Landslide deformation ground subsidence monitoring method and system based on weak grating array monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of landslide deformation land subsidence monitoring, in particular to a landslide deformation land subsidence monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring. According to the method, a grating is arranged in a monitoring area on the ground, the grating is illuminated to excite a reflection signal of a grating array, data information of the ground can be rapidly obtained by periodically receiving the reflection signal, and meanwhile whether the data information meets the standard or not is determined according to the average value of the strain force borne by an optical fiber in the data information. The validity of the data information can be quickly determined, the reason that the data information does not conform to the standard is preliminarily determined by using the average value of the strain when the data information does not conform to the standard, and the reason that the data information does not conform to the standard can be accurately determined, so that a corresponding processing mode can be generated according to the reason that the data information does not conform to the standard; and a corresponding adjustment notice is sent according to the processing mode, so that the accuracy of subsequent ground subsidence monitoring can be improved, and the misjudgment rate is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring, and particularly to a landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method and system based on weak grating array monitoring. Background Art

[0002] The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring uses a weak grating array sensor to monitor ground settlement and landslide deformation in real time. The weak grating array sensor is composed of multiple weak fiber gratings, which can sense the fiber strain changes caused by ground settlement or landslide deformation and convert this change into a change in the optical signal. However, in the prior art, the severity of ground settlement cannot be accurately judged based on the changes in these optical signals.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN110749304A discloses a substation ground settlement monitoring device and method based on weak gratings. The device includes an ultra-weak grating strain optical cable, a weak grating demodulation module, and a data processing and communication terminal; the ultra-weak grating strain optical cable is connected to the weak grating demodulation module, and the weak grating demodulation module is connected to the data processing and communication terminal; the ultra-weak grating strain optical cable is used for the transmission of optical signals and the induction of strain; the weak grating demodulation module is used for demodulating the wavelength change reflected by the ultra-weak grating; the data processing and communication terminal is used for obtaining substation ground settlement information after processing the wavelength data.

[0004] It can be seen that the above scheme has the following problems: it does not judge whether the received data information meets the standard according to the strain force received by the grating, and when the data information does not meet the standard, it does not exclude the reasons for the number standard of the arranged gratings and the irradiation light angle, resulting in inaccurate monitoring results of ground settlement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring to overcome the problem of inaccurate monitoring results of ground settlement in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring, including: Arranging gratings in the monitoring area of the ground; Using irradiation light to excite the reflection signal of the grating array; Detecting the reflection signal; Periodically receiving the reflection signal of the grating array; Demodulating corresponding data information based on the reflection signal, where the data information includes the strain force received by the optical fiber; Determine whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force received by the optical fiber, and when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, generate corresponding processing methods based on the determined reasons for non-compliance, including alarms, notification of adjusting the number standard of the arranged gratings, and notification of adjusting the irradiation angle; Send corresponding notifications based on the processing methods corresponding to the reasons for non-compliance.

[0007] Further, the process of determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force received by the optical fiber includes: calculating the average value of the strain force received by the optical fiber, and comparing the obtained average value with the pre-stored preset strain force; if the average value is less than or equal to the first preset strain force, determine that the data information meets the standard; if the average value is greater than the first preset strain force and less than the second preset strain force, then determine whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance of the strain force in each cycle; if the average value is greater than or equal to the second preset strain force, determine that the data information does not meet the standard, and determine the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the preset strain force.

[0008] Further, the process of determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance of the strain force in each cycle includes: comparing the obtained variance with the preset variance; if the variance is greater than or equal to the preset variance, determine that part of the data information does not meet the standard, and then determine the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the number of the strain forces greater than the preset strain force; if the variance is less than the preset variance, determine that the data information does not meet the standard, and determine the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the second preset strain force.

[0009] Further, the process of determining the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the number of the strain forces greater than the preset strain force includes: if the number is greater than the preset number, determine that there is a problem with the irradiation light angle, and then adjust the irradiation light angle based on the difference between the number and the preset number, where the irradiation light angle is the included angle between the normal line of the grating and the irradiation light; if the number is less than or equal to the preset number, determine that the ground settlement is serious, and then send a warning notice.

[0010] Further, the process of adjusting the irradiation light angle based on the difference between the number and the preset number includes: obtaining the difference between the number and the preset number; reducing the irradiation light angle based on the difference, and the difference is proportional to the reduction amplitude of the irradiation light angle.

[0011] Further, the process of re-determining the irradiation light intensity based on the irradiation light angle includes: increasing the irradiation light intensity based on the irradiation light angle, and the irradiation light angle is inversely proportional to the increase amplitude of the irradiation light intensity.

[0012] Further, the process of determining the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force includes: calculating the absolute value of the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force, and comparing the absolute value with the pre-stored preset absolute value; if the absolute value is greater than or equal to the first preset absolute value, it is determined that the land subsidence is serious, and a warning notice is issued; if the absolute value is less than the first preset absolute value and greater than the second preset absolute value, a period-strain force curve is plotted, and the reason why the data information does not meet the standard is determined based on the characteristics of the period-strain force curve; if the absolute value is less than or equal to the second preset absolute value, it is determined that there is a problem with the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and the quantity standard of the arranged gratings is adjusted based on the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value.

[0013] Further, the process of determining the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on the characteristics of the period-strain force curve includes: determining whether the period-strain force curve has regularity based on the autocorrelation function; determining the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on whether the period-strain force curve has regularity; if the period-strain force curve has regularity, it is determined that the reason is that the ground is in the subsidence period caused by natural conditions, and the strain force of the corresponding grating is continuously monitored; if the period-strain force curve does not have regularity, it is determined that the reason is that the land subsidence is serious, and a warning notice is issued.

[0014] Further, the process of adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings based on the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value includes: calculating the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value; increasing the quantity standard of the arranged gratings based on the difference, and the difference is proportional to the increase amplitude of the quantity standard.

[0015] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a landslide deformation ground subsidence monitoring system based on weak grating array monitoring, including: A sensing unit for arranging gratings in the monitoring area of the ground; An illumination unit connected to the sensing unit for providing illumination light to excite the reflection signal of the grating array; A detection unit connected to the illumination unit for detecting the reflection signal; A receiving unit connected to the detection unit for periodically receiving the reflection signal of the grating array; A processing unit connected to the receiving unit for demodulating corresponding data information based on the reflection signal, wherein the data information includes the strain force received by the optical fiber. An analysis unit, which is connected to the processing unit, is used to determine whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force received by the optical fiber, and when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, generate corresponding processing methods based on the determined reasons for non-compliance, including alarms, notifications for adjusting the number standard of the arranged gratings, and notifications for adjusting the irradiation angle; A control unit, which is connected to the analysis unit, is used to send corresponding notifications based on the processing methods corresponding to the reasons for non-compliance.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. By arranging gratings in the ground monitoring area and irradiating the gratings to excite the reflection signals of the grating array, the method can quickly obtain the data information on the ground by periodically receiving the reflection signals. At the same time, by determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the average value of the strain force received by the optical fiber in the data information, the effectiveness of the data information can be quickly determined. And when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, the reason for the non-compliance of the data information can be preliminarily determined using the average value of the strain force, and the reason for the non-compliance of the data information can be accurately determined. Thus, corresponding processing methods can be generated according to the reasons for non-compliance, and corresponding adjustment notifications can be sent according to the processing methods, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent ground settlement monitoring and further reducing the misjudgment rate.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention determines whether the data information meets the standard by the average value of the strain force received by the grating, which can determine whether the monitored data information meets the standard, so as to more effectively monitor the ground settlement situation, and further improve the efficiency of monitoring the ground settlement situation.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention makes a secondary determination on whether the data information meets the standard by the variance of the strain force received by the grating in each period, which can more accurately determine whether the data information meets the standard, thereby further improving the efficiency of monitoring the ground settlement situation.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention determines that the reason for the non-compliance of the data information is that there is a problem with the irradiation light angle or the ground settlement is serious by the number of strain forces greater than the preset strain force, and generates corresponding processing methods, which can make the subsequent monitoring of the ground settlement more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring the ground settlement.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention adjusts the irradiation light angle by the difference between the quantity and the preset quantity, which can more accurately adjust the irradiation light angle, so that the subsequent monitoring of the ground settlement is more accurate, and further improves the efficiency of ground settlement monitoring.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention adjusts the irradiation light intensity by the reduction amplitude of the irradiation light angle, which can more accurately adjust the irradiation light intensity, thereby further improving the efficiency of ground settlement monitoring.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention determines the reason why the data information does not meet the standard through the comparison result between the absolute value of the difference between the stress in the current cycle and the preset stress and the preset absolute value, which can more accurately determine the reason why the data information does not meet the standard, so that subsequent improvements can be more targeted, and further improve the monitoring accuracy of ground settlement.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention determines the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on the characteristics of the plotted cycle-stress curve and generates corresponding processing methods, which can make the subsequent monitoring of ground settlement more accurate, thereby further improving the monitoring accuracy of ground settlement.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention adjusts the quantity standard of the arranged gratings by the difference between the absolute value of the difference between the stress in the current cycle and the preset stress and the preset absolute value, which can more accurately adjust the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, so that the monitoring of ground settlement conditions is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the modules of the landslide deformation ground settlement monitoring system based on weak grating array monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the steps of the landslide deformation ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the steps for judging based on the comparison result between the average value of the strain force received by the optical fiber and the pre-stored preset average value according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the steps for judging based on the absolute value of the difference between the stress in the current cycle and the preset stress and the preset absolute value according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 as shown, which is a schematic diagram of the modules of a landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring system based on weak grating array monitoring: A sensing unit, which is used to arrange gratings in the monitoring area on the ground; An illumination unit, which is connected to the sensing unit and is used to provide illumination light to excite the reflection signals of the grating array; A detection unit, which is connected to the illumination unit and is used to detect the reflection signals; A receiving unit, which is connected to the detection unit and is used to periodically receive the reflection signals of the grating array; A processing unit, which is connected to the receiving unit and is used to demodulate the corresponding data information based on the reflection signals, where the data information includes the strain force received by the optical fiber; An analysis unit, which is connected to the processing unit and is used to determine whether the data information meets the standards based on the strain force received by the optical fiber, and when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standards, generate corresponding processing methods based on the determined reasons for non-compliance, including alarms, notifications for adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and notifications for adjusting the irradiation angle; A control unit, which is connected to the analysis unit and is used to send corresponding notifications based on the processing methods corresponding to the reasons for non-compliance.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sensing unit is laid on the ground area to be monitored. The laying principle is to fit as closely as possible to the monitored ground for more accurate monitoring. Then, the lighting unit is fixed on the guide rail. By adjusting the position of the lighting unit on the guide rail, the irradiation angle between the lighting unit and the grating is achieved. The detection unit is used to detect the specific position of the reflected signal for subsequent reception of the reflected signal. The process of periodically receiving the reflected signal of the grating array by the receiving unit and demodulating the reflected signal received by the receiving unit by the processing unit is to perform optoelectronic conversion of the reflected signal into an electrical signal, and amplify the electrical signal by a preamplifier to increase the signal intensity. Finally, the amplified electrical signal is filtered by a filter to remove interference components and ensure the clarity and accuracy of the signal. Among them, during the demodulation process, the processing unit extracts data information related to the fiber strain force from the reflected signal. These data information include the magnitude of the strain force. Then, the analysis unit determines whether the data information meets the standard by using the average value of the strain force received by the optical fiber, and preliminarily determines the reason why the data information does not meet the standard by using the average value of the strain force, and generates corresponding processing methods according to the reasons for not meeting the standard. Finally, the control unit issues corresponding notifications based on the processing methods corresponding to the reasons for not meeting the standard.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 2 as shown, which is the step flow chart of the landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The steps of the system in the actual operation process of the embodiment of the present invention include: S1, arranging gratings in the monitoring area on the ground; S2, using the irradiation light to excite the reflected signal of the grating array; S3, detecting the reflected signal; S4, periodically receiving the reflected signal of the grating array; S5, demodulating corresponding data information based on the reflected signal, where the data information includes the strain force received by the optical fiber; S6, determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force received by the optical fiber, and when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, generating corresponding processing methods based on the determined reasons for not meeting the standard, including alarm, notification for adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and notification for adjusting the irradiation angle; S7, issuing corresponding notifications based on the processing methods corresponding to the reasons for not meeting the standard.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3As shown, it is a flowchart of the steps for determining based on the comparison result between the average value of the strain force on the optical fiber and the pre-stored preset average value in the embodiments of the present invention. The process of determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force on the optical fiber in the embodiments of the present invention includes: calculating the average value of the strain force on the optical fiber, and comparing the obtained average value with the pre-stored preset strain force; if the average value is less than or equal to the first preset strain force, it is determined that the data information meets the standard; if the average value is greater than the first preset strain force and less than the second preset strain force, then it is determined whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance of the strain forces in each period; if the average value is greater than or equal to the second preset strain force, it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, and the reason why the data information does not meet the standard is determined based on the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the average value L0 of the strain force on the optical fiber can be divided into the first preset strain force L1 and the second preset strain force L2. It is set that the first preset strain force L1 = 100 με and the second preset strain force L2 = 1000 με. It should be noted that the principle for setting L1 is the maximum strain force on the optical fiber corresponding to normal ground settlement conditions, and the principle for setting L2 is the strain force on the optical fiber when abnormal ground settlement conditions occur. In other embodiments, the values of L1 and L2 can also be determined according to the relative landslide deformation and ground settlement requirements, and the values of the average value are rounded up; the specific process of comparing the average value L with L1 and L2 is as follows: If the average value L is less than or equal to the first preset strain force L1, it indicates that the data acquisition process meets the standard and the ground settlement condition is normal, then it is determined that the data information meets the standard; If the average value L is greater than the first preset strain force L1 and less than the second preset strain force L2, it indicates that it is necessary to make a secondary determination on whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance P of the strain forces in each period; If the average value L is greater than or equal to the second preset strain force L2, it indicates that the strain force on the optical fiber exceeds the maximum preset value, then it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, and the reason why the data information does not meet the standard is determined based on the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force.

[0035] Specifically, the process of determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance of the strain force in each cycle in the embodiments of the present invention includes: comparing the obtained variance with a preset variance; if the variance is greater than or equal to the preset variance, it is determined that some of the data information does not meet the standard, and the reason for the non - compliance of the data information is determined based on the number of strain forces greater than the preset strain force; if the variance is less than the preset variance, it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, and the reason for the non - compliance of the data information is determined based on the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the second preset strain force.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset variance P0 = 0.95. The specific process of comparing the obtained variance P with the preset variance P0 is as follows: If the variance P is greater than or equal to the preset variance P0, it indicates that the discreteness of the strain force received by the optical fiber is relatively high. Then, the reason for the non - compliance of the data information is determined based on the number T of strain forces greater than the preset strain force. If the variance P is less than the preset variance P0, it indicates that the discreteness of the strain force received by the optical fiber is relatively low. It is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, and the reason for the non - compliance of the data information is determined based on the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the second preset strain force.

[0037] Specifically, the process of determining the reason for the non - compliance of the data information based on the number of strain forces greater than the preset strain force in the embodiments of the present invention includes: if the number is greater than the preset number, it is determined that there is a problem with the irradiation light angle, and the irradiation light angle is adjusted based on the difference between the number and the preset number, where the irradiation light angle is the angle between the normal line of the grating and the irradiation light; if the number is less than or equal to the preset number, it is determined that the ground settlement is serious, and a warning notice is issued.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset number T0 = 6. The specific process of comparing the number T with the preset number T0 is as follows: If the number T is greater than the preset number T0, it indicates that there is a problem in the data acquisition process. It is determined that there is a problem with the irradiation light angle, and the irradiation light angle is adjusted based on the difference W between the number and the preset number, where the irradiation light angle is the angle between the normal line of the grating and the irradiation light. If the number T is less than or equal to the preset number T0, it indicates that there is no problem in the data acquisition process. It is determined that the ground settlement is serious, and a warning notice is issued.

[0039] Specifically, the process of adjusting the irradiation light angle based on the difference between the number and the preset number in the embodiments of the present invention includes: obtaining the difference between the number and the preset number; reducing the irradiation light angle based on the difference, and the difference is proportional to the reduction amplitude of the irradiation light angle.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset difference W0 = 2, and the determination is as follows based on the comparison result between the difference W and the preset difference W0: If the difference W is less than or equal to the preset difference W0, the irradiation light angle is adjusted to 0.9 times the original irradiation light angle; If the difference W is greater than the preset difference W0, the irradiation light angle is adjusted to 0.6 times the original irradiation light angle.

[0041] Specifically, the process of re - determining the irradiation light intensity based on the irradiation light angle in the embodiment of the present invention includes: increasing the irradiation light intensity based on the irradiation light angle, and the irradiation light angle is inversely proportional to the increasing amplitude of the irradiation light intensity.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset irradiation light angle M0 = 35 0 , and the determination is as follows based on the comparison result between the irradiation light angle M and the preset irradiation light angle M0: If the irradiation light angle M is less than or equal to the preset irradiation light angle M0, the irradiation light intensity is adjusted to 1.8 times the original irradiation light intensity; If the irradiation light angle M is greater than the preset irradiation light angle M0, the irradiation light intensity is adjusted to 1.2 times the original irradiation light intensity.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 4 shown, which is a flowchart of the steps for the embodiment of the present invention to determine based on the absolute value of the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the preset strain force and the preset absolute value. The process for the embodiment of the present invention to determine the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the preset strain force includes: calculating the absolute value of the difference between the strain force in the current cycle and the preset strain force, and comparing the absolute value with the pre - stored preset absolute value; if the absolute value is greater than or equal to the first preset absolute value, it is determined that the ground settlement is serious, and a warning notice is issued; if the absolute value is less than the first preset absolute value and greater than the second preset absolute value, a cycle - strain force curve is drawn, and the reason why the data information does not meet the standard is determined based on the characteristics of the cycle - strain force curve; if the absolute value is less than or equal to the second preset absolute value, it is determined that there is a problem with the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and the quantity standard of the arranged gratings is adjusted based on the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the absolute value R can be divided into the first preset absolute value R1 and the second preset absolute value R2. It is set that the first preset absolute value R1 = 300 με and the second preset absolute value R2 = 100 με in the absolute value standard. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the values of R1 and R2 can also be determined according to the relative landslide deformation and ground settlement requirements; the specific process of comparing the absolute value R with R1 and R2 is as follows: If the absolute value R is greater than or equal to the first preset absolute value R1, it indicates that the stress acting on the grating is greater than the preset value of the acting force. It is determined that the ground settlement is serious, and a warning notice is issued. If the absolute value R is less than the first preset absolute value R1 and greater than the second preset absolute value R2, it is necessary to conduct a secondary determination on the reason why the data information does not meet the standard. Then, a period-strain force curve is plotted, and based on the characteristics of the period-strain force curve, the reason why the data information does not meet the standard is determined. If the absolute value R is less than or equal to the second preset absolute value R2, it is determined that there is a problem with the quantity standard of the arranged gratings. Then, the quantity standard of the arranged gratings is adjusted based on the difference N between the absolute value and the second preset absolute value.

[0045] Specifically, the process of determining the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on the characteristics of the period-strain force curve in the embodiment of the present invention includes: determining whether the period-strain force curve has regularity based on the autocorrelation function; determining the reason why the data information does not meet the standard based on whether the period-strain force curve has regularity; if the period-strain force curve has regularity, it is determined that the reason is that the ground is in a sinking period caused by natural conditions, and then the strain force of the corresponding grating is continuously monitored; if the period-strain force curve does not have regularity, it is determined that the reason is that the ground settlement is serious, and a warning notice is issued.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the process of determining whether the period-strain force curve has regularity based on the autocorrelation function specifically includes: First, data preparation is carried out, which includes a data acquisition step and a preprocessing step. The data acquisition is to collect period-strain force data, and the preprocessing step is to remove trends and outliers to ensure data stability. Second, the autocorrelation function is calculated, and a periodic judgment is made using an autocorrelation function graph with the horizontal axis being the lag number and the vertical axis being the autocorrelation value. If the autocorrelation function graph presents periodic peaks, it indicates that the data has regularity.

[0047] Specifically, the process of adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings based on the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value in the embodiment of the present invention includes: calculating the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value; increasing the quantity standard of the arranged gratings based on the difference, and the difference is proportional to the increase amplitude of the quantity standard.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset difference N0 between the absolute value and the preset absolute value is 100. The following judgments are made based on the comparison result of the difference N and the preset difference N0: If the difference N is less than or equal to the preset difference N0, the quantity standard of the arranged gratings is adjusted to 1.2 times the original quantity standard. If the difference N is greater than the preset difference N0, the quantity standard for arranging the gratings is adjusted to 2.8 times the original quantity standard.

[0049] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring, characterized in that, Including: Arranging gratings in the monitored area on the ground; Using the irradiation light to excite the reflection signals of the grating array; Detecting the reflection signals; Periodically receiving the reflection signals of the grating array; Demodulating corresponding data information based on the reflection signals, where the data information includes the strain force on the optical fiber; Determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force on the optical fiber, and when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, generating corresponding processing methods based on the determined reasons for non-compliance, including alarms, notifications for adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and notifications for adjusting the irradiation angle; Sending corresponding notifications based on the processing methods corresponding to the reasons for non-compliance; 2. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the strain force on the optical fiber includes: Calculating the average value of the strain force on the optical fiber and comparing the obtained average value with the pre-stored preset strain force; If the average value is less than or equal to the first preset strain force, determining that the data information meets the standard; If the average value is greater than the first preset strain force and less than the second preset strain force, then determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance of the strain forces in each period; If the average value is greater than or equal to the second preset strain force, determining that the data information does not meet the standard, and determining the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force; 3. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the variance of the strain forces in each period includes: Comparing the obtained variance with the preset variance; If the variance is greater than or equal to the preset variance, determining that some of the data information does not meet the standard, and then determining the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the number of strain forces greater than the preset strain force; If the variance is less than the preset variance, determining that the data information does not meet the standard, and then determining the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the difference between the strain force in the current period and the second preset strain force; 4. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of determining the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the number of strain forces greater than the preset strain force includes: If the number is greater than the preset number, determining that there is a problem with the irradiation light angle, and then adjusting the irradiation light angle based on the difference between the number and the preset number, where the irradiation light angle is the included angle between the normal line of the grating and the irradiation light; If the number is less than or equal to the preset number, determining that the ground settlement is serious, and then sending a warning notice; 5. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of adjusting the irradiation light angle based on the difference between the number and the preset number includes: Obtaining the difference between the number and the preset number; Reducing the irradiation light angle based on the difference, and the difference is proportional to the reduction amplitude of the irradiation light angle; 6. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of re-determining the irradiation light intensity based on the irradiation light angle includes: Increasing the irradiation light intensity based on the irradiation light angle, and the irradiation light angle is inversely proportional to the increase amplitude of the irradiation light intensity; 7. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of determining the reason for the non-compliance of the data information based on the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force includes: Calculating the absolute value of the difference between the strain force in the current period and the preset strain force, and comparing the absolute value with the pre-stored preset absolute value; If the absolute value is greater than or equal to a first preset absolute value, it is determined that the land subsidence is severe, and a warning notice is issued; If the absolute value is less than the first preset absolute value and greater than a second preset absolute value, a period-stress curve is plotted, and the reason for the data information not meeting the standard is determined based on the characteristics of the period-stress curve; If the absolute value is less than or equal to the second preset absolute value, it is determined that there is a problem with the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and the quantity standard of the arranged gratings is adjusted based on the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value.

8. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that The process of determining the reason for the data information not meeting the standard based on the characteristics of the period-stress curve includes: Determining whether the period-stress curve has regularity based on the autocorrelation function; Determining the reason for the data information not meeting the standard based on whether the period-stress curve has regularity; If the period-stress curve has regularity, it is determined that the reason is that the ground is in a sinking period caused by natural conditions, and the stress of the corresponding grating is continuously monitored; If the period-stress curve does not have regularity, it is determined that the reason is that the land subsidence is severe, and a warning notice is issued.

9. The landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring method based on weak grating array monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that The process of adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings based on the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value includes: Calculating the difference between the absolute value and the preset absolute value; Increasing the quantity standard of the arranged gratings based on the difference, and the difference is proportional to the increase amplitude of the quantity standard.

10. A landslide deformation and ground settlement monitoring system based on weak grating array monitoring, characterized in that Including: A sensing unit for arranging gratings in the monitoring area of the ground; An illumination unit connected to the sensing unit for providing illumination light to excite the reflection signal of the grating array; A detection unit connected to the illumination unit for detecting the reflection signal; A receiving unit connected to the detection unit for periodically receiving the reflection signal of the grating array; A processing unit connected to the receiving unit for demodulating the corresponding data information based on the reflection signal, where the data information includes the stress of the optical fiber; An analysis unit connected to the processing unit for determining whether the data information meets the standard based on the stress of the optical fiber, and when it is determined that the data information does not meet the standard, generating a corresponding processing method based on the determined reason for not meeting the standard, including an alarm, a notice for adjusting the quantity standard of the arranged gratings, and a notice for adjusting the irradiation angle; A control unit connected to the analysis unit for issuing a corresponding notice based on the processing method corresponding to the reason for not meeting the standard.

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