pressure measuring springs 501 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle plate 2;

[0028] On the middle parts of the front and rear sides of the middle plate 2, a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders 6 arranged at equal intervals are fixedly sleeved. The telescopic ends of the first hydraulic cylinders 6 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the end of the load-carrying frame 301 directly above them. The top surface height of the cylinder block of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is the same as the top surface height of the pressure-measuring spring 501 when it reaches the effective compression limit, so as to realize that when the load-carrying frame 301 moves downward to the effective compression limit of the pressure-measuring spring 501, the first hydraulic cylinder 6 provides limit support for the load-carrying frame 301, avoiding damage caused by excessive compression of the pressure-measuring spring 501. At the bottom of each of the plurality of first hydraulic cylinders 6, a connecting pipe 7 is fixedly sleeved. On the right side of the bottom surface of the middle plate 2, a connecting connector 8 is symmetrically and fixedly installed. The plurality of connecting pipes 7 on the left and right sides are fixedly sleeved with the connecting connector 8 on the same side. On the right side of the bottom surface of the middle plate 2, a second hydraulic cylinder 9 is symmetrically and fixedly installed. The output ends of the two connecting connectors 8 are fixedly sleeved with the input ends of the second hydraulic cylinder 9 on the same side. In the middle of the bottom surface of the middle plate 2, a multi-stage transmission 10 is fixedly installed. The telescopic ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders 9 are fixedly connected to the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission 10. On the front and rear sides of the bottom shell 1, wheels 11 are symmetrically and movably sleeved. The transmission shaft of the left wheel 11 is fixedly connected to the output end of the multi-stage transmission 10. On the right side of the middle of the bottom surface of the bottom shell 1, a driving member 12 is fixedly installed. The output end of the driving member 12 is fixedly connected to the input end of the multi-stage transmission 10. When the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission 10 moves in the direction away from the driving member 12, the transmission ratio between the driving member 12 and the wheel 11 increases. Thus, when the weight of the goods supported on the upper surface of the load-carrying frame 301 is greater, the more hydraulic fluid flows from the first hydraulic cylinder 6 into the inner cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder 9, the longer the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 9, the greater the transmission ratio between the driving member 12 and the wheel 11, the slower the rotation speed of the left wheel 11, and the greater the torque of the left wheel 11, improving the upper limit of the weight of the goods transported by the device. On the front and rear sides of the bottom shell 1, two support mechanisms 13 are symmetrically provided. An input mechanism 14 is provided between the support mechanism 13 and the middle plate 2.

[0029] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the loading and unloading mechanism 4 includes a push handle 401. The push handle 401 is fixedly installed on the left side of the installation shell 3. The middle parts of the front and rear of the push handle 401 are both movably sleeved with a first telescopic rod 402. The telescopic ends of the two first telescopic rods 402 are both fixedly installed with a second telescopic rod 403. The inner sides of the two second telescopic rods 403 are provided with rubber coatings, so as to increase the frictional resistance between the second telescopic rod 403 and the goods when the second telescopic rod 403 holds the goods, and prevent the goods from falling off during the lifting process. The telescopic ends of the two second telescopic rods 403 are both fixedly installed with clamping plates 404. The left sides of the front and rear sides of the installation shell 3 are both fixedly installed with third telescopic rods 405. The telescopic ends of the two third telescopic rods 405 are both movably sleeved with the bottoms of the first telescopic rods 402 on the same side. The distance between the connecting shaft of the first telescopic rod 402 and the push handle 401 and the connecting shaft of the third telescopic rod 405 and the first telescopic rod 402 is greater than the distance between the connecting shaft of the third telescopic rod 405 and the first telescopic rod 402 and the second telescopic rod 403. Thus, when the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod 405 moves upward to the limit position, the height of the downward movement of the second telescopic rod 403 is increased, realizing the middle position of the second telescopic rod 403 and the clamping plate 404 clamping the goods with a high height, and improving the stability during the loading and unloading of the goods.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the right support mechanism 13 includes a first sleeve 1301. The left side of the inner cavity of the first sleeve 1301 is fixedly installed with a first elastic member 1302. The right end of the first elastic member 1302 is fixedly installed with a first sleeve rod 1303. The first sleeve rod 1303 is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the first sleeve 1301. The right end of the first sleeve rod 1303 is fixedly installed with a second sleeve 1304. The middle part of the inner cavity of the second sleeve 1304 is fixedly sleeved with a partition plate 1305. The front and rear of the partition plate 1305 are both fixedly installed with second elastic members 1306. The first elastic member 1302 and the two second elastic members 1306 adopt springs with the same mechanics, so that the lengths of the elongation of the first sleeve rod 1303 and the two second sleeve rods 1307 pushed by the hydraulic fluid flowing into the two inner cavities on both sides of the first sleeve 1301 and the second sleeve 1304 at the same time are kept the same, improving the stability of the support. The ends of the two second elastic members 1306 far from the partition plate 1305 are both fixedly installed with second sleeve rods 1307. The second sleeve rods 1307 are slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the second sleeve 1304. The ends of the two second sleeves 1304 far from the second diverter 1408 are both fixedly installed with mounting blocks 1308. The bottoms of the two mounting blocks 1308 are both movably sleeved with ball wheels 1309. The ball wheels 1309 are made of high-hardness materials. The ball wheels 1309 are made of tungsten alloy. The bottom surface of the ball wheels 1309 is a smooth surface, so as to reduce the wear between the ball wheels 1309 and the ground, and at the same time reduce the frictional resistance between the ball wheels 1309 and the ground, reducing the resistance when the device moves. At the same time, the ball wheels 1309 with high hardness have a greater weight, which can effectively improve the anti-tipping ability of the device.

[0031] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the input mechanism 14 includes a plug cylinder 1401. The plug cylinder 1401 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the middle plate 2. At the bottom of the inner cavity of the plug cylinder 1401, a support spring 1402 is fixedly installed. At the top of the support spring 1402, a piston 1403 is fixedly installed. The piston 1403 is slidably sleeved with the inner curved surface of the plug cylinder 1401. At the top of the piston 1403, a pressing plate 1404 is fixedly installed. The pressing plate 1404 is made of a hard material, and the pressing plate 1404 is made of high-carbon steel, so as to prevent a large deformation from occurring on the side of the pressing plate 1404 away from the plug cylinder 1401 under the extrusion of the outer loading frame 301, resulting in a decrease in the displacement when the outer loading frame 301 pushes the piston 1403 downward through the pressing plate 1404, leading to a decrease in the opening amplitude of the support mechanism 13 and a weakening of the anti-tipping ability of the device. The pressing plate 1404 is located below the loading frame 301. On the right side of the plug cylinder 1401, a hydraulic pipe 1405 is fixedly sleeved. On the right side of the hydraulic pipe 1405, a first diverter 1406 is fixedly installed. At both ends of the first diverter 1406, hoses 1407 are symmetrically fixedly sleeved. The hoses 1407 are made of rubber hoses, so as to prevent the hoses 1407 from being broken when the first sleeve rod 1303 extends. At the ends of the two hoses 1407 away from the first diverter 1406, second diverters 1408 are fixedly installed. The two second diverters 1408 are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the first sleeve 1301 and the second sleeve 1304 on the same side as them.

[0032] A method for using a loading and unloading device for intelligent logistics includes the following steps:

[0033] S1: First, place the goods at the middle position of multiple loading frames 301 through the loading and unloading mechanism 4;

[0034] S2: Then, the loading frame 301 pushes the hydraulic fluid inside the first hydraulic cylinder 6 connected to it to flow through the connecting pipe 7 and the connecting connector 8 into the inside of the second hydraulic cylinder 9, so that the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 9 pushes the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission 10 to move away from the driving part 12, reducing the moving speed of the device, thereby improving the carrying capacity of the device;

[0035] S3: Then, the loading frame 301 pushes the input mechanism 14 to transport the hydraulic fluid into the support mechanism 13, so that the support mechanism 13 opens and supports;

[0036] S4: Finally, push the device to transport the goods to the designated position.

[0037] Working principle:

[0038] When the present invention is in use, first, the device is pushed to the front of the goods by the push handle 401, then the first telescopic rod 402 is activated. The telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 402 pushes the second telescopic rod 403 to move to both sides of the goods. Then, the third telescopic rod 405 is activated. The telescopic end of the third telescopic rod 405 pulls the first telescopic rod 402 to rotate clockwise, so that the first telescopic rod 402 drives the second telescopic rod 403 to move downward to the middle position between both sides of the goods. The second telescopic rod 403 is activated. The telescopic ends of the two second telescopic rods 403 push the clamping plates 404 connected thereto to move towards the goods, clamping the goods. Then, the third telescopic rod 405, the first telescopic rod 402 and the second telescopic rod 403 are activated in reverse order successively, and the goods are placed at the middle of the upper surface of multiple loading frames 301, thus simplifying the loading and unloading process of goods in logistics transportation and overcoming the problem that separate loading and unloading equipment needs to be prepared for loading and unloading goods;

[0039] When the goods are placed on the upper surface of the loading frame 301, the goods are affected by gravity and press the loading frame 301 in contact with it to move downward. The downward moving loading frame 301 presses the pressure measuring spring 501 fixedly connected thereto to contract downward. At the same time, the downward moving loading frame 301 pushes the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 connected thereto to move downward. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 moving downward squeezes the hydraulic fluid inside it to flow through the connecting pipe 7 fixedly sleeved with it and the connecting connector 8 into the inside of the second hydraulic cylinder 9, making the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 9 extend, and pushing the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission 10 to move away from the driving part 12, reducing the output transmission ratio of the multi-stage transmission 10. At this time, the speed at which the driving part 12 drives the wheels 11 to rotate through the multi-stage transmission 10 slows down;

[0040] In addition, since the specifications and parameters of multiple pressure measuring springs 501 are the same, when the weight of the goods remains unchanged and the bottom surface becomes larger or smaller, the number of load-bearing frames 301 in contact with the goods becomes more or less. However, the total amount of compression and contraction of the multiple load-bearing frames 301 moving downward in contact with the goods and the multiple pressure measuring springs 501 fixedly connected to them remains unchanged. As a result, the total amount of hydraulic fluid flowing into the second hydraulic cylinder 9 from the multiple first hydraulic cylinders 6 remains unchanged, so that the size of the bottom surface of the goods does not affect the judgment of the weight of the goods by the device. Therefore, when the weight of the goods is heavier, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 9 is longer, and the transmission ratio of the driving part 12 transmitted to the drive shaft of the wheel 11 through the multi-stage transmission 10 is larger. Thus, when the rotation speed and power of the driving part 12 remain unchanged, the rotation speed of the wheel 11 is reduced, and the torque of the wheel 11 is increased, enabling the device to carry heavier goods. At the same time, it overcomes the problems of the existing transportation device with the wheel 11 directly connected to the output shaft of the driving part 12, which can only forcibly increase the power consumption of the driving part 12 by increasing the current voltage, etc., to push the device to move, resulting in overload damage of the driving part 12 and a low upper limit of the weight of the goods being carried. At this time, the load-bearing frame 301 in contact with the goods moves downward and the height decreases, while the height of the load-bearing frame 301 not in contact with the goods remains unchanged, so that the load-bearing frame 301 with a constant height limits the horizontal sliding of the goods to prevent the goods from slipping;

[0041] In addition, when the goods are placed on the upper surface of the load-bearing frame 301, the load-bearing frame 301 in contact with the goods moves downward. While the downward-moving load-bearing frame 301 compresses the pressure measuring spring 501 fixedly connected to it, the downward-moving load-bearing frame 301 pushes the pressing plate 1404 downward. The pressing plate 1404 pushes the piston 1403 downward to compress the support spring 1402 and contract. The hydraulic fluid inside the piston 1403 presses the cylinder 1401 and successively flows into the inside of the second diverter 1408 through the hydraulic pipe 1405, the first diverter 1406, and the hose 1407. The hydraulic fluid inside the second diverter 1408 respectively flows into the inner cavities on both sides of the first sleeve 1301 and the second sleeve 1304. At this time, since the mechanical parameters of the first elastic member 1302 and the second elastic member 1306 are the same, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid flowing into the first sleeve 1301 and the second sleeve 1304 remains the same, so that the lengths of the telescopic extensions of the first rod 1303 and the second rod 1307 remain the same, thereby improving the anti-tipping ability of the device;

[0042] In addition, when the bottom area of the goods is small and the weight is large, this usually means that the height of the goods is high and the center of gravity is high. At this time, the number of load-bearing frames 301 in contact with the goods is small, the number of pressure-measuring springs 501 squeezed by the load-bearing frames 301 is small, the compression of the squeezed pressure-measuring springs 501 is large, and the displacement of the downward-moving load-bearing frame 301 drives. At this time, the downward-moving load-bearing frame 301 pushes the piston 1403 downward through the pressure plate 1404 for a large distance, and the hydraulic fluid flowing into the inner cavities of the first sleeve 1301 and the second sleeve 1304 from the inner cavity of the plug cylinder 1401 increases. The expansion range of the first sleeve rod 1303 and the second sleeve rod 1307 increases, and the stability of the device for transporting goods and the anti-tipping ability increase. In addition, when the weight of the goods is large but the bottom area is also large, this usually means that the height of the goods is low and the center of gravity is low. The number of load-bearing frames 301 in contact with the goods is large, the number of pressure-measuring springs 501 squeezed by the load-bearing frames 301 is large, and the compression of the more compressed pressure-measuring springs 501 is small. As a result, the amplitude of the load-bearing frame 301 pushing the piston 1403 downward through the pressure plate 1404 is small, the hydraulic fluid flowing into the inner cavities of the first sleeve 1301 and the second sleeve 1304 from the inner cavity of the plug cylinder 1401 decreases, and the expansion range of the first sleeve rod 1303 and the second sleeve rod 1307 decreases, thereby reducing the device size, so as to automatically increase or decrease the occupied area of the device according to the height of the center of gravity of the goods, realize increasing the number of devices that can be arranged side by side within a limited road width, improve the transportation flow during peak periods, and improve the transportation efficiency.

[0043] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A loading and unloading device for smart logistics, comprising a bottom shell (1), characterized in that: A middle plate (2) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the bottom shell (1), a mounting shell (3) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the middle plate (2), a loading and unloading mechanism (4) is provided on the left side of the mounting shell (3), a plurality of loading frames (301) are provided in the middle of the mounting shell (3), the sizes of the plurality of loading frames (301) decrease from the outside to the inside, the outermost loading frame (301) is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the mounting shell (3), and two adjacent loading frames (301) are slidably sleeved with each other, and the plurality of loading frames (301) are slidably sleeved with each other. 01) The bottom of each right angle is slidably sleeved with a guide column (5), the bottom end of each guide column (5) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the middle plate (2), the curved surfaces of each of the guide columns (5) are surrounded by a pressure-measuring spring (501), the top end of each pressure-measuring spring (501) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the loading frame (301) directly above the pressure-measuring spring (501), the bottom end of each pressure-measuring spring (501) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the middle plate (2), and the middle of the front and rear sides of the middle plate (2) are fixedly sleeved with a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders (6) arranged at equal distances; The bottoms of the plurality of first hydraulic cylinders (6) are all fixedly sleeved with connecting pipes (7), a connecting device (8) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom surface of the middle plate (2), and the plurality of connecting pipes (7) on the left and right sides are fixedly sleeved with the connecting device (8) on the same side. A second hydraulic cylinder (9) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom surface of the middle plate (2), and the output ends of the two connecting devices (8) are fixedly sleeved with the input ends of the second hydraulic cylinder (9) on the same side. A multi-stage transmission (10) is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the middle plate (2), and the telescopic ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders (9) are fixedly connected to the gear lever of the multi-stage transmission (10). Wheels (11) are symmetrically and movably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the bottom shell (1). The transmission shaft of the wheel (11) on the left side is fixedly connected to the output end of the multi-stage transmission (10), and a driving member (12) is fixedly installed on the right side of the middle part of the bottom surface of the bottom shell (1). The output end of the driving member (12) is fixedly connected to the input end of the multi-stage transmission (10). When the gear lever of the multi-stage transmission (10) moves in a direction away from the driving member (12), the transmission ratio between the driving member (12) and the wheel (11) increases. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the loading frame (301) directly above it. Two supporting mechanisms (13) are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the bottom shell (1), and an input mechanism (14) is provided between the supporting mechanism (13) and the middle plate (2).

2. The loading and unloading device for smart logistics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and unloading mechanism (4) includes a push handle (401), which is fixedly mounted on the left side of the mounting shell (3); the middle of the front and rear of the push handle (401) are movably connected with a first telescopic rod (402); the telescopic ends of the two first telescopic rods (402) are fixedly mounted with a second telescopic rod (403); the telescopic ends of the two second telescopic rods (403) are fixedly mounted with a clamping plate (404); the left sides of the front and rear sides of the mounting shell (3) are fixedly mounted with a third telescopic rod (405); the telescopic ends of the two third telescopic rods (405) are movably connected with the bottom of the first telescopic rod (402) on the same side.

3. The loading and unloading device for smart logistics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism (13) on the right side includes a first sleeve (1301), a first elastic member (1302) is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner cavity of the first sleeve (1301), a first sleeve rod (1303) is fixedly installed on the right end of the first elastic member (1302), the first sleeve rod (1303) is slidably sleeved with the inner side surface of the first sleeve (1301), a second sleeve (1304) is fixedly installed on the right end of the first sleeve rod (1303), a partition plate (1305) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the inner cavity of the second sleeve (1304), and a second elastic member (1306) is fixedly installed on the front and back of the partition plate (1305), the first The elastic member (1302) and the two second elastic members (1306) use springs with the same mechanical properties. The ends of the two second elastic members (1306) away from the partition plate (1305) are fixedly installed with a second sleeve rod (1307). The second sleeve rod (1307) is slidably connected to the inner side surface of the second sleeve (1304). The ends of the two second sleeves (1304) away from the second diverter (1408) are fixedly installed with a mounting block (1308). The bottoms of the two mounting blocks (1308) are movably connected with a ball wheel (1309). The ball wheel (1309) is made of high-hardness material, and the bottom surface of the ball wheel (1309) is a smooth surface.

4. The loading and unloading device for smart logistics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The input mechanism (14) includes a plug cylinder (1401), the plug cylinder (1401) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the middle plate (2), a support spring (1402) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the plug cylinder (1401), a piston (1403) is fixedly installed on the top of the support spring (1402), the piston (1403) is slidably sleeved with the inner curved surface of the plug cylinder (1401), a pressure plate (1404) is fixedly installed on the top of the piston (1403), the pressure plate (1404) is made of hard material, and the pressure plate (1404) is located below the object loading frame (301). A hydraulic pipe (1405) is fixedly connected to the right side of the piston cylinder (1401), and a first diverter (1406) is fixedly installed on the right side of the hydraulic pipe (1405). Hoses (1407) are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the first diverter (1406). The hoses (1407) are rubber hoses. A second diverter (1408) is fixedly installed at one end of the two hoses (1407) away from the first diverter (1406). The two second diverters (1408) are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the first sleeve (1301) and the second sleeve (1304) on the same side.

5. The loading and unloading device for smart logistics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the loading frame (301) is provided with a flexible rubber coating, and the top surface height of the cylinder seat of the first hydraulic cylinder (6) is the same as the height of the top surface of the pressure measuring spring (501) reaching the effective compression limit.

6. The loading and unloading device for smart logistics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner sides of the two second telescopic rods (403) are provided with a rubber coating, and the distance between the connecting axis of the first telescopic rod (402) and the push handle (401) and the connecting axis of the third telescopic rod (405) and the first telescopic rod (402) is greater than the distance between the connecting axis of the third telescopic rod (405) and the first telescopic rod (402) and the second telescopic rod (403).

7. A method for using a loading and unloading device for smart logistics according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: First, the cargo is placed in the middle of the plurality of cargo boxes (301) through the loading and unloading mechanism (4); S2: The loading frame (301) then pushes the hydraulic fluid in the first hydraulic cylinder (6) connected thereto to flow through the connecting pipe (7) and the connecting passage (8) to the interior of the second hydraulic cylinder (9), causing the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder (9) to push the shift lever of the multi-stage transmission (10) away from the driving member (12), thereby reducing the moving speed of the device; S3: The loading frame (301) then pushes the input mechanism (14) to input the hydraulic fluid into the supporting mechanism (13), causing the supporting mechanism (13) to open and support; S4: Finally, push the device to transport the goods to the designated location.

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