Modularized power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device and method

Abstract

The modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device comprises a water turbine power generation module, an energy storage module and a monitoring control module, the water turbine power generation module is connected with the energy storage module, and the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module are both connected with the monitoring control module; a plurality of water turbines which are connected in series are installed in the water turbine power generation module, flow regulating valves are installed at the water inlet ends of the water turbines, the electric energy output ends of the water turbines are connected with an energy storage module, an energy storage battery is arranged in the energy storage module and connected with a monitoring control module, and a data acquisition unit and an intelligent controller are arranged in the monitoring control module. The data acquisition unit is connected with the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller is connected with the flow regulating valve and the water turbine. Water pressure energy in a traditional pressure reduction pipeline is recovered and converted into electric energy, effective utilization of energy is promoted, the energy recovery and utilization efficiency is improved, and energy waste and operation cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power engineering, and in particular, relates to a modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the water network system of large power plants, high-pressure water flow is usually adjusted to a suitable pressure level through pressure reducing valves. However, a large amount of water pressure energy released during the pressure reduction process is not effectively recovered and utilized, resulting in serious energy waste problems. Specifically, the water pumps in the power plant water network system usually pressurize water to a relatively high pressure level to meet the needs of different regions and equipment. However, due to the large differences in pressure requirements at each node in the water network, when the high-pressure water flow is reduced to a suitable pressure level through the pressure reducing valve, the released energy is dissipated in the form of heat, sound, etc., and cannot be converted into available energy. This energy waste not only increases the energy consumption of the power plant but also imposes an additional burden on the environment. In traditional solutions, although some power plants attempt to recover part of the energy through simple energy recovery devices (such as small generators), these devices are often inefficient and lack overall optimization design with the water network system, making it difficult to achieve efficient energy recovery and utilization. In addition, the prior art lacks comprehensive monitoring and management of the surplus pressure in the water network system. The energy release process of high-pressure water flow is usually passive and uncontrollable, and it is impossible to dynamically adjust the energy recovery strategy according to actual needs. This passive energy waste not only exacerbates the energy consumption of the power plant but also limits the operating efficiency and sustainability of the water network system.

[0003] In summary, the existing power plant water network system has obvious deficiencies in the following aspects: mainly, (1) in the existing power plant water network during the water pressure adjustment process, the high-pressure water flow is reduced to a suitable irrigation pressure level through a pressure reducing valve. This pressure reduction process results in a waste of a large amount of water pressure energy, and the energy released during the pressure reduction process is not effectively recovered and utilized; (2) the existing system is difficult to adjust according to the scale of the power plant water network. Facing different scales of pressure requirements, the pipeline needs to be redesigned, resulting in resource waste and low efficiency; (3) the existing pressure regulation methods mainly rely on the frequency conversion regulation of pumps, and there is no energy storage system and intelligent control system. Although this method can adjust the water pressure to a certain extent, it requires high-frequency energy consumption and a complex control system, increasing the economic cost and maintenance difficulty of the system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative solution that can effectively recover the surplus pressure energy released by the pressure reducing valve in the water network system and achieve the coordinated optimization of energy recovery and water network operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device and method to solve the problem of low efficiency in effectively recovering and utilizing water pressure energy in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device, comprising a water turbine power generation module, an energy storage module and a monitoring and control module. The water turbine power generation module is connected to the energy storage module, and both the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module are connected to the monitoring and control module; A number of turbines connected in series are installed in the water turbine power generation module. A flow regulating valve is installed at the water inlet end of the water turbine. The electric energy output end of the water turbine is connected to the energy storage module. An energy storage battery is provided in the energy storage module. The energy storage battery is connected to the monitoring and control module. A data acquisition unit and an intelligent controller are provided in the monitoring and control module. The data acquisition unit is connected to the intelligent controller. The intelligent controller is connected to the flow regulating valve and the water turbine.

[0006] Furthermore, pressure sensors and flow sensors are installed on the pipelines at both the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water turbine. The pressure sensors and the flow sensors are both connected to the data acquisition unit.

[0007] Furthermore, a voltage and current sensor is connected to the electric energy output end of the water turbine. The voltage and current sensor is connected to the data acquisition unit.

[0008] Furthermore, an electric energy regulating unit is provided in the energy storage module. One end of the electric energy regulating unit is connected to the electric energy output end of the water turbine, and the other end of the electric energy regulating unit is connected to the energy storage battery. The energy storage battery is connected to other electrical equipment.

[0009] Furthermore, an inverter, a current regulator and a circuit breaker are provided in the electric energy regulating unit. The inverter is connected to the current regulator, and the current regulator is connected to the circuit breaker.

[0010] Furthermore, a communication unit is provided in the monitoring and control module. The communication unit is connected to the intelligent controller. The communication unit performs data interaction with the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module through the RS485 protocol and the CAN bus.

[0011] Furthermore, a display unit is provided in the monitoring and control module. The display unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and the intelligent controller. The display unit is provided with a touch screen or a display screen.

[0012] Furthermore, the intelligent controller is an embedded processor, and the energy storage battery is a deep cycle lead-acid battery.

[0013] A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation method for the above device, comprising: The data acquisition unit real-time collects the operation data of the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module and sends it to the intelligent controller; The intelligent controller receives real-time operation data and runs the turbine optimization control algorithm, energy storage management algorithm, and system security control algorithm based on the real-time operation data, and adjusts the operation parameters of the turbine and the charge and discharge strategy of the energy storage module in real time to achieve the stable operation of power generation with surplus pressure in the power plant water network.

[0014] Further, the turbine optimization control algorithm monitors the inlet pressure, outlet pressure, flow rate, and rotational speed parameters of the turbine power generation module in real time, presets the operation parameters at the best efficiency point, calculates the real-time pressure difference and flow deviation, and dynamically adjusts the flow regulating valve using a fuzzy control strategy. When the pressure difference exceeds the +0.2 bar threshold, the valve opening is adjusted by deducting 0.5 times the coefficient of the flow deviation from the 100% reference value; when the pressure difference is lower than the -0.2 bar threshold, the adjustment amount is increased in the opposite direction, and when the pressure difference is within the ±0.2 bar stable range, the current valve position is maintained. Finally, the efficiency is optimized by restricting the valve opening within the physical effective range of 0 to 100%. The energy storage management algorithm constructs a charge and discharge strategy based on the state of the energy storage battery and the relationship between power supply and demand, sets the parameter boundaries of the maximum charge and discharge power, SOC operating range, and temperature operating range, preferentially calls stored electrical energy when there is a power demand, and the discharge power takes the minimum value of the power demand value, the power generation value, and the maximum discharge power; when there is an excess of power, the energy storage charging is started, and the charging power is jointly determined by the absolute value of the demand, the power generation power, and the maximum charging power. At the same time, a dual safety mechanism is established, and when the value of SOC or temperature exceeds the parameter boundary, the charging or discharging is immediately terminated. The system security control algorithm implements a hierarchical protection strategy by setting pressure safety thresholds, flow rate upper limits, and current and voltage limits. When the pressure monitoring is abnormal or the flow rate exceeds the limit, a flow rate limit instruction is triggered, and when the current and voltage exceed the safety threshold, the connection to the energy storage system is cut off.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device. By connecting a water turbine power generation module to an energy storage module, both the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module are connected to a monitoring and control module. A number of water turbines connected in series are installed in the water turbine power generation module. The water turbines are responsible for converting water pressure energy into electrical energy. A flow regulating valve is installed at the water inlet end of the water turbine, and the water flow rate can be adjusted to ensure that the water turbine operates in the best state. The electrical energy output end of the water turbine is connected to the energy storage module to transmit the generated electrical energy. An energy storage battery is provided in the energy storage module to store electrical energy and supply power to other electrical equipment. The energy storage battery is connected to the monitoring and control module. The monitoring and control module is provided with a data acquisition unit and an intelligent controller. The data acquisition unit is connected to the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller is connected to the flow regulating valve and the water turbine. The operation data of the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module are collected in real time by the data acquisition unit and sent to the intelligent controller. The intelligent controller supports data-driven optimization, can realize real-time optimization of the system operation, dynamically adjust parameters, ensure that the system can maintain the best performance under different working conditions, and improve the stability and anti-interference ability. The present invention recovers the water pressure energy in the traditional pressure reducing pipeline and converts it into electrical energy, which not only promotes the effective utilization of energy, improves the energy recovery and utilization efficiency, but also reduces the dependence of the power plant on external power, helps the overall energy management of the power plant, reduces energy waste and operation costs, reduces carbon emissions, and promotes sustainable development. The modular design of the present invention makes each component easy to maintain and replace, reducing the overall maintenance cost. At the same time, the intelligent monitoring and dynamic adjustment mechanism also helps to detect potential faults in advance, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0016] Furthermore, the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module of the present invention are adapted to various pipe diameter requirements, equipped with various models of water turbines and electrical energy regulating devices, can be used in a variety of environments and conditions, without large-scale modification or customization of the original pipeline system, and can meet different flow rate, pressure and power requirements at the same time, ensuring the efficient operation of the system, reducing the construction and maintenance costs, facilitating expansion and upgrading, and thus improving the overall performance and efficiency of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the brief structure of the modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device of the present invention.

[0020] Among them: 1 - pressure sensor, 2 - flow sensor, 3 - water turbine, 4 - inverter, 5 - current regulator, 6 - circuit breaker, 7 - energy storage battery, 8 - voltage and current sensor, 9 - intelligent controller. Specific embodiments

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "link" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0027] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present invention provides a modular power generation device for surplus pressure in a power plant water network, including a water turbine power generation module, an energy storage module, and a monitoring and control module. The water turbine power generation module is connected to the energy storage module, and both the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module are connected to the monitoring and control module.

[0028] The water turbine power generation module is the core of the entire device and is responsible for converting water pressure energy into electrical energy. The water turbine power generation module includes a pressure sensor 1, a flow sensor 2, a flow regulating valve, and a number of water turbines 3 connected in series. The water turbines 3 adopt a high-efficiency and low-loss design and are adapted to the pressure range of the power plant water network, usually between 0.6 and 1.4 bar. The flow regulating valve is installed on the inlet pipeline of the water turbine 3 to adjust the water flow rate and ensure that the water turbine 3 operates in the best state. Pressure sensors 1 and flow sensors 2 are installed on both the inlet and outlet pipelines of the water turbine 3 to monitor the changes in water pressure and flow rate in real time, provide data support for the monitoring and control module, and ensure the safe operation of the system. The electrical energy output end of the water turbine 3 is connected to the energy storage module through a pipeline to transmit the generated electrical energy, and is connected to the monitoring and control module through a data line to transmit water pressure and flow data.

[0029] The hydroturbine power generation module is installed at the pressure reducing valve position in the power plant water network, utilizing the existing pipeline system to reduce additional construction costs. The hydroturbine power generation module is equipped with four different models of hydroturbines according to the different pipe diameters requirements of the power plant water network, which are respectively applicable to pipe diameters of DN50, DN100, DN150, and DN200 to ensure efficient energy recovery and stable operation within their respective working ranges. For the DN50 pipe diameter, the selected hydroturbine model is H50-100. The flow rate range is 10 to 50 cubic meters per hour, the pressure range is between 0.6 and 1.4 bar, the efficiency range is 70% to 85%, its power range is 1 to 10 kilowatts, and the head range is 10 to 50 meters. The hydroturbine model applicable to the DN100 pipe diameter is H100-200, and its flow rate range is expanded to 50 to 100 cubic meters per hour. The pressure range is also between 0.6 and 1.4 bar, the efficiency range is increased to 75% to 90%. The power range of the H100-200 hydroturbine is 10 to 20 kilowatts, and the head range is 20 to 100 meters. For the DN150 pipe diameter, the selected hydroturbine model is H150-300, and its flow rate range is 100 to 150 cubic meters per hour. The pressure range is between 0.6 and 1.4 bar, and the efficiency range reaches 80% to 95%. The power range of this model hydroturbine is 20 to 30 kilowatts, and the head range is 30 to 150 meters. The hydroturbine model applicable to the DN200 pipe diameter is H200-400, and its flow rate range reaches 150 to 200 cubic meters per hour. The pressure range is between 0.6 and 1.4 bar, and the efficiency range is 85% to 95%. The power range of the H200-400 hydroturbine is 30 to 40 kilowatts, and the head range is 40 to 200 meters.

[0030] The energy storage module is used to store the electric energy generated by the hydroturbine 3 for subsequent use. The energy storage module includes an electric energy regulation unit, an energy storage battery 7, and a voltage and current sensor 8. One end of the electric energy regulation unit is connected to the electric energy output end of the hydroturbine 3, and the other end is connected to the energy storage battery 7. The energy storage battery 7 is connected to the monitoring and control module. The energy storage battery 7 uses a deep cycle lead-acid battery to supply power to other electrical equipment. The electric energy regulation unit is used to regulate the electric energy output by the hydroturbine to ensure the stable and reliable electric energy stored in the battery. An inverter 4, a current regulator 5, and a circuit breaker 6 are provided in the electric energy regulation unit. The inverter 4 is connected to the current regulator 5, and the current regulator 5 is connected to the circuit breaker 6. The current regulator 5 controls the current during the charge and discharge process to prevent the battery from overcharging or over-discharging and extends the battery service life. The circuit breaker 6 cuts off the circuit in case of an abnormality to protect the safe operation of the energy storage module. The energy storage module is connected to the electric energy output end of the hydroturbine 3. The electric energy output end of the hydroturbine 3 is connected to the voltage and current sensor 8 and is connected to the monitoring and control module through a cable to monitor and manage the energy storage state.

[0031] For pipe diameters of DN50 and DN100, the energy storage module selects deep-cycle lead-acid batteries with a capacity of DCS-500Ah; for pipe diameters of DN150 and DN200, it selects deep-cycle lead-acid batteries with a capacity of DCS-1000Ah. In the power conditioning unit, the Sunny Island 5.0H inverter 4 is used to convert direct current into alternating current to meet the power plant's requirements. The current regulator 5 uses a Victron SmartShunt 1000A to precisely control the charging and discharging current, prevent overcharging and over-discharging, and extend the battery life. The circuit breaker 6 uses a Schneider Electric EasyPact CVS to ensure rapid circuit interruption in case of anomalies and protect the equipment safety.

[0032] The monitoring and control module is the intelligent management core of the entire system, responsible for real-time monitoring and control of the operating status of each module. The monitoring and control module includes a data acquisition unit, a communication unit, a display unit, and an intelligent controller 9. The data acquisition unit is connected to the pressure sensor 1, the flow sensor 2, and the voltage and current sensor 8. By collecting the data of the pressure sensor 1 installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the water turbine 3, it can monitor the water pressure changes in real time; by collecting the data of the flow sensor 2, it can monitor the water flow rate; by collecting the data of the voltage and current sensor 8, it can monitor the current and voltage during the storage and discharge processes. The data acquisition unit is connected to the intelligent controller 9, and the intelligent controller 9 is connected to the flow regulating valve and the water turbine 3. The intelligent controller 9 dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of the flow regulating valve and the water turbine 3 according to the monitoring data collected by the data acquisition unit, achieving efficient energy recovery and stable operation of the system. The monitoring and control module is installed in the control center of the water network and is connected to the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module through data lines to achieve the monitoring and management of the overall system.

[0033] The intelligent controller in the monitoring and control module uses an embedded processor, responsible for running control algorithms, processing real-time data, and outputting control signals. The communication unit is connected to the intelligent controller 9 and conducts data interaction with the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module through the RS485 protocol and the CAN bus. The display unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and the intelligent controller 9, equipped with a touch screen or a display screen, providing and displaying the operating status and parameters of the system through the human-machine interface and supporting manual intervention.

[0034] The high-pressure water flow in the power plant water network undergoes a pressure reduction process through the water turbine 3, and the water turbine 3 converts the water pressure energy into electrical energy. The operating state of the water turbine 3 is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor 1 and the flow sensor 2. The intelligent controller 9 dynamically adjusts the flow regulating valve according to the monitoring data to ensure that the water turbine 3 operates in the optimal state. The electrical energy generated by the water turbine 3 is regulated by the electrical energy regulating unit and then stored in the energy storage battery 7 for use in the power plant, reducing the power plant's dependence on external power. The circuit breaker and current regulator 5 in the energy storage module ensure the safe and efficient use of electrical energy, protecting the energy storage battery 7 and other electrical equipment. Through the pressure sensor 1, the flow sensor 2, and the voltage and current sensor 8, the operating state of the water network and the electrical energy storage state are monitored in real time. The intelligent controller 9 optimizes the operating parameters of the water turbine 3 and the energy storage module according to the monitoring data to ensure the efficient, safe, and stable operation of the system.

[0035] The data acquisition unit collects the operating data of the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module in real time and sends it to the intelligent controller 9. The intelligent controller 9 receives the real-time operating data and executes the water turbine optimization control algorithm, the energy storage management algorithm, and the system safety control algorithm according to the real-time operating data, and adjusts the operating parameters of the water turbine power generation module and the charge and discharge strategy of the energy storage module in real time: The goal of running the water turbine optimization control algorithm is to ensure that the water turbine always operates in the optimal interval of its efficiency curve, which involves the intelligent control method of the hydroelectric power system and specifically includes the coordinated operation of three core control logics. The water turbine optimization control algorithm presets the operating parameters at the best efficiency point by monitoring the inlet pressure, outlet pressure, flow rate, and the rotational speed parameter of the water turbine 3 in the water turbine power generation module in real time. By calculating the real-time pressure difference (the difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure) and the flow deviation (the difference between the measured flow rate and the reference flow rate), a fuzzy control strategy is used to dynamically adjust the flow regulating valve: when the pressure difference exceeds the +0.2 bar threshold, the valve opening is adjusted by subtracting 0.5 times the coefficient of the flow deviation from the 100% reference value; when the pressure difference is lower than the -0.2 bar threshold, the adjustment amount is increased in the opposite direction, and when the pressure difference is in the stable interval of ±0.2 bar, the current valve position is maintained. Finally, the efficiency optimization is achieved by restricting the valve opening to the physical effective range of 0~100%.

[0036] The energy storage management algorithm constructs a charge and discharge strategy based on the state of the energy storage battery 7 (SOC value, temperature parameter) and the relationship between power supply and demand, and sets the parameter boundaries of the maximum charge and discharge power, the SOC operating range of 10% - 95%, and the temperature operating range of 0 - 40°C. When there is a power demand, the stored electrical energy is preferentially called, and the discharge power takes the minimum value of the power demand value, the power generation power value, and the maximum discharge power; when there is a power surplus, the energy storage is started for charging, and the charging power is jointly determined by the absolute value of the demand, the power generation power, and the maximum charging power. At the same time, a dual safety mechanism is established. When SOC≥95% or the temperature > 40°C, the charging is immediately terminated. When SOC≤10% or the temperature < 0°C, the discharge is aborted.

[0037] The system safety control algorithm configures the pressure safety threshold, the flow upper limit, and the current and voltage limits, and implements a hierarchical protection strategy: when the pressure monitoring is abnormal or the flow exceeds the limit, a flow limit instruction is triggered; when the current and voltage exceed the safety threshold, the connection of the energy storage system is cut off. Finally, real-time safety feedback is achieved through status codes or protection instructions, and each module forms a complete intelligent control system through parameter coupling and logical linkage.

[0038] The following further describes the present invention in detail through specific embodiments: Embodiment 1: Taking a large thermal power plant as an example, there are multiple pressure reducing valves in the water network system of the power plant to adjust the water pressure requirements in different areas. By implementing the modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device of the present invention, the water pressure energy released during the pressure reduction process can be effectively recovered, realizing efficient energy recovery and intelligent management. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step (1), determine the pipe diameter and flow rate of the water network pressure reducing valve. In the water network system of this power plant, there is a pressure reducing valve with a pipe diameter of DN150, a flow rate range of 100 - 150 cubic meters per hour, and a working pressure range of 0.6 - 1.4 bar. According to these parameters, select the water turbine model H150 - 300 applicable to the DN150 pipe diameter, whose flow rate range is 100 - 150 cubic meters per hour, the pressure range is between 0.6 - 1.4 bar, and the efficiency range reaches 80% - 95%.

[0039] Step (2), install the hydroturbine power generation module. Install the hydroturbine H150-300 at the position of the pressure reducing valve, and utilize the existing pipeline system to reduce additional construction costs. Install a flow regulating valve at the water inlet end of the hydroturbine 3, and install pressure sensors 1 and flow sensors 2 at both the water inlet end and the water outlet end. Connect it to the energy storage module through pipelines to transport the generated electric energy, and connect it to the monitoring and control module through data lines to transmit water pressure and flow data. At another pressure reducing valve position in this power plant, the pipe diameter is DN200, and the flow range is 150-200 cubic meters per hour. Due to the large water volume, select the hydroturbine model H200-400 and adopt a series configuration. Install two H200-400 type hydroturbines in series to improve the overall power generation capacity and efficiency.

[0040] Step (3), install the energy storage module. According to the power output of the hydroturbine 3 and the power demand of the power plant, configure deep cycle lead-acid batteries with DCS-1000Ah for the hydroturbine with a DN150 pipe diameter; configure two groups of deep cycle lead-acid batteries with DCS-1000Ah for the series-connected hydroturbines with a DN200 pipe diameter to meet greater energy storage requirements. Install the Sunny Island 5.0H inverter 4 to convert direct current into alternating current to suit the power plant's needs; configure the Victron SmartShunt 1000A current regulator 5 to precisely control the charge and discharge current and extend the battery life; install the Schneider Electric EasyPact CVS circuit breaker 6 to ensure circuit safety. Connect the energy storage module to the electric energy output end of the hydroturbine power generation module through cables, and connect it to the monitoring and control module through data lines to monitor and manage the energy storage status.

[0041] Step (4), install the monitoring and control module. The data acquisition unit monitors the water pressure change and water flow rate in real time through the pressure sensors 1 and flow sensors 2 installed at the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the hydroturbine 3; install voltage and current sensors 8 in the energy storage module, and the data acquisition unit monitors the current and voltage during the charge and discharge process in real time. Configure the embedded intelligent controller ARM Cortex series. According to the real-time data obtained by the data acquisition unit, output control algorithms through the communication unit to achieve dynamic adjustment of the system.

[0042] Step (5), set the specific parameters of the control algorithm. Dynamically adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the real-time monitored inlet pressure, outlet pressure, and flow rate to ensure that the hydroturbine 3 always operates at the best efficiency point. When the inlet pressure is 1.2 bar and the outlet pressure is 0.8 bar, the algorithm calculates that the opening of the flow regulating valve is 75%. Optimize the charge and discharge strategy of the energy storage module according to the current SOC of the battery and the power demand of the power plant. When the battery SOC is 80% and the power plant power demand is 15 kW, the algorithm calculates that the charging power is 5 kW and the discharging power is 10 kW.

[0043] Step (6): Configure a touch display screen to show the operating status and parameters of the system and support manual intervention. Operators can view real-time pressure, flow rate, current, voltage data, as well as the charge and discharge status of the battery through the touch display screen.

[0044] Step (7): Connect the water turbine power generation module, energy storage module, and monitoring and control module through pipelines and data lines to form a complete power generation device. During the commissioning phase, ensure normal communication between modules, stable operation of the control algorithm, and the system in the best operating state. During actual operation, the monitoring and control module adjusts the operating parameters of the water turbine 3 and the charge and discharge strategy of the energy storage module in real time. According to the real-time monitored flow rate and pressure data, dynamically adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve; optimize the charge and discharge power according to the SOC and temperature of the battery. Ensure the efficient, safe, and stable operation of the system.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device, characterized in that: It includes a water turbine power generation module, an energy storage module and a monitoring and control module, wherein the water turbine power generation module is connected to the energy storage module, and both the water turbine power generation module and the energy storage module are connected to the monitoring and control module; The water turbine power generation module is provided with a plurality of water turbines (3) connected in series, the water inlet end of the water turbine (3) is provided with a flow regulating valve, the power output end of the water turbine (3) is connected to an energy storage module, the energy storage module is provided with an energy storage battery (7), the energy storage battery (7) is connected to a monitoring and control module, the monitoring and control module is provided with a data acquisition unit and an intelligent controller (9), the data acquisition unit is connected to the intelligent controller (9), and the intelligent controller (9) is connected to the flow regulating valve and the water turbine (3).

2. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (1) and a flow sensor (2) are installed on the pipelines at the water inlet and water outlet of the turbine (3), and the pressure sensor (1) and the flow sensor (2) are both connected to a data acquisition unit.

3. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy output end of the water turbine (3) is connected to a voltage and current sensor (8), and the voltage and current sensor (8) is connected to a data acquisition unit.

4. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric energy regulating unit is provided in the energy storage module, one end of the electric energy regulating unit is connected to the electric energy output end of the water turbine (3), the other end of the electric energy regulating unit is connected to an energy storage battery (7), and the energy storage battery (7) is connected to other electrical equipment.

5. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An inverter (4), a current regulator (5) and a circuit breaker (6) are provided in the electric energy regulation unit; the inverter (4) is connected to the current regulator (5), and the current regulator (5) is connected to the circuit breaker (6).

6. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring and control module is provided with a communication unit, the communication unit is connected to the intelligent controller (9), and the communication unit performs data exchange with the turbine power generation module and the energy storage module via the RS485 protocol and the CAN bus.

7. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring and control module is provided with a display unit, the display unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and the intelligent controller (9), and the display unit is provided with a touch screen or a display screen.

8. The modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent controller (9) is an embedded processor, and the energy storage battery (7) is a deep-cycle lead-acid battery.

9. A modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation method using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition unit collects the operating data of the turbine power generation module and the energy storage module in real time and sends the data to the intelligent controller (9); The intelligent controller (9) receives real-time operation data, and runs a turbine optimization control algorithm, an energy storage management algorithm, and a system safety control algorithm based on the real-time operation data, and adjusts the operation parameters of the turbine (3) and the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage module in real time, so as to achieve stable operation of surplus pressure power generation in the power plant water network.

10. The modular power plant water network surplus pressure power generation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The operating optimization control algorithm of the hydraulic turbine is implemented by real-time monitoring of the water inlet pressure, water outlet pressure, flow rate and speed parameters of the hydraulic turbine power generation module, presetting the operating parameters of the best efficiency point, calculating the real-time pressure difference and flow deviation, and dynamically adjusting the flow control valve using a fuzzy control strategy. When the pressure difference exceeds the +0.2 bar threshold, the valve position opening is adjusted according to the 100% reference value minus the flow deviation coefficient by 0.5 times; when the pressure difference is lower than the -0.2 bar threshold, the adjustment amount is increased in the reverse direction. When the pressure difference is in the stable range of ±0.2 bar, the current valve position is maintained. Finally, efficiency optimization is achieved by constraining the valve position opening within the physical effective range of 0-100%. The energy storage management algorithm constructs a charging and discharging strategy based on the state of the energy storage battery (7) and the power supply and demand relationship, sets the parameter boundaries of the maximum charging and discharging power, the SOC working range and the temperature operating range, and gives priority to calling the stored electric energy when there is a power demand, and the discharge power takes the minimum value of the power demand value, the power generation power value and the maximum discharge power; when there is excess power, the energy storage charging is started, and the charging power is determined by the absolute value of the demand, the power generation power and the maximum charging power, and a dual safety mechanism is established at the same time, when the SOC or temperature value exceeds the parameter boundary, the charging or discharging is immediately terminated; The system safety control algorithm implements a hierarchical protection strategy by setting a pressure safety threshold, a flow upper limit, and a current and voltage limit. When pressure monitoring is abnormal or the flow exceeds the limit, a flow limit instruction is triggered, and when the current and voltage exceed the safety threshold, the energy storage system connection is cut off.

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