Speed reducer, working machine and bearing lubrication method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting speed reducers, and discloses a speed reducer, an operation machine and a bearing lubricating method. The speed reducer comprises a box body, a transmission module and a magnetic attraction part, the box body comprises a transmission chamber and a bearing chamber, the bearing chamber is located on the side portion of the transmission chamber, and a bearing is arranged in the bearing chamber; one end of the oil suction passage is communicated with the transmission chamber, the other end of the oil suction passage is communicated with an external oil pump, one end of the oil injection passage is communicated with the bearing chamber, and the other end of the oil injection passage is communicated with the oil pump; the transmission module comprises a speed reducing mechanism and a transmission shaft, the speed reducing mechanism is arranged in the transmission chamber, and the transmission shaft penetrates through the bearing chamber; the magnetic attraction piece is arranged in the transmission chamber. According to the invention, the risk that impurities enter the circulation of forced lubrication can be reduced while the bearing is forcibly lubricated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting reducers, and particularly to reducers, working machinery, and bearing lubrication methods. Background Art

[0002] The cutting reducer is applied to a roadheader. The roadheader needs to operate in coal mines or other mining areas, and the pitching angle changes greatly during the operation. In some related technologies, the cutting reducer uses oil bath immersion lubrication. When the elevation angle or depression angle is too large, one side of the bearing may be in a state of oil-free lubrication, resulting in bearing failure and seriously affecting the service life of the reducer.

[0003] Therefore, in some related technologies, forced lubrication is performed on the bearings. The oil bath is connected to an external oil pump through a pipeline, and then the lubricating oil is pumped to the bearings of the cutting reducer through the oil pump. After lubrication, it flows back to the oil bath to realize a cyclic oil circuit.

[0004] However, the working environment in the mine roadway is harsh, and the roadheader vibrates during operation, which easily causes impurities such as iron filings to be generated in the cutting reducer. These impurities easily enter the oil pump along with the cycle, which will damage the oil pump. If the impurities further reach the bearings, they may also damage the bearings, seriously affecting the normal operation of the cutting reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a reducer, working machinery, and bearing lubrication method to solve the problem that impurities easily enter the cycle of forced lubrication.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a reducer, including a box body, a transmission module, and a magnetic attracting member. The box body includes a transmission chamber and a bearing chamber. The bearing chamber is located on the side of the transmission chamber, and bearings are arranged in the bearing chamber. The box body further includes an oil suction passage and an oil injection passage. One end of the oil suction passage communicates with the transmission chamber, and the other end is used to communicate with an external oil pump. One end of the oil injection passage communicates with the bearing chamber, and the other end is used to communicate with the oil pump. The transmission module includes a speed reduction mechanism and a transmission shaft. The speed reduction mechanism is arranged in the transmission chamber, and the transmission shaft passes through the bearing chamber. The magnetic attracting member is arranged in the transmission chamber.

[0007] Beneficial effects: During operation, lubricating oil is injected into the transmission chamber to form an oil pool in the transmission chamber, and the reduction mechanism is immersed in lubrication. Under the action of the oil pump, the lubricating oil is sucked out of the transmission chamber, and enters the bearing chamber through the oil suction passage and the oil injection passage to force lubrication of the bearing, and then flows back to the transmission chamber from the bearing chamber, realizing the circulation of the lubricating oil and ensuring that the bearing is in an oil-containing state; during operation, impurities generated by the reduction mechanism will fall into the oil pool, and then be adsorbed by the magnetic suction part, and gather around the magnetic suction part, reducing the risk of impurities being sucked into the oil suction passage; therefore, the reducer can reduce the risk of impurities entering the forced lubrication cycle while forcing lubrication of the bearing.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the transmission shaft includes a coaxially arranged input shaft and an output shaft, and the reduction mechanism includes a planetary gear train; the planetary gear train includes a ring gear, which is fixed in the transmission chamber, and the magnetic attraction member is arranged on the bottom wall of the transmission chamber, and the ring gear is provided with a waste discharge hole facing the magnetic attraction member.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The use of a planetary gear train as a reduction mechanism can provide a larger reduction ratio in a relatively small size and meet the heavy-load requirements of the usage scenario. Therefore, the reducer is suitable for use in working machinery such as tunnel boring machines; correspondingly, the input shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, the input shaft is used to connect the driver, and the output shaft is used to connect the actuator, which is suitable for transmission connection with the planetary gear train; the magnetic suction part is arranged on the bottom wall, and the impurities generated by the reduction mechanism can pass through the waste discharge hole under the action of gravity and the magnetic suction part and be adsorbed by the magnetic suction part. By adopting a fixed gear ring, the disturbance of the lubricating oil around the gear ring can be reduced, so that the impurities can be stably gathered around the magnetic suction part, further reducing the risk of impurities being sucked into the oil suction passage.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the planetary gear train further includes planetary wheels, the planetary wheels are arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and the magnetic attraction member is staggered with the planetary wheels in the axial direction.

[0011] Beneficial effect: The reducer structure using a planetary gear train is generally compact, and the distance between the planetary wheel and the bottom wall is close. When the planetary wheel reciprocates, the magnetic attraction part can easily magnetize the planetary wheel, causing the operation of the planetary gear train to be affected. By staggering the magnetic attraction part and the planetary wheel, the distance between the planetary wheel and the magnetic attraction part can be increased as much as possible, reducing the risk of magnetization of the planetary wheel.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the housing includes a main shell and two bearing seats, the main shell is axially penetrated, the bearing seats are arranged on the main shell, the two bearing seats are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction, the main shell and the two bearing seats surround and form the transmission chamber, and the bearing seats are used to set the bearing chamber.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The box body is assembled by a main housing and a bearing seat. The main housing and the bearing seat can be processed separately and then assembled together, which helps to reduce the processing cost of the box body.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the bearing seat includes a second bearing seat. The second bearing seat is located inside the main housing. The second bearing seat is provided with a through first oil passage hole. The top of the main housing is provided with a through second oil passage hole. The box body further includes a first oil pipe, and the first oil pipe is connected between the first oil passage hole and the second oil passage hole to form the oil suction passage.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The oil suction passage sucks lubricating oil through the first oil passage hole. The first oil passage hole is in the second bearing seat. In other words, the inlet of the oil suction passage is located on the side wall of the transmission chamber, so that the inlet of the oil suction passage is far from the magnetic part on the bottom wall, avoiding sucking impurities around the magnetic part. Moreover, using the first oil pipe to connect the first oil passage hole and the second oil passage hole helps to compensate for the assembly error between the main housing and the second bearing seat, relax the requirement for the processing accuracy of the reducer, and simplify the assembly steps of the reducer.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the input shaft passes through the second bearing seat. The box body further includes a connecting plate. The connecting plate is arranged at one end of the main housing along the axial direction. The connecting plate and the input shaft are on the same side of the transmission chamber and are arranged at intervals with the second bearing seat. The connecting plate is used to be arranged on the power device, and the first oil pipe is located between the connecting plate and the second bearing seat.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By arranging the first oil pipe on the same side of the input shaft and the first oil passage hole around the relatively fast rotating planetary gear, the turbulence generated by the rotation of the planetary gear can be utilized to further reduce the risk of impurities entering the oil suction passage. Moreover, during use, the connecting plate is arranged on the power device, and the output end of the power device is drivingly connected to the input shaft for power output. The power device can enclose the connecting plate, forming a space isolated from the external environment between the connecting plate and the second bearing seat to protect the first oil pipe therein and reduce the risk of the forced lubrication being damaged.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, it further includes an end cover. The end cover is arranged on the box body. The end cover covers the bearing chamber. The transmission shaft passes through the end cover. The top of the end cover is provided with a fifth oil passage hole. One end of the fifth oil passage hole communicates with the oil injection passage, and the other end of the fifth oil passage hole communicates with the bearing chamber.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The lubricating oil enters the bearing chamber from the side where the end cover is located and flows down from the fifth oil passage hole at the top, so that the bearing can be fully wetted from the outside to the inside under the action of gravity, improving the lubrication effect on the bearing.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes a pair of inner oil seals and outer oil seals, and the inner oil seals and the outer oil seals are arranged between the end cover and the transmission shaft.

[0021] Advantageous effects: The arrangement of the inner oil seals and the outer oil seals can improve the sealing effect. On the one hand, it can prevent impurities in the external environment from invading the bearing chamber. On the other hand, it can improve the compressive resistance of the seal and prevent lubricating oil from leaking to the outside of the speed reducer.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a working machine, including an actuator and the speed reducer provided by the present invention. The actuator is arranged on the speed reducer and is drivingly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0023] Advantageous effects: The working machine includes the speed reducer provided by the present invention, and thus correspondingly has the advantageous effects brought by the speed reducer, which will not be elaborated here.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a bearing lubrication method. The bearing lubrication method uses the speed reducer provided by the present invention, and the bearing lubrication method includes: injecting lubricating oil into the transmission chamber to form an oil sump; sucking the lubricating oil from the oil sump through the oil suction passage; and sending the lubricating oil to the bearing chamber through the oil injection passage.

[0025] Advantageous effects: The bearing lubrication method uses the speed reducer provided by the present invention, and thus correspondingly has the advantageous effects brought by the speed reducer, which will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a side view of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows the speed reducer when observed from the input shaft side;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a bottom view of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of area A in

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of area B in

[0032] Figure 6 is Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of area C in

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Box body; 101. Transmission chamber; 102. Bearing chamber; 103. Oil suction passage; 104. Oil injection passage; 105. Main housing; 1051. Oil drain hole; 106. Bearing seat; 1061. First bearing seat; 1062. Second bearing seat; 107. First oil pipe; 108. Second oil pipe; 109. Connecting plate; 110. Positioning ring; 2. Bearing; 301. Input shaft; 302. Output shaft; 303. Ring gear; 3031. Waste discharge hole; 304. Planet gear; 306. Planet carrier; 307. Intermediate shaft; 4. Magnetic part; 5. Filter element; 6. End cover; 601. First end cover; 602. Second end cover; 701. Inner oil seal; 702. Outer oil seal; 8. Sealing part. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, the singular forms "a" and "an" as used herein may also represent the plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise" and "have" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or their combinations.

[0037] Although terms such as first and second may be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Additionally, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arranged" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] For ease of description, spatial relative relationship terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure relative to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms are, for example, "end", "length", "inner", "outer", etc. Such spatial relative relationship terms are intended to include different orientations of the mechanism during use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figure. For example, if the mechanism in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below other elements or features" or "beneath other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "over other elements or features". Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The mechanism can be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are accordingly interpreted.

[0039] When the roadheader operates underground, the pitch angle will vary within a large range. If the reducer simply uses immersion lubrication, when the elevation angle or depression angle is too large, one side of the bearing 2 may be in a state of oil-free lubrication, resulting in the failure of the bearing 2. Some related technologies use a combination of immersion lubrication and forced lubrication to lubricate the bearing 2, but impurities (such as metal debris generated by the wear of the reduction mechanism) are easily mixed into the lubricating oil circulation of the forced lubrication during the operation of the reducer, resulting in damage to structures such as the oil pump and the bearing 2.

[0040] The following will be combined with Figures 1 to 6 , to describe the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a reducer is provided, including a housing 1, a transmission module and a magnetic member 4, the housing 1 including a transmission chamber 101 and a bearing chamber 102, the bearing chamber 102 is located at the side of the transmission chamber 101, and a bearing 2 is arranged in the bearing chamber 102; the housing 1 also includes an oil suction passage 103 and an oil injection passage 104, one end of the oil suction passage 103 is connected to the transmission chamber 101, and the other end is used to connect to an external oil pump, one end of the oil injection passage 104 is connected to the bearing chamber 102, and the other end is used to connect to the oil pump; the transmission module includes a reduction mechanism and a transmission shaft, the reduction mechanism is arranged in the transmission chamber 101, and the transmission shaft is passed through the bearing chamber 102; the magnetic member 4 is arranged in the transmission chamber 101.

[0042] During operation, lubricating oil is injected into the transmission chamber 101, and an oil pool is formed in the transmission chamber 101 to immerse the reduction mechanism in lubrication. Under the action of the oil pump, the lubricating oil is sucked out from the transmission chamber 101, and enters the bearing chamber 102 through the oil suction passage 103 and the oil injection passage 104, and the bearing 2 is forced to be lubricated. Then, the lubricating oil flows back to the transmission chamber 101 from the bearing chamber 102, realizing the circulation of the lubricating oil, ensuring that the bearing 2 is in an oily state, and ensuring that the transmission shaft can rotate smoothly.

[0043] During operation, impurities generated by the reduction mechanism will fall into the oil pool and be adsorbed by the magnetic component 4, gathering around the magnetic component 4, reducing the risk of impurities being sucked into the oil suction passage 103; therefore, the reducer can reduce the risk of impurities entering the forced lubrication cycle while forcibly lubricating the bearing 2.

[0044] It is understandable that the reducer can be a cutting reducer used in a tunnel boring machine, or can also be used in other scenarios, and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0045] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the reduction mechanism includes a planetary gear train. Using a planetary gear train as a reduction mechanism can provide a larger reduction ratio in a relatively small size and meet the heavy load requirements of the usage scenario. Therefore, the reducer is suitable for use in working machinery such as tunnel boring machines.

[0046] It can be understood that the planetary gear train is composed of a sun gear, a planetary gear 304, a planetary carrier 306, and a ring gear 303. The number of planetary gear trains in the reduction mechanism can be one or more stages. By adjusting the setting mode (fixed or rotating) of each structure in the planetary gear train, the planetary gear train can produce different transmission effects.

[0047] Optionally, the transmission shaft includes a coaxially arranged input shaft 301 and an output shaft 302, the input shaft 301 is used to connect to a driver, the output shaft 302 is used to connect to an actuator, and the input shaft 301 and the output shaft 302 are coaxially arranged and suitable for transmission connection with a planetary gear train.

[0048] Exemplarily, in some embodiments, the planetary gear train includes a ring gear 303 , which is fixedly disposed in the transmission chamber 101 , and the magnetic element 4 is disposed on the bottom wall of the transmission chamber 101 , and the ring gear 303 is provided with a waste discharge hole 3031 facing the magnetic element 4 .

[0049] The impurities generated by the reduction mechanism can pass through the waste discharge hole 3031 under the action of gravity and the magnetic component 4 and be adsorbed by the magnetic component. By adopting a fixed ring gear 303, the disturbance of the lubricating oil around the ring gear 303 can be reduced, so that the impurities can be stably gathered around the magnetic component 4, further reducing the risk of impurities being sucked into the oil suction passage 103.

[0050] Specifically, with reference to Figure 4 In some embodiments, a certain interval is left between the ring gear 303 and the bottom wall of the housing 1, thereby separating a bottom space for accommodating impurities in the transmission chamber 101. Since the ring gear 303 and the housing 1 are relatively fixed, the lubricating oil in the bottom space is not easily disturbed, and impurities entering the bottom space are not easy to escape from the waste discharge hole 3031.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the oil suction passage 103 is connected to the side wall of the transmission chamber 101 . In this case, the entrance of the oil suction passage 103 is far away from the bottom space, and impurities are less likely to enter the oil suction passage 103 .

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, a through oil drain hole 1051 is provided on the bottom wall of the transmission chamber 101, and the magnetic attraction member 4 is a magnetic screw plug, which is detachably provided at the oil drain hole 1051. The depth of the oil drain hole 1051 is greater than the thickness of the magnetic screw plug, so that impurities can be accumulated in the oil drain hole 1051. During maintenance, the magnetic screw plug can be removed to conveniently clean the impurities accumulated in the transmission chamber 101.

[0053] Of course, in addition to setting the magnetic component 4 on the bottom wall, in some embodiments not shown, the magnetic component 4 may also be set on the side wall close to the bottom wall, as long as it can absorb and retain impurities. In addition to the magnetic plug, the magnetic component 4 may also use a permanent magnet or other magnetic structure.

[0054] In some embodiments, the planetary gears 304 are spaced apart in the axial direction, and the magnetic member 4 is staggered with the planetary gears 304 in the axial direction. The reducer structure using a planetary gear system is generally compact, and the distance between the planetary gears 304 and the bottom wall is close. When the planetary gears 304 reciprocate, the magnetic member 4 is easy to magnetize the planetary gears 304, resulting in the operation of the planetary gear system being affected. By staggering the magnetic member 4 and the planetary gears 304, the distance between the planetary gears 304 and the magnetic member 4 can be increased as much as possible, thereby reducing the magnetization risk of the planetary gears 304.

[0055] Exemplarily, in Figure 1 the illustrated embodiment, the number of planetary gear trains in the speed reduction mechanism is two. Specifically, the speed reduction mechanism further includes an intermediate shaft 307, which is coaxially arranged with the input shaft 301 and the output shaft 302 and is disposed between the input shaft 301 and the output shaft 302. The sun gears are integrally formed on the input shaft 301 and the intermediate shaft 307. One planetary gear train is drivingly connected to the input shaft 301 and the intermediate shaft 307, and the other planetary gear train is drivingly connected to the intermediate shaft 307 and the output shaft 302. The two planetary gear trains share a ring gear 303. The magnetic part 4 is axially located between the planet gears 304 of the two planetary gear trains.

[0056] Referring to Figure 3 , in some embodiments, a plurality of through oil drain holes 1051 are provided on the bottom wall of the transmission chamber 101 to facilitate oil drainage during maintenance. Some of the oil drain holes 1051 use magnetic plugs (for example Figure 3 only the middle oil drain hole 1051 in uses a magnetic plug), and the remaining oil drain holes 1051 use non-magnetic ordinary plugs to further reduce the magnetization risk of the planet gears 304.

[0057] In some embodiments, the housing 1 includes a main housing 105 and two bearing seats 106. The main housing 105 is axially through, and the bearing seats 106 are disposed on the main housing 105. The two bearing seats 106 are axially arranged opposite to each other. The main housing 105 and the two bearing seats 106 enclose to form a transmission chamber 101, and the bearing seats 106 are provided with bearing chambers 102. The housing 1 is assembled by the main housing 105 and the bearing seats 106. The main housing 105 and the bearing seats 106 can be processed separately and then assembled together, which helps to reduce the processing cost of the housing 1.

[0058] The main housing 105 and the bearing seats 106 can be detachably assembled together, or the main housing 105 and the bearing seats 106 can also be welded together, making the structure of the housing 1 more stable and suitable for use in relatively harsh scenarios.

[0059] Referring to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the bearing seat 106 includes a first bearing seat 1061. The first bearing seat 1061 is disposed at one end of the main housing 105 and is in contact and positioned with the end of the main housing 105 (that is, directly positioned on the main housing 105). The first bearing seat 1061 directly uses the main housing 105 as a positioning reference, so that the relative position relationship between the first bearing seat 1061 and the main housing 105 can be ensured during the assembly process, enabling the oil passage (such as the oil injection passage 104 for delivering lubricating oil to the first bearing seat 1061) passing through the first bearing seat 1061 and the main housing 105 to be accurately docked.

[0060] Referring to Figure 6 , in some embodiments, the bearing housing 106 further includes a second bearing housing 1062. The second bearing housing 1062 is located inside the main housing 105 and is indirectly positioned in the main housing 105.

[0061] Specifically, in the Figure 6 illustrated embodiment, the housing 1 further includes a positioning ring 110. The positioning ring is disposed inside the main housing 105. The outer contour of the positioning ring 110 matches the inner contour of the main housing 105. The side of the positioning ring 110 facing the gear ring 303 has a positioning step for positioning the gear ring 303. The gear ring 303 is clamped and positioned between the first bearing housing 1061 and the positioning ring, so as to leave a certain distance from the main housing 105. The second bearing housing 1062 is positioned through the gear ring 303, the first bearing housing 1061, and the positioning ring 110. At this time, machining errors may accumulate, resulting in an increase in the positioning tolerance between the second bearing housing 1062 and the main housing 105. If an oil passage needs to be designed to pass through the second bearing housing 1062 and the main housing 105, it may increase the assembly difficulty.

[0062] Therefore, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in some embodiments, the second bearing housing 1062 is provided with a through first oil hole, the top of the main housing 105 is provided with a through second oil hole, and the housing 1 further includes a first oil pipe 107. The first oil pipe 107 is connected between the first oil hole and the second oil hole to form an oil suction passage 103.

[0063] The oil suction passage 103 sucks lubricating oil through the first oil hole. The first oil hole is located in the second bearing housing 1062. In other words, the inlet of the oil suction passage 103 is located on the side wall of the transmission chamber 101, so that the inlet of the oil suction passage 103 is far from the magnetic part 4, avoiding sucking impurities around the magnetic part 4. Moreover, using the first oil pipe 107 to connect the first oil hole and the second oil hole helps to compensate for the assembly error between the main housing 105 and the second bearing housing 1062, relax the requirement for the machining accuracy of the reducer, and simplify the assembly steps of the reducer.

[0064] For the same reason, in some embodiments, the housing 1 further includes a second oil pipe 108. The second bearing housing 1062 is provided with a through third oil hole, the top of the main housing 105 is provided with a through fourth oil hole, and the second oil pipe 108 is connected between the third oil hole and the fourth oil hole to form an oil suction passage 103 for delivering lubricating oil to the bearing chamber 102 of the second bearing housing 1062.

[0065] In some embodiments, the input shaft 301 passes through the second bearing housing 1062.

[0066] In other words, the first oil pipe 107 is arranged on the same side of the input shaft 301, so that the first oil through-hole is located around the planet gear 304 with a relatively fast rotational speed, and the turbulent flow generated by the rotation of the planet gear 304 can be utilized to further reduce the risk of impurities entering the oil suction passage 103.

[0067] Moreover, since the second bearing seat 1062 is located inside the main housing 105, in some embodiments, the housing 1 may further include a connecting plate 109. The connecting plate 109 is arranged at one axial end of the main housing 105. The connecting plate 109 and the input shaft 301 are on the same side of the transmission chamber 101 and are arranged at intervals from the second bearing seat 1062. The connecting plate 109 is used to be arranged on the power device, and the first oil pipe 107 is located between the connecting plate 109 and the second bearing seat 1062.

[0068] During use, the connecting plate 109 is arranged on the power device, and the output end of the power device is drivingly connected to the input shaft 301 for power output. The power device can enclose the connecting plate 109 to form a space isolated from the external environment between the connecting plate 109 and the second bearing seat 1062, protecting the first oil pipe 107 and the second oil pipe 108 therein and reducing the risk of damage to the forced lubrication.

[0069] In some embodiments, the speed reducer further includes a seal 8. The seal 8 is arranged on the connecting plate 109 and is used to seal the gap between the connecting plate 109 and the power device, improving the protection effect on the first oil pipe 107 and the second oil pipe 108.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first oil pipe 107 and the second oil pipe 108 can be connected by welding, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the first oil pipe 107 and the second oil pipe 108.

[0071] In some embodiments, the speed reducer further includes a filter element 5. The filter element 5 is arranged at the inlet of the oil suction passage 103. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 1 , the filter element 5 is arranged in the first oil through-hole. The filter element 5 can play a further filtering role and further reduce the risk of impurities entering the oil suction passage 103.

[0072] In some embodiments, the speed reducer further includes an end cover 6. The end cover 6 is arranged on the housing 1. The end cover 6 covers the bearing chamber 102, and the transmission shaft passes through the end cover 6. Specifically, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the end cover 6 can be divided into a first end cover 601 and a second end cover 602. The first end cover 601 is arranged on the first bearing seat 1061, and the second end cover 602 is arranged on the second bearing seat 1062.

[0073] In some embodiments, a fifth oil passage hole is provided at the top of the end cover 6. One end of the fifth oil passage hole communicates with the oil injection passage 104, and the other end of the fifth oil passage hole communicates with the bearing chamber 102.

[0074] The lubricating oil enters the bearing chamber 102 from the side where the end cover 6 is located and flows down through the fifth oil passage hole at the top, so that the bearing 2 can be fully wetted from the outside to the inside under the action of gravity, improving the lubrication effect on the bearing 2.

[0075] In some embodiments, the speed reducer further includes a pair of inner oil seals 701 and outer oil seals 702, and the inner oil seals 701 and outer oil seals 702 are arranged between the end cover 6 and the transmission shaft.

[0076] The arrangement of the inner oil seal 701 and the outer oil seal 702 can improve the sealing effect. On the one hand, it can prevent impurities in the external environment from invading the bearing chamber 102, and on the other hand, it can improve the compressive resistance of the seal and prevent the lubricating oil from leaking to the outside of the speed reducer.

[0077] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a working machine, including an actuator and the speed reducer provided by the present invention. The actuator is arranged on the speed reducer and is drivingly connected to the output shaft 302.

[0078] The working machine includes the speed reducer provided by the present invention, and thus correspondingly has the beneficial effects brought by the speed reducer, which will not be elaborated here. Exemplarily, the working machine can be a roadheader. At this time, the actuator is a cutting head. In other scenarios, the working machine can also use other actuators.

[0079] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a bearing lubrication method. The bearing lubrication method uses the speed reducer provided by the present invention, and the bearing lubrication method includes the following steps:

[0080] Step S110: Inject lubricating oil into the transmission chamber 101 to form an oil sump.

[0081] The lubricating oil can be injected into the transmission chamber 101 through the oil suction passage 103 or other holes and channels on the speed reducer that communicate with the transmission chamber 101. The present invention does not limit this. The injected lubricating oil accumulates at the bottom of the transmission chamber 101 under the action of gravity to form an oil sump, and the oil sump can at least immerse the lower end of the speed reduction mechanism to produce an immersion lubrication effect.

[0082] Step S120: Draw lubricating oil from the oil sump through the oil suction passage 103.

[0083] Step S130: Send the lubricating oil to the bearing chamber 102 through the oil injection passage 104.

[0084] Specifically, the oil suction passage 103 and the oil injection passage 104 are respectively connected to an external oil pump to form a circulation loop composed of the transmission chamber 101, the oil suction passage 103, the oil pump, the oil injection passage 104, the bearing chamber 102, and the transmission chamber 101. After the oil pump is started, lubricating oil can be sucked and pumped into the bearing chamber 102.

[0085] The bearing lubrication method uses the speed reducer provided by the present invention, and thus correspondingly has the beneficial effects brought by the speed reducer, which will not be elaborated here.

[0086] In some other embodiments, the bearing lubrication method may include the following steps:

[0087] Step S210: Assemble the speed reducer.

[0088] Step S220: Inject lubricating oil into the transmission chamber 101 to form an oil sump.

[0089] Step S230: Suck lubricating oil from the oil sump through the oil suction passage 103.

[0090] Step S240: Send the lubricating oil to the bearing chamber 102 through the oil injection passage 104.

[0091] Exemplarily, in some embodiments, step S210 further includes:

[0092] Step S211: Provide the main housing 105.

[0093] Step S212: Assemble the first bearing seat 1061 at one end of the main housing 105.

[0094] It can be understood that the main housing 105 penetrates axially. After the first bearing seat 1061 is assembled, the first bearing seat 1061 forms a reference surface at one end of the main housing 105 for the assembly of subsequent structures. The other end of the main housing 105 is temporarily open to facilitate the loading of components into the main housing 105. Moreover, the holes inside the first bearing seat 1061 and the main housing 105 are interconnected to form the oil injection passage 104 for delivering lubricating oil to the output shaft 302.

[0095] Step S213: Assemble the transmission module with the first bearing seat 1061 as the reference.

[0096] Taking the first bearing seat 1061 as the reference can accurately position the transmission module. When assembling the transmission module, the output shaft 302 corresponding to the first bearing seat 1061 is assembled together.

[0097] Step S214: Assemble the second bearing seat 1062 with the speed reduction mechanism as the reference.

[0098] Specifically, in Figure 6In the embodiment of , after the ring gear 303 is installed, the positioning ring 110 is placed to position the ring gear 303. Next, the remaining structures of the reduction mechanism and the input shaft 301 are assembled. Finally, the second bearing seat 1062 is positioned and installed by using the positioning ring 110.

[0099] Step S215: Weld the first oil pipe 107 and the second oil pipe 108 between the second bearing seat 1062 and the main housing 105 to form an oil suction passage 103 and an oil injection passage 104 for delivering lubricating oil to the input shaft 301.

[0100] Since the second bearing seat 1062 is not directly assembled with the main housing 105 as a reference, the tolerance range between the two is relatively large. Setting the first oil pipe 107 and the second oil pipe 108 helps to compensate for the tolerance.

[0101] Step S216: Assemble the connecting plate 109 at the other end of the main housing 105.

[0102] For the specific content of steps S220 to S240, reference can be made to steps S110 to S130, which will not be elaborated here.

[0103] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reducer, characterized in that: include: A housing (1) comprises a transmission chamber (101) and a bearing chamber (102), wherein the bearing chamber (102) is located on the side of the transmission chamber (101), and a bearing (2) is arranged in the bearing chamber (102); The housing (1) further comprises an oil suction passage (103) and an oil injection passage (104); one end of the oil suction passage (103) is connected to the transmission chamber (101), and the other end is used to connect to an external oil pump; one end of the oil injection passage (104) is connected to the bearing chamber (102), and the other end is used to connect to the oil pump; A transmission module, comprising a speed reduction mechanism and a transmission shaft, wherein the speed reduction mechanism is arranged in the transmission chamber (101), and the transmission shaft is passed through the bearing chamber (102); The magnetic attraction member (4) is arranged in the transmission chamber (101).

2. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft comprises an input shaft (301) and an output shaft (302) which are coaxially arranged, and the speed reduction mechanism comprises a planetary gear train; The planetary gear train comprises a ring gear (303), the ring gear (303) is fixedly arranged in the transmission chamber (101), the magnetic attraction component (4) is arranged on the bottom wall of the transmission chamber (101), and the ring gear (303) is provided with a waste discharge hole (3031) facing the magnetic attraction component (4).

3. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planetary gear system further comprises planetary gears (304), the planetary gears (304) are arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and the magnetic attraction member (4) is arranged staggered with the planetary gears (304) in the axial direction.

4. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a main housing (105) and two bearing seats (106); the main housing (105) is through-connected in the axial direction; the bearing seats (106) are arranged on the main housing (105); the two bearing seats (106) are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction; the main housing (105) and the two bearing seats (106) surround and form the transmission chamber (101); the bearing seats (106) are provided with the bearing chamber (102).

5. The reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bearing seat (106) includes a second bearing seat (1062), the second bearing seat (1062) is located inside the main housing (105), the second bearing seat (1062) is provided with a through first oil hole, the top of the main housing (105) is provided with a through second oil hole, the housing (1) also includes a first oil pipe (107), the first oil pipe (107) is connected between the first oil hole and the second oil hole to form the oil suction passage (103).

6. The reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The input shaft (301) is inserted into the second bearing seat (1062). The housing (1) further comprises a connecting plate (109). The connecting plate (109) is arranged at one end of the main housing (105) along the axial direction. The connecting plate (109) and the input shaft (301) are located on the same side of the transmission chamber (101) and are spaced apart from the second bearing seat (1062). The connecting plate (109) is used to be arranged on a power device. The first oil pipe (107) is located between the connecting plate (109) and the second bearing seat (1062).

7. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an end cover (6), the end cover (6) being arranged on the box body (1), the end cover (6) being arranged to cover the bearing chamber (102), and the transmission shaft passing through the end cover (6); A fifth oil hole is provided on the top of the end cover (6), one end of the fifth oil hole is connected to the oil injection passage (104), and the other end of the fifth oil hole is connected to the bearing chamber (102).

8. The reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an inner oil seal (701) and an outer oil seal (702) arranged in pairs, wherein the inner oil seal (701) and the outer oil seal (702) are arranged between the end cover (6) and the transmission shaft.

9. A working machine, characterized in that: include: The reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The actuator is arranged on the reducer and is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft.

10. A bearing lubrication method, characterized in that: The bearing lubrication method uses the reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the bearing lubrication method comprises: Injecting lubricating oil into the transmission chamber (101) to form an oil pool; sucking the lubricating oil from the oil pool through the oil suction passage (103); Lubricating oil is delivered to the bearing chamber (102) through the oil injection passage (104).

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