Load control mechanism of engine and branch crusher adopting same

Abstract

The invention discloses a load control mechanism of an engine and a branch crusher adopting the load control mechanism. A belt tensioning assembly comprises a driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley and a belt, wherein the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley are sleeved with the belt; the tensioning device further comprises a tensioning assembly, the tensioning assembly comprises a rotating arm arranged beside the belt and a tensioning wheel installed in the middle of the rotating arm, and the tensioning wheel is arranged on one side of the belt and abuts against the belt; the movable end of the rotating arm is rotatably connected with a connecting rod mechanism, and the rotating arm can be driven by the connecting rod mechanism to rotate and drive the tensioning wheel to move to be away from or close to the belt, so that the engine and the working machine are unloaded or loaded. After the belt tensioning assembly is adopted, the tensioning wheel can be driven to be away from or close to the belt by directly controlling rotation of the connecting rod mechanism, so that an engine is unloaded, started or loaded, and operation is convenient and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery equipment, and particularly to a load control mechanism for an engine and a shredder using the mechanism. Background Art

[0002] For traditional engines starting with a load, the starting is difficult and laborious. Specifically, the engine is connected to the driven pulley of the working machine through the driving pulley and the belt. When starting, the engine and the working machine rotate simultaneously, making the starting laborious and difficult. To solve the problem of laborious starting, some engine starting mechanisms are equipped with centrifugal clutches, which are connected to the working machine through pulleys with centrifugal clutches. Although the above structure can solve the problem of laborious starting, the clutch is costly and prone to slipping and burning the belt, resulting in low transmission efficiency.

[0003] To solve the above problems, Chinese Patent with the application number 2024112824190 discloses a load-sensitive system charging valve. The charging valve includes a hydraulic control reversing valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, and a priority valve. The first oil port on the priority valve is communicated with one end of the P pipeline, and the spring interface of the priority valve is communicated with one end of the LS pipeline; the third oil port is communicated with one end of the charging pipeline, and the other end of the charging pipeline is respectively communicated with one end of the A1 pipeline and one end of the A2 pipeline; the A1 pipeline is communicated with one end of the F1 pipeline, and the A2 pipeline is communicated with one end of the F2 pipeline; one spool interface at one end of the hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with the pipeline two through a pipeline, and the other spool interface at the other end is communicated with the MA pipeline through a pipeline, and one end of the MA pipeline is communicated with the charging pipeline. The charging valve provided by the present invention has a priority valve function, can control the load of the pump when the engine starts, makes it very easy to start the vehicle, solves the energy waste design of multiple pumps in the hydraulic system, and at the same time solves the problem that the load is large and it is not easy to start when the engine starts. However, the above system is relatively complex and costly, and is not suitable for the starting system of existing shredders. When the engine of an existing shredder starts, since the output end of the engine is connected to its shredding mechanism, there is a problem of starting with overload. In the prior art, the cost of solving the overload starting is high and the pipeline is complex, which is not suitable for shredders. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a load control mechanism for an engine and a shredder using the mechanism, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that it is laborious and difficult to start the engine with a load, and the cost of load control transformation for load starting is high and it is not suitable for shredders.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A load control mechanism for an engine, comprising a driving pulley connected to the output end of the engine, a driven pulley connected to the input end of the working machine, and a belt sleeved on the driving pulley and the driven pulley; further comprising a tensioning assembly, the tensioning assembly includes a swing arm arranged beside the belt and a tensioning pulley installed in the middle of the swing arm, the tensioning pulley is placed on one side of the belt and abuts against the belt; a link mechanism is rotatably connected to the movable end of the swing arm, the swing arm can be driven by the link mechanism to rotate, and drive the tensioning pulley to move away from or close to the belt, so that the engine and the working machine are unloaded or loaded. In this way, the engine and the working machine are connected by belt drive. A tensioning assembly is arranged in the belt drive mechanism, and the tensioning pulley is installed on a swing arm. Thus, when starting the engine, the swing arm is driven to rotate by the link mechanism, and the position of the tensioning pulley on the swing arm will change. After the tensioning pulley moves away from the belt, the belt will be loosened, and there is no transmission between the engine and the working machine. The engine will not have a load when starting, so it is more labor-saving under no-load starting, and the improvement of the existing mechanism is also small, and the transformation cost is also low. After starting the engine, when the working machine needs to run, the swing arm is driven to rotate in the reverse direction by the link mechanism, and the tensioning pulley on the swing arm moves towards the belt side, approaches and presses against the belt to realize the tensioning of the belt. At this time, a transmission connection is established between the engine and the working machine, and the working machine runs driven by the belt drive mechanism. This way of controlling the load or unloading of the engine and the working machine by controlling the tensioning assembly has a simple control method, is more convenient for installation and operation, and is convenient for large-scale promotion.

[0006] Further, the link mechanism includes a mounting base plate, a tensioning handle and an inclined link assembly. The mounting base plate is fixedly installed above the driving pulley, and one end of the tensioning handle is rotatably installed on the mounting base plate; the upper end of the link assembly is rotatably connected to the middle of the tensioning handle, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable end of the swing arm; after the tensioning handle rotates upward by a certain angle under the action of an external force and is fixed at the current position, it drives the link assembly to rotate, so that the tensioning pulley approaches the belt; when the tensioning handle rotates downward by a certain angle under the action of an external force and is fixed at the current position, it can drive the link assembly to rotate downward, so that the tensioning pulley moves away from the belt. In this way, in use, the link assembly and the swing arm connected to it can be driven to rotate by rotating the tensioning handle, and the structure is compact and reliable. The tensioning handle can be held and rotated by the operator, and the operation is more convenient.

[0007] Further, a limit post is provided on the mounting base plate, a limiting portion extending outward is provided at the rotating end of the tensioning handle, and a limiting opening is provided at the side end of the tensioning handle; after the tensioning handle rotates upward, the limiting opening is stuck on the limit post, and the tensioning handle is locked and positioned; after the tensioning handle rotates downward, the limiting portion is placed under the limit post and abuts against the limit post, and the tensioning handle is locked and positioned. In this way, the limiting buckle and the limiting portion provided on the tensioning handle can cooperate with the limit post when the tensioning handle rotates to different positions, realize the limitation of the tensioning handle, limit its rotation angle, and ensure the precise control of the belt pre-tightening force.

[0008] Further, the connecting rod assembly includes a movable connecting block, a tension spring and a connecting plate. The tension spring is placed between the movable connecting block and the connecting plate, and the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the movable connecting block and the upper end of the connecting plate. One end of the movable connecting block away from the tension spring is rotatably connected to the middle part of the tensioning handle through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the movable end of the rotating arm through a rotating shaft. In this way, the tension spring provided in the connecting rod assembly can ensure that the movable connecting block and the connecting plate do not come into hard contact, effectively ensure that the connecting rod assembly rotates more flexibly, and has a longer service life.

[0009] Further, the movable connecting block is C-shaped, a perforation for hanging the tension spring is provided on the movable connecting block, and a through hole for hanging the tension spring is provided at the upper end of the connecting plate. In this way, the perforation on the movable connecting block and the through hole on the connecting plate can facilitate the installation of the tension spring. After the movable connecting block is set to be C-shaped, it can facilitate the connection with the tensioning handle.

[0010] Further, belt pressing rods with side ends closely attached to the belt are also provided on both sides of the driving pulley. In this way, after one belt pressing rod is provided on each side of the driving pulley, the belt at the driving pulley can be pressed.

[0011] A shredder includes a belt tensioning assembly, an engine and a shredding mechanism; the belt tensioning assembly is as described above, the shredding mechanism includes a mounting box body and a cutter shaft provided in the mounting box body, and the engine is fixedly installed on the mounting box body; the driving pulley is connected to the output shaft of the engine, and the driven pulley is connected to the cutter shaft; one end of the connecting rod mechanism is installed on the engine box body, and the other end is installed on the mounting box body. In this way, after the shredder adopts the above belt tensioning assembly, before the engine starts, by controlling the connecting rod mechanism to drive the rotating arm to rotate, the tensioning wheel is far away from the belt, and the belt is loosened. At this time, the belt between the driving pulley and the driving wheel cannot transmit power, and the driven pulley will not drive the cutter shaft to rotate. It is more labor-saving to start the engine by hand. Before shredding, control the connecting rod mechanism to drive the rotating arm to rotate so that the tensioning wheel approaches the belt, the belt is tensioned, and the driven pulley can rotate driven by the driving pulley to realize shredding. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the belt tensioning assembly in the embodiment; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the belt tension state in the shredder in the embodiment; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the belt loosened state in the shredder in the embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0013] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0015] Such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in the figure, a belt tensioning assembly for facilitating the adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the belt 4 provided in this embodiment includes a driving pulley 2 connected to the output end of the engine 1, a driven pulley 3 connected to the input end of the working machine (the working machine in this embodiment refers to the material crushing mechanism of the shredder), a tensioning assembly, and a belt 4 sleeved on the driving pulley 2 and the driven pulley 3; the tensioning assembly includes a rotating arm 6 provided beside the belt 4 and a tensioning pulley 7 installed in the middle of the rotating arm 6, the tensioning pulley 7 is placed on one side of the belt 4 and abuts against the belt 4; a linkage mechanism 5 is rotatably connected to the movable end of the rotating arm 6, the linkage mechanism 5 includes a mounting base plate 51, a tensioning handle 52, and an inclined linkage assembly, the mounting base plate 51 is fixedly installed above the driving pulley 2, and one end of the tensioning handle 52 is rotatably installed on the mounting base plate 51; the upper end of the linkage assembly is rotatably connected to the middle of the tensioning handle 52, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable end of the rotating arm 6; after the tensioning handle 52 rotates upward by a certain angle under the action of an external force and is fixed at the current position, it drives the linkage assembly and the rotating arm 6 to rotate, so that the tensioning pulley 7 approaches the belt 4, the belt 4 is in a tensioned state, and a load state exists between the engine and the working machine, and the working machine can be driven to operate; when the tensioning handle 52 rotates downward by a certain angle under the action of an external force and is fixed at the current position, it can drive the linkage assembly and the rotating arm 6 to rotate, so that the tensioning pulley 7 moves away from the belt 4, the belt 4 is loosened, and an unloading state exists between the engine and the working machine, and no-load starting can be realized during starting, and starting is more labor-saving. In this way, the engine 1 and the working machine are connected by belt drive. A tensioning assembly is provided in the belt drive mechanism, and the tensioning pulley 7 is installed on a rotating arm 6. Thus, when starting the engine 1, the rotating arm 6 is driven to rotate through the linkage mechanism 5, and the position of the tensioning pulley 7 on the rotating arm 6 will change. After the tensioning pulley 7 moves away from the belt, the belt 4 is loosened, and there is no transmission between the engine 1 and the working machine. The engine 1 will not have a load when starting, so starting is more labor-saving under no-load starting, and the improvement of the existing mechanism is relatively small, and the transformation cost is also relatively low. After starting the engine 1, when the working machine needs to operate, the rotating arm 6 is driven to rotate in the reverse direction through the linkage mechanism 5, and the tensioning pulley 7 on the rotating arm 6 moves toward the belt 4 side, approaches and presses against the belt 4 to realize the tensioning of the belt 4. At this time, a transmission connection is established between the engine 1 and the working machine, and the working machine operates driven by the belt drive mechanism. This way of controlling the load or unloading of the engine and the working machine by controlling the tensioning assembly has a simple control method, is relatively convenient for installation and operation, and is convenient for large-scale promotion.

[0016] In this embodiment, the swing arm 6 is in an inverted V shape, with one end being the rotating end and the other end being the movable end. Specifically, the movable end is the end rotatably connected to the connecting rod assembly; the rotating end is the end where the swing arm 6 is rotatably connected to the shredder housing. The rotating end of the swing arm 6 is located below the belt 4 and has a gap with the belt 4. The tensioning pulley 7 is installed in the middle of the swing arm 6 through a tensioning shaft, and the installation height of the tensioning shaft is higher than that of the rotating end. When the movable end of the swing arm 6 is pulled by the link mechanism 5, it rotates. When the movable end of the swing arm 6 rotates downward, the tensioning pulley 7 moves left and downward accordingly, away from the belt 4. When the movable end of the swing arm 6 rotates upward, the tensioning pulley 7 moves right and upward accordingly, close to the belt 4, to tension the belt 4.

[0017] For the convenience of rotation and installation, the tensioning handle 52 in this embodiment is composed of a flat plate and a rubber sleeve fixed on the flat plate; a limit post 511 (the limit post 511 is perpendicular to the installation base plate 51 and is cylindrical) is provided on the installation base plate 51. An outward-extending limit portion 521 is provided at the rotating end of the tensioning handle 52, and a limit opening 522 (the limit buckle is arc-shaped) is provided at the side end of the tensioning handle 52. After the tensioning handle 52 rotates upward, the limit opening 522 is stuck on the limit post 511, and the tensioning handle 52 is locked and positioned. After the tensioning handle 52 rotates downward, the limit portion 521 is placed under the limit post 511 and abuts against the limit post 511, and the tensioning handle 52 cannot continue to rotate and is locked and positioned. In this way, the limit buckle and the limit portion 521 provided on the tensioning handle 52 can cooperate with the limit post 511 when the tensioning handle 52 rotates to different positions, realizing the limitation of the tensioning handle 52 and limiting its rotation angle to ensure the precise control of the pre-tightening force of the belt 4.

[0018] Further, the connecting rod assembly includes a movable connecting block 53, a tension spring 54, and a connecting plate 55. The tension spring 54 is placed between the movable connecting block 53 and the connecting plate 55, and the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the movable connecting block 53 and the upper end of the connecting plate 55. The end of the movable connecting block 53 away from the tension spring 54 is rotatably connected to the middle of the tensioning handle 52 through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the connecting plate 55 is rotatably connected to the movable end of the swing arm 6 through a rotating shaft. In this way, the tension spring 54 provided in the connecting rod assembly can ensure that the movable connecting block 53 and the connecting plate 55 do not come into hard contact, effectively ensuring that the connecting rod assembly rotates more flexibly and has a longer service life.

[0019] Further, the movable connecting block 53 is in a C shape, and a perforation for hanging the tension spring 54 is provided on the movable connecting block 53, and a through hole for hanging the tension spring 54 is provided at the upper end of the connecting plate 55. In this way, the perforation on the movable connecting block 53 and the through hole on the connecting plate 55 can facilitate the installation of the tension spring 54. After the movable connecting block 53 is set in a C shape, it can facilitate the connection with the tensioning handle 52.

[0020] Furthermore, belt pressing rods (not labeled in the figure) with side ends closely attached to the belt 4 are provided on both sides of the driving pulley 2. In this way, after one belt pressing rod is arranged on each side of the driving pulley 2, the pressing of the belt 4 at the driving pulley 2 can be achieved.

[0021] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, this embodiment also provides a shredder, which includes a belt tensioning assembly, an engine 1, a feeding mechanism, a shredding mechanism, and a discharging mechanism; the belt tensioning assembly is as described above, the shredding mechanism includes a mounting box 8 and a cutter shaft arranged in the mounting box 8, and the engine 1 is fixedly mounted on the mounting box 8; the driving pulley 2 is connected to the output shaft of the engine 1, and the driven pulley 3 is connected to the cutter shaft; one end of the link mechanism 5 is mounted on the engine 1 housing, and the other end is mounted on the mounting box 8. In this way, after the above belt tensioning assembly is adopted by the shredder, before the engine 1 starts, by controlling the link mechanism 5 to drive the swing arm 6 to rotate, the tensioning pulley 7 is moved away from the belt 4, and the belt 4 is loosened. At this time, the belt 4 between the driving pulley 2 and the driving wheel cannot achieve power transmission, and the driven pulley 3 will not drive the cutter shaft to rotate (starting the engine at this time is in an unloading state), and it is more labor-saving to start the engine 1 by hand. Before shredding, control the link mechanism 5 to drive the swing arm 6 to rotate so that the tensioning pulley 7 approaches the belt 4, and the belt 4 is tensioned (at this time, the engine is in transmission connection with the shredding mechanism and is in a load state), and the driven pulley 3 can rotate driven by the driving pulley 2 to achieve shredding.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solutions. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modifications or equivalent replacements made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the purpose and scope of the present technical solution should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load control mechanism for an engine, comprising a driving pulley connected to an output end of the engine, a driven pulley connected to an input end of a working machine, and a belt sleeved on the driving pulley and the driven pulley; characterized in that: It also includes a tensioning assembly, which includes a rotating arm arranged next to the belt and a tensioning wheel installed in the middle of the rotating arm, the tensioning wheel is placed on one side of the belt and is against the belt; a connecting rod mechanism is rotatably connected to the movable end of the rotating arm, the rotating arm can rotate driven by the connecting rod mechanism, and drive the tensioning wheel to move away from or close to the belt, so that the engine and the working machine can unload or load.

2. The engine load control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism includes a mounting base, a tensioning handle and a connecting rod assembly arranged at an angle, wherein the mounting base is fixedly mounted above the driving pulley, and one end of the tensioning handle is rotatably mounted on the mounting base; the upper end of the connecting rod assembly is rotatably connected to the middle of the tensioning handle, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable end of the rotating arm; when the tensioning handle is rotated upward by a certain angle under the action of an external force and fixed in the current position, the connecting rod assembly is driven to rotate so that the tensioning wheel is close to the belt; when the tensioning handle is rotated downward by a certain angle under the action of an external force and fixed in the current position, the connecting rod assembly can be driven to rotate downward so that the tensioning wheel is away from the belt.

3. The engine load control mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting column is provided on the mounting base plate, a limiting portion extending outward is provided at the rotating end of the tensioning handle, and a limiting opening is provided at the side end of the tensioning handle; after the tensioning handle is rotated upward, the limiting opening is clamped on the limiting column, and the tensioning handle is locked and positioned; After the tensioning handle is rotated downward, the limiting portion is placed under the limiting column and abuts against the limiting column, and the tensioning handle is locked in place.

4. The engine load control mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly includes a movable connecting block, a tension spring and a connecting plate. The tension spring is placed between the movable connecting block and the connecting plate, and the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the movable connecting block and the upper end of the connecting plate. The end of the movable connecting block away from the tension spring is rotatably connected to the middle part of the tensioning handle through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the movable end of the rotating arm through a rotating shaft.

5. The engine load control mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable connecting block is C-shaped, a through hole for hanging a tension spring is arranged on the movable connecting block, and a through hole for hanging a tension spring is arranged on the upper end of the connecting plate.

6. The engine load control mechanism according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: Belt pressure rods whose side ends are in close contact with the belt are also arranged on both sides of the driving pulley.

7. A branch chipper, characterized in that: A load control mechanism for an engine comprising the engine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The branch chipper according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an engine and a crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism includes a mounting box and a knife shaft arranged in the mounting box, the engine is fixedly mounted on the mounting box; the driving pulley is connected to the output shaft of the engine, and the driven pulley is connected to the knife shaft; one end of the connecting rod mechanism is mounted on the engine box, and the other end is mounted on the mounting box.

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