Drilling type foundation load measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drilling-type foundation load measuring device and a measuring method, which relate to the technical field of spiral plate load experiments. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device includes a casing and a force transmission rod, wherein the force transmission rod is arranged in the casing, and further includes: an outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is installed at one end of the casing, a first step portion is provided in the end of the outer cylinder close to the force transmission rod, and a second step portion is provided in the end of the outer cylinder away from the force transmission rod; a rotating cylinder, wherein the rotating cylinder is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a certain distance is left between the end of the rotating cylinder close to the force transmission rod and the end face of the first step portion, and a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder. When the foundation settles, the angle of rotation of the rotating cylinder can be detected by the Hall element, and then the sinking height of the spiral pressure plate can be determined by the pitch of the spiral groove and the angle of rotation of the rotating cylinder, thereby truly reflecting the settlement amount of the spiral pressure plate and improving the measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spiral plate load experiments, in particular to a drilling-type foundation load measuring device and a measuring method. Background Art

[0002] The spiral plate load test is to screw a spiral pressure plate into the ground to a predetermined depth by human or mechanical means, and apply pressure to the spiral pressure plate through a force transmission rod to measure the amount of sinking of the pressure plate. It is suitable for deep foundation soil or foundation soil below the groundwater level.

[0003] When using traditional devices, the force transmission rod will bend and deform as its length increases. The longer the force transmission rod, the more obvious the bending deformation. In some scenarios with high depth requirements, such as subway project testing, the force transmission rod needs to be as long as tens of meters. At this time, the measurement method of the device cannot truly reflect the settlement of the load-bearing plate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling-type foundation load measuring device and a measuring method, which solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a drilling-type foundation load measuring device, comprising a casing and a force transmission rod, wherein the force transmission rod is arranged in the casing, and further comprising: an outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is mounted on one end of the casing, a first step portion is provided in the end of the outer cylinder close to the force transmission rod, and a second step portion is provided in the end of the outer cylinder away from the force transmission rod; a rotary cylinder, wherein the rotary cylinder is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and a certain distance is left between the end of the rotary cylinder close to the force transmission rod and the end surface of the first step portion. A spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder; a driving rod is provided in the rotating cylinder, and one end of the driving rod is installed on the force transmission rod, and the driving rod and the force transmission rod can move in the vertical direction; a spiral pushing block, the spiral pushing block is installed on the outer circumference of the force transmission rod, and the spiral pushing block can slide relatively in the spiral groove to rotate the rotating cylinder; a Hall element is installed on the end face of the first step portion, and a magnetic ring is installed on the end of the rotating cylinder close to the force transmission rod, and the Hall element is used to detect changes in the magnetic field of the magnetic ring during rotation.

[0006] Furthermore, a base is fixedly provided on one side of the spiral pushing block close to the driving rod; a hollow portion is provided at the axis of the driving rod, and a receiving groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the driving rod, the receiving groove penetrates into the hollow portion of the driving rod, and a driving component is provided in the hollow portion, and the driving component is used to drive the spiral pushing block to retract into or extend out of the receiving groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes: a rotating shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the hollow part of the driving rod, and a diameter reducing section is provided at the end of the rotating shaft away from the force transmission rod, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the diameter reducing section; a connecting rod, which is arranged in the hollow part, one end of the connecting rod is hinged in the arc-shaped groove, and the other end is hinged to the base; when the rotating shaft rotates, the base can be driven to slide in the receiving groove through the connecting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, a second raceway is provided at one end of the rotating shaft close to the force transmission rod, a third bearing is installed in the second raceway, and the other side of the third bearing is fixed to the inner wall of the driving rod; a fourth bearing is also provided in the hollow portion of the driving rod, and the surface of the fourth bearing supports the bottom end of the rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a compression threaded sleeve is provided at one end of the driving rod close to the force transmission rod, and the compression threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the driving rod, and the compression threaded sleeve is used to fix the position of the third bearing; a certain distance is left between the inner wall of the compression threaded sleeve and the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, and the inner diameter of the compression threaded sleeve close to the end of the force transmission rod is larger than the inner diameter of the end away from the force transmission rod; a locking threaded sleeve is provided between the compression threaded sleeve and the rotating shaft, the outer circumferential surface of the locking threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the compression threaded sleeve, and the inner wall of the locking threaded sleeve contacts the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, an outer ring groove and an inner ring groove are respectively provided on the outer circumferential surface and inner wall of the rotating cylinder near one end of the force transmission rod, and an outer support part and an inner support part are provided on one end of the outer cylinder near the force transmission rod, the outer support part fits with the outer ring groove, and the inner support part fits with the inner ring groove; a second bearing is installed on the end face of the second step portion, and the second bearing supports the bottom end of the rotating cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a first spiral plate and a second spiral plate are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the rotary drum, and the spacing space between the first spiral plate and the second spiral plate constitutes a spiral groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a column hole is provided on each of the first spiral plate and the second spiral plate, and the side of the column hole close to the spiral pushing block is a necked end; a steel ball is provided in the column hole, and the steel ball is in rolling contact with the surface of the spiral pushing block; a screw is provided at the end of the column hole away from the steel ball, and a spring is provided between the screw and the steel ball, and the spring is used to compress the steel ball.

[0013] Furthermore, a restraint block is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the force transmission rod in the vertical direction, and a vertical groove is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve in the vertical direction. The restraint block fits in the vertical groove and can slide in the vertical groove.

[0014] The present invention also provides a drilling-type foundation load measurement method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned drilling-type foundation load measurement device and includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Use a drilling rig to drill a hole in the area to be measured, stop drilling at a test depth of 30cm to 100cm, and remove the compressed or disturbed soil at the bottom of the hole;

[0016] Step 2: Insert the driving rod into the outer cylinder, rotate the rotating shaft until the spiral pushing block is inserted into the spiral groove, and then screw in the locking threaded sleeve to lock the circumferential freedom of the rotating shaft;

[0017] Step 3: Connect the driving rod to the force transmission rod, then connect the outer tube to the casing, and then install the pressure sensor and spiral pressure plate in sequence;

[0018] Step 4: Lower the casing and dowel rod into the borehole until the spiral pressure plate reaches the bottom of the borehole. Rotate and move the casing downward to allow the spiral pressure plate to continue to be screwed into the soil to the test depth. For each rotation of the casing, the spiral pressure plate descends by one pitch.

[0019] Step 5: After the spiral pressure plate reaches the specified measurement depth, a load is applied to the dowel rod. The pressure is detected by the pressure sensor, and the rotation angle of the rotary drum is detected by the Hall element. The height of the spiral pressure plate settlement is converted based on the pitch of the spiral groove to draw the PS curve.

[0020] Step 6: After the measurement is completed, rotate the sleeve in the opposite direction to disengage the spiral pressure plate, and then lift the sleeve and the force transmission rod upward.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The drilling-type foundation load measuring device is provided with a Hall element and a magnetic ring, and the magnetic ring is fixed on the rotating drum. When the foundation settles, the driving rod drives the spiral pushing block to move downward, and drives the rotating drum to rotate by cooperating with the spiral groove. The rotation angle of the rotating drum can be detected by the Hall element, and the sinking height of the spiral pressure plate can be determined by the pitch of the spiral groove and the rotation angle of the rotating drum, thereby truly reflecting the settlement of the spiral pressure plate and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0023] (2) The drilling-type foundation load measuring device can drive the spiral pushing block to retract into or extend out of the receiving groove by setting a driving component. When the driving rod needs to be installed or removed, the driving component can drive the spiral pushing block to disengage from the spiral groove and retract into the receiving groove for easy removal. On the contrary, the spiral pushing block can be extended and entered into the spiral groove, which is convenient for manufacturing and use.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of area A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary drum structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the driving rod and the spiral pushing block of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the driving rod of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rotating shaft and the spiral pushing block of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a top sectional view of the rotating shaft of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rotating shaft, the driving rod and the force transmission rod of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first spiral plate and the spiral pushing block of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of area B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sleeve and the force transmission rod of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure, 1, crossbeam; 2, bracket; 3, first ground anchor; 4, pad; 5, chuck; 6, second ground anchor; 7, jack; 8, sleeve; 81, vertical slot; 9, force transmission rod; 91, constraint block; 10, pressure sensor; 11, spiral pressure plate; 12, outer cylinder; 121, outer support portion; 122, inner support portion; 123, first step portion; 124, second step portion; 13, rotating cylinder; 131, spiral groove; 132, outer ring groove; 133, inner ring groove; 134, first raceway; 14, first spiral plate; 15, second spiral plate; 16, magnetic Ring; 17. Hall element; 18. Circuit board; 19. Drive rod; 191. Receiving groove; 20. Screw pushing block; 21. Base; 211. Groove; 22. Rotating shaft; 221. Diameter reduction section; 222. Arc groove; 223. Second raceway; 23. Connecting block; 24. Pressing threaded sleeve; 25. Locking threaded sleeve; 26. Post hole; 27. Steel ball; 28. Screw; 29. ​​Spring; 30. First bearing; 31. Second bearing; 32. Third bearing; 33. Fourth bearing; 34. Connecting rod; 35. First through hole; 36. Second through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "around" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] The following is based on Figures 1-12 The present invention describes a drilling-type foundation load measuring device and a measuring method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figure 1-Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a drilling-type foundation load measuring device, including a casing 8 and a force transmission rod 9, the force transmission rod 9 is arranged in the casing 8, when installing, a pad 4 is placed on the ground of the area to be measured, the pad 4 is fixed to the ground by a second ground anchor 6, a chuck 5 (similar to the structure of a slip) can be installed on the pad 4, the casing 8 passes through the chuck 5, and the chuck 5 can fix the position of the casing 8 after being locked, a crossbeam 1 is provided above the pad 4, and brackets 2 are fixed at both ends of the crossbeam 1, and the brackets 2 are fixed through the first ground anchor. The anchor 3 is fixed on the ground, so that the beam 1 is suspended above the pad 4. A jack 7 is provided between the beam 1 and the force transmission rod 9. One end of the jack 7 is installed on the beam 1, and the other end is supported on the end of the force transmission rod 9, so that a downward load can be applied to the force transmission rod 9 through the jack 7. A pressure sensor 10 and a spiral pressure plate 11 are installed at the other end of the force transmission rod 9. The spiral pressure plate 11 can apply the load to the foundation, and the pressure sensor 10 can detect the size of the load applied by the spiral pressure plate 11 to the foundation.

[0042] The drilling-type foundation load measuring device also includes an outer cylinder 12, which is installed on one end of the casing 8, and the two can be fixed by means of a threaded connection. Preferably, the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 12 is equal to that of the casing 8. A first step portion 123 is provided at the end of the outer cylinder 12 close to the force transmission rod 9, and a second step portion 124 is provided at the end of the outer cylinder 12 away from the force transmission rod 9. It can be understood that an annular groove is opened on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 12, the upper end of this groove is the first step portion 123, and the lower end is the second step portion 124.

[0043] In addition, a rotating cylinder 13 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 12. A certain distance is left between the end of the rotating cylinder 13 close to the force transmitting rod 9 and the end face of the first step portion 123, so that the Hall element 17 and the circuit board 18 can be installed on the end face of the first step portion 123. The circuit board 18 can be set to be annular. The Hall element 17 is electrically connected to the circuit board 18, and a magnetic ring 16 is fixed on the end of the rotating cylinder 13 close to the Hall element 17. The magnetic ring 16 is a multi-pole magnetic ring that can generate a changing magnetic field when rotating. The Hall element 17 is used to detect the change in the magnetic field of the magnetic ring 16 when it rotates, thereby obtaining the angle value of the rotation of the magnetic ring 16.

[0044] In addition, a spiral groove 131 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating drum 13, and a driving rod 19 is also provided in the rotating drum 13. The upper end of the driving rod 19 is mounted on the force transmission rod 9. Specifically, the driving rod 19 and the force transmission rod 9 can be fixed by a threaded connection, and the driving rod 19 and the force transmission rod 9 can move in the vertical direction. A spiral pushing block 20 is also installed on the outer peripheral surface of the force transmission rod 9. The spiral pushing block 20 has a block-shaped structure, and the surfaces of its upper and lower ends fit into the spiral groove 131. The spiral pushing block 20 can slide relative to each other in the spiral groove 131 to rotate the rotating drum 13. The relative sliding here means that when the spiral pushing block 20 moves in the vertical direction, the spiral groove 131 rotates with the rotating drum 13.

[0045] Optionally, in order to balance the forces on the rotating drum 13 and the driving rod 19, multiple spiral grooves 131 and spiral pushing blocks 20 are provided. In the figure, three groups of spiral grooves 131 and spiral pushing blocks 20 are provided, and the three spiral pushing blocks 20 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference to avoid the forces on the rotating drum 13 and the driving rod 19 from tilting to one side.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the spiral pressure plate 11 applies a load to the foundation, the foundation will be sunk, thereby causing the force transmission rod 9 and the driving rod 19 to move downward. During the downward movement of the driving rod 19, the rotating drum 13 can be driven to rotate by the cooperation of the spiral pushing block 20 and the spiral groove 131. At this time, the magnetic ring 16 rotates synchronously with the rotating drum 13, and the rotation angle of the rotating drum 13 can be detected by the Hall element 17. Since the pitch of the spiral groove 131 is fixed, the sinking height of the spiral pressure plate 11 can be determined by the pitch of the spiral groove 131 and the rotation angle of the rotating drum 13. Combined with the data of the pressure sensor 10, the PS curve can be drawn.

[0047] Combine Figure 5-Figure 8 In order to facilitate the removal of the driving rod 19 from the outer cylinder 12, a base 21 is fixedly provided on the side of the spiral pushing block 20 close to the driving rod 19. The two can be fixedly connected or made in one piece.

[0048] In addition, a hollow portion is provided at the axis of the drive rod 19, and a receiving groove 191 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the drive rod 19. The receiving groove 191 penetrates the hollow portion of the drive rod 19, and a driving assembly is provided in the hollow portion. The driving assembly is used to drive the spiral pushing block 20 to retract or extend out of the receiving groove 191. When the drive rod 19 needs to be loaded or taken out, the spiral pushing block 20 can be driven by the driving assembly to disengage from the spiral groove 131 and retract into the receiving groove 191 for easy removal. On the contrary, the spiral pushing block 20 can be extended and enter the spiral groove 131.

[0049] In this embodiment, during the movement of the spiral pushing block 20, the spiral pushing block 20 does not contact the receiving groove 191. What contacts the receiving groove 191 is the base 21, and the base 21 fits with the receiving groove 191. When the spiral pushing block 20 extends into the spiral groove 131, the base 21 can serve as a filling support to reduce the loss of compressive strength of the driving rod 19 caused by the opening of the receiving groove 191 when the driving rod 19 is under pressure.

[0050] Combine Figure 7 and Figure 8 The above-mentioned driving assembly includes a rotating shaft 22, which is rotatably arranged in the hollow part of the driving rod 19. A diameter-reducing section 221 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 22 away from the force transmitting rod 9, so that an accommodating area is formed between the diameter-reducing section 221 and the inner wall of the driving rod 19, so as to be received in the base 21. An arc-shaped groove 222 is provided on the outer circumference of the diameter-reducing section 221. At the same time, a connecting rod 34 is also provided in the hollow part. One end of the connecting rod 34 is hinged in the arc-shaped groove 222, and the other end is hinged to the base 21. When the rotating shaft 22 rotates, the base 21 can be driven to slide in the accommodating groove 191 through the connecting rod 34, so that the spiral pushing block 20 can be received or extended out of the accommodating groove 191. In order to reduce the space of the accommodating area, a groove 211 can be provided on the base 21, and the hinge point of the connecting rod 34 and the base 21 is provided in the groove 211.

[0051] In this embodiment, during specific manufacturing, the diameter-reduced section 221 can be divided into two sections, which are fixed by a connecting block 23 . In this case, the space between adjacent connecting blocks 23 is the arc-shaped groove 222 .

[0052] Combine Figure 6 and Figure 7 A second raceway 223 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 22 close to the force transmission rod 9, and a third bearing 32 is installed in the second raceway 223. The other side of the third bearing 32 is fixed to the inner wall of the driving rod 19, and a fourth bearing 33 is also provided in the hollow part of the driving rod 19. The fourth bearing 33 is preferably a thrust bearing. The surface of the fourth bearing 33 supports the bottom end of the rotating shaft 22, thereby rotatably installing the rotating shaft 22 on one side of the driving rod 19.

[0053] Combine Figure 6 and Figure 9 In order to prevent the spiral pushing block 20 from shaking after being extended, a tightening threaded sleeve 24 is provided at the end of the driving rod 19 close to the force transmission rod 9. The tightening threaded sleeve 24 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the driving rod 19. After the tightening threaded sleeve 24 is tightened downward, the position of the third bearing 32 can be fixed.

[0054] In addition, there is a certain distance between the inner wall of the tightening threaded sleeve 24 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 22, and the inner diameter of the tightening threaded sleeve 24 close to the force transmitting rod 9 is larger than the inner diameter of the end away from the force transmitting rod 9. A locking threaded sleeve 25 is provided between the tightening threaded sleeve 24 and the rotating shaft 22. The locking threaded sleeve 25 is grooved all around, and the outer peripheral surface of the locking threaded sleeve 25 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the tightening threaded sleeve 24. The inner wall of the locking threaded sleeve 25 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 22. When the locking threaded sleeve 25 is tightened downward, the inner wall will squeeze the rotating shaft 22, thereby preventing the rotating shaft 22 from rotating through the friction between the two.

[0055] Combine Figure 2-Figure 4 An outer ring groove 132 and an inner ring groove 133 are respectively provided on the outer circumferential surface and inner wall of the rotating cylinder 13 near the force transmission rod 9, and an outer support portion 121 and an inner support portion 122 are provided on the end of the outer cylinder 12 near the force transmission rod 9. It should be noted that the inner support portion 122 is fixed to the outer cylinder 12 and has a certain distance from the outer support portion 121. The outer support portion 121 fits in the outer ring groove 132, and the inner support portion 122 fits in the inner ring groove 133, so that when the rotating cylinder 13 rotates, the upper end is supported and axially limited by the outer support portion 121 and the inner support portion 122.

[0056] In addition, a second bearing 31 is mounted on the end surface of the second step portion 124 . The second bearing 31 is preferably a thrust bearing. The second bearing 31 supports the bottom end of the rotary drum 13 .

[0057] Optionally, in order to improve the supporting strength of the rotating drum 13, a first raceway 134 is opened in the middle of the rotating drum 13, and a first bearing 30 is installed in the first raceway 134. The first bearing 30 is preferably a bidirectional tapered roller bearing to withstand a certain axial load. The other side of the first bearing 30 is fixed to the outer drum 12.

[0058] Combine Figure 4 A first spiral plate 14 and a second spiral plate 15 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the rotary drum 13. The spacing space between the first spiral plate 14 and the second spiral plate 15 constitutes a spiral groove 131. When there are multiple spiral grooves 131, there are also multiple groups of first spiral plates 14 and second spiral plates 15.

[0059] Combine Figure 10 and Figure 11 In order to reduce the friction between the spiral pushing block 20 and the first spiral plate 14 and the second spiral plate 15, a column hole 26 is opened on the first spiral plate 14 and the second spiral plate 15. The side of the column hole 26 close to the spiral pushing block 20 is a necked end, and a steel ball 27 is arranged in the column hole 26. Due to the setting of the necked end, the steel ball 27 will not fall out of the column hole 26, and the steel ball 27 is in rolling contact with the surface of the spiral pushing block 20.

[0060] In addition, a screw 28 is provided at one end of the column hole 26 away from the steel ball 27. The screw 28 is used to close the column hole 26. A spring 29 is provided between the screw 28 and the steel ball 27. The two ends of the spring 29 push the screw 28 and the steel ball 27 respectively, so that the spring 29 presses the steel ball 27.

[0061] Combine Figure 12 In order to enable the sleeve 8 to rotate and drive the force transmission rod 9 to rotate, so as to drive the spiral pressure plate 11 to rotate, a constraint block 91 is fixed on the outer circumference of the force transmission rod 9 in the vertical direction, and a vertical groove 81 is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve 8 in the vertical direction. The constraint block 91 fits with the vertical groove 81, and the constraint block 91 can slide in the vertical groove 81, so that the force transmission rod 9 can move in the vertical direction and rotate with the sleeve 8 at the same time.

[0062] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 12 In order to facilitate the transmission of the signal of the Hall element 17, a first through-hole 35 is opened in the vertical direction on the outer cylinder 12, and a second through-hole 36 is opened in the vertical direction on the sleeve 8. The first through-hole 35 is connected to the second through-hole 36. The signal line of the Hall element 17 can be led out through the first through-hole 35 and the second through-hole 36. In addition, the signal line of the pressure sensor 10 can be led out from the hollow part of the axis of the driving rod 19, the rotating shaft 22 and the force transmission rod 9.

[0063] When in use (working), the jack 7 applies a load to the force transmission rod 9, so that the spiral pressure plate 11 applies a load to the foundation. When the foundation settles, the force transmission rod 9 and the driving rod 19 move downward. During the downward movement of the driving rod 19, the spiral pushing block 20 is driven downward, and the rotating drum 13 is driven to rotate by cooperating with the spiral groove 131. At this time, the magnetic ring 16 rotates synchronously with the rotating drum 13. The rotation angle of the rotating drum 13 can be detected by the Hall element 17, and the sinking height of the spiral pressure plate 11 is determined by the pitch of the spiral groove 131 and the rotation angle of the rotating drum 13.

[0064] The present invention also provides a drilling-type foundation load measurement method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned drilling-type foundation load measurement device and includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Use a drilling rig to drill a hole in the area to be measured, stop drilling at a test depth of 30cm to 100cm, and remove the compressed or disturbed soil at the bottom of the hole. When the foundation is soft, increase the distance between the drilling depth and the test depth. When the foundation is hard, reduce the distance between the drilling depth and the test depth.

[0066] Step 2: Insert the driving rod 19 into the outer cylinder 12, rotate the rotating shaft 22 until the spiral pushing block 20 is inserted into the spiral groove 131, and then screw in the locking threaded sleeve 25 to lock the circumferential freedom of the rotating shaft 22;

[0067] Step 3: Connect the driving rod 19 to the force transmission rod 9, then connect the outer cylinder 12 to the sleeve 8, then install the pressure sensor 10 and the spiral pressure plate 11 in sequence, and lead out the signal line;

[0068] Step 4: Lower the casing 8 and the dowel rod 9 into the borehole until the spiral pressure plate 11 reaches the bottom of the borehole, rotate and move the casing 8 downward so that the spiral pressure plate 11 continues to be screwed into the soil to the test depth. With each rotation of the casing 8, the spiral pressure plate 11 drops by one pitch. In order to ensure that the dowel rod 9 moves downward synchronously with the casing 8, the casing 8 and the dowel rod 9 can be temporarily fixed axially, such as by installing a tension sleeve or setting a keyway.

[0069] Step 5: After the spiral pressure plate 11 reaches the specified measuring depth, the temporary fixation between the casing 8 and the dowel rod 9 is released. The jack 7 then applies a load to the dowel rod 9. The pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 10, and the rotation angle of the rotary drum 13 is detected by the Hall element 17. The pitch of the spiral groove 131 is converted into the height of the spiral pressure plate 11 settlement to draw the PS curve.

[0070] Step 6: After the measurement is completed, rotate the sleeve 8 in the opposite direction to disengage the spiral pressure plate 11, and then lift the sleeve 8 and the force transmission rod 9 upward.

[0071] When it is necessary to measure data at different depths in the same borehole, after step 5, first disassemble the jack 7 and the crossbeam 1, then move the casing 8 down to reset the spiral pushing block 20, and then temporarily fix the casing 8 and the force transmission rod 9 axially, continue to rotate and move the casing 8 down to the test depth, and then repeat step 5.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0073] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A drilling-type foundation load measuring device, comprising a casing (8) and a force transmission rod (9), wherein the force transmission rod (9) is arranged in the casing (8), and a pressure sensor (10) and a spiral pressure plate (11) are installed at one end of the force transmission rod (9), characterized in that: Also includes: An outer cylinder (12), the outer cylinder (12) being mounted on one end of the sleeve (8), a first step portion (123) being provided at an end of the outer cylinder (12) close to the force transmission rod (9), and a second step portion (124) being provided at an end of the outer cylinder (12) away from the force transmission rod (9); A rotating cylinder (13), the rotating cylinder (13) being rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (12), a certain distance being left between an end of the rotating cylinder (13) close to the force transmission rod (9) and an end surface of the first step portion (123), and a spiral groove (131) being provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (13); A driving rod (19), wherein the driving rod (19) is disposed in the rotary drum (13), and one end of the driving rod (19) is mounted on the force transmission rod (9), and the driving rod (19) and the force transmission rod (9) are capable of moving in a vertical direction; A spiral pushing block (20), wherein the spiral pushing block (20) is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the force transmission rod (9), and the spiral pushing block (20) is capable of relatively sliding in the spiral groove (131) to rotate the rotary drum (13); A Hall element (17) is installed on the end surface of the first step portion (123), and a magnetic ring (16) is installed on one end of the rotating cylinder (13) close to the force transmission rod (9). The Hall element (17) is used to detect changes in the magnetic field of the magnetic ring (16) during rotation.

2. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A base (21) is fixedly provided on one side of the spiral pushing block (20) close to the driving rod (19); A hollow portion is provided at the axis of the driving rod (19), and a receiving groove (191) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the driving rod (19). The receiving groove (191) penetrates the hollow portion of the driving rod (19). A driving assembly is provided in the hollow portion, and the driving assembly is used to drive the spiral pushing block (20) to retract into or extend out of the receiving groove (191).

3. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes: A rotating shaft (22), the rotating shaft (22) being rotatably disposed in the hollow portion of the driving rod (19), the rotating shaft (22) being provided with a diameter-reducing section (221) at one end of the rotating shaft (22) away from the force-transmitting rod (9), and an arc-shaped groove (222) being provided on the outer circumference of the diameter-reducing section (221); A connecting rod (34), the connecting rod (34) being disposed in the hollow portion, one end of the connecting rod (34) being hinged in the arc-shaped groove (222), and the other end being hinged to the base (21); When the rotating shaft (22) rotates, it can drive the base (21) to slide in the receiving groove (191) through the connecting rod (34).

4. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second raceway (223) is provided at one end of the rotating shaft (22) close to the force transmission rod (9), a third bearing (32) is installed in the second raceway (223), and the other side of the third bearing (32) is fixed to the inner wall of the driving rod (19); A fourth bearing (33) is further provided in the hollow portion of the driving rod (19), and the surface of the fourth bearing (33) supports the bottom end of the rotating shaft (22).

5. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A tightening threaded sleeve (24) is provided at one end of the driving rod (19) close to the force transmission rod (9), and the tightening threaded sleeve (24) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the driving rod (19), and the tightening threaded sleeve (24) is used to fix the position of the third bearing (32); A certain distance is left between the inner wall of the compression threaded sleeve (24) and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (22), and the inner diameter of the compression threaded sleeve (24) close to the force transmission rod (9) is larger than the inner diameter of the end away from the force transmission rod (9); A locking threaded sleeve (25) is provided between the compression threaded sleeve (24) and the rotating shaft (22), the outer peripheral surface of the locking threaded sleeve (25) being threadedly connected to the inner wall of the compression threaded sleeve (24), and the inner wall of the locking threaded sleeve (25) being in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (22).

6. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer ring groove (132) and an inner ring groove (133) are respectively formed on the outer peripheral surface and inner wall of the rotating cylinder (13) near one end of the force transmission rod (9); an outer support portion (121) and an inner support portion (122) are respectively formed on the end of the outer cylinder (12) near the force transmission rod (9); the outer support portion (121) is fitted with the outer ring groove (132), and the inner support portion (122) is fitted with the inner ring groove (133); A second bearing (31) is mounted on the end surface of the second stepped portion (124), and the second bearing (31) supports the bottom end of the rotary drum (13).

7. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first spiral plate (14) and a second spiral plate (15) are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the rotary drum (13), and the space between the first spiral plate (14) and the second spiral plate (15) forms a spiral groove (131).

8. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first spiral plate (14) and the second spiral plate (15) are both provided with a column hole (26), and the side of the column hole (26) close to the spiral pushing block (20) is a necked end; A steel ball (27) is provided in the column hole (26), and the steel ball (27) is in rolling contact with the surface of the spiral pushing block (20); A screw (28) is provided at one end of the column hole (26) away from the steel ball (27), and a spring (29) is provided between the screw (28) and the steel ball (27). The spring (29) is used to press the steel ball (27).

9. The drilling-type foundation load measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A restraining block (91) is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the force transmission rod (9) in the vertical direction, and a vertical groove (81) is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve (8) in the vertical direction. The restraining block (91) fits in the vertical groove (81), and the restraining block (91) can slide in the vertical groove (81).

10. A drilling-type foundation load measurement method, implemented using the drilling-type foundation load measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use a drilling rig to drill a hole in the area to be measured, stop drilling at a test depth of 30cm to 100cm, and remove the compressed or disturbed soil at the bottom of the hole; Step 2: Insert the driving rod (19) into the outer cylinder (12), rotate the rotating shaft (22) until the spiral pushing block (20) is inserted into the spiral groove (131), and then screw in the locking threaded sleeve (25) to lock the circumferential freedom of the rotating shaft (22); Step 3: Connect the driving rod (19) to the force transmission rod (9), then connect the outer cylinder (12) to the sleeve (8), and then install the pressure sensor (10) and the spiral pressure plate (11) in sequence; Step 4: Lower the casing (8) and the force transmission rod (9) into the borehole until the spiral pressure plate (11) reaches the bottom of the borehole, rotate and move the casing (8) downward so that the spiral pressure plate (11) continues to be screwed into the soil to the test depth. For each rotation of the casing (8), the spiral pressure plate (11) drops by one pitch. Step 5: After the spiral pressure plate (11) reaches the specified measurement depth, a load is applied to the force transmission rod (9), the pressure is detected by the pressure sensor (10), the rotation angle of the rotary drum (13) is detected by the Hall element (17), and the height of the spiral pressure plate (11) is converted into the height of the settlement according to the pitch of the spiral groove (131) to draw the PS curve; Step 6: After the measurement is completed, rotate the sleeve (8) in the opposite direction to disengage the spiral pressure plate (11), and then lift the sleeve (8) and the force transmission rod (9) upward.

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