Forest climate monitoring system and method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite

Abstract

The invention relates to a forest climate monitoring system and method based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite, and relates to the technical field of environment monitoring, and the system comprises the high-resolution remote sensing satellite used for capturing high-resolution images of forest areas, a ground receiving station, and a plurality of fixed-point monitoring devices buried in the areas of a forest. The high-resolution remote sensing satellite and the fixed-point monitoring device are both in wireless communication connection with the ground receiving station, and the ground receiving station is used for processing and analyzing remote sensing data and collecting data; the fixed-point monitoring device comprises an annular water storage cylinder, an underground monitoring module located on the surface of the annular water storage cylinder and used for collecting forest underground environment data, and a cylinder located at the center of the annular water storage cylinder. According to the system, through mutual cooperation of the high-resolution remote sensing satellite and the multiple fixed-point monitoring devices buried in different positions of the forest area in a distributed mode, the risk area is rapidly identified, the monitoring accuracy of the system is improved, and early warning and emergency response of forest fire are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and particularly relates to a forest climate monitoring system and method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites. Background Art

[0002] Forest climate monitoring is a process of continuously and systematically observing and recording the climate conditions in forest areas, aiming to understand the changing laws of forest climate and provide data support for forest management, ecological protection, and climate change research. The methods of forest climate monitoring usually include ground observations, remote sensing monitoring, model simulations, etc. Among them, the monitoring based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites can provide high-resolution image data, capture the subtle changes in forest areas, and provide more accurate data support for forest management and ecological protection. An important application scenario of forest climate monitoring is forest fire prevention. By monitoring the temperature changes and vegetation dryness in forest areas, signs of forest fires can be detected in a timely manner, providing timely information support for fire fighting.

[0003] However, the existing remote sensing satellite forest climate monitoring systems generally only rely on high-resolution remote sensing satellites to monitor the climate changes in forest areas, and the obtained data accuracy is not ideal; and once an abnormal situation occurs, it is difficult to effectively and timely handle it.

[0004] Therefore, we provide a forest climate monitoring system and method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forest climate monitoring system and method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites for the problems in the background art.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites includes a high-resolution remote sensing satellite for capturing high-resolution images of forest areas and a ground receiving station, and further includes a plurality of fixed-point monitoring devices buried in various forest areas for collecting environmental climate data of fixed-point forest areas. The high-resolution remote sensing satellite and the fixed-point monitoring devices are both wirelessly communicatively connected to the ground receiving station, and the ground receiving station is used for processing and analyzing remote sensing data and collecting data.

[0008] The fixed-point monitoring device includes an annular water storage cylinder, an underground monitoring module located on the surface of the annular water storage cylinder for collecting forest underground environment data, a cylinder located at the center of the annular water storage cylinder, a lifting mechanism located on the side of the cylinder, an above-ground monitoring module located on the cylinder for collecting above-ground environment data, and a processor module, a storage module, a GPS module, a wireless communication module, and a distress component located inside the cylinder; on the peripheral surface of the top of the cylinder, there are also water spraying holes for spraying the liquid in the annular water storage cylinder and spray holes for spraying colored smoke for distress; on the top of the annular water storage cylinder, there is a flame retardant adding component; on the cylinder, there is also a guiding component for providing an escape path indication.

[0009] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a water inlet tank is provided on the side of the annular water storage cylinder. The top of the water inlet tank is provided with a water inlet net plate for collecting rainwater, and a filter element is provided inside the water inlet tank; a water pump is provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder. The outlet end of the water pump is provided with a water outlet pipe, and an inlet hole magnetically matched with the water outlet pipe is provided on the bottom surface of the cylinder; a protective box is also provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder. The top of the protective box is provided with a solar panel. The top of the cylinder is provided with a battery storage cavity for storing a rechargeable battery. A metal plate is provided on the side of the battery storage cavity. Inside the protective box, there is another metal part for cooperating with the metal plate to charge the rechargeable battery by using the solar panel.

[0010] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, an emergency material storage cavity and an emergency button are also provided on the bottom surface of the cylinder. The emergency button is used to activate the distress component.

[0011] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the flame retardant adding component includes a flame retardant feeding unit. The flame retardant feeding unit includes a flame retardant storage cylinder and a feeding pipe located at the bottom of the flame retardant storage cylinder; the upper part of the feeding pipe is a square pipe, and the lower part is a circular pipe. An annular plate is fixedly provided on the square pipe. An annular stepped groove for slidingly cooperating with the annular plate and the square pipe is provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder.

[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the flame retardant adding component further includes a stirring unit. The stirring unit includes a sun gear ring rotatably sleeved inside the annular water storage cylinder and a first gear ring fixed inside the annular water storage cylinder; a plurality of planetary gears are provided between the sun gear ring and the first gear ring. Stirring rods are provided at the bottom edges of the planetary gears. A first gear meshing with the sun gear ring is provided on the side of the sun gear ring. A first motor for driving its rotation is provided above the first gear; a feeding pipe penetrates through the center of one of the planetary gears. A feeding auger is fixedly provided inside the feeding pipe. The feeding auger is inserted into the feeding pipe, and the circular pipe of the feeding pipe is movably inserted into the feeding pipe.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the guide assembly includes a guide plate and a second motor for driving the guide plate to rotate, a second gear ring is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second motor, the second gear ring is sleeved in the surface groove of the column, a second gear meshing with the second gear ring is provided on the inner side of the second gear ring, and a third motor for driving the second gear to rotate is provided at the bottom.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the rescue component includes a colored smoke storage cylinder and a fan located on the top of the colored smoke storage cylinder, and an air outlet pipe is provided at the outlet end of the fan, and the air outlet pipe extends into the spray hole.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, it also includes a parking platform assembly located at the top of the column for temporarily parking the drone and changing the battery; the parking platform assembly includes four display panels evenly distributed along the circumference and a first driving mechanism for driving the display panels to unfold or fold, one end of the display panel is hinged to the column, the first driving mechanism includes a third gear and a fourth motor for driving the third gear to rotate, a rack meshing with the third gear is provided on the side of the third gear, a fourth gear meshing with the rack is provided above the rack, and the fourth gear is fixedly sleeved on the hinge shaft of the display panel.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the parking platform assembly also includes a positioning block slidably arranged on the top of the display board and a second driving mechanism for pulling multiple positioning blocks together; the positioning block is used to push the drone to adjust its position for battery replacement, and the second driving mechanism includes a winding wheel and a fifth motor for driving the winding wheel to rotate, and a pull rope is wound around the winding wheel, and the pull rope is fixedly connected to the positioning block.

[0017] The present invention also provides a forest climate monitoring method based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Capture high-resolution images of forest areas through high-resolution remote sensing satellites;

[0019] S2. The ground receiving station receives the high-resolution image and monitors the changes in the forest climate in real time based on the forest climate monitoring model. If there is no abnormal change, the fixed-point monitoring device is controlled to perform normal operation. When an abnormal change occurs, the ground receiving station controls the operation of the fixed-point monitoring device in the abnormal area to further collect ground climate data. Specifically, the lifting mechanism is controlled to drive the column to rise, and the underground and ground environmental data are collected through the underground monitoring module and the ground monitoring module; the ground receiving station receives the environmental data of the fixed-point monitoring device, and controls the fixed-point monitoring device in the corresponding area to perform abnormal operation based on the high-resolution image and the environmental data;

[0020] Among them, normal operation includes regularly irrigating the surrounding plants; abnormal operation includes: adding a flame retardant into the annular water storage cylinder through a flame retardant adding component and spraying it around to hinder the spread of fire; providing an escape route indication by adjusting the orientation of the guiding component; and sending a distress signal outward by spraying colored smoke through activating the distress component.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. By setting up a high-resolution remote sensing satellite, a ground receiving station and a fixed-point monitoring device, the system of the present invention can be applied to forest fire prevention. Through the mutual cooperation of the high-resolution remote sensing satellite and multiple fixed-point monitoring devices distributed at different positions in the forest area, the risk area can be quickly identified, the monitoring accuracy of the system can be improved, and the early warning and emergency response of forest fires can be realized.

[0023] 2. By integrating a flame retardant adding component, a guiding component and a distress component in the fixed-point monitoring device, the system of the present invention has corresponding emergency response capabilities. It can hinder the spread of fire by spraying flame retardant liquid, can provide an escape route indication, and can enable trapped personnel to send a distress signal outward. Moreover, the column is set as a lifting component, which does not affect the forest ecosystem during daily monitoring. In case of an abnormal situation, it can lift the guiding component, the distress component and the spraying height to improve the emergency response effect.

[0024] 3. By setting up a parking platform component, it can be unfolded for the temporary parking and battery replacement of the unmanned aerial vehicle. After a fire occurs, the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly above the device to land and replace the battery, and then take off again to perform tasks such as fire extinguishing and reconnaissance, greatly improving the operation efficiency and endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular water storage cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the column of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the column of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame retardant adding component of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame retardant adding component of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the guiding component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the distress component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 Bottom-up structural schematic diagram of the shutdown platform component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position A in;

[0035] Figure 11 Top-down structural schematic diagram of the shutdown platform component of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Annular water storage cylinder; 101. Water inlet tank; 102. Water inlet net plate; 103. Filter element; 104. Water pump; 105. Water outlet pipe; 106. Annular stepped groove; 107. Protection box; 108. Solar panel; 2. Underground monitoring module; 3. Column; 301. Water inlet hole; 302. Spraying hole; 303. Atomizing hole; 304. Emergency material storage cavity; 305. Emergency button; 306. Battery storage cavity; 307. Metal plate; 4. Lifting mechanism; 5. Above-ground monitoring module; 6. Flame retardant adding component; 601. Flame retardant feeding unit; 601a. Flame retardant storage cylinder; 601b. Feeding pipe; 601c. Annular plate; 602. Stirring unit; 602a. Sun gear ring; 602b. First gear ring; 602c. Planet gear; 602d. First gear; 602e. First motor; 602f. Stirring rod; 602g. Feeding pipe; 602h. Feeding auger; 7. Guiding component; 701. Guide plate; 702. Second motor; 703. Second gear ring; 704. Second gear; 705. Third motor; 8. Distress component; 801. Colorful smoke storage cylinder; 802. Fan; 803. Air outlet pipe; 9. Shutdown platform component; 901. Display board; 902. First driving mechanism; 902a. Third gear; 902b. Fourth motor; 902c. Rack; 902d. Fourth gear; 903. Positioning block; 904. Second driving mechanism; 904a. Winding wheel; 904b. Fifth motor; 904c. Pulling rope. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation manners are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] In order to solve the problem that the existing forest climate monitoring system generally relies on high - resolution remote - sensing satellites to monitor the temperature changes and smoke conditions in forest areas to detect signs of forest fires and provide timely information support for fire fighting, but relying solely on high - resolution remote - sensing satellites, the monitoring accuracy is not ideal enough. Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 , a forest climate monitoring system based on high - resolution remote - sensing satellites provided by the present invention includes a high - resolution remote - sensing satellite for capturing high - resolution images of forest areas and a ground receiving station. It also includes a plurality of fixed - point monitoring devices buried in various forest areas for collecting environmental climate data of fixed - point forest areas. The fixed - point monitoring devices buried underground can ensure the safe transmission and long - term stable operation of data. Both the high - resolution remote - sensing satellite and the fixed - point monitoring devices are wirelessly connected to the ground receiving station, and the ground receiving station is used for processing and analyzing remote - sensing data and collecting data. The fixed - point monitoring device includes an annular water storage cylinder 1, an underground monitoring module 2 located on the surface of the annular water storage cylinder 1 for collecting underground environmental data of the forest, a cylinder 3 located at the center of the annular water storage cylinder 1, a lifting mechanism 4 located on the side of the cylinder 3, an above - ground monitoring module 5 located on the cylinder 3 for collecting above - ground environmental data, and a processor module, a storage module, a GPS module, a wireless communication module, and a distress component 8 located inside the cylinder 3. The underground monitoring module 2 includes, but is not limited to, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, etc. The soil temperature is monitored through the temperature sensor, the soil humidity is monitored through the humidity sensor, and the soil water content is monitored through the soil moisture sensor to evaluate the fire risk. The underground monitoring provides an additional dimension for forest fire early warning; the above - ground monitoring module 5 includes, but is not limited to, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, etc. The surface temperature and air temperature changes are monitored through the temperature sensor to pay attention to abnormal increases. The air humidity is monitored through the humidity sensor to identify dry environments. Smoke particles are monitored through the smoke sensor. The wind speed and direction sensor is used to assist in judging the spread direction and speed of the fire. The position of the fixed - point monitoring device is accurately located through the GPS module to provide data for path guidance; spray holes 302 for spraying the liquid in the annular water storage cylinder 1 and spray holes 303 for spraying colored smoke for distress are also provided on the peripheral surface of the top of the cylinder 3. It can enable the system to be applied to forest fire prevention. Through the mutual cooperation of the high - resolution remote - sensing satellite and a plurality of fixed - point monitoring devices distributed at different positions in the forest area, risk areas can be quickly identified, the monitoring accuracy of the system can be improved, and early warning and emergency response for forest fires can be realized.

[0041] As Figures 2 - 4As shown in the figure, a water inlet tank 101 is provided on the side of the annular water storage cylinder 1. An inlet water net plate 102 for collecting rainwater is provided on the top of the water inlet tank 101, and a filter element 103 is provided inside the water inlet tank 101; a water pump 104 is provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder 1. An outlet pipe 105 is provided at the outlet end of the water pump 104, and a water inlet hole 301 magnetically matched with the outlet pipe 105 is provided on the bottom surface of the column 3; a protective box 107 is also provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder 1. The protective box 107 protects the internal components from damage by environmental factors (such as rainwater, insects, etc.). A solar panel 108 is provided on the top of the protective box 107. A transparent protective plate can be provided on the top of the solar panel 108 to prevent the solar panel 108 from being damaged. A battery storage cavity 306 for storing rechargeable batteries is provided on the top of the column 3. A metal plate 307 is provided on the side of the battery storage cavity 306. Another metal part for cooperating with the metal plate 307 is provided inside the protective box 107 to charge the rechargeable battery by using the solar panel 108.

[0042] During use, rainwater enters the water inlet tank 101 through the inlet water net plate 102. After being filtered by the filter element 103, it flows into the annular water storage cylinder 1. When the column 3 rises to the highest point, at this time, the water inlet hole 301 and the outlet pipe 105 are adsorbed together. The liquid in the annular water storage cylinder 1 is pumped out by the water pump 104. After being transported through the flow channel in the outlet pipe 105 and the column 3, it sprays out in all directions from the spray holes 302; under normal conditions, it can be used to irrigate the surrounding plants, and under abnormal conditions, it can be used to spray flame retardant liquid; when the column 3 descends to the lowest point, at this time, the metal plate 307 contacts another metal part inside the protective box 107, and the charging circuit is connected, and it can be charged by the solar panel 108. The setting of the solar panel 108 enables the device to provide continuous power supply.

[0043] As Figure 1 、 Figures 5 - 6As shown in the figure, a flame retardant adding component 6 is provided at the top of the annular water storage cylinder 1. The flame retardant adding component 6 includes a flame retardant feeding unit 601 and a stirring unit 602. The flame retardant feeding unit 601 includes a flame retardant storage cylinder 601a and a feeding pipe 601b located at the bottom of the flame retardant storage cylinder 601a. The upper part of the feeding pipe 601b is a square pipe, and the lower part is a circular pipe. An annular plate 601c is fixedly provided on the square pipe, and an annular stepped groove 106 that is slidably engaged with the annular plate 601c and the square pipe respectively is provided at the top of the annular water storage cylinder 1. The stirring unit 602 includes a sun gear ring 602a rotatably sleeved inside the annular water storage cylinder 1 and a first gear ring 602b fixed inside the annular water storage cylinder 1. A plurality of planetary gears 602c are provided between the sun gear ring 602a and the first gear ring 602b. A stirring rod 602f is provided at the bottom edge of the planetary gear 602c. A first gear 602d meshing with the sun gear ring 602a is provided on the side of the sun gear ring 602a, and a first motor 602e for driving its rotation is provided above the first gear 602d. A feeding pipe 602g penetrates through the center of one of the planetary gears 602c. A feeding auger 602h is fixedly provided inside the feeding pipe 602g. The feeding auger 602h is inserted into the feeding pipe 601b, and the circular pipe of the feeding pipe 601b is movably inserted into the feeding pipe 602g.

[0044] During use, the first motor 602e is controlled to rotate by the processor module inside the column 3. The first motor 602e drives the first gear 602d to rotate. The first gear 602d drives the sun gear ring 602a to rotate. The sun gear ring 602a drives a plurality of planetary gears 602c to revolve and rotate. During the revolution of the planetary gears 602c, the feeding pipe 601b is driven to rotate along the axis of the annular water storage cylinder 1. The feeding pipe 601b drives the flame retardant storage cylinder 601a to rotate and drives the annular plate 601c to rotate along the annular stepped groove 106. During the rotation of the planetary gears 602c, the feeding auger 602h is driven to rotate. The flame retardant in the flame retardant storage cylinder 601a is gradually conveyed into the annular water storage cylinder 1 through the feeding auger 602h. At the same time, the planetary gears 602c drive the stirring rod 602f to mix the flame retardant and the water body evenly. The flame retardant can be ammonium phosphate or other flame retardants.

[0045] As Figure 1 、 Figure 7As shown in the figure, a guiding component 7 for providing escape path indication is further provided on the column body 3; the guiding component 7 includes a guiding plate 701 and a second motor 702 for driving the guiding plate 701 to rotate. A second gear ring 703 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second motor 702. The second gear ring 703 is sleeved in the surface groove of the column body 3. A second gear 704 meshing with the second gear ring 703 is provided inside the second gear ring 703. A third motor 705 for driving the second gear 704 to rotate is provided at the bottom of the second gear 704. During use, the second motor 702 is controlled to rotate through the processor module inside the column body 3, so that the vertical guiding plate 701 is adjusted to a horizontal state. Then, the third motor 705 is controlled to rotate. The third motor 705 drives the second gear 704 to rotate. The second gear 704 drives the second gear ring 703 to rotate. The second gear ring 703 drives the second motor 702 and the guiding plate 701 to rotate along the column body 3, and the guiding plate 701 is adjusted to the required orientation to provide escape path indication for the trapped personnel.

[0046] As Figure 3 、 Figure 8 shown in the figure, an emergency material storage cavity 304 and an emergency button 305 are further provided on the lower end surface of the column body 3. The emergency button 305 is used to activate the rescue component 8; the rescue component 8 includes a colored smoke storage cylinder 801 and a blower 802 located at the top of the colored smoke storage cylinder 801. An air outlet pipe 803 is provided at the outlet end of the blower 802. The air outlet pipe 803 extends into the spray hole 303. During use, the trapped personnel can take the emergency materials in the emergency material storage cavity 304, such as mineral water, high-energy food, convenience food, etc. The blower 802 can be activated through the emergency button 305. The colored smoke in the colored smoke storage cylinder 801 is slowly extracted by the blower 802 and sprayed out around through the spray hole 303. The colored smoke can form an obvious mark over the forest, facilitating the rescuers to quickly locate the position of the trapped personnel and improving the rescue efficiency.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to solve the problem that the existing unmanned aerial vehicle for forest monitoring has an unsatisfactory endurance capacity and needs to take off and land frequently to replenish electric energy, which greatly affects the operation efficiency, as Figure 1 、 Figures 9 - 11As shown in the figure, it further includes a parking platform assembly 9 located at the top of the column 3 for temporarily parking drones and replacing batteries; the parking platform assembly 9 includes four display boards 901 evenly distributed along the circumference and a first driving mechanism 902 for driving the display boards 901 to unfold or retract. One end of the display board 901 is hinged to the column 3. The first driving mechanism 902 includes a third gear 902a and a fourth motor 902b for driving the third gear 902a to rotate. A rack 902c meshing with the third gear 902a is arranged on the side of the third gear 902a. A fourth gear 902d meshing with the rack 902c is arranged above the rack 902c. The fourth gear 902d is fixedly sleeved on the hinge shaft of the display board 901. During use, the fourth motor 902b drives the third gear 902a to rotate, the third gear 902a drives the rack 902c to move, the rack 902c drives the fourth gear 902d to rotate, and the fourth gear 902d drives the display board 901 to rotate, so as to simultaneously unfold the four display boards 901 for the drone to park temporarily and replace the battery.

[0049] The parking platform assembly 9 further includes positioning blocks 903 slidably arranged on the top of the display board 901 and a second driving mechanism 904 for pulling the positioning blocks 903 closer; the positioning blocks 903 are used to push the drone to correct its orientation for battery replacement. A return spring is arranged on one side of the positioning block 903. The second driving mechanism 904 includes a winding wheel 904a and a fifth motor 904b for driving the winding wheel 904a to rotate. A pulling rope 904c is wound around the winding wheel 904a, and the pulling rope 904c is fixedly connected to the positioning block 903. During use, the fifth motor 904b drives the winding wheel 904a to rotate, the winding wheel 904a winds the pulling rope 904c onto it, the pulling rope 904c pulls the positioning block 903 to slide, and the positioning block 903 pushes the landing gear of the drone to correct its orientation for battery replacement; when a fire occurs, the drone can fly above the device to land and replace the battery, and then take off again to perform tasks such as fire extinguishing and reconnaissance, greatly improving the operation efficiency and endurance of the drone.

[0050] Embodiment 3

[0051] The present invention also provides a forest climate monitoring method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites, including the following steps:

[0052] S1. Capture high-resolution images of the forest area through high-resolution remote sensing satellites, including information such as vegetation coverage, topography, and water body distribution;

[0053] S2. The ground receiving station receives high-resolution images and, based on the forest climate monitoring model, monitors the changes in forest climate in real time. If there are no abnormal changes, it controls the fixed-point monitoring device to operate normally. When abnormal changes occur, the ground receiving station controls the fixed-point monitoring devices within the abnormal area to operate to further collect ground climate data. Specifically, it controls the lifting mechanism 4 to drive the column 3 to rise, and collects underground and above-ground environmental data through the underground monitoring module 2 and the above-ground monitoring module 5. The ground receiving station receives the environmental data of the fixed-point monitoring device and controls the fixed-point monitoring devices in the corresponding area to operate abnormally based on the high-resolution images and environmental data.

[0054] Among them, normal operation includes regularly irrigating the surrounding plants; abnormal operation includes:

[0055] Adding a flame retardant to the annular water storage cylinder 1 through the flame retardant adding component 6 and spraying it around to prevent the spread of fire;

[0056] Adjusting the orientation of the guiding component 7 to provide an escape path indication;

[0057] Deploying the helicopter landing platform component 9 for the temporary parking and battery replacement of drones;

[0058] Activating the distress component 8 to spray colored smoke to send out a distress signal to the outside.

[0059] The above embodiments only represent one implementation manner of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites, comprising a high-resolution remote sensing satellite for capturing high-resolution images of forest areas and a ground receiving station, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of fixed-point monitoring devices buried in various areas of the forest, which are used to collect environmental climate data of the fixed-point areas of the forest. The high-resolution remote sensing satellite and the fixed-point monitoring devices are both wirelessly connected to a ground receiving station, and the ground receiving station is used to process and analyze remote sensing data and collect data; The fixed-point monitoring device comprises an annular water storage cylinder (1), an underground monitoring module (2) located on the surface of the annular water storage cylinder (1) for collecting forest underground environmental data, a column (3) located at the center of the annular water storage cylinder (1), and a lifting mechanism (4) located on the side of the column (3), an above-ground monitoring module (5) located on the column (3) for collecting above-ground environmental data, and a processor module, a storage module, a GPS module, a wireless communication module, and a rescue component (8) located inside the column (3); The top of the column (3) is also provided with water spray holes (302) for spraying the liquid in the annular water storage cylinder (1) and spray holes (303) for spraying colored smoke for emergency. A flame retardant adding component (6) is provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder (1); The column (3) is also provided with a guide component (7) for providing escape route indication.

2. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A water inlet box (101) is provided on the side of the annular water storage cylinder (1), a water inlet mesh plate (102) for collecting rainwater is provided on the top of the water inlet box (101), and a filter element (103) is provided inside the water inlet box (101); A water pump (104) is provided on the top of the annular water storage cylinder (1), a water outlet pipe (105) is provided at the outlet end of the water pump (104), and a water inlet hole (301) that is magnetically matched with the water outlet pipe (105) is provided on the bottom surface of the column (3); The top of the annular water storage cylinder (1) is also provided with a protection box (107), the top of the protection box (107) is provided with a solar panel (108), the top of the column (3) is provided with a battery storage chamber (306) for storing rechargeable batteries, the side of the battery storage chamber (306) is provided with a metal plate (307), and the inside of the protection box (107) is provided with another metal part for cooperating with the metal plate (307) so as to charge the rechargeable battery using the solar panel (108).

3. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An emergency material storage chamber (304) and an emergency button (305) are also provided on the lower end surface of the column (3), and the emergency button (305) is used to activate the rescue component (8).

4. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flame retardant adding component (6) comprises a flame retardant discharging unit (601), and the flame retardant discharging unit (601) comprises a flame retardant storage cylinder (601a) and a discharging pipe (601b) located at the bottom of the flame retardant storage cylinder (601a); The upper part of the feed pipe (601b) is configured as a square tube, and the lower part is configured as a circular tube. An annular plate (601c) is fixedly provided on the square tube. The top of the annular water storage cylinder (1) is provided with an annular stepped groove (106) which is slidably matched with the annular plate (601c) and the square tube respectively.

5. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The flame retardant adding component (6) further comprises a stirring unit (602), wherein the stirring unit (602) comprises a sun gear ring (602a) rotatably sleeved in the annular water storage cylinder (1) and a first gear ring (602b) fixed in the annular water storage cylinder (1); A plurality of planetary gears (602c) are provided between the sun gear ring (602a) and the first gear ring (602b); a stirring rod (602f) is provided at the bottom edge of the planetary gear (602c); a first gear (602d) meshing with the sun gear ring (602a) is provided on the side of the sun gear ring (602a); and a first motor (602e) for driving the first gear (602d) to rotate is provided above the first gear (602d); A feed pipe (602g) is provided through the center of one of the planetary gears (602c), a feed auger (602h) is fixedly provided in the feed pipe (602g), the feed auger (602h) is inserted into the feed discharge pipe (601b), and the circular tube of the feed discharge pipe (601b) is movably inserted into the feed pipe (602g).

6. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide assembly (7) comprises a guide plate (701) and a second motor (702) for driving the guide plate (701) to rotate; a second gear ring (703) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second motor (702); the second gear ring (703) is sleeved in a surface groove of the column (3); a second gear (704) meshing with the second gear ring (703) is provided on the inner side of the second gear ring (703); and a third motor (705) for driving the second gear (704) to rotate is provided at the bottom of the second gear (704).

7. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rescue component (8) comprises a colored smoke storage cylinder (801) and a fan (802) located on the top of the colored smoke storage cylinder (801), and an air outlet pipe (803) is provided at the outlet end of the fan (802), and the air outlet pipe (803) extends into the spray hole (303).

8. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a parking platform component (9) located at the top of the column (3) for temporarily parking the drone and replacing the battery; The parking platform assembly (9) comprises four display panels (901) evenly distributed along a circumference and a first driving mechanism (902) for driving the display panels (901) to unfold or fold, one end of the display panel (901) is hinged to the column (3), the first driving mechanism (902) comprises a third gear (902a) and a fourth motor (902b) for driving the third gear (902a) to rotate, a rack (902c) meshing with the third gear (902a) is provided on the side of the third gear (902a), a fourth gear (902d) meshing with the rack (902c) is provided above the rack (902c), and the fourth gear (902d) is fixedly sleeved on the hinge shaft of the display panel (901).

9. The forest climate monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The parking platform assembly (9) further comprises a positioning block (903) slidably arranged on the top of the display board (901) and a second driving mechanism (904) for pulling the plurality of positioning blocks (903) together; The positioning block (903) is used to push the drone to adjust its orientation for battery replacement. The second driving mechanism (904) comprises a winding wheel (904a) and a fifth motor (904b) for driving the winding wheel (904a) to rotate. A pull rope (904c) is wound around the winding wheel (904a), and the pull rope (904c) is fixedly connected to the positioning block (903).

10. A forest climate monitoring method based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite, using a forest climate monitoring system based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Capture high-resolution images of forest areas through high-resolution remote sensing satellites; S2, the ground receiving station receives the high-resolution image, and based on the forest climate monitoring model, monitors the changes in the forest climate in real time. If there is no abnormal change, the fixed-point monitoring device is controlled to perform normal operation. When an abnormal change occurs, the ground receiving station controls the operation of the fixed-point monitoring device in the abnormal area to further collect ground climate data. Specifically, the lifting mechanism (4) is controlled to drive the column (3) to rise, and the underground and ground environmental data are collected through the underground monitoring module (2) and the ground monitoring module (5); the ground receiving station receives the environmental data of the fixed-point monitoring device, and controls the fixed-point monitoring device in the corresponding area to perform abnormal operation based on the high-resolution image and the environmental data; The normal operation includes regularly irrigating the surrounding plants; the abnormal operation includes: adding flame retardant into the annular water storage cylinder (1) through the flame retardant adding component (6), and spraying it to the surroundings to hinder the spread of fire; adjusting the orientation of the guide component (7) to provide escape route instructions; and activating the rescue component (8) to spray colored smoke to send out a distress signal.

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