A detection device and detection method for underground tunnel deformation

Abstract

The present invention provides a detection device and a detection method for underground tunnel deformation, which relate to the technical field of tunnel deformation detection. The detection device and the detection method for underground tunnel deformation include a total station, mounting frames are installed on both sides of the total station, first protective components are installed on both ends of the mounting frame, and a second protective component is installed on the top of the mounting frame; the first protective component includes two protective parts slidably installed inside the mounting frame, the two protective parts are symmetrically distributed, and the two protective parts are connected by a connecting plate; by installing the first protective component and the second protective component on the mounting frame, and the connecting bolt of the second protective component is threadedly connected to the mounting sleeve of the first protective component, it is convenient for a user to install and fix the mounting sleeve while installing the protective top plate, and then the force when the total station is tilted and hit can be buffered by the protective part equipped with an elastic part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation detection, and in particular to a detection device and a detection method for underground tunnel deformation. Background Art

[0002] As a high-tech measuring instrument integrating optics, mechanics, and electronics, the total station is a widely used measuring tool in surveying and mapping, playing a key role in numerous fields, including topographic surveying, engineering construction, and deformation monitoring. It can precisely measure angles, distances, and elevation differences, providing an accurate measurement foundation for various projects.

[0003] However, in actual use, total stations face many risks that could cause them to topple over and cause damage. Since surveying work is often carried out in complex field environments or construction sites, the ground conditions are complex and changeable, and may be uneven or soft. This makes it difficult for the tripod of the total station to support it stably, and the slightest carelessness may cause the total station to topple over. Furthermore, in work areas with frequent traffic, surveyors or other staff may accidentally bump into the total station while moving around, causing it to topple over. At the same time, in some windy environments, strong winds may also exert a large force on the total station, causing it to lose balance and topple over.

[0004] If a total station falls, the delicate optical components within it can be damaged by the impact, causing problems like optical path deviation and blurred imaging, impacting the precision and accuracy of measurements. Impact can also damage the instrument's electronic components, leading to circuit shorts, data loss, and other malfunctions. Repairing these damages not only requires significant time and expense but can also disrupt measurement work, severely impacting project progress. Consequently, existing total stations carry the risk of damage from tipping, causing significant inconvenience and loss during measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a detection method for underground tunnel deformation, aiming to solve the problem in general technology that the detection device for underground tunnel deformation may be damaged by collision.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: it includes a total station, and mounting frames are installed on both sides of the total station, and a first protective component is installed at both ends of the mounting frame, and a second protective component is installed on the top of the mounting frame; the first protective component includes two protective parts slidably installed inside the mounting frame, and the two protective parts are symmetrically distributed and connected by a connecting plate; the protective part includes a mounting sleeve slidably installed inside the mounting frame, and support rods are slidably installed at both ends of the mounting sleeve, and the end of the support rod away from the mounting sleeve passes through the mounting frame and extends to the outside of the mounting frame, and a protective strip is fixedly installed on the external end of the support rod, and an elastic part is installed between the support rod and the mounting sleeve.

[0007] The beneficial effect is: by opening a first slide groove on the mounting frame to install the first protective component, and setting a second slide groove and a first threaded hole to install the second protective component, and the connecting bolt of the second protective component is threadedly connected to the mounting sleeve of the first protective component, it is convenient for the user to install and fix the mounting sleeve while installing the protective top plate, and then the protective part with elastic parts can be used to buffer the force when the total station falls and is hit, and the top of the total station can also be protected by the protective top plate to prevent the total station from being damaged by loose stones on the top of the tunnel when measuring in the underground tunnel.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that both ends of the mounting frame are provided with a first sliding groove for installing the first protective component, and the top of the mounting frame is provided with a second sliding groove and a first threaded hole for installing the second protective component.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that two connecting pipes are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting frame, the outer surface of the connecting pipe is provided with a first through groove, the other ends of the two connecting pipes are fixedly provided with connecting rings for connecting to the total station, and both ends of the mounting frame are also provided with through holes that are interconnected with the connecting pipes.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the connecting plate, and the connecting rod passes through the through hole and is slidably installed inside the connecting pipe.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a pull ring is fixedly installed on one end of the outer surface of the connecting rod away from the connecting plate, and the pull ring is slidably installed inside the first through groove.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a second through groove and a second threaded hole are provided on the outer surface of the mounting sleeve, a limit block is fixedly installed on the end of the outer surface of the support rod away from the protective strip, and the limit block is slidably installed inside the second through groove.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the second protective component includes a protective top plate, and connecting bolts are installed at both ends of the bottom of the protective top plate. The connecting bolts are threadedly installed inside the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, and an adjustment block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting bolt.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the protective top plate, and a stopper is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing plate.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a mounting plate is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting bolt, a limiting bolt is installed on the internal thread of the mounting plate, a mounting groove is opened at the bottom of the protective top plate, and the mounting plate is slidably installed inside the mounting groove.

[0016] The beneficial effect is: the limit bolt is installed on the mounting frame, a mounting groove is opened at the bottom of the protective top plate, and a mounting plate is provided at the end of the connecting bolt and is slidably installed inside the mounting groove. This makes it convenient for the user to remove the protective top plate when it affects the operation of the total station, thereby achieving the purpose of easy use.

[0017] A method for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Installation: Connect the first protection assembly and the second protection assembly to the total station through the mounting bracket;

[0019] S2. Deployment: Set up a reference point at a stable location outside or inside the tunnel, determine a known azimuth as the polar axis direction, and set up monitoring points at the locations in the tunnel that need to be monitored;

[0020] S3. Set up the total station on the reference point, center and level it, and then aim at the known direction to determine the polar axis.

[0021] S4. Measure, then measure the horizontal angle and slant distance between each monitoring point and the total station in turn, and measure the instrument height and prism height at the same time;

[0022] S5. Calculate the plane coordinates and elevation of the monitoring point using the polar coordinate calculation formula based on the measured horizontal angle, slant distance, instrument height, and prism height;

[0023] S6. Obtain the results. After measuring at different times, compare the coordinate changes of the monitoring points to obtain the deformation of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting frame and the protective assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the protective component in the retracted state in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mounting frame in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a protective element in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first protection component in use in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the first protection component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the second protection component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Total station; 2. Mounting frame; 21. First slide slot; 22. Second slide slot; 221. First threaded hole; 23. Connecting tube; 231. First through-hole; 24. Connecting ring; 25. Through hole;

[0036] 3. First protective assembly; 31. Protective element; 311. Mounting sleeve; 3111. Second through-groove; 3112. Second threaded hole; 312. Support rod; 313. Protective strip; 314. Stop block; 315. Elastic element; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Connecting rod; 34. Pull ring; 35. Mounting bolt;

[0037] 4. Second protective assembly; 41. Protective top plate; 411. Mounting slot; 42. Connecting bolt; 421. Adjusting block; 422. Smooth section; 43. Fixing plate; 431. Stop block; 44. Mounting plate; 45. Limiting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] In busy work areas, surveyors or other staff may accidentally bump into the total station while moving around, causing it to topple over. Furthermore, in windy environments, strong winds can exert a significant force on the total station, causing it to lose balance and topple over. A toppling total station can damage the delicate optical components within, leading to optical path deviation, blurred images, and other issues, compromising the precision and accuracy of measurements.

[0041] Based on the above problems, this embodiment Figure 1 As shown, a device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel includes a total station 1, with mounting frames 2 installed on both sides of the total station 1, first protective components 3 are slidably installed on both ends of the mounting frames 2, and a second protective component 4 is installed on the top of the mounting frame 2. The second protective component 4 is connected to the first protective component 3 and is used to adjust the position of the first protective component 3.

[0042] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the mounting frame 2 is a frame structure, and both ends of the mounting frame 2 are provided with a first slide groove 21 for installing the first protective component 3, and the top of the mounting frame 2 is provided with a second slide groove 22 and a first threaded hole 221 for installing the second protective component 4. Two connecting pipes 23 are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting frame 2, and the outer surface of the connecting pipe 23 is provided with a first through groove 231. The other ends of the two connecting pipes 23 are fixedly installed with a connecting ring 24 for connecting to the total station 1. Both ends of the mounting frame 2 are also provided with through holes 25 that are interconnected with the connecting pipes 23.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the first protective assembly 3 includes a protective piece 31 slidably mounted inside the mounting frame 2. There are two protective pieces 31, and the two protective pieces 31 are symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the mounting frame 2. The two protective pieces 31 are connected by a connecting plate 32. A connecting rod 33 is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the connecting plate 32. The connecting rod 33 passes through the through hole 25 and is slidably mounted inside the connecting pipe 23. A pull ring 34 is fixedly mounted on the end of the outer surface of the connecting rod 33 away from the connecting plate 32. The pull ring 34 is slidably mounted inside the first through groove 231. The bottom protective piece 31 is mounted on the mounting frame 2 by a mounting bolt 35.

[0044] The protective member 31 includes a mounting sleeve 311 that is slidably mounted inside the mounting frame 2. The outer surface of the mounting sleeve 311 is provided with a second through groove 3111 and a second threaded hole 3112. Support rods 312 are slidably mounted on both ends of the mounting sleeve 311. The end of the support rod 312 away from the mounting sleeve 311 passes through the first sliding groove 21 and extends to the outside of the mounting frame 2. A protective strip 313 is fixedly mounted on the end of the support rod 312 that extends to the outside of the mounting frame 2. The end of the outer surface of the support rod 312 away from the protective strip 313 is fixed. A limit block 314 is installed, and the limit block 314 is slidably installed inside the second through groove 3111. Elastic parts 315 are installed at both ends of the installation sleeve 311. The other ends of the two elastic parts 315 are respectively against the two support rods 312. When the total station 1 accidentally tips over, the protective part 31 is impacted and squeezes the elastic part 315, thereby unloading the force and buffering it through the elastic part 315 to protect the total station 1. When the total station 1 is lifted up, the protective part 31 is reset under the action of the elastic part 315.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the second protective assembly 4 includes a protective top plate 41, the protective top plate 41 is a telescopic plate, and a connecting bolt 42 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the protective top plate 41. The number of the connecting bolts 42 is two, and the two connecting bolts 42 are respectively located at both ends of the protective top plate 41. An adjusting block 421 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer surface of the connecting bolt 42. A fixing plate 43 is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the protective top plate 41. The fixing plates 43 are in groups of two, and the two fixing plates 43 in each group are respectively installed on both sides of the connecting bolt 42. The connecting bolt 42 is threadedly installed in the first threaded hole 221 and the second threaded hole 3112. The fixing plate 43 is inserted into the second slide groove 22. The connecting bolt 42 is fixed to the fixing plate When installing 43, the position of the mounting sleeve 311 can also be fixed. A smooth section 422 is provided at the lower middle position of the connecting bolt 42, which can enable the mounting sleeve 311 to approach the fixing plate 43 through the transition of the smooth section 422. A stopper 431 is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the two fixing plates 43 in the same group. When the fixing plate 43 approaches the mounting sleeve 311, it can enter the interior of the second through groove 3111 to fix the limit block 314, thereby fixing the first protective component 3 in the compressed state. At the same time, the protective top plate 41 also moves downward and approaches the total station under the drive of the connecting bolt 42, thereby reducing the overall volume of the device to facilitate the transportation and storage of the entire device.

[0046] When in use, first install the first protective component 3 and the second protective component 4 on the mounting frame 2, retract the protective top plate 41 to bring the mounting frame 2 close to the total station 1, and then install the mounting frame 2 on the total station 1 with bolts, and rotate the connecting bolt 42 through the adjustment block 421 to adjust the height of the protective top plate 41 and the height of the mounting sleeve 311.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first protective component 3 is installed by opening a first slide groove 21 on the mounting frame 2, and the second protective component 4 is installed by setting a second slide groove 22 and a first threaded hole 221, and the connecting bolt 42 of the second protective component 4 is threadedly connected to the mounting sleeve 311 of the first protective component 3, which can facilitate the user to install and fix the mounting sleeve 311 while installing the protective top plate 41, and then the protective part 31 installed with the elastic part 315 can buffer the force when the total station 1 falls and is hit, and the top of the total station 1 can also be protected by the protective top plate 41 to prevent the total station 1 from being damaged by loose stones on the top of the tunnel when it is measuring in the underground tunnel.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] During actual use, it is found that sometimes the protective top plate 41 affects the use of the total station 1 and needs to be removed. However, after the protective top plate 41 is removed, the installation and fixation of the first protective component 3 will be affected.

[0050] like Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the connecting bolt 42 is threadedly installed on the mounting frame 2, and a mounting plate 44 is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting bolt 42, and a limiting bolt 45 is installed on the internal thread of the mounting plate 44. A mounting groove 411 is provided at the bottom of the protective top plate 41, and the mounting plate 44 is slidably installed inside the mounting groove 411. By loosening one of the mounting frames 2, one end of the protective top plate 41 can be removed from one mounting plate 44, and then the other end of the protective top plate 41 can be removed from the other mounting plate 44 to complete the removal of the protective top plate 41.

[0051] When in use, first install the first protective component 3 on the mounting frame 2, then slide the protective top plate 41 from one mounting plate 44 to the other mounting plate 44, and then use the limiting bolts 45 to fix the protective top plate 41. When the protective top plate 41 needs to be removed, loosen one of the mounting frames 2 to slide and remove the protective top plate 41 without affecting the installation and fixation of the first protective component 3.

[0052] In this embodiment, the limiting bolt 45 is installed on the mounting frame 2, a mounting groove 411 is opened at the bottom of the protective top plate 41, and a mounting plate 44 is provided at the end of the connecting bolt 42 and is slidably installed inside the mounting groove 411. This can facilitate the user to remove the protective top plate 41 when it affects the operation of the total station 1, thereby achieving the purpose of easy use.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A method for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1, installation, connecting the first protection assembly 3 and the second protection assembly 4 to the total station 1 through the mounting bracket 2;

[0056] S2. Deployment: Set up a reference point at a stable location outside or inside the tunnel, determine a known azimuth as the polar axis direction, and set up monitoring points at the locations in the tunnel that need to be monitored;

[0057] S3. Set up the total station 1 on the reference point, center and level it, and then aim at the known direction to determine the polar axis.

[0058] S4, measure, then measure the horizontal angle and slant distance between each monitoring point and the total station 1 in turn, and measure the instrument height and prism height at the same time;

[0059] S5. Calculate the plane coordinates and elevation of the monitoring point using the polar coordinate calculation formula based on the measured horizontal angle, slant distance, instrument height, and prism height;

[0060] S6. Obtain the results. After measuring at different times, compare the coordinate changes of the monitoring points to obtain the deformation of the tunnel.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel, comprising a total station (1), characterized in that: The total station (1) is provided with a mounting frame (2) on both sides, a first protective assembly (3) is provided at both ends of the mounting frame (2), and a second protective assembly (4) is provided on the top of the mounting frame (2); the first protective assembly (3) comprises two protective members (31) slidably mounted inside the mounting frame (2), the two protective members (31) are symmetrically distributed, and the two protective members (31) are connected by a connecting plate (32); the protective member (31) comprises a mounting sleeve (311) slidably mounted inside the mounting frame (2), a support rod (312) is slidably mounted at both ends of the mounting sleeve (311), an end of the support rod (312) away from the mounting sleeve (311) passes through the mounting frame (2) and extends to the outside of the mounting frame (2), a protective strip (313) is fixedly mounted on the end of the support rod (312) located on the outside, and an elastic member is installed between the support rod (312) and the mounting sleeve (311); A second through groove (3111) and a second threaded hole (3112) are formed on the outer surface of the mounting sleeve (311); a limit block (314) is fixedly mounted on one end of the outer surface of the support rod (312) away from the protective strip (313); and the limit block (314) is slidably mounted inside the second through groove (3111); The second protection assembly (4) comprises a protection top plate (41), a fixing plate (43) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the protection top plate (41), and a stopper (431) is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixing plate (43).

2. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the mounting frame (2) are provided with first sliding grooves (21) for installing the first protection component (3), and the top of the mounting frame (2) is provided with a second sliding groove (22) and a first threaded hole (221) for installing the second protection component (4).

3. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two connecting tubes (23) are symmetrically mounted on the inner wall of the mounting frame (2), and a first through groove (231) is provided on the outer surface of the connecting tubes (23). A connecting ring (24) for connecting to the total station (1) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the two connecting tubes (23). Through holes (25) communicating with the connecting tubes (23) are also provided at both ends of the mounting frame (2).

4. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod (33) is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the connecting plate (32), and the connecting rod (33) passes through the through hole (25) and is slidably mounted inside the connecting pipe (23).

5. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pull ring (34) is fixedly mounted on one end of the outer surface of the connecting rod (33) away from the connecting plate (32), and the pull ring (34) is slidably mounted inside the first through groove (231).

6. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting bolts (42) are installed at both ends of the bottom of the protective top plate (41). The connecting bolts (42) are threadedly installed inside the first threaded hole (221) and the second threaded hole (3112). An adjusting block (421) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting bolt (42).

7. The device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mounting plate (44) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting bolt (42), a limit bolt (45) is mounted on the internal thread of the mounting plate (44), a mounting groove (411) is provided at the bottom of the protective top plate (41), and the mounting plate (44) is slidably mounted inside the mounting groove (411).

8. A method for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel, using the device for detecting deformation of an underground tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, installation, connecting the first protection component (3) and the second protection component (4) to the total station (1) through the mounting frame (2); S2. Deployment: Set up a reference point at a stable location outside or inside the tunnel, determine a known azimuth as the polar axis direction, and set up monitoring points at the locations in the tunnel that need to be monitored; S3. Set up the total station (1) on the reference point, center and level it, and then aim at the known direction to determine the polar axis; S4, measure, then measure the horizontal angle and slant distance between each monitoring point and the total station (1) in turn, and measure the instrument height and prism height at the same time; S5. Calculate the plane coordinates and elevation of the monitoring point using the polar coordinate calculation formula based on the measured horizontal angle, slant distance, instrument height, and prism height; S6. Obtain the results. After measuring at different times, compare the coordinate changes of the monitoring points to obtain the deformation of the tunnel.

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