Hydrology and water quality online monitoring information fusion method

Abstract

A hydrology and water quality on-line monitoring information fusion method comprises the steps of monitoring mode screening, monitoring data fusion, hydrology and water quality prediction and early warning prompt, obtaining a clear monitoring target by screening out target points of hydrology and water quality monitoring, screening out a corresponding sensor based on the monitoring target, screening out emphasized data, and carrying out early warning prompt on the emphasized data. Data fusion and feature data extraction are carried out, hydrology and water quality state analysis tends to be carried out from the perspective of a comprehensive data source, and an improvement mode of a hydrology and water quality corresponding monitoring result is provided, so that comprehensive and efficient monitoring of hydrology and water quality is realized, and monitoring information of multiple sources and levels is integrated; therefore, multi-angle and comprehensive analysis of hydrology and water quality is achieved, accuracy and reliability of hydrology and water quality monitoring are improved, abnormal changes in hydrology and water quality are found in time, and hydrology and water quality abnormal state maintenance is achieved in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrological and water quality monitoring, and relates to a method for online monitoring information fusion of hydrological and water quality. Background Art

[0002] Water is a basic condition for human survival. Therefore, it is necessary to perform real-time monitoring of hydrological and water quality to ensure the purity of hydrological and water quality, maintain the drinking health of people. By integrating various data sources of hydrological and water quality monitoring, analyzing and predicting hydrological and water quality from multiple perspectives, improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring of hydrological and water quality conditions, so as to timely discover safety problems where the hydrological and water quality do not meet the standards, reduce the drinking risk, achieve all-round protection of the health of hydrological and water quality, and further ensure the sustainable utilization of water resources and the protection of quality safety.

[0003] An invention patent application with the publication number CN118709136A in the prior art discloses a method for online monitoring information fusion of hydrological and water quality. It obtains the current hydrological and water quality monitoring data sent by the watershed monitoring equipment within the preset area; performs data correction on the current hydrological and water quality monitoring data based on the target data correction model to obtain the target hydrological and water quality monitoring data; issues a warning for the watershed within the preset area based on the target hydrological and water quality monitoring data, ensuring the accuracy of warning for the watershed within the preset area. It solves the problem that sensors in the natural environment are easily interfered by factors such as bad weather, biological pollution, and water impurities, are not easy to maintain and calibrate, and the collected data usually has errors. It solves the problem of how to ensure the accuracy of the data monitored by the monitoring equipment and monitor the watershed based on the accurate monitoring data.

[0004] For the above solution, there are the following technical problems: The above invention mainly obtains the current hydrological and water quality monitoring data sent by the watershed monitoring equipment within the preset area and performs data correction on it to solve the problem of data errors. However, it does not screen out the locations corresponding to the monitoring of hydrological and water quality, and thus cannot obtain diverse and comprehensive monitoring data. At the same time, it does not start from the perspective of screening the monitoring sensors corresponding to the adaptation of hydrological and water quality. As a result, the efficiency of monitoring hydrological and water quality will be greatly reduced, and an additional step of data correction is required, which will consume a large amount of monitoring effort and time, making the monitoring cumbersome, resulting in the inability to extract the main focused data, unable to comprehensively and efficiently fuse the focused data corresponding to various aspects of hydrological and water quality, difficult to comprehensively analyze the quality status corresponding to hydrological and water quality from multiple perspectives, reducing the efficiency and effectiveness of monitoring, and failing to achieve all-round protection of the health of hydrological and water quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for online monitoring information fusion of hydrology and water quality, which combines monitoring information from multiple sources and levels, conducts multi-angle and comprehensive analysis of hydrology and water quality, improves the accuracy and reliability of hydrology and water quality monitoring, timely discovers abnormal changes in hydrology and water quality, and realizes timely maintenance of abnormal states of hydrology and water quality.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for online monitoring information fusion of hydrology and water quality, including the following steps: Step 1, monitoring method screening: By monitoring the hydrology and water quality corresponding to the current area, first screen out each target point for hydrology and water quality monitoring, and secondly screen out each placed sensor corresponding to each target point of hydrology and water quality. After the screening is completed, monitor each target point corresponding to the hydrology and water quality to obtain the monitoring information corresponding to each target point of the hydrology and water quality. Step 2, monitoring data fusion: Based on the monitoring information corresponding to each target point of hydrology and water quality, screen out each key data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, and perform corresponding data fusion on each key data to extract the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality. Step 3, hydrology and water quality prediction: Based on the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, analyze the water body monitoring results corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, and analyze the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to the hydrology and water quality. Step 4, warning prompt: When the water body state corresponding to the hydrology and water quality does not meet the standard, a warning prompt is given.

[0007] In step 1, to screen out each target point for hydrology and water quality monitoring, the specific screening process includes the following steps: P1, use imaging technology to take the basic appearance image of the hydrology and water quality corresponding to the current area, and extract basic information from the basic appearance image corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, where the basic information includes the overall tone of the water body, the water body location terrain, and the number of water body winding inflection points. P2, compare the overall tone of the water body corresponding to the hydrology and water quality with the water body tones corresponding to each historical hydrology and water quality stored in the database, and at the same time compare the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the hydrology and water quality with the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to each historical hydrology and water quality stored in the database. If the overall tone of the water body corresponding to the hydrology and water quality is the same as the water body tone corresponding to a certain historical hydrology and water quality stored in the database, and the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are the same as the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the historical hydrology and water quality stored in the database, then use each selection point corresponding to the historical hydrology and water quality during monitoring as each target point for hydrology and water quality monitoring.

[0008] In step one, select the sensors to be placed for each target point corresponding to the hydrological water quality. The specific selection process includes the following steps: W1, set a preset time period, and use big data technology to obtain the external conditions that occurred in the current area during the preset acquisition time period. The external conditions include the frequency of severe weather occurrences, the duration of severe weather, and the rapids flow velocity. Also, obtain the sensing data corresponding to each sensor used during the monitoring of each historical hydrological water quality. The sensing data includes durability value, compressive strength value, and stability value; W2, compare the severe weather values corresponding to each historical hydrological water quality with the frequency of severe weather occurrences and the duration of severe weather of the hydrological water quality. At the same time, compare the rapids flow velocity corresponding to each historical hydrological water quality with the rapids flow velocity of the hydrological water quality. If the severe weather value corresponding to a certain historical hydrological water quality is greater than or equal to the frequency of severe weather occurrences and the duration of severe weather of the hydrological water quality, and the rapids flow velocity corresponding to this historical hydrological water quality is greater than or equal to the rapids flow velocity of the hydrological water quality, then record this historical hydrological water quality as the water body to be selected, and obtain each water body to be selected; W3, comprehensively compare the durability value, compressive strength value, and stability value of each sensor corresponding to each water body to be selected, and arrange the sensors in descending order. Take the top three sensors as the sensors to be placed for each target point corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0009] In step one, obtain the monitoring information for each target point corresponding to the hydrological water quality. The specific acquisition process is as follows: During each preset monitoring time period, turn on the sensors to be placed at each target point, perform monitoring for each monitoring time period on the hydrological water quality corresponding to each target point, and record the basic data transmitted back by each sensor. The basic data includes water body data and water quality data. When the basic data of each sensor based on each monitoring time period is all transmitted, arrange and record the basic data of the hydrological water quality corresponding to each target point according to the time sequence of each monitoring time period, so as to obtain the monitoring values of the hydrological water quality corresponding to each target point.

[0010] In step two, select the respective focused data corresponding to the hydrological water quality. The specific selection process is as follows: Obtain the application requirements corresponding to the current hydrological water quality. If the application requirements corresponding to the current hydrological water quality are irrigation requirements, then obtain the respective nutrient data values in the hydrological water quality. Compare the nutrient data values of each target point corresponding to the hydrological water quality with the standard nutrient value range corresponding to irrigation water stored in the database. If the nutrient data value of a certain target point corresponding to the hydrological water quality is not within the standard nutrient value range corresponding to irrigation water stored in the database, then record the excessive nutrient data in this hydrological water quality as the focused data, and by analogy, obtain each focused data under irrigation requirements; If the application requirement corresponding to the current hydrological water quality is a drinking requirement, then obtain the numerical values of each safety data corresponding to the hydrological water quality, and compare the numerical values of each safety data corresponding to each target point of the hydrological water quality with the standard safety numerical range corresponding to the drinking water stored in the database. If the numerical value of a certain safety data corresponding to a certain target point of the hydrological water quality is not within the standard safety numerical range corresponding to the drinking water stored in the database, then record the safety data exceeding the standard in the hydrological water quality as the focused data. By analogy, obtain each focused data under the drinking requirement. To sum up, screen out each focused data corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0011] In step two, perform corresponding data fusion on each focused data. The specific fusion process is as follows: Use the fusion algorithm to fuse each focused data corresponding to the hydrological water quality. By performing standardization processing on each focused data, after the processing is completed, merge each focused data into the large dataset, and organize the data using a hierarchical data structure. At the same time, set the weights of each focused data, and assign weights according to the sensor accuracy corresponding to each focused data, so as to complete the fusion of each focused data corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0012] In step two, obtain the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrological water quality. The specific extraction process is as follows: By using the clustering algorithm on each focused data after weighted assignment, further obtain the corresponding similar sample groups among each focused data, and extract the water body trend characteristics shown by the corresponding similar sample groups of each focused data. Take the extracted water body trend characteristics as the characteristic data corresponding to the current hydrological water quality, so as to extract the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0013] In step three, analyze and obtain the water body monitoring result corresponding to the hydrological water quality. The specific analysis process is as follows: Input the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrological water quality into the hydrological water quality problem assessment model, and then predict the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological water quality. If the analysis result of the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the water level water quality is 1, then determine that the water body state corresponding to the hydrological water quality does not meet the standard and has a tendency to water body variation, and perform corresponding water body problem improvement measures on the hydrological water quality. If the analysis result of the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the water level water quality is 0, then determine that the water body state corresponding to the hydrological water quality meets the standard, and perform corresponding balance measures on the focused data exceeding the standard corresponding to the hydrological water quality, so as to analyze and obtain the result corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0014] Predict the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological water quality. The specific prediction process is as follows: Through the calculation formula ; predict the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological water quality , is the dynamic change rate corresponding to the hydrological water quality, is the increase in water body variation corresponding to hydrology and water quality, , are the weight factors of the dynamic change rate and the weight factor of the increase in water body variation respectively, is the reference water body problem parameter corresponding to hydrology and water quality, , .

[0015] In step three, analyze the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality. The specific analysis process is as follows: C1. Compare the water body evaluation coefficient corresponding to hydrology and water quality with the water body evaluation coefficients corresponding to each historical water body problem stored in the database. If the water body evaluation coefficient corresponding to hydrology and water quality is the same as the water body evaluation coefficient corresponding to a certain historical water body problem stored in the database, then use the improvement measures corresponding to this historical water body problem as the improvement method for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality; C2. Take balance measures such as river diversion, vegetation planting or additive addition for hydrology and water quality, and turn on each sensor to monitor the numerical values of the focused data corresponding to hydrology and water quality at all times. When the numerical values of the focused data corresponding to hydrology and water quality are the same as the standard numerical values of the focused water body stored in the database, the balance of the focused data corresponding to hydrology and water quality is completed. Based on the above, analyze the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality.

[0016] The main beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By screening each target point for hydrology and water quality monitoring, a clear monitoring target is obtained. Secondly, based on the monitoring target, the corresponding sensors are screened out, and each focused data is screened out, and data fusion is performed to extract characteristic data. Then, from the perspective of the comprehensive data source, the status analysis of hydrology and water quality is carried out, and the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality are proposed, so as to realize the comprehensive and efficient monitoring of hydrology and water quality, integrate monitoring information from multiple sources and levels, so as to realize the multi-angle and comprehensive analysis of hydrology and water quality, improve the accuracy and reliability of hydrology and water quality monitoring, timely discover abnormal changes in hydrology and water quality, realize the maintenance of abnormal states of hydrology and water quality in a timely manner, effectively protect water resources, improve the utilization rate of water resources, and further ensure the application and drinking of water resources.

[0017] By screening each target point for hydrology and water quality monitoring, a clear monitoring target is obtained. Secondly, based on the monitoring target, the corresponding sensors are screened out, so as to realize the comprehensive and efficient monitoring of hydrology and water quality, integrate monitoring information from multiple sources and levels, so as to realize the multi-angle and comprehensive analysis of hydrology and water quality, realize a more comprehensive understanding of the basic conditions of the current water body corresponding to hydrology and water quality, provide a solid data support basis for subsequent analysis of the state corresponding to hydrology and water quality, and improve the accuracy and reliability of hydrology and water quality monitoring.

[0018] Based on the monitoring information of hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point, further screen out the data with different emphases, perform corresponding data fusion, extract characteristic data, and tend to analyze the execution status of hydrology and water quality from the perspective of comprehensive data sources, avoiding the one-sidedness of analysis results caused by single data source, improving the monitoring efficiency of hydrology and water quality, effectively avoiding the problem that the monitoring task cannot be completed due to sensor damage during the monitoring of hydrology and water quality, timely discovering abnormal changes in hydrology and water quality, so as to realize timely maintenance and prevention of abnormal states of hydrology and water quality, and ensuring the effective monitoring of hydrology and water quality.

[0019] According to the characteristic data corresponding to hydrology and water quality, analyze the water body monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality, and at the same time analyze the improvement methods of the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality, so as to realize the comprehensive maintenance of hydrology and water quality, further protect water resources, improve the availability and sustainability of water resources, ensure the water resource needs of agriculture, industry and daily life, and alleviate the impact of climate change on the environment. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] As Figure 1 , Step 1, Screening of Monitoring Modes: By monitoring the hydrology and water quality corresponding to the current area, first screen out each target point for hydrology and water quality monitoring, and secondly screen out each sensor placed at each target point corresponding to hydrology and water quality. After the screening is completed, monitor each target point corresponding to hydrology and water quality to obtain the monitoring information of each target point corresponding to hydrology and water quality; Step 2, Monitoring Data Fusion: Based on the monitoring information of each target point corresponding to hydrology and water quality, screen out the data with different emphases corresponding to hydrology and water quality, and perform corresponding data fusion on the data with different emphases to extract the characteristic data corresponding to hydrology and water quality; Step 3, Prediction of Hydrology and Water Quality: Based on the characteristic data corresponding to hydrology and water quality, analyze the water body monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality, and analyze the improvement methods of the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality; Step 4, Early Warning Prompt: When the water body state corresponding to hydrology and water quality does not meet the standard, give an early warning prompt.

[0023] Example 1 Step 1. Monitoring method screening: By monitoring the hydrological and water quality of the current area, first screen out each target point for hydrological and water quality monitoring, and then screen out each sensor placed at each target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality. After the screening is completed, monitor each target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality to obtain the monitoring information of each target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality.

[0024] It should be noted that each target point includes the water surface, underwater, water body inflection points, and water body source. Among them, the underwater area is divided into the middle position and the bottom position of the water body. For example, the middle position is 2.7 and the bottom position is 3.7.

[0025] As an optional implementation method, the specific screening process for screening out each target point for hydrological and water quality monitoring is as follows: P1. Use camera technology to take a basic appearance image of the hydrological and water quality corresponding to the current area, and extract basic information from the basic appearance image corresponding to the hydrological and water quality. The basic information includes the overall color tone of the water body, the water body location terrain, and the number of water body winding inflection points.

[0026] P2. Compare the overall color tone of the water body corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the water body color tones stored in the database for each historical hydrological and water quality. At the same time, also compare the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points stored in the database for each historical hydrological and water quality. If the overall color tone of the water body corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is the same as the water body color tone of a certain historical hydrological and water quality stored in the database, and the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the hydrological and water quality are the same as the water body location terrain and the number of water body winding inflection points of the historical hydrological and water quality stored in the database, then use each selection point corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring as each target point for hydrological and water quality monitoring.

[0027] It should be noted that obtain the collection time periods set for each historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring from the database, and then comprehensively count the number of times of the collection times corresponding to each historical hydrological and water quality, and arrange them in descending order of the number of times. Use the collection times of the top five rankings as the acquisition time reference for the current hydrological and water quality monitoring, and set a preset time period accordingly. Severe weather includes heavy rain and strong winds, etc.

[0028] It should be noted that comprehensively compare the durability values, compressive resistance values, and stability values of each sensor corresponding to each water body to be selected. Comprehensive means the average value obtained by adding the three values of durability value, compressive resistance value, and stability value and then dividing by the number of added values.

[0029] It should be noted that the start time and failure time of each application corresponding to each sensor are obtained from the database for each historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring. The start time of application is subtracted from the failure time to obtain the service life corresponding to each sensor, and the service life is used as the service life value corresponding to each sensor. The failure times and repairable failure times corresponding to each sensor are obtained from the database for each historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring. The failure times are subtracted from the repairable failure times to obtain the compressive strength value corresponding to each sensor. The monitoring values output by each sensor are obtained from the database for each historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring. According to the output speed between the monitoring values, the average output speed is obtained, and the average output speed is used as the stability value corresponding to each sensor.

[0030] It should be noted that placing sensors at each target point corresponding to hydrological and water quality means placing the top three sensors together at each target point of hydrological and water quality to ensure multiple monitoring guarantees for hydrological and water quality monitoring and obtain each data source for monitoring.

[0031] It should be noted that each placed sensor includes a float type, a pressure type, an ultrasonic type, an electromagnetic flowmeter, an ultrasonic flowmeter, a tipping bucket rain gauge, a PH sensor, a biochemical oxygen demand sensor, a chemical oxygen demand sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a heavy metal concentration sensor, etc.

[0032] Embodiment 2 As an optional implementation manner, the specific screening process for screening out each placed sensor corresponding to each target point of hydrological and water quality is as follows: W1. Set a preset time period, and use big data technology to obtain the external situations that occur in the current area during the preset acquisition time period. The external situations include the frequency of occurrence of severe weather, the duration of severe weather, and the rapid flow velocity, and obtain the sensing data corresponding to each sensor for each historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring. The sensing data includes the service life value, the compressive strength value, and the stability value.

[0033] W2. Compare the severe weather values corresponding to each historical hydrological and water quality with the frequency of occurrence of severe weather and the duration of severe weather of the hydrological and water quality. At the same time, compare the rapid flow velocity corresponding to each historical hydrological and water quality with the rapid flow velocity of the hydrological and water quality. If the severe weather value corresponding to a certain historical hydrological and water quality is greater than or equal to the frequency of occurrence of severe weather and the duration of severe weather of the hydrological and water quality, and the rapid flow velocity corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality is greater than or equal to the rapid flow velocity of the hydrological and water quality, then record the historical hydrological and water quality as the water body to be selected, and obtain each water body to be selected.

[0034] W3. Comprehensively compare the service life value, the compressive strength value, and the stability value of each sensor corresponding to each water body to be selected, and arrange the sensors in descending order. The top three sensors are used as each placed sensor corresponding to each target point of hydrological and water quality.

[0035] It should be noted that the water body data includes water level, flow rate, flow velocity, precipitation, evaporation, etc., and the water quality data includes pH value, temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, total dissolved solids, heavy metal concentration, microorganism content, organic pollutants, salinity, chromaticity, etc.

[0036] Embodiment 3 As an alternative implementation method, the process of obtaining the monitoring information of the hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point is as follows: within each preset monitoring period, turn on each sensor placed at each target point, perform the monitoring of each monitoring period on the hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point, and record the basic data transmitted back by each sensor, where the basic data includes water body data and water quality data. When the basic data of each sensor based on each monitoring time period is all transmitted, arrange and record the basic data of the hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point according to the time sequence of each monitoring period, so as to obtain the monitoring values of the hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point.

[0037] By screening out each target point of the hydrology and water quality monitoring, a clear monitoring target is obtained. Secondly, based on the monitoring target, the corresponding sensors are screened out, so as to realize the comprehensive and efficient monitoring of the hydrology and water quality. Combine the monitoring information from multiple sources and levels, so as to realize the multi-angle and comprehensive analysis of the hydrology and water quality, and achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the basic conditions of the current water body corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, providing a solid data support basis for the subsequent analysis of the state corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the hydrology and water quality monitoring.

[0038] Step 2: Monitoring data fusion: Based on the monitoring information of the hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point, screen out the respective focused data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, and perform corresponding data fusion on the respective focused data to extract the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality.

[0039] It should be noted that each nutrient data value includes element type, oxygen demand type, and flow rate.

[0040] It should be noted that each safety data value includes microorganism type, hue type, flow velocity, and metal type.

[0041] It should be noted that the respective focused data corresponding to the drinking demand include chromaticity, turbidity, microorganism content, flow velocity, and heavy metal concentration, and the respective focused data corresponding to the irrigation demand include pH value, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen content, and flow rate.

[0042] It should be noted that the standard nutrient value range and the standard safety value range are currently well-known knowledge, and can be obtained and applied through big data search.

[0043] It should be noted that the characteristic data includes the dynamic change rate and the water body anomaly increase.

[0044] It should be noted that the incorporation algorithms include the weighted average method, the Kalman filtering method, etc.

[0045] Example 4 As an alternative implementation, the process of screening out the respective key data corresponding to the hydrological water quality is as follows: Obtain the application requirements corresponding to the current hydrological water quality. If the application requirement corresponding to the current hydrological water quality is an irrigation requirement, then obtain the respective nutrient data values corresponding to the hydrological water quality. Compare the respective nutrient data values corresponding to each target point of the hydrological water quality with the standard nutrient value range corresponding to the irrigation water stored in the database. If a certain nutrient data value corresponding to a certain target point of the hydrological water quality is not within the standard nutrient value range corresponding to the irrigation water stored in the database, then record the excessive nutrient data in the hydrological water quality as the key data, and by analogy, obtain the respective key data under the irrigation requirement; If the application requirement corresponding to the current hydrological water quality is a drinking requirement, then obtain the respective safety data values corresponding to the hydrological water quality. Compare the respective safety data values corresponding to each target point of the hydrological water quality with the standard safety value range corresponding to the drinking water stored in the database. If a certain safety data value corresponding to a certain target point of the hydrological water quality is not within the standard safety value range corresponding to the drinking water stored in the database, then record the excessive safety data in the hydrological water quality as the key data, and by analogy, obtain the respective key data under the drinking requirement. To sum up, the respective key data corresponding to the hydrological water quality are screened out.

[0046] Example 5 As an alternative implementation, the process of performing corresponding data fusion on the respective key data is as follows: Use the fusion algorithm to fuse the respective key data corresponding to the hydrological water quality. By performing standardization processing on the respective key data, after the processing is completed, merge the respective key data into the large dataset, and organize the data using a hierarchical data structure. At the same time, set the weights of the respective key data, and perform weight corresponding assignment according to the sensor accuracy corresponding to the respective key data, so as to complete the fusion of the respective key data corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0047] Example 6 As an alternative implementation, the process of extracting the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrological water quality is as follows: Use the clustering algorithm on the respective key data after weighted assignment, and then obtain the corresponding similar sample groups among the respective key data, and extract the water body trend characteristics shown by the respective key data corresponding to the similar sample groups. Take the extracted water body trend characteristics as the characteristic data corresponding to the current hydrological water quality, so as to extract the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrological water quality.

[0048] It should be noted that clustering algorithms include partitioning methods, hierarchical methods, and density algorithms, etc. Partitioning methods include K-MEANS algorithm, K-MEDOIDS algorithm, and CLARANS algorithm, etc. Hierarchical methods include BIRCH algorithm, CURE algorithm, and CHAMELEON algorithm, etc. Density algorithms include DBSCAN algorithm, OPTICS algorithm, and DENCLUE algorithm, etc.

[0049] Based on the monitoring information of hydrology and water quality corresponding to each target point, further screen out the data with different emphases, perform corresponding data fusion, extract characteristic data, and tend to analyze the execution status of hydrology and water quality from the perspective of comprehensive data sources, avoiding the one-sidedness of analysis results caused by single data source, improving the monitoring efficiency of hydrology and water quality, effectively avoiding the problem that the monitoring task cannot be completed due to sensor damage during the monitoring of hydrology and water quality, and timely discovering abnormal changes in hydrology and water quality, so as to realize timely maintenance and prevention of abnormal states of hydrology and water quality, and ensure the effective monitoring of hydrology and water quality.

[0050] Step 3: Prediction of hydrology and water quality: Based on the characteristic data corresponding to hydrology and water quality, analyze the obtained water body monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality, and analyze the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality.

[0051] Example 7, As an alternative implementation method, the specific analysis process for the obtained water body monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality is as follows: Input the characteristic data corresponding to hydrology and water quality into the hydrology and water quality problem assessment model, and then predict the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to hydrology and water quality. If the analysis result of the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to water level and water quality is 1, it is determined that the water body state corresponding to hydrology and water quality does not meet the standard and there is a tendency towards water body variation, and corresponding water body problem improvement measures are implemented for hydrology and water quality. If the analysis result of the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to water level and water quality is 0, it is determined that the water body state corresponding to hydrology and water quality meets the standard, and corresponding balance measures can be implemented for the data with different emphases corresponding to hydrology and water quality that exceed the standard, so as to analyze the results corresponding to hydrology and water quality in this way.

[0052] Example 8, As an alternative implementation method, the specific prediction process for the predicted water body assessment coefficient corresponding to hydrology and water quality is as follows: Through the calculation formula , predict the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to hydrology and water quality , is the dynamic change rate corresponding to hydrology and water quality, is the water body variation increase corresponding to hydrology and water quality, , are the weight factors of the dynamic change rate and the weight factor of the water body variation increase respectively, is the reference water body problem parameter corresponding to hydrology and water quality, , 。

[0053] It should be noted that when obtaining the water body parameters corresponding to each historical hydrological and water quality monitoring from the database, the water body parameters corresponding to each time of water body to be treated are calculated based on the average value, and the average water body parameters corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality are obtained, and the average water body parameters corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality are used as the reference water body problem parameters.

[0054] It should be noted that the weight factors of the dynamic change rate and the weight factors of the water body variation increase are obtained through factor analysis. First, the information of the dynamic change rate and the water body variation increase is concentrated, and then the corresponding variance explanation rate is obtained, and then divided by the variance explanation rate to obtain the corresponding weight.

[0055] It should also be noted that information concentration refers to condensing multiple analysis items into several key general indicators. The variance explanation rate refers to the contribution degree of each principal component or factor to the total variance, usually expressed as a percentage, indicating how much of the original data information is contained in the factor.

[0056] Example 9 As an alternative implementation method, the specific analysis process for analyzing the improvement method corresponding to the hydrological and water quality monitoring results is as follows: C1. Compare the water body evaluation coefficient corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the water body evaluation coefficients corresponding to each historical water body problem in the database. If the water body evaluation coefficient corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is the same as the water body evaluation coefficient corresponding to a certain historical water body problem in the database, then the improvement measure corresponding to the historical water body problem is used as the improvement method for the hydrological and water quality corresponding monitoring results.

[0057] C2. Take balanced measures such as river diversion, vegetation planting or adding modifiers to the hydrological and water quality, and turn on each sensor to monitor the numerical values of the key data corresponding to the hydrological and water quality at all times. When the numerical values of the key data corresponding to the hydrological and water quality are the same as the numerical values of the key water body standards stored in the database, the balance of the key data corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is completed. Based on the above, the improvement method corresponding to the hydrological and water quality corresponding monitoring results is analyzed.

[0058] It should be noted that the modifiers include hydrofluoric acid, microbial populations, lime, aluminum sulfate, activated carbon, zeolite, etc.

[0059] It should be noted that the numerical values of the key water body standards are currently known knowledge and can be obtained and applied through big data search.

[0060] Based on the characteristic data corresponding to hydrology and water quality, the water body monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality are analyzed. At the same time, the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality are analyzed, so as to achieve the comprehensive maintenance of hydrology and water quality, further protect water resources, improve the availability and sustainability of water resources, ensure the water resource needs of agriculture, industry and daily life, and alleviate the impact of climate change on the environment.

[0061] Step Four: Early Warning Prompt: When the water body status corresponding to hydrology and water quality does not meet the standard, an early warning prompt is given.

[0062] In the above method, by screening each target point of hydrology and water quality monitoring, a clear monitoring target is obtained. Secondly, based on the monitoring target, the corresponding sensors are screened, and each focused data is screened for data fusion to extract characteristic data. Then, from the perspective of the comprehensive data source, the status analysis of hydrology and water quality is carried out, and the improvement methods for the monitoring results corresponding to hydrology and water quality are proposed, so as to achieve the comprehensive and efficient monitoring of hydrology and water quality, integrate the monitoring information from multiple sources and levels, so as to achieve the multi-angle and comprehensive analysis of hydrology and water quality, improve the accuracy and reliability of hydrology and water quality monitoring, timely discover the abnormal changes in hydrology and water quality, realize the timely maintenance of the abnormal state of hydrology and water quality, effectively guarantee water resources, improve the utilization rate of water resources, and further ensure the application and drinking of water resources.

[0063] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments and the features in the embodiments in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information fusion, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Screening of monitoring methods: By monitoring the hydrology and water quality corresponding to the current area, firstly, the target points for hydrology and water quality monitoring are screened out, and then the sensors placed at the target points corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are screened out. When the screening is completed, the target points corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are monitored to obtain the monitoring information of the target points corresponding to the hydrology and water quality; Step 2: Monitoring data fusion: Based on the monitoring information of each target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality, the various focus data corresponding to the hydrological and water quality are screened out, and the various focus data are fused accordingly to extract the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrological and water quality; Step 3: Hydrology and water quality prediction: Based on the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, analyze the water body monitoring results corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, and analyze the improvement methods of the monitoring results corresponding to the hydrology and water quality; Step 4: Early warning: Issue an early warning when the water status corresponding to the hydrological and water quality does not meet the standards.

2. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, the target points for hydrological and water quality monitoring are screened out. The specific screening process includes the following steps: P1, use camera technology to capture the basic appearance images of the hydrology and water quality of the current area, and extract basic information from the basic appearance images corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, where the basic information includes the overall color tone of the water body, the location and topography of the water body, and the number of winding turning points of the water body; P2, compare the overall water body color tone corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the water body color tone corresponding to each historical hydrological and water quality stored in the database, and also compare the water body location, topography and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the water body location, topography and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to each historical hydrological and water quality stored in the database. If the overall water body color tone corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is the same as the water body color tone corresponding to a certain historical hydrological and water quality stored in the database, and the water body location, topography and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the hydrological and water quality are the same as the water body location, topography and the number of water body winding inflection points corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality stored in the database, then the selected points corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality during monitoring are used as the target points for hydrological and water quality monitoring.

3. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, the sensors placed at each target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality are screened and obtained. The specific screening process includes the following steps: W1, set a preset time period, and use big data technology to obtain the external conditions in the current area during the preset acquisition period, where the external conditions include the frequency of severe weather, the duration of severe weather and the flow rate of rapids, and obtain the sensor data corresponding to each sensor used in the monitoring of historical hydrological water quality, where the sensor data includes durability value, pressure resistance value and stability value; W2, compare the bad weather value corresponding to each historical hydrological water quality with the frequency of bad weather and the duration of bad weather of the hydrological water quality, and also compare the rapid flow rate corresponding to each historical hydrological water quality with the rapid flow rate of the hydrological water quality. If the bad weather value corresponding to a certain historical hydrological water quality is greater than or equal to the frequency of bad weather and the duration of bad weather of the hydrological water quality, and the rapid flow rate corresponding to the historical hydrological water quality is greater than or equal to the rapid flow rate of the hydrological water quality, then the historical hydrological water quality is recorded as the water body to be selected, and each water body to be selected is obtained; W3, and comprehensively compare the durability value, pressure resistance value and stability value of each sensor corresponding to each water body to be selected, and arrange the sensors in order from high to low, and use the top three sensors as the placement sensors corresponding to each target point of hydrological and water quality.

4. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, the monitoring information of hydrological and water quality corresponding to each target point is obtained. The specific acquisition process is as follows: During each preset monitoring period, the sensors placed at each target point are turned on, and the monitoring of each hydrological and water quality target point corresponding to each monitoring period is performed, and the basic data sent back by each sensor is recorded, where the basic data includes water body data and water quality data. When each sensor has completed the transmission of the basic data based on each monitoring time period, the basic data of the hydrological and water quality corresponding to each target point are arranged and recorded according to the time series of each monitoring period, so as to obtain the monitoring values ​​of the hydrological and water quality corresponding to each target point.

5. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are screened out. The specific screening process is as follows: Obtain the application demand corresponding to the current hydrological and water quality. If the application demand corresponding to the current hydrological and water quality is irrigation demand, obtain the corresponding nutrient data values ​​in the hydrological and water quality, and compare the nutrient data values ​​of each target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the standard nutrient value range corresponding to the irrigation water stored in the database. If the nutrient data value of a target point corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is not within the standard nutrient value range corresponding to the irrigation water stored in the database, the nutrient data exceeding the standard in the hydrological and water quality is recorded as the emphasis data, and the emphasis data under the irrigation demand is obtained by analogy through this comparison; If the application demand corresponding to the current hydrological and water quality is drinking demand, then the corresponding safety data values ​​in the hydrological and water quality are obtained, and the safety data values ​​corresponding to each target point of the hydrological and water quality are compared with the standard safety value range corresponding to the drinking water stored in the database. If a certain safety data value corresponding to a target point of the hydrological and water quality is not within the standard safety value range corresponding to the drinking water stored in the database, then the safety data that exceeds the standard in the hydrological and water quality is recorded as the focus data, and the focus data under the drinking demand are obtained by comparison and analogy. Based on the above, the focus data corresponding to the hydrological and water quality are screened out.

6. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the data of each focus are fused accordingly. The specific fusion process is as follows: The fusion algorithm is used to fuse the various focus data corresponding to hydrology and water quality. After the processing is completed, the various focus data are merged into a large data set, and a hierarchical data structure is used to organize the data. At the same time, the weight of each focus data is set, and the corresponding weight is assigned according to the sensor accuracy corresponding to each focus data, so as to complete the fusion of the various focus data corresponding to hydrology and water quality.

7. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are obtained. The specific extraction process is as follows: By using a clustering algorithm on each focus data after weighted assignment, we can obtain the similar sample groups corresponding to each focus data, and extract the water body trend characteristics shown by the similar sample groups corresponding to each focus data. The extracted water body trend characteristics are used as the characteristic data corresponding to the current hydrology and water quality, so as to extract the characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality.

8. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step three, the water body monitoring results corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are analyzed and obtained. The specific analysis process is as follows: The characteristic data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality are input into the hydrology and water quality problem assessment model, and then the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrology and water quality is predicted. If the analysis result of the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the water level and water quality is 1, it is judged that the water body state corresponding to the hydrology and water quality does not meet the standard and has a tendency towards water body abnormality, and the corresponding water body problem improvement measures are implemented for the hydrology and water quality. If the analysis result of the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the water level and water quality is 0, it is judged that the water body state corresponding to the hydrology and water quality meets the standard, and the corresponding balancing measures are implemented for the emphasis data corresponding to the excessive hydrology and water quality, so as to analyze and obtain the corresponding results of the hydrology and water quality.

9. The method for online monitoring of hydrology and water quality according to claim 8 is characterized by: The water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is predicted. The specific prediction process is as follows: By calculating the formula ; Predict the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological and water quality , is the dynamic change rate corresponding to hydrology and water quality, is the increase in water body abnormality corresponding to hydrology and water quality, , They are the weight factors of the dynamic change rate and the weight factors of the water body abnormality increase, is the reference water body problem parameter corresponding to the hydrology and water quality, , .

10. The method for online monitoring of hydrological and water quality information according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the improvement methods of the hydrological and water quality corresponding monitoring results are analyzed. The specific analysis process is as follows: C1, compare the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological and water quality with the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to each historical water body problem of hydrological and water quality stored in the database. If the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to the hydrological and water quality is the same as the water body assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain historical water body problem of hydrological and water quality stored in the database, then the improvement measures corresponding to the historical water body problem will be used as the improvement method for the corresponding monitoring results of hydrological and water quality; C2, take balancing measures such as river diversion, planting vegetation or adding modifiers for hydrology and water quality, and turn on each sensor to monitor the emphasis data value corresponding to the hydrology and water quality at all times. When the emphasis data value corresponding to the hydrology and water quality is the same as the emphasis water body standard value stored in the database, the balance of the emphasis data corresponding to the hydrology and water quality is completed. Based on the above, analyze the improvement methods of the monitoring results corresponding to the hydrology and water quality.

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