Performance test method for aviation blade
By using specific corrosion liquid on aviation blades to corrode and reveal the grains, the problem of difficulty in displaying grains in the prior art is solved, and the accuracy and objectivity of mechanical properties measurement are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510390476.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively display the grains of aviation blades, which in turn affects the measurement of their mechanical properties.
A performance testing method including the following steps is adopted: the aviation blades are immersed in a specific corrosion liquid for corrosion. The corrosion liquid is composed of water, FeCL3 and HCL, and the immersion time and temperature are controlled between 13 minutes-20 minutes and 60°C-65°C, thereby revealing the grains on the surface of the blade.
By revealing the grains, the accuracy of measurement of mechanical properties of aviation blades is improved, and a special corrosion process is provided for IN625 materials to ensure the objectivity and accuracy of the measurement results.
Smart Images
Figure CN120177301A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of testing, and particularly to a method for testing the performance of aviation blades. Background Art
[0002] For aviation blades, the grain size is one of the core parameters determining the mechanical properties of the blades and is one of the important conditions for evaluating whether the blades are qualified.
[0003] However, since most aviation blades are made of Inconel625 alloy, and Inconel625 alloy (abbreviated as IN625) is a solid-solution strengthened nickel-based wrought superalloy with molybdenum and niobium as the main strengthening elements, with a Cr content of 23%, it has excellent corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, good tensile properties and fatigue properties from low temperature to 980 °C, and stress corrosion resistance in a salt spray atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a corrosion process to make the grains of the aviation blades visible, so as to allow the measurement of the grain size. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the performance of aviation blades to solve the above technical problems.
[0005] The technical problems solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
[0006] A method for testing the performance of aviation blades includes the following steps:
[0007] Step 1: Immerse the aviation blade in the corrosion liquid for corrosion. The solvent of the corrosion liquid is water, and the solute has only FeCL3 and HCL. The content of FeCL3 is 270 - 275 g / L, the content of HCL is 105 - 115 g / L, the immersion time is 13 min - 20 min, the temperature of the corrosion liquid is 60 °C - 65 °C, and the surface grains of the corroded aviation blade are revealed.
[0008] Step 2: Take out the corroded aviation blade from the corrosion liquid, rinse it with warm water 2 - 3 times first, and then remove the surface moisture to obtain the aviation blade to be measured.
[0009] Step 3: Measure the particle size of the surface grains of the aviation blade to be measured, and take the average value of the particle size as the particle size value of the grains of the aviation blade.
[0010] Step 4: The aviation blades with particle size values within the predetermined range are considered to have qualified mechanical properties and the blades are qualified.
[0011] Preferably, in step 3, a measuring ruler is used to measure the particle size of the crystal grains. The surface of the measuring ruler is marked with measuring points. Concentric circles centered on the measuring points are provided at the measuring points. Scales are marked on the concentric circles, and there are gaps between two adjacent measuring points.
[0012] As an optimized solution, in step 1, before the aviation blade is immersed in the corrosion liquid, the corrosion liquid is weighed to obtain a weight value 1; in step 2, the aviation blade is rinsed with warm water of a fixed mass, and the water after rinsing the aviation blade is collected and added to the corrosion liquid in step 1 to form a mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid is weighed to obtain a weight value 2; the weight value 2 is subtracted from the weight value 1 to obtain a differential weight value 3. The larger the differential weight value 3, the smaller the particle size of the corresponding corroded aviation blade. The differential weight value 3 is used to assist in judging the accuracy of the particle size measurement result.
[0013] As another optimized solution, the surface of the aviation blade to be measured is uniformly blackened and colored. After the dye is dried and the coloring is stable, surface polishing is carried out by a polishing machine. The grinding wheel of the polishing machine uses a frosted acrylic disc; after polishing, a dark crystal grain area and a bright crystal grain boundary are formed. It also includes an assembled integrating sphere test platform. The integrating sphere test platform includes an integrating sphere for measuring light. An electric lamp is assembled above the middle of the integrating sphere. A hollow bracket with a hollowed-out bottom is assembled below the middle of the integrating sphere. The surface to be measured of the aviation blade to be measured is placed downward and erected on the hollowed-out hollow bracket, and the surface to be measured is exposed. A camera with an upward shooting direction is provided at the bottom of the integrating sphere, and the camera shoots towards the surface to be measured; through hardware shielding or software cropping, the shooting range of the camera is controlled within the area of the surface to be measured. The camera is connected to a computer host; the computer host first counts the number of dark crystal grain areas in the captured image through image recognition software; then calculates the area of each dark crystal grain area; deletes abnormal areas; and obtains the average crystal grain area. The larger the crystal grain area, the larger the particle size of the corresponding corroded aviation blade. The crystal grain area is used to assist in judging the accuracy of the particle size measurement result.
[0014] Beneficial effects: First, the present invention judges the mechanical properties of the blade by measuring the crystal grain size, with high accuracy. Second, the present invention provides a special corrosion process for IN625 material, and the crystal grains can be shown by corroding the blade surface, so that the measurement of the crystal grains is more accurate. Finally, the present invention provides an optimized solution, through which the accuracy of crystal grain measurement can be judged or the measurement of the measuring ruler can be replaced, making the measurement result more accurate and objective. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 These are the photos of the corrosion results of No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 under the corrosion liquid of the present invention;
[0016] Figure 2This is the photo of the etching result No. 5 under the etching solution of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 3 This is the photo of the etching result No. 6 under the etching solution of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 4 This is the photo of the etching result No. 7 under the etching solution of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 5 This is the photo of the etching result No. 8 under the etching solution of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners
[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0021] The performance test method for aviation blades includes the following steps:
[0022] Step 1: Immerse the aviation blade in the etching solution for etching. The solvent of the etching solution is water, and the solutes are only FeCL3 and HCL. The content of FeCL3 is 270 - 275 g / L, the content of HCL is 105 - 115 g / L, the immersion time is 13 min - 20 min, the temperature of the etching solution is 60°C - 65°C, and the surface grains of the etched aviation blade are revealed.
[0023] Next, the etching solution of the present invention will be tested and compared with common etching solutions for etching effects:
[0024] Serial number 1: The used etching solution is 1 part of phosphoric acid + 3.5 parts of nitric acid + 4 parts of sulfuric acid, and the etching method is electrolytic etching: 2V - 10V, for more than 20 s. The test result is that only a small part of the grains are etched out, not meeting the inspection requirements.
[0025] Serial number 2: The used etching solution is 100 ml of hydrogen peroxide + 100 ml of hydrochloric acid, and the etching method is to immerse the aviation blade in hydrochloric acid and pour hydrogen peroxide until the reaction is completed. The test result is that no grains are shown.
[0026] Serial number 3: The used etching solution is 1 part of nitric acid + 3 parts of hydrochloric acid, and the etching method is to immerse the aviation blade at 62°C for 15 min. The etching result is that no grains are shown.
[0027] Serial number 4: The used etching solution is 1.5 g of copper sulfate + 40 ml of hydrochloric acid + 20 ml of absolute ethanol, and the etching method is to immerse the aviation blade at 62°C for 15 min. The etching result is that grains are shown, but only a small part of the grains are etched out, not meeting the inspection requirements.
[0028] Serial number 5: The etching solution used is 150 g of copper sulfate + 35 ml of sulfuric acid + 500 ml of hydrochloric acid. The etching method is to immerse the aviation blade at 62 °C for 15 min. The etching result is that no crystal grains are shown.
[0029] Serial number 6: The etching solution used is the etching solution of the present invention. The etching method is to immerse the aviation blade at 62 °C for 15 min. The etching result is that the crystal grains are completely etched and clearly shown.
[0030] According to the above test results, it can be seen that compared with the electrolytic etching method, the etching method of the present invention does not require power supply and is more convenient. Compared with the existing chemical etching method, it has higher efficiency and simpler composition.
[0031] Next, the etching solution of the present invention is used to test and compare the etching effects under different condition parameters:
[0032] Serial number 1: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 295 g / L, the content of HCL is 110 g / L, the immersion time is 30 min, and the temperature of the etching solution is 45 °C. The test result is that no crystal grains are shown, as Figure 1 shown.
[0033] Serial number 2: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 268 g / L, the content of HCL is 125 g / L, the immersion time is 40 min, and the temperature of the etching solution is 45 °C. The test result is that no crystal grains are shown, as Figure 1 shown.
[0034] Serial number 3: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 285 g / L, the content of HCL is 105 g / L, the immersion time is 50 min, and the temperature of the etching solution is 65 °C. The test result is that no crystal grains are shown, as Figure 1 shown.
[0035] Serial number 4: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 270 - 275 g / L, the content of HCL is 105 - 115 g / L, the immersion time is 10 min, and the temperature of the etching solution is 60 °C. The test result is that no crystal grains are shown, as Figure 1 shown.
[0036] Serial number 5: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 270 g / L, the content of HCL is 115 g / L, the immersion time is 10 min, and the temperature of the etching solution is 60 °C. The test result is that crystal grains are shown, and only a small part of the crystal grains are etched out, not meeting the inspection requirements, as Figure 2 shown.
[0037] Serial number 6: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 268 g / L, the content of HCL is 125 g / L, the immersion time is 15 min, and the temperature of the etching solution is 60 °C. The test result is that crystal grains are shown, and a small part of the crystal grains are not completely presented, not meeting the inspection requirements, asFigure 3 as shown
[0038] Serial number 7: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 270 g / L, the content of HCL is 115 g / L, the immersion time is 20 min, the temperature of the etching solution is 60 °C, the test result shows grains, the grains are completely etched, the display is clear, and the etching is qualified. As Figure 4 as shown
[0039] Serial number 8: The content of FeCL3 in the etching solution is 275 g / L, the content of HCL is 105 g / L, the immersion time is 13 min, the temperature of the etching solution is 65 °C, the test result shows no grains, then shows grains, the grains are completely etched, the display is clear, and the etching is qualified. As Figure 5 as shown
[0040] According to the above test results, it can be seen that the immersion time and the temperature of the etching solution are very crucial. Using the immersion time and the temperature of the etching solution of the present invention can etch grains more efficiently.
[0041] Step 2: Take out the etched aviation blade from the etching solution, first rinse it with warm water 2 - 3 times, and then remove the surface moisture to obtain the aviation blade to be measured. The prior art usually rinses with normal temperature clear water, while the present invention rinses with warm water, which can accelerate the flow of the etching solution on the surface of the aviation blade, thereby improving the rinsing efficiency.
[0042] Step 3: Measure the particle size of the surface grains of the aviation blade to be measured, and take the average value of the particle size as the particle size value of the grains of the aviation blade. The particle size of the grains can be measured with the help of a measuring ruler. Preferably, the surface of the measuring ruler is marked with measuring points, and concentric circles centered on the measuring points are provided at the measuring points, and scales are marked on the concentric circles. There are gaps between adjacent measuring points. Thus, the measuring positions are taken quantitatively and at fixed points. Compared with the method of manually determining the measuring positions, it can effectively reduce subjective factors and make the measurement results more objective.
[0043] Step 4: The aviation blade with the particle size value within the predetermined range is considered to have qualified mechanical properties and the blade is qualified. The predetermined range can be adjusted according to the needs of customers.
[0044] The performance test of the aviation blade can be optimized by the following method, so as to improve the accuracy and objectivity of the measurement results.
[0045] Solution 1: In Step 1, before the aviation blade is immersed in the corrosive liquid, weigh the corrosive liquid to obtain Weight Value 1. In Step 2, rinse the aviation blade with warm water of a fixed mass, collect the water after rinsing the aviation blade, and add it to the corrosive liquid in Step 1 to form a mixed liquid. Weigh the mixed liquid to obtain Weight Value 2. Subtract Weight Value 1 from Weight Value 2 to obtain the differential weight value 3. The larger the differential weight value 3, the smaller the particle size of the corroded aviation blade. Use the differential weight value 3 to assist in judging the accuracy of the particle size measurement result, or directly replace the measurement of the particle size in Step 3. In the immersion link of Step 1, the smaller the particle size of the aviation blade, the more difficult it is to corrode, and the larger the particle size, the easier it is to corrode. Therefore, the heavier the mass corroded off, the larger the particle size. In the rinsing link of Step 2, the smaller the particle size of the aviation blade, the less water it holds, so the more water flows back to the corrosive liquid, and the larger the particle size, the more water it holds, so the less water flows back to the corrosive liquid. By weighing the mixed liquid in the present invention, the corrosion degree and water-holding degree can be effectively utilized to amplify the difference in weight values caused by the particle size, so as to allow the use of this difference for testing. Instead of directly weighing the corrosive liquid after the aviation blade is fished out, the present invention weighs the mixed liquid, thus solving the problem that the aviation blade has strong corrosion resistance and the mass corroded off is very limited and cannot be used for testing.
[0046] Solution 2: Uniformly blacken and color the surface of the aviation blade to be measured. After the dye is dried and the coloring is stable, polish the surface with a polishing machine. The grinding wheel of the polishing machine uses a frosted acrylic disc; after polishing, a dark grain area and a bright grain boundary are formed. It also includes assembling an integrating sphere test platform. The integrating sphere test platform includes an integrating sphere for photometry, and a lamp is assembled above the middle of the integrating sphere. A hollow bracket with a hollow bottom is assembled below the middle of the integrating sphere. The surface to be measured (the blackened and polished surface) of the aviation blade to be measured is placed downward and mounted on the hollow bracket, and the surface to be measured is exposed. A camera with an upward shooting direction is provided at the bottom of the integrating sphere, and the camera shoots towards the surface to be measured; through hardware shielding or software cropping, the shooting range of the camera is controlled within the area of the surface to be measured. The camera is connected to a computer host; the computer host first counts the number of dark grain areas in the captured image through image recognition software; then calculates the area of each dark grain area; deletes abnormal areas; and obtains the average grain area. The larger the grain area, the larger the particle size of the corroded aviation blade. Use the grain area to assist in judging the accuracy of the particle size measurement result, or directly replace the measurement of the particle size in Step 3. It is possible to input a reasonable grain area range into the computer host in advance, and the computer host makes a comparison. When the average grain area is within the reasonable grain area range, the computer host outputs a qualified conclusion. The identification of the dark grain area can be achieved in the current computer image recognition software technology, mostly through the pixel sheet division with a color depth exceeding the threshold, so it will not be elaborated here.
[0047] The aviation blade has strong corrosion resistance. As can be seen from the above corrosion experiment, under some corrosion schemes, the grains cannot be fully displayed. For the aviation blades that cannot be fully displayed, the optimization scheme of Scheme 2 is preferably adopted. For the aviation blades that cannot be fully displayed, the abnormal areas are deleted, including the areas without grain display, the areas larger than the reasonable area, and the areas smaller than the reasonable area.
[0048] Yes. The computer host counts the pixels with a continuous color depth exceeding the threshold. Among a group of continuously arranged pixels with a color depth exceeding the threshold, a pixel group with both width and length greater than a set value (which can be a numerical value) is regarded as a pixel patch, thereby completing the identification of the division of a dark grain area. The area of each dark grain area can be calculated by counting the pixels with a depth exceeding the threshold in a dark grain area.
[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A performance test method for an aviation blade, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, immersing the aviation blade in a corrosive solution for corrosion, wherein the solvent of the corrosive solution is water, and the solutes are only FeCL3 and HCL, wherein the FeCL3 content is 270-275g / L, the HCL content is 110g / L, the immersion time is 13min-20min, the temperature of the corrosive solution is 60℃-65℃, and the surface grains of the corroded aviation blade are exposed; Step 2: Take out the corroded aviation blade from the corrosive liquid, rinse it with warm water for 2-3 times, and then remove the surface moisture to obtain the aviation blade to be measured; Step 3, measuring the particle size of the surface grains of the aviation blade to be measured, and taking the average value of the particle size as the particle size value of the grains of the aviation blade; Step 4: The aviation blades with particle size values within the predetermined range are considered to meet the mechanical performance standards and are qualified.
2. The performance testing method of an aviation blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the grain size of the crystal grains is measured with the aid of a measuring ruler, wherein the surface of the measuring ruler is marked with measuring points, at which concentric rings with the measuring points as the measuring centers are arranged, scales are marked on the concentric rings, and a gap is arranged between two adjacent measuring points.
3. The performance testing method of an aviation blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, before the aviation blade is immersed in the corrosive liquid, the corrosive liquid is weighed to obtain a weight value 1; in step 2, the aviation blade is rinsed with a fixed mass of warm water, and the water after rinsing the aviation blade is collected and added to the corrosive liquid in step 1 to form a mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid is weighed to obtain a weight value 2; the weight value 2 is subtracted from the weight value 1 to obtain a differential weight value 3; the larger the differential weight value 3, the smaller the particle size of the corresponding corroded aviation blade, and the differential weight value 3 is used to assist in judging the accuracy of the particle size measurement result.
4. The performance testing method of an aviation blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the aviation blade to be measured is uniformly blackened and colored, and after the dye is dried and the coloring is stable, the surface is polished by a polishing machine, and the grinding wheel of the polishing machine adopts a frosted acrylic wheel; after polishing, a dark grain area and a bright grain boundary are formed; and an integrating sphere test platform is also assembled, and the integrating sphere test platform includes an integrating sphere for measuring light, and an electric lamp is assembled in the upper part of the middle of the integrating sphere; A hollow bracket is installed at the lower part of the middle of the integrating sphere. The measured surface of the aviation blade to be measured is placed downward and mounted on the hollow bracket, and the measured surface is exposed. A camera with an upward shooting direction is arranged at the bottom of the integrating sphere, and the camera shoots toward the measured surface. Through hardware blocking or software cropping, the shooting range of the camera is controlled within the area of the measured surface. The camera is connected to a computer host. The host computer first counts the number of dark grain areas in the captured image through image recognition software; then calculates the area of each dark grain area; deletes abnormal areas; and calculates the average grain area; The larger the grain area, the larger the grain size of the corresponding corroded aviation blade. The grain area is used to assist in determining the accuracy of the grain size measurement results.