Ultrasonic flaw detection method and device for ground wire

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic flaw detection method and device for a ground wire, and relates to the field of ultrasonic flaw detection. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring flaw detection evaluation data of a target ground wire through ultrasonic waves in response to flaw detection operation for the target ground wire; acquiring flaw detection evaluation characteristics corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data through preprocessing operation; according to the flaw detection evaluation characteristics, obtaining a to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire; acquiring a target flaw detection model corresponding to the to-be-confirmed damage type from a preset flaw detection model database; calculating a health state index of the target ground wire through flaw detection evaluation features according to the target flaw detection model; and outputting a flaw detection result according to the health state index. The problems that infrared thermal imaging and visual detection mainly aims at defects on the surface or near the surface, and an effective detection means is difficult to provide for hidden damage, such as deep cracks or pitting corrosion, in the ground wire are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ultrasonic flaw detection, and particularly to an ultrasonic flaw detection method and device for ground wires. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the power industry, as an important part of the transmission line, the safety and stability of the ground wire have an important impact on the reliable operation of the entire power system. In recent years, with the increasing complexity of the transmission line erection, the ground wire is easily affected by environmental factors, mechanical stress and corrosion during long-term operation, resulting in damages such as cracks, broken wires, pitting and corrosion. These damages may further threaten the mechanical strength and electrical conductivity of the ground wire, thus causing major safety hazards. Therefore, efficient and accurate detection and evaluation of the ground wire damages have become one of the key research directions in the transmission field.

[0003] Currently, using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with infrared thermal imaging and high-definition vision devices to detect flaws in the ground wire is a relatively efficient flaw detection method. In this method, the UAV flies along the transmission line to perform non-contact detection on the external surface and operating state of the ground wire. The infrared thermal imaging technology identifies possible abnormal areas by capturing the temperature changes on the surface of the ground wire. However, the above solutions, namely infrared thermal imaging and visual detection, mainly target surface or near-surface defects, and it is difficult to provide effective detection means for hidden damages inside the ground wire, such as deep cracks or pitting damages.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ultrasonic flaw detection method and device for ground wires. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an ultrasonic flaw detection method and device for ground wires, which solves the problem that infrared thermal imaging and visual detection mainly target surface or near-surface defects, and it is difficult to provide effective detection means for hidden damages inside the ground wire, such as deep cracks or pitting damages.

[0006] In the first aspect of the present application, there is provided an ultrasonic flaw detection method for ground wires. The method includes: in response to a flaw detection operation for a target ground wire, obtaining flaw evaluation data of the target ground wire by ultrasonic waves; through a preprocessing operation, obtaining flaw evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw evaluation data; according to the flaw evaluation features, obtaining a to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire; obtaining a target flaw detection model corresponding to the to-be-confirmed damage type in a preset flaw detection model database, where the preset flaw detection model database is used to store the correspondence between the to-be-confirmed damage types and the target flaw detection models; through the flaw evaluation features, and calculating a health status index of the target ground wire according to the target flaw detection model; according to the health status index, outputting a flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire.

[0007] Optionally, through a preprocessing operation, flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire are obtained according to the flaw detection evaluation data, specifically including: obtaining the original waveform data, echo signal data, modal data, and phase data corresponding to the target ground wire in the flaw detection evaluation data; obtaining the signal features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the original waveform data and the echo signal data, where the signal features include time-domain features and frequency-domain features; obtaining the modal propagation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the modal data, where the modal propagation features include scattering features and attenuation features; obtaining the defect position features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the phase data; and using the signal features, modal propagation features, and defect position features as the flaw detection evaluation features.

[0008] Optionally, according to the flaw detection evaluation features, the damage types to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire are obtained, specifically including: identifying the signal change pattern of the target ground wire according to the time-domain features and frequency-domain features in the signal features; analyzing the abnormal energy propagation region in the target ground wire according to the scattering features and attenuation features in the modal propagation features; determining the spatial distribution of the signal abnormal region in the target ground wire according to the defect position features; and combining the signal change pattern, the abnormal energy propagation region, and the spatial distribution of the signal abnormal region, and based on a preset damage type discrimination method, identifying the damage types to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire, where the damage types to be confirmed include crack damage types, broken wire damage types, pitting damage types, and corrosion damage types.

[0009] Optionally, before obtaining the target flaw detection model corresponding to the damage type to be confirmed in the preset flaw detection model database, the target flaw detection model needs to be constructed, specifically including: obtaining the historical flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to multiple confirmed damage types respectively, where one confirmed damage type corresponds to one or more historical flaw detection evaluation features; constructing multiple flaw detection models corresponding to multiple confirmed damage types based on the historical flaw detection evaluation features, and the target flaw detection model is any one of the multiple flaw detection models; constructing the corresponding relationship between multiple confirmed damage types and multiple flaw detection models, where one confirmed damage type corresponds to one flaw detection model, and the multiple flaw detection models include a crack flaw detection model, a broken wire flaw detection model, a pitting flaw detection model, and a corrosion flaw detection model; and storing the multiple confirmed damage types, multiple flaw detection models, and the corresponding relationship in the preset flaw detection model database.

[0010] Optionally, when the target flaw detection model is a crack flaw detection model, evaluate the flaw detection features and calculate the health status index of the target ground wire according to the target flaw detection model, which specifically includes: obtaining the key parameters of crack flaw detection according to the flaw detection evaluation features, where the key parameters of crack flaw detection include crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack width parameter, crack shape parameter, and crack position parameter; calculating the dynamic response influence values through modal analysis and according to the crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack shape parameter, and crack width parameter, and the multiple dynamic response influence values include vibration frequency offset influence value, energy dissipation rate influence value, and signal attenuation coefficient influence value; calculating the crack damage assessment factor according to the dynamic response influence values; and calculating the health status index through multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack position parameter.

[0011] Optionally, calculating the health status index through multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack position parameter specifically includes:

[0012] Calculating the health status index according to the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] where H c is the health status index, λ1 and λ2 are adjustment parameters, S c is the crack damage assessment factor, P c is the crack position parameter, P critical is the preset dangerous reference position, L is the total length of the ground wire, L c is the crack length parameter, D c is the crack depth parameter, W c is the crack width parameter, L max is the maximum reference value of the crack length, D max is the maximum reference value of the crack depth, W max is the maximum reference value of the crack width, E d is the energy dissipation rate influence value, γ s is the signal attenuation coefficient influence value, Δf is the vibration frequency offset influence value, f0 is the reference vibration frequency of the target ground wire in the undamaged state, α1 to α6 are all weight coefficients, and satisfy F s is the crack shape parameter, k1 to k3 are all material-related constants, and T is the tension of the ground wire.

[0015] Optionally, according to the health status indicator, the flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire is output, specifically including: determining whether the health status indicator is greater than the first threshold; if the health status indicator is greater than or equal to the first threshold, outputting that the flaw detection result is excellent in health status; if the health status indicator is less than the first threshold, outputting that the flaw detection result is that there is crack damage.

[0016] In a second aspect of the present application, an ultrasonic flaw detection device for a ground wire is provided. The device includes an acquisition module and a processing module, wherein,

[0017] The acquisition module is configured to, in response to a flaw detection operation for a target ground wire, obtain flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire through ultrasonic waves; obtain flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data through a preprocessing operation; obtain a to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation features; and obtain a target flaw detection model corresponding to the to-be-confirmed damage type in a preset flaw detection model database, where the preset flaw detection model database is used to store the correspondence between the to-be-confirmed damage type and the target flaw detection model.

[0018] The processing module is configured to calculate a health status indicator of the target ground wire through the flaw detection evaluation features and according to the target flaw detection model; and output a flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire according to the health status indicator.

[0019] In a third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, including a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface. The memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes the method as described in any one of the above.

[0020] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the method as described in any one of the above.

[0021] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0022] 1. When performing flaw detection on the target ground wire, obtain the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire through ultrasonic waves, and through preprocessing operations, obtain the flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data. Then, based on the flaw detection evaluation features, obtain the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire. After that, obtain the target flaw detection model corresponding to the damage type to be confirmed in the preset flaw detection model database. Through the flaw detection evaluation features, calculate the health status index of the target ground wire according to the target flaw detection model. According to the health status index, output the flaw detection result, and then accurately identify various damage types such as cracks, broken wires, pitting, and corrosion in the ground wire. Moreover, use ultrasonic technology to quickly obtain the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire, and through automated feature extraction and model matching, reduce manual intervention and analysis time, and significantly improve the flaw detection efficiency.

[0023] 2. Based on historical flaw detection evaluation features, build flaw detection models for all known and confirmed damage types respectively, and establish the mapping relationship between the damage type and the model, so that the damage type to be confirmed can be quickly matched with the corresponding detection model when needed, realizing efficient flaw detection.

[0024] 3. According to the flaw detection evaluation features of the target ground wire, extract the key parameters for crack flaw detection. Based on modal analysis technology, combined with crack length, depth, shape, and width parameters, calculate the influence value of the crack on the dynamic response of the ground wire. And through comprehensive evaluation of these dynamic response influence values, calculate the crack damage evaluation factor. Then, combined with the crack damage evaluation factor and the crack position parameters, calculate the health status index of the target ground wire through the multi-factor fusion algorithm. Furthermore, combine the crack damage evaluation factor and the crack position parameters, and unify and quantify the comprehensive influence of the crack on the health status through the multi-factor fusion algorithm, avoiding the limitations of single-parameter analysis and providing a more comprehensive health status index. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of an ultrasonic flaw detection method for a ground wire provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detection device for a ground wire provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Description of the reference numerals: 21, acquisition module; 22, processing module; 301, processor; 302, communication bus; 303, user interface; 304, network interface; 305, memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] The terms used in the following embodiments of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit this application. As used in the specification of this application, the singular forms "a", "an", "the", "above-mentioned", "said", and "this" are also intended to include the plural forms, unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items.

[0031] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a schematic flowchart of an ultrasonic flaw detection method for a ground wire provided in an embodiment of this application. The flowchart mainly includes the following steps: S101 to S106.

[0034] Step S101, in response to a flaw detection operation on a target ground wire, obtain flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire by ultrasonic waves.

[0035] Specifically, when the user performs a flaw detection operation on the target ground wire, a high-sensitivity ultrasonic guided wave sensor is used to emit ultrasonic waves, and flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire is obtained. The target ground wire is the ground wire selected by the user for the flaw detection operation, and can be any one of all the ground wires that need to be subjected to the flaw detection operation. When selecting a high-sensitivity ultrasonic guided wave sensor, it is necessary to ensure that its frequency band matches the material characteristics and structural dimensions of the target ground wire, and moreover, the signal power of the ultrasonic wave also needs to be adjusted according to the length, material, and defect sensitivity requirements of the target ground wire. The selection of the guided wave mode in the high-sensitivity ultrasonic guided wave sensor also needs to be determined according to the structural characteristics, and the structural characteristics include but are not limited to diameter, wall thickness, etc., and a guided wave mode with low attenuation and long propagation distance can be preferentially selected. Through the above screening and setting of the high-sensitivity ultrasonic guided wave sensor, the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire obtained by ultrasonic waves is made more accurate and error-free, and meets the requirements of the current flaw detection operation.

[0036] Step S102, through a preprocessing operation, obtain the flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data.

[0037] Specifically, through the preprocessing operation, the flaw detection evaluation data is converted into flaw detection evaluation features that can characterize the damage characteristics of the target ground wire. The preprocessing operation performs signal extraction, feature quantization, and normalization processing on the obtained raw data, so as to provide an accurate quantitative description of the damage state by comprehensively extracting and integrating the multi-dimensional features of the target ground wire.

[0038] In a possible implementation manner, step S102 further includes: obtaining the original waveform data, echo signal data, modal data, and phase data corresponding to the target ground wire in the flaw detection evaluation data; according to the original waveform data and the echo signal data, obtaining the signal features corresponding to the target ground wire, and the signal features include time domain features and frequency domain features; according to the modal data, obtaining the modal propagation features corresponding to the target ground wire, and the modal propagation features include scattering features and attenuation features; according to the phase data, obtaining the defect position features corresponding to the target ground wire; and taking the signal features, the modal propagation features, and the defect position features as the flaw detection evaluation features

[0039] Specifically, the following four types of data are extracted from the flaw detection evaluation data: Raw waveform data: Records the complete ultrasonic signal waveform obtained during the guided wave flaw detection process; Echo signal data: Extracts the key information in the reflected signal for identifying crack or other damage characteristics; Modal data: Includes characteristics such as the propagation mode, wave velocity, and amplitude attenuation of the guided wave; Phase data: Reflects the phase change of the guided wave signal during propagation and is used to locate defects. Based on the above data, the following features are extracted: Signal features: Time-domain features: Obtains information such as signal amplitude, waveform envelope, and time delay through time-domain analysis; Frequency-domain features: Extracts the spectral distribution, main frequency component, and harmonic characteristics of the signal through Fourier transform. Modal propagation features: Scattering features: Describes the scattering behavior of ultrasonic guided waves in the damaged area, such as the energy reflection coefficient; Attenuation features: Represents the energy loss of the guided wave signal during propagation and quantifies the impact of damage on signal propagation. Defect location features: Based on the phase data, calculates the phase difference of the guided wave signal at the defect, and locates the position and range of the defect through the time difference method or beamforming technology. Feature combination and normalization: Integrates the extracted signal features, modal propagation features, and defect location features into multi-dimensional flaw detection evaluation features. The above steps perform normalization processing on the flaw detection evaluation data to ensure the dimensional consistency of each dimension feature and improve the adaptability and calculation stability of the subsequent model.

[0040] Step S103: Obtain the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation features.

[0041] Specifically, by analyzing the flaw detection evaluation features extracted in step S102, the damage type of the target ground wire is identified. This process combines the signal, modal propagation, and spatial distribution information in the feature data to comprehensively judge the possible damage conditions of the ground wire. By analyzing the feature patterns and matching them with the preset discrimination methods, the damage type to be confirmed can be effectively determined, providing a basis for subsequent health status evaluation and repair strategies.

[0042] In a possible implementation manner, step S103 further includes: Identifying the signal change pattern of the target ground wire according to the time-domain features and frequency-domain features in the signal features; Analyzing the abnormal energy propagation area in the target ground wire according to the scattering features and attenuation features in the modal propagation features; Determining the spatial distribution of the signal abnormal area in the target ground wire according to the defect location features; Combining the signal change pattern, the abnormal energy propagation area, and the spatial distribution of the signal abnormal area, and identifying the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire based on the preset damage type discrimination method. The damage type to be confirmed includes crack damage type, broken wire damage type, pitting damage type, and corrosion damage type.

[0043] Specifically, by analyzing the flaw detection and evaluation features, the damage types to be confirmed of the target ground wire are identified, and the specific steps are as follows: First, according to the time-domain features and frequency-domain features in the signal features, the signal change pattern of the target ground wire is extracted. In the time domain, the sudden change of signal amplitude, abnormal envelope distribution, and signal delay characteristics are mainly analyzed; in the frequency domain, the main frequency components of the signal, harmonic structure, and energy change in a specific frequency band are checked to identify the characteristic response behavior of the ground wire under different damage types. At the same time, combining the scattering feature and attenuation feature in the modal propagation feature, the energy propagation of the target ground wire is analyzed. By quantifying the reflection intensity, scattering direction distribution, and attenuation characteristics of the signal at a specific position, the distribution area of abnormal energy propagation is depicted, and the possible damaged parts are speculated. In addition, according to the defect position feature, using the phase difference in the phase data, combined with the time difference method to calculate the specific position of the abnormal signal, and determining the spatial range and geometric distribution characteristics of the abnormal area through beamforming technology, so as to clarify the geometric position and range of the signal abnormal area. Finally, combining the signal change pattern, the abnormal area of energy propagation, and the spatial distribution information of the signal abnormal area, a comprehensive analysis is carried out based on the preset damage type discrimination method to determine the damage type to be confirmed of the target ground wire.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the discrimination method includes but is not limited to the following characteristics. For example: crack damage is manifested as concentrated scattered energy and prominent local attenuation; broken wire damage is mainly manifested as the attenuation of the main frequency in the frequency spectrum structure and the abnormality of local scattering intensity; the typical feature of pitting damage is the uniform attenuation of signal energy, with a low attenuation intensity but a wide distribution range; corrosion damage is manifested as the continuous weakening of the time-domain signal envelope and the offset of the frequency-domain energy density distribution. Through these discrimination methods, the comprehensive flaw detection and evaluation features can accurately identify the damage types of the target ground wire, providing a solid basis for subsequent health status evaluation. It should be noted that the above description of the discrimination method is only an example given by the present application for the convenience of explanation. The discrimination method needs to be set manually according to different damage types, and the present application does not limit this setting method.

[0045] Step S104, obtain the target flaw detection model corresponding to the damage type to be confirmed in the preset flaw detection model database, and the preset flaw detection model database is used to store the correspondence between the damage type to be confirmed and the target flaw detection model.

[0046] Specifically, according to the type of damage to be confirmed, the corresponding target flaw detection model is obtained from the preset flaw detection model database to accurately detect the target ground wire. The preset flaw detection model database stores the correspondence between the type of damage to be confirmed and the target flaw detection model, and is a key resource library in the flaw detection process. In practical applications, to ensure the adaptability of the flaw detection model, it is usually necessary to construct corresponding flaw detection models for all known damage types in advance and establish the mapping relationship between the damage type and the model. In this way, the type of damage to be confirmed can be quickly matched with the corresponding detection model to achieve efficient flaw detection.

[0047] In a possible implementation manner, step S104 further includes: obtaining the historical flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to multiple confirmed damage types respectively, where one confirmed damage type corresponds to one or more historical flaw detection evaluation features; based on the historical flaw detection evaluation features, constructing multiple flaw detection models corresponding to the multiple confirmed damage types, and the target flaw detection model is any one of the multiple flaw detection models; constructing the correspondence between the multiple confirmed damage types and the multiple flaw detection models, where one confirmed damage type corresponds to one flaw detection model, and the multiple flaw detection models include a crack flaw detection model, a broken wire flaw detection model, a pitting flaw detection model, and a corrosion flaw detection model; storing the multiple confirmed damage types, the multiple flaw detection models, and the correspondence in the preset flaw detection model database.

[0048] Specifically, taking the construction of a flaw detection model for each of all known confirmed damage types as an example, and taking any one of the damage types and constructing the corresponding target flaw detection model, the construction steps are as follows: First, for a certain confirmed damage type, extract the signal features related to it from the historical flaw detection evaluation data, including time-domain features (including but not limited to the change rate of signal amplitude, peak duration, etc.), frequency-domain features (including but not limited to the main frequency component, frequency band energy distribution, etc.), modal propagation features (including but not limited to scattering intensity, energy attenuation ratio, etc.), and defect location features (including but not limited to the center point and range of the abnormal signal spatial distribution, etc.). Then, use feature engineering methods to screen and reduce the dimension of the extracted features to reduce feature redundancy and improve the generalization ability of the model. Subsequently, adopt classification algorithms (including but not limited to support vector machines, random forests, or neural network models, etc.) to train the flaw detection model, adjust the parameters to optimize the classification performance, and verify the accuracy and robustness of the model on the test data set. Finally, establish the mapping relationship between the flaw detection model and the corresponding damage type and store it in the preset flaw detection model database.

[0049] The above process is repeated until detection models and their mapping relationships corresponding to all known damage types are stored in the preset flaw detection model database. In this way, the flaw detection model library covers a rich variety of damage types and detection models. When it is necessary to determine the health status based on the flaw detection evaluation features of the target ground wire, the target flaw detection model matching the damage type to be confirmed can be quickly retrieved from the preset flaw detection model database, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of flaw detection.

[0050] In addition, the preset flaw detection model database also supports data updates. When the user sets a new damage type, the new damage type and its corresponding flaw detection model are added as new entries to the preset flaw detection model database, and the mapping relationship between the damage types and detection models in the preset flaw detection model database is updated. The preset flaw detection model database also supports version management of the stored data to facilitate tracing or optimizing existing flaw detection models when needed.

[0051] Step S105: Calculate the health status index of the target ground wire based on the flaw detection evaluation features and according to the target flaw detection model.

[0052] Specifically, based on the flaw detection evaluation features of the target ground wire, combined with the corresponding flaw detection model, the health status index is calculated through quantitative analysis and feature fusion. The index can accurately reflect the damaged degree of the target ground wire and provide guidance for subsequent maintenance decisions. Under different flaw detection models, the calculation methods of the health status index are different.

[0053] In a possible implementation manner, step S105 further includes: when the target flaw detection model is a crack flaw detection model, based on the flaw detection evaluation features, obtain the key parameters for crack flaw detection. The key parameters for crack flaw detection include crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack width parameter, crack shape parameter, and crack position parameter; through modal analysis, and calculate the dynamic response influence values according to the crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack shape parameter, and crack width parameter. The multiple dynamic response influence values include vibration frequency offset influence value, energy dissipation rate influence value, and signal attenuation coefficient influence value; calculate the crack damage assessment factor according to the dynamic response influence values; and calculate the health status index through multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack position parameter.

[0054] Specifically, when the target flaw detection model is a crack flaw detection model, the specific calculation steps are as follows: First, according to the flaw detection evaluation characteristics of the target ground wire, key parameters for crack flaw detection are extracted, including crack length parameters, crack depth parameters, crack width parameters, crack shape parameters, and crack position parameters. Subsequently, based on modal analysis technology and combined with crack length, depth, shape, and width parameters, the influence value of the crack on the dynamic response of the ground wire is calculated. The dynamic response influence value includes the influence value of vibration frequency offset, the influence value of energy dissipation rate, and the influence value of signal attenuation coefficient. Then, by comprehensively evaluating these dynamic response influence values, a crack damage evaluation factor is calculated, which can reflect the degree of influence of the crack on the overall structural performance of the ground wire. Finally, by combining the crack damage evaluation factor with the crack position parameter, the health status index of the target ground wire is calculated through a multi-factor fusion algorithm. This health status index quantitatively evaluates the spatial distribution of crack damage and its comprehensive influence on mechanical properties.

[0055] When the target flaw detection model is a crack flaw detection model, the health status index is calculated according to the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] where H c is the health status index, λ1 and λ2 are adjustment parameters, S c is the crack damage evaluation factor, P c is the crack position parameter, P critical is the preset dangerous reference position, L is the total length of the ground wire, L c is the crack length parameter, D c is the crack depth parameter, W c is the crack width parameter, L max is the maximum reference value of the crack length, D max is the maximum reference value of the crack depth, W max is the maximum reference value of the crack width, E d is the influence value of energy dissipation rate, γ s is the influence value of signal attenuation coefficient, Δf is the influence value of vibration frequency offset, f0 is the reference vibration frequency of the target ground wire in the undamaged state, α1 to α6 are all weight coefficients, and satisfy F s is the crack shape parameter, k1 to k3 are all material-related constants, and T is the tension of the ground wire.

[0058] For other types of flaw detection models, such as broken wire flaw detection models, pitting flaw detection models, and corrosion flaw detection models, the calculation methods of health status indicators have their own characteristics. For example, in the broken wire flaw detection model, it is necessary to extract the quantity parameter, distribution density parameter, and position parameter of the broken wire, and evaluate its impact on the tension and stability of the ground wire through a mechanical damage analysis model. In the pitting flaw detection model, the health status indicators are mainly calculated based on the area parameter, depth parameter, and their distribution characteristics of the pitting through electromagnetic wave scattering analysis and material property degradation models. In the corrosion flaw detection model, the corrosion depth parameter, coverage area parameter, and electrochemical reaction rate parameter are extracted, and the comprehensive impact on the durability of the ground wire is evaluated in combination with the corrosion propagation model.

[0059] Step S106: Output the flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire according to the health status indicator.

[0060] Specifically, according to the health status indicator, output the flaw detection result of the target ground wire to clarify the current damage condition and health status of the target ground wire, and ensure the readability and operability of the detection information. The output methods of the flaw detection result include but are not limited to direct status description, generation of a detailed evaluation report, graphical presentation of damage distribution, health status trend, etc., so that users can take subsequent measures based on the detection result.

[0061] In a possible implementation manner, step S106 further includes: determining whether the health status indicator is greater than a first threshold; if the health status indicator is greater than or equal to the first threshold, output the flaw detection result as excellent health status; if the health status indicator is less than the first threshold, output the flaw detection result as having crack damage.

[0062] Specifically, according to the quantified value of the health status indicator, determine whether it is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold. The first threshold is the reference value of the health status of the target ground wire, reflecting the lowest standard for it to meet the normal working requirements. If the health status indicator is greater than or equal to the first threshold, determine that the flaw detection result of the target ground wire is excellent health status, and output the corresponding detection result, indicating that there is no obvious damage to the ground wire at present and it has the ability to operate normally; if the health status indicator is less than the first threshold, further analyze its damage type, and output the specific flaw detection result according to the previously determined damage type to be confirmed, such as marked as "having crack damage", "having broken wire damage", or "having corrosion damage", etc., and clearly describe the key characteristics of the damage in the report, including the spatial distribution of the damage, the severity of the damage, and the possible failure risk level.

[0063] It should be noted that when there are multiple damage types to be confirmed in the target ground wire, that is, when comprehensive evaluation needs to be carried out through multiple flaw detection models, first, the corresponding health status indicators are calculated respectively through each flaw detection model, and then the judgment in step S106 is carried out on each health status indicator respectively, so as to effectively identify each damage type, and then a comprehensive flaw detection operation is carried out on the target ground wire.

[0064] By adopting the above method, when performing the flaw detection operation on the target ground wire, the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire is obtained through ultrasonic waves, and through the preprocessing operation, the flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire are obtained according to the flaw detection evaluation data, so as to obtain the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation features. Then, the target flaw detection model corresponding to the damage type to be confirmed is obtained in the preset flaw detection model database. Through the flaw detection evaluation features and according to the target flaw detection model, the health status indicator of the target ground wire is calculated, and according to the health status indicator, the flaw detection result is output, so as to accurately identify various damage types such as cracks, broken wires, pitting corrosion and general corrosion in the ground wire. Moreover, the ultrasonic technology is used to quickly obtain the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire, and through automatic feature extraction and model matching, the manual intervention and analysis time are reduced, and the flaw detection efficiency is significantly improved.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 2 , which shows a module schematic diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detection device for a ground wire provided by an embodiment of the present application. The device includes an acquisition module 21 and a processing module 22, where

[0066] The acquisition module 21 is configured to, in response to a flaw detection operation on the target ground wire, obtain the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire through ultrasonic waves; obtain the flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data through a preprocessing operation; obtain the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation features; and obtain the target flaw detection model corresponding to the damage type to be confirmed in a preset flaw detection model database, where the preset flaw detection model database is used to store the corresponding relationship between the damage type to be confirmed and the target flaw detection model.

[0067] The processing module 22 is configured to calculate the health status indicator of the target ground wire through the flaw detection evaluation features and according to the target flaw detection model; and output the flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire according to the health status indicator.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 21 is configured to obtain the flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire through preprocessing operations, specifically including: obtaining the original waveform data, echo signal data, modal data, and phase data corresponding to the target ground wire in the flaw detection evaluation data; obtaining the signal features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the original waveform data and the echo signal data, where the signal features include time-domain features and frequency-domain features; obtaining the modal propagation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the modal data, where the modal propagation features include scattering features and attenuation features; obtaining the defect position features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the phase data; and using the signal features, modal propagation features, and defect position features as the flaw detection evaluation features.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 21 is configured to obtain the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation features, specifically including: identifying the signal change pattern of the target ground wire according to the time-domain features and frequency-domain features in the signal features; analyzing the abnormal energy propagation region in the target ground wire according to the scattering features and attenuation features in the modal propagation features; determining the spatial distribution of the signal abnormal region in the target ground wire according to the defect position features; and combining the signal change pattern, the abnormal energy propagation region, and the spatial distribution of the signal abnormal region, and identifying the damage type to be confirmed corresponding to the target ground wire based on a preset damage type discrimination method, where the damage type to be confirmed includes crack damage type, wire breakage damage type, pitting damage type, and corrosion damage type.

[0070] In a possible implementation, before the acquisition module 21 obtains the target flaw detection model corresponding to the damage type to be confirmed in the preset flaw detection model database, it is necessary to construct the target flaw detection model, specifically including: obtaining the historical flaw detection evaluation features corresponding to multiple confirmed damage types, where one confirmed damage type corresponds to one or more historical flaw detection evaluation features; constructing multiple flaw detection models corresponding to multiple confirmed damage types based on the historical flaw detection evaluation features, and the target flaw detection model is any one of the multiple flaw detection models; constructing the corresponding relationship between multiple confirmed damage types and multiple flaw detection models, where one confirmed damage type corresponds to one flaw detection model, and the multiple flaw detection models include crack flaw detection model, wire breakage flaw detection model, pitting flaw detection model, and corrosion flaw detection model; and storing the multiple confirmed damage types, multiple flaw detection models, and the corresponding relationship in the preset flaw detection model database.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the processing module 22 is configured to, when the target flaw detection model is a crack flaw detection model, evaluate the flaw detection features and calculate the health status index of the target ground wire according to the target flaw detection model, specifically including: obtaining the key crack flaw detection parameters according to the flaw detection features, where the key crack flaw detection parameters include crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack width parameter, crack shape parameter, and crack position parameter; calculating the dynamic response influence values through modal analysis and according to the crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack shape parameter, and crack width parameter, where the multiple dynamic response influence values include vibration frequency offset influence value, energy dissipation rate influence value, and signal attenuation coefficient influence value; calculating the crack damage assessment factor according to the dynamic response influence values; and calculating the health status index through multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack position parameter.

[0072] In a possible implementation, the processing module 22 is configured to calculate the health status index through multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack position parameter, specifically including:

[0073] Calculating the health status index according to the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] where H c is the health status index, λ1 and λ2 are adjustment parameters, S c is the crack damage assessment factor, P c is the crack position parameter, P critical is the preset dangerous reference position, L is the total length of the ground wire, L c is the crack length parameter, D c is the crack depth parameter, W c is the crack width parameter, L max is the maximum reference value of the crack length, D max is the maximum reference value of the crack depth, W max is the maximum reference value of the crack width, E d is the energy dissipation rate influence value, γ s is the signal attenuation coefficient influence value, Δf is the vibration frequency offset influence value, f0 is the reference vibration frequency of the target ground wire in the undamaged state, α1 to α6 are all weight coefficients, and satisfy F s is the crack shape parameter, k1 to k3 are all material-related constants, and T is the ground wire tension.

[0076] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 22 is configured to output a flaw detection result corresponding to a target ground wire according to a health status indicator, specifically including: determining whether the health status indicator is greater than a first threshold; if the health status indicator is greater than or equal to the first threshold, outputting that the flaw detection result is excellent in health status; if the health status indicator is less than the first threshold, outputting that the flaw detection result is that there is a crack damage.

[0077] It should be noted that: when the device provided in the above embodiment realizes its functions, only the division of the above function modules is used for illustration. In actual application, the above functions can be allocated to different function modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different function modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be seen in the method embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0078] This application also provides an electronic device. Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: at least one processor 301, at least one communication bus 302, a user interface 303, at least one network interface 304, and a memory 305.

[0079] Among them, the communication bus 302 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components.

[0080] Among them, the user interface 303 may include a display screen (Display) and a camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 303 may further include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0081] Among them, the network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface).

[0082] Among them, the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 connects various parts within the entire server through various interfaces and lines, and executes various functions of the server and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and by calling the data stored in the memory 305. Optionally, the processor 301 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (DSP), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 301 may integrate a combination of one or more of a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface, application programs, etc.; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen; the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 301 and may be implemented separately by a single chip.

[0083] Among them, the memory 305 may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include read-only memory. Optionally, the memory 305 includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 305 can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 305 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store instructions for implementing the operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch function, sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store the data involved in the above-mentioned method embodiments. Optionally, the memory 305 may also be at least one storage device located far from the aforementioned processor 301. Refer to Figure 3 , the memory 305, as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an ultrasonic flaw detection application program for ground wires.

[0084] In Figure 3In the electronic device shown, the user interface 303 is mainly used to provide an interface for the user to input data and obtain the data input by the user. The processor 301 can be used to call the ultrasonic flaw detection application program for the ground wire stored in the memory 305. When executed by one or more processors 301, the electronic device is caused to execute one or more of the methods as described in the above embodiments. It should be noted that for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that this application is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0085] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions. When executed by one or more processors, the electronic device is caused to execute one or more of the methods as described in the above embodiments.

[0086] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0087] In several implementation manners provided by this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some service interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be in an electrical or other form.

[0088] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0089] In addition, in each embodiment of this application, the functional units can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0090] When the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0091] The above are only exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present application, and the scope of the present application cannot be limited thereby. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application. After considering the specification and the disclosure of the practical truth, those skilled in the art will easily think of other implementation schemes of the present application.

[0092] The present application aims to cover any variations, uses, or adaptive changes of the present application, and these variations, uses, or adaptive changes follow the general principles of the present application and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not recorded in the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic flaw detection method for a ground wire, characterized in that: The method comprises: In response to a flaw detection operation on a target ground conductor, acquiring flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground conductor by ultrasonic wave; By preprocessing, obtaining the flaw detection and evaluation features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection and evaluation data; According to the flaw detection assessment feature, obtaining a to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire; Obtaining a target flaw detection model corresponding to the to-be-confirmed damage type in a preset flaw detection model database, wherein the preset flaw detection model database is used to store a corresponding relationship between the to-be-confirmed damage type and the target flaw detection model; Calculating the health status index of the target ground wire through the flaw detection evaluation feature and according to the target flaw detection model; According to the health status indicator, the flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire is output.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preprocessing operation, obtaining the flaw detection evaluation feature corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data, specifically includes: Acquire original waveform data, echo signal data, modal data and phase data corresponding to the target ground wire in the flaw detection evaluation data; Acquire signal features corresponding to the target ground wire according to the original waveform data and the echo signal data, wherein the signal features include time domain features and frequency domain features; According to the modal data, a modal propagation feature corresponding to the target ground wire is obtained, wherein the modal propagation feature includes a scattering feature and an attenuation feature; According to the phase data, a defect position feature corresponding to the target ground wire is obtained; The signal feature, the modal propagation feature and the defect position feature are used as the flaw detection evaluation feature.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The obtaining, according to the flaw detection assessment feature, a to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire specifically includes: Identify a signal change pattern of the target ground conductor according to the time domain feature and the frequency domain feature in the signal feature; Analyzing an energy propagation abnormal area in the target ground wire according to the scattering feature and the attenuation feature in the modal propagation feature; Determining the spatial distribution of the signal abnormality area in the target ground wire according to the defect position characteristics; In combination with the signal change pattern, the abnormal energy propagation area and the spatial distribution of the abnormal signal area, based on the preset damage type discrimination method, the to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire is identified, and the to-be-confirmed damage type includes a crack damage type, a broken wire damage type, a pitting damage type and a corrosion damage type.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Before obtaining the target flaw detection model corresponding to the to-be-confirmed damage type in the preset flaw detection model database, it is necessary to construct the target flaw detection model, specifically including: Acquire historical flaw detection assessment features corresponding to a plurality of confirmed damage types, wherein one confirmed damage type corresponds to one or more historical flaw detection assessment features; Based on the historical flaw detection evaluation features, multiple flaw detection models corresponding to the multiple confirmed damage types are constructed, and the target flaw detection model is any one of the multiple flaw detection models; Constructing a correspondence between a plurality of the confirmed damage types and a plurality of the flaw detection models, wherein one of the confirmed damage types corresponds to one of the flaw detection models, and the plurality of flaw detection models include a crack flaw detection model, a broken wire flaw detection model, a pitting flaw detection model, and a corrosion flaw detection model; The plurality of confirmed damage types, the plurality of flaw detection models and the corresponding relationships are stored in the preset flaw detection model database.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the target flaw detection model is the crack flaw detection model, the flaw detection evaluation feature is used and the health status index of the target ground wire is calculated according to the target flaw detection model, specifically including: According to the flaw detection evaluation characteristics, key crack flaw detection parameters are obtained, wherein the key crack flaw detection parameters include crack length parameter, crack depth parameter, crack width parameter, crack shape parameter and crack position parameter; By modal analysis, a dynamic response influence value is calculated according to the crack length parameter, the crack depth parameter, the crack shape parameter and the crack width parameter, wherein the multiple dynamic response influence values ​​include a vibration frequency offset influence value, an energy dissipation rate influence value and a signal attenuation coefficient influence value; Calculating a crack damage assessment factor according to the dynamic response influence value; The health status index is calculated by multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack location parameter.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The calculating of the health status index by multi-factor fusion according to the crack damage assessment factor and the crack location parameter specifically includes: The health status index is calculated according to the following formula: Among them, H c is the health status indicator, λ1 and λ2 are adjustment parameters, S c The crack damage assessment factor P is c is the crack location parameter, P critical is the preset dangerous reference position, L is the total length of the ground wire, L c is the crack length parameter, D c is the crack depth parameter, W c is the crack width parameter, L max is the maximum reference value of crack length, D max is the maximum reference value of crack depth, W max is the maximum reference value of crack width, E d is the energy dissipation rate influence value, γ s is the signal attenuation coefficient influence value, Δf is the vibration frequency offset influence value, f0 is the reference vibration frequency of the target ground wire in an undamaged state, α1 to α6 are all weight coefficients, and satisfy F s is the crack shape parameter, k1 to k3 are all material related constants, and T is the ground wire tension.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Outputting the flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground wire according to the health status indicator specifically includes: Determining whether the health status indicator is greater than a first threshold; If the health status index is greater than or equal to the first threshold, outputting the flaw detection result as excellent health status; If the health status indicator is less than the first threshold, the flaw detection result is output as the presence of crack damage.

8. An ultrasonic flaw detection device for ground wires, characterized in that: The device comprises an acquisition module and a processing module, wherein: The acquisition module is used to respond to the flaw detection operation on the target ground wire and acquire the flaw detection evaluation data of the target ground wire through ultrasound; acquire the flaw detection evaluation characteristics corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation data through a preprocessing operation; acquire the to-be-confirmed damage type corresponding to the target ground wire according to the flaw detection evaluation characteristics; acquire the target flaw detection model corresponding to the to-be-confirmed damage type in a preset flaw detection model database, and the preset flaw detection model database is used to store the corresponding relationship between the to-be-confirmed damage type and the target flaw detection model; The processing module is used to calculate the health status index of the target ground conductor through the flaw detection evaluation feature and according to the target flaw detection model; and output the flaw detection result corresponding to the target ground conductor according to the health status index.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a communication bus, a user interface, a network interface and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

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