Intelligent measuring unit simpler and more convenient to assemble and install

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent measuring units, in particular to an intelligent measuring unit simpler and more convenient to assemble and install, which comprises three layers of independent function printed boards which are vertically butted with a row seat through pluggable row pins, and is characterized in that a top layer printed board A is integrated with an HPLC carrier communication module and a Bluetooth communication module, and is fixedly provided with five LED indicating lamps matched with a shell; an ARM main control chip and an electric energy metering function unit are integrated on the middle layer printed board B, a multifunctional metering chip with a built-in ARMcortex-M0 core is adopted, and two paths of RS485 communication interfaces and pulse signal output interfaces are configured; the bottom layer printed board C is a power supply processing module, comprises a three-phase alternating current sampling circuit, a super capacitor management module and an HPLC coupling transformer interface, and adopts a dwarfing device layout. The structure is simplified, the number of plates is reduced from four to three, and assembling is more convenient; a pluggable design is adopted, so that debugging and maintenance are facilitated; a multifunctional metering chip is introduced, so that the performance and the expansibility are enhanced; the Bluetooth and HPLC module layout is optimized, and the communication effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent measurement units, and particularly to an intelligent measurement unit with simpler assembly and installation. Background Art

[0002] Intelligent measurement switches are widely used in fields such as electronic power and machinery to detect and control electrical signals, ensuring the stable operation of the power system. By testing and analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the measurement switch, potential problems and faults can be detected in a timely manner, providing guarantee for the safe operation of the power system. The intelligent measurement unit has multiple IoT sensing functions such as HPLC, Bluetooth, RS485 communication, high-precision AC sampling, power supply relationship expansion recognition, power outage event reporting, terminal temperature detection, and automatic fault diagnosis. It also has overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, phase loss protection, overload long delay, short circuit short delay, and short circuit instantaneous three-stage protection functions. The intelligent measurement unit is a hot-swappable module in the intelligent measurement switch, and has functions such as electric energy metering, HPLC dual-mode communication, Bluetooth communication, two RS485 communication interfaces, and a power supply processing module.

[0003] In the prior art, the measurement unit is composed of four printed boards with independent functions, Figure 1 which are respectively represented by A, B, C, and D. Among them, printed board A is an ARM processor board. The ARM communicates with the metering chip through the SPI interface, reads, writes, and controls the metering chip through software, and is also responsible for controlling the LED indicators on the panel. Printed board B is set as the metering chip board and integrates a Bluetooth communication module at the same time. It mainly processes the three-phase current and voltage sampling signals on the power supply board, accepts the operation instructions of the ARM to realize the processing of various signals such as three-phase power supply current, voltage, and frequency. It also integrates the external signal interfaces of the whole machine, that is, two RS485 communication interfaces, second pulse, active energy pulse, and reactive energy pulse signal outputs. Printed board C is an HPLC (high-speed wave communication) communication module board. Due to the limitation of the plastic shell size of the measurement unit, printed board C and power supply board D are connected vertically by non-pluggable pins. The corresponding pins on printed board C are directly soldered on power supply board D. Printed board D is the power supply board, which is responsible for accessing the three-phase AC power from the measurement switch base, rectifying and DC-DC converting to output DC voltages of +12V, +5V, and +3.3V for the whole machine to use. At the same time, there are also a supercapacitor management module, an HPLC coupling transformer interface, and signal circuits such as three-phase AC current and voltage sampling. Many of these signals need to be connected to the metering chip (board B) and the ARM (board A) processor, and are connected to printed board B through pluggable pins. Printed board B and printed board A are also connected by pluggable pins for signal distribution and connection.

[0004] This connection method has no problem in terms of functionality. However, there are some issues with the connection method between the HPLC carrier communication board C and the power supply board D. That is, the connection between C and D is non-detachable, which means that it increases the processing and assembly time as well as the difficulty of debugging and maintenance during mass production. Obviously, such an assembly structure design has certain defects. Therefore, in the spirit of simplifying complexity, we have carried out a more reasonable optimization design and improvement on the original assembly structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to propose an intelligent measurement unit with a more convenient assembly and installation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An intelligent measurement unit with a more convenient assembly and installation, including three independent functional printed circuit boards that are vertically docked through pluggable pins and sockets: The top-layer printed circuit board A integrates an HPLC carrier communication module and a Bluetooth communication module, and fixedly sets five LED indicators that match the outer shell; The middle-layer printed circuit board B integrates an ARM main control chip and an electric energy metering functional unit, uses a multi-functional metering chip with an embedded ARM cortex-M0 core, and configures two-way RS485 communication interfaces and pulse signal output interfaces; The bottom-layer printed circuit board C is a power processing module, including a three-phase AC sampling circuit, a supercapacitor management module, and an HPLC coupling transformer interface, and adopts a layout of dwarfing components.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution:

[0009] For the intelligent measurement unit with a more convenient assembly and installation as described above, the three-layer printed circuit boards achieve cross-layer signal interaction through pluggable pins. Among them, detachable electrical connections are established between the top-layer printed circuit board A and the middle-layer printed circuit board B, and between the middle-layer printed circuit board B and the bottom-layer printed circuit board C through orthogonal pin groups, and the HPLC module and the Bluetooth module adopt spatial isolation wiring on the top-layer board A to reduce signal interference.

[0010] For the intelligent measurement unit with a more convenient assembly and installation as described above, the three-phase AC sampling circuit of the bottom-layer printed circuit board C includes a three-phase voltage transformer, a current transformer, and a signal conditioning circuit. The supercapacitor management module and the HPLC coupling transformer interface are integrated in the same area of the power supply board C, and all components with a height exceeding a preset threshold are fixed in the edge area of the bottom-layer board C by dwarfing packaging or horizontal mounting methods to avoid spatial interference with the pin insertion of the upper-layer board components.

[0011] An intelligent measurement unit with easier assembly and installation as described above. The multifunctional metering chip on the intermediate layer printed circuit board B integrates an ARM Cortex-M0 core, a 256KB FLASH memory, a 48KB SRAM memory, and 7 channels of Σ-Δ ADC analog-to-digital conversion channels, supports SPI, UART, and I2C serial communication protocols, and directly connects two RS485 communication interfaces and second pulse, active / reactive energy pulse output interfaces through an internal bus to achieve the hardware integration of power metering and communication functions.

[0012] An intelligent measurement unit with easier assembly and installation as described above. The HPLC carrier communication module and the Bluetooth communication module on the top layer printed circuit board A are respectively arranged at both ends of the board surface. Physical isolation is carried out between them by reserving at least a 10mm horizontal interval or setting a shielding ground wire. The Bluetooth antenna uses on-board serpentine traces or external patch antennas, and the HPLC carrier signal is connected to the coupling interface of the bottom layer power supply board C through an independent magnetic ring coupling transformer.

[0013] An intelligent measurement unit with easier assembly and installation as described above. The five LED indicators on the top layer printed circuit board A include a power status indicator, an HPLC communication status light, a Bluetooth pairing indicator, a fault alarm light, and an energy pulse indicator. Each indicator is fixed to the outer shell panel through an embedded snap structure, and the LED drive circuit is integrated in the control unit of the HPLC carrier communication module on the top layer board A, and the mode control is carried out by the ARM main control chip on the intermediate layer board B through a pin header inserted signal line.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] By simplifying the original four printed circuit boards into three and adopting a pluggable pin header and socket docking connection method, the overall structure is significantly simplified. This improvement makes the assembly process more convenient, reduces the processing and assembly time, and improves the production efficiency.

[0016] The pluggable connection method is not only convenient for assembly, but also plays a huge role in the debugging and maintenance process. When debugging or maintenance is required, the corresponding module can be quickly disassembled and replaced without disassembling the entire device, thus greatly saving the debugging and maintenance time and improving the efficiency.

[0017] In the improved design, a multifunctional metering chip with stronger functions and more expansion functions is adopted. This chip not only meets the current function requirements, but also provides the possibility for future expansion. At the same time, integrating the metering chip and the ARM processor into one simplifies the hardware design, saves the printed circuit board surface, and further improves the performance of the whole machine.

[0018] In the improved design, the Bluetooth module and the HPLC carrier communication module are directly arranged on the top layer board. Since the top-layer printed circuit board is close to the plastic shell, the antenna signal transmission and reception are not affected, and the communication effect has been significantly improved. In addition, through reasonable layout and signal isolation measures, it is ensured that the signals between the modules do not interfere with each other, guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the whole machine.

[0019] In summary, the intelligent measurement unit solution with simpler assembly and installation of the present invention has achieved remarkable effects in aspects such as structural simplification, assembly convenience, debugging and maintenance efficiency, performance enhancement and scalability improvement, and communication effect optimization, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the power system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall assembly schematic diagram before the improvement of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the structural assembly schematic diagram after the improvement of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0022] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the term "comprising" or "having" and any variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily need to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0023] An intelligent measurement unit with simpler assembly and installation includes three independent functional printed circuit boards vertically docked through pluggable pins and sockets: the top-layer printed circuit board A integrates the HPLC carrier communication module and the Bluetooth communication module, and fixedly sets five LED indicators matching the shell; the middle-layer printed circuit board B integrates the ARM main control chip and the electric energy metering function unit, adopts a multi-functional metering chip with an embedded ARM cortex-M0 core, and configures two RS485 communication interfaces and a pulse signal output interface; the bottom-layer printed circuit board C is a power processing module, including a three-phase AC sampling circuit, a super capacitor management module and an HPLC coupling transformer interface, and adopts a layout of dwarf devices.

[0024] Among them, the three-layer printed circuit board realizes cross-layer signal interaction through pluggable pin headers. Between the top-layer printed circuit board A and the middle-layer printed circuit board B, and between the middle-layer printed circuit board B and the bottom-layer printed circuit board C, detachable electrical connections are established through orthogonal pin header groups respectively. And the HPLC module and the Bluetooth module adopt space-isolated wiring on the top-layer board A to reduce signal interference.

[0025] Specifically, the three-phase AC sampling circuit of the bottom-layer printed circuit board C includes a three-phase voltage transformer, a current transformer, and a signal conditioning circuit. The supercapacitor management module and the HPLC coupling transformer interface are integrated in the same area of the power supply board C. And all devices with a height exceeding a preset threshold are fixed in the edge area of the bottom-layer board C by means of dwarfing packaging or horizontal mounting to avoid spatial interference with the pin insertion of the upper-layer board components.

[0026] Specifically, the multi-functional metering chip on the middle-layer printed circuit board B integrates an ARM cortex-M0 core, a 256KB FLASH memory, a 48KB SRAM memory, and 7 channels of Σ-Δ ADC analog-to-digital conversion channels, supports SPI, UART, and I2C serial communication protocols, and is directly connected to two RS485 communication interfaces and second pulse, active / reactive energy pulse output interfaces through an internal bus to realize the hardware integration of power metering and communication functions.

[0027] Specifically, the HPLC carrier communication module and the Bluetooth communication module on the top-layer printed circuit board A are respectively arranged at both ends of the board surface. A physical isolation is carried out between them by reserving a horizontal interval of at least 10mm or setting a shielding ground wire. And the Bluetooth antenna adopts on-board serpentine wiring or an external patch antenna. The HPLC carrier signal is connected to the coupling interface of the bottom-layer power supply board C through an independent magnetic ring coupling transformer.

[0028] Specifically, the five LED indicators on the top-layer printed circuit board A include a power status indicator, an HPLC communication status light, a Bluetooth pairing indicator, a fault alarm light, and an energy pulse indicator. Each indicator is fixed to the outer shell panel through an embedded snap structure. And the LED drive circuit is integrated in the control unit of the HPLC carrier communication module on the top-layer board A, and the mode control is carried out by the ARM main control chip on the middle-layer board B through plugging in signal lines with pin headers.

[0029] Refer to Figure 2 , the structural assembly relationship of the improved structure becomes simple. The original four boards of the whole machine are improved to three boards, and the circuit schematic diagrams of the original four functional boards are re-optimized and designed. The three independent module boards are connected through the docking method of pluggable pin headers and sockets.

[0030] 1. Among them, the printed circuit board A is an HPLC carrier communication and newly added Bluetooth communication board, and the installation positions of the five LED indicators are kept unchanged (the plastic shell of the measurement unit has been finalized and is compatible with the indicators of the original measurement unit), which does not affect the user's usage habits.

[0031] 2. The printed circuit board B is a main control ARM and metering function board, which is compatible with the original design scheme and outputs signals externally to two RS485 interfaces.

[0032] 3. The printed circuit board C is the whole machine power supply board, which retains circuits such as three-phase voltage and current circuits, super capacitor management module, carrier coupling transformer, etc. (due to the limitation of the internal space of the machine, all high devices are arranged on the bottom layer).

[0033] For the above design changes, we adjusted and modified the design scheme. Mainly according to the signal flow direction, the pin and socket signals between boards A, B, and C were redistributed. The Bluetooth module and the HPLC carrier communication module were directly arranged on the top layer board. Since the top layer printed circuit board is close to the plastic shell, compared with the original design scheme, the antenna signal transceiver is not affected and the communication effect will be better. At the same time, when arranging the PCB board, the Bluetooth communication module and the carrier module are separated as much as possible to ensure that the signals are not interfered. On the power metering board, a multifunctional metering chip with stronger functions and more expansion functions is used. This chip integrates an ARM cortex-M0 core, 256KB FLASH, 48KB SRAM, and 7-channel Σ-Δ ADC, and can easily realize the metering of three-phase current and voltage. It has more serial interfaces and can meet the functional requirements of the measurement switch whole machine. Combining the metering chip and the ARM into one simplifies the hardware design and saves one ARM chip, thus saving the printed circuit board surface area. More importantly, arranging the metering chip board with ARM function on the middle layer can process signals more reasonably and ensure the stable and reliable performance of the whole machine. Since the functions of the power supply board C remain unchanged, the modification of the power supply board is not large, only the relevant signals of different genders are appropriately adjusted.

[0034] After such improved and optimized design, the three boards can be disassembled, assembled and spliced very conveniently, greatly improving the efficiency of debugging and maintenance and saving valuable time.

[0035] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent measuring unit with easier assembly and installation, characterized in that: It includes three layers of independent functional printed circuit boards that are vertically connected to the headers through pluggable pin headers: The top printed board A integrates the HPLC carrier communication module and the Bluetooth communication module, and is fixed with five LED indicators matching the housing; The middle layer printed circuit board B integrates the ARM main control chip and the electric energy metering functional unit, adopts a multi-function metering chip with a built-in ARMcortex-M0 core, and is equipped with two RS485 communication interfaces and a pulse signal output interface; The bottom printed circuit board C is the power processing module, which includes a three-phase AC sampling circuit, a supercapacitor management module and an HPLC coupling transformer interface, and adopts a dwarf device layout.

2. According to claim 1, the intelligent measuring unit with easier assembly and installation is characterized in that: The three-layer printed circuit board realizes cross-layer signal interaction through pluggable pin headers. Removable electrical connections are established between the top printed board A and the middle printed board B, and between the middle printed board B and the bottom printed board C through orthogonal pin headers. The HPLC module and the Bluetooth module are spatially isolated and wired on the top board A to reduce signal interference.

3. According to claim 2, the intelligent measuring unit with easier assembly and installation is characterized in that: The three-phase AC sampling circuit of the bottom printed board C includes a three-phase voltage transformer, a current transformer and a signal conditioning circuit. The supercapacitor management module and the HPLC coupling transformer interface are integrated in the same area of ​​the power board C, and all devices whose height exceeds the preset threshold are fixed in the edge area of ​​the bottom board C by dwarf packaging or horizontal mounting to avoid spatial interference with the pin header of the upper board.

4. The intelligent measuring unit with easier assembly and installation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multifunctional metering chip of the intermediate layer printed circuit board B integrates an ARMcortex-M0 core, a 256KB FLASH memory, a 48KB SRAM memory and 7 Σ-Δ ADC analog-to-digital conversion channels, supports SPI, UART, and I2C serial communication protocols, and is directly connected to two RS485 communication interfaces and second pulse and active / reactive electric energy pulse output interfaces through an internal bus, thereby realizing hardware integration of electric energy metering and communication functions.

5. The intelligent measuring unit with easier assembly and installation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The HPLC carrier communication module and the Bluetooth communication module of the top printed board A are respectively arranged at both ends of the board surface, and the two are physically isolated by reserving a horizontal interval of at least 10 mm or setting a shielded ground wire, and the Bluetooth antenna adopts an on-board serpentine routing or an external patch antenna, and the HPLC carrier signal is connected to the coupling interface of the bottom power board C through an independent magnetic ring coupling transformer.

6. The intelligent measuring unit with easier assembly and installation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The five LED indicator lights of the top printed board A include a power status indicator light, an HPLC communication status indicator light, a Bluetooth pairing indicator light, a fault alarm light and an electric energy pulse indicator light. Each indicator light is fixed to the shell panel through an embedded snap-on structure, and the LED drive circuit is integrated into the HPLC carrier communication module control unit of the top board A, and the mode is controlled by the ARM main control chip of the middle board B through the pin header signal line.

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