An energy-consuming rocking classification pier structure system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pier structural system for energy-consuming rocking classification, belonging to the technical field of bridge engineering. A plurality of energy-consuming structures are provided to consume energy for the pier structure under seismic actions of different levels. A variety of energy-consuming elements and devices are distributed in different parts of the bridge to form a hierarchical energy-consuming rocking cooperative working system, enabling the pier to effectively absorb and dissipate seismic energy under seismic actions, reducing the damage to the main structure, enhancing the seismic resistance of the pier structure and the recoverability of post-earthquake functions, and reducing the damage to the main pier structure; and allowing the bridge pier columns to extend the structural period during rocking, protecting the pier structure, reducing residual displacement, and cooperating with replaceable energy-consuming components to greatly reduce the post-earthquake repair cost and time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a pier structure system with energy-dissipating rocking grading. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing impact of earthquake disasters on human society, in modern bridge engineering, seismic performance is one of the key factors to be considered in design and construction. Traditional pier structures often face a high risk of damage under earthquake action. Since pier structures mostly adopt rigid connections, they are prone to severe plastic deformation and damage under earthquake action, which may lead to the overall failure of the bridge, thus affecting the post-earthquake traffic efficiency and the smoothness of lifelines.

[0003] Traditional bridge seismic design mainly focuses on "ductility design", which allows plastic hinges to form at the bottom of the piers to dissipate energy. However, this method has problems such as significant residual displacement and high repair costs. Especially for high-intensity areas or soft soil foundations, traditional piers are prone to overall instability due to the crushing of concrete in the plastic hinge area, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of "toughness" and "function recoverability" in modern engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pier structure system with energy-dissipating rocking grading, which can play a seismic isolation role through the controllable rocking movement of the piers and can concentrate the plastic deformation of the energy-dissipating device to absorb energy, thereby protecting the main structure and reducing damage.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention includes a capping beam. Under the capping beam of the same segment, there are two piers supporting the capping beam. It also includes a pile cap supporting the piers. A notch is opened on the top surface of the pier. An energy-dissipating bearing is arranged in the notch. The height of the energy-dissipating bearing is higher than the top surface of the pier. The energy-dissipating bearing supports on the bottom surface of the capping beam. A energy-dissipating cross beam is connected between the middle parts of the two piers. A friction steel plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the pier. The friction steel plate is in frictional sliding contact with the top surface of the pile cap.

[0007] The cam is fixed on the bottom surface of the support frame, and the cam is fixed on the bottom surface of the support frame. The cam is fixed on the top surface of the support frame, and a plurality of swing steel plates are provided on the upper side of the support frame. The bottom of the swing steel plate is an arc structure, and the bottom of the swing steel plate is supported by the support lower steel plate. The bottom two ends of the swing steel plate are respectively provided with traction structures, and the traction structures pull the swing steel plate and the support lower steel plate at a fixed distance. The bottom surface of the beam bottom connecting steel plate is fixed with a support upper steel plate, and the bottom side of the support upper steel plate is also provided with a plurality of upper fixed steel plates. The plurality of upper fixed steel plates and the swing steel plates are arranged at a fixed distance, and also include a pin shaft, which passes through the upper fixed steel plate and the swing steel plate in sequence, and the gap between the upper fixed steel plate and the swing steel plate is supported by an energy-absorbing disc spring that applies preload force.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom ends of the rocking steel plate are provided with upwardly inclined chutes, and the traction structure includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft. The upper shaft sequentially passes through the chutes, and the lower shaft extends from both sides of the support lower steel plate. An energy-absorbing cylinder is connected between the ends of the upper and lower shafts. The upper and lower ends of the energy-absorbing cylinder are rotatably connected to the upper and lower shaft ends respectively. The upper and lower ends of the energy-absorbing cylinder are fixedly connected to the traction springs inside, and a separation score is provided on the side of the middle of the energy-absorbing cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an anchoring part, which includes a suspension beam block fixed on the supporting platform, and the suspension beam block is partially located above both sides of the sliding direction of the friction steel plate when shaking. A threaded column is threadedly connected to the suspension beam block, and a plurality of stacked support disc springs are provided at the end of the threaded column. The threaded column is rotated to press the support disc spring on the top surface of the friction steel plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing beam includes a concrete segment and energy-absorbing dampers arranged at both ends of the concrete segment. The energy-absorbing dampers include a connecting plate connected to the side surface of the pier and the end surface of the concrete segment and an energy-absorbing steel plate supported between the two connecting plates. A plurality of oblong holes are provided on the energy-absorbing steel plate.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] The present invention sets up multiple energy-absorbing structures to absorb energy of the pier structure under different levels of earthquakes. Under smaller vibrations, the cap beam first moves sideways, and the energy-absorbing supports supporting the cap beam absorb energy of the entire pier structure. Under medium vibrations, the energy-absorbing supports are damaged, and the cap beam falls to the top surface of the pier and is supported by the top surface of the pier. The bottom of the pier absorbs energy by the lateral movement of the friction steel plate and the bottom of the pier. The pier and the energy-absorbing beam deform elastically as a whole to dissipate earthquake energy. Under large earthquakes, the displacement of the pier structure system continues to increase. After the swinging pier reaches the pressure relief limit, The bridge piers begin to swing after overcoming the friction of the steel plates. This structure distributes a variety of energy-absorbing elements and devices at different parts of the bridge to form a graded energy-absorbing and swinging collaborative working system, which enables the bridge piers to effectively absorb and dissipate seismic energy under the action of an earthquake, reducing damage to the main structure, enhancing the seismic resistance of the bridge pier structure and the recoverability of its post-earthquake function, and reducing damage to the main pier structure. It also allows the bridge pier columns to extend the structural period during swinging, protect the pier structure, and reduce residual displacement. Combined with replaceable energy-absorbing components, it greatly reduces the cost and time of post-earthquake repair.

[0013] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pier structure system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line B of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-dissipating support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of an energy-consuming cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] The reference signs in the drawings are as follows: 1, capping beam; 2, bridge pier; 21, notch; 3, bearing platform; 4, energy-dissipating bearing; 41, steel connecting plate at beam bottom; 42, steel connecting plate at pier top; 43, steel plate under the bearing; 44, rocking steel plate; 441, sliding groove; 45, traction structure; 451, upper shaft; 452, lower shaft; 453, energy-dissipating cylinder; 4531, separation scratch; 454, traction spring; 46, steel plate on the bearing; 47, upper fixing steel plate; 48, pin shaft; 49, energy-dissipating disc spring; 5, energy-dissipating cross beam; 51, concrete segment; 52, energy-dissipating damper; 521, connecting plate; 522, energy-dissipating steel plate; 6, friction steel plate; 7, anchoring part; 71, cantilever block; 72, threaded column; 73, supporting disc spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The present invention discloses an energy-dissipating rocking and grading bridge pier structure system. As Figure 1 shown, it includes a capping beam 1. Under the same segment of the capping beam 1, there are two bridge piers 2 supporting the capping beam 1. It also includes a bearing platform 3 supporting the bridge piers 2. A notch 21 is opened on the top surface of the bridge pier 2. The top section of the bridge pier 2 is enlarged to facilitate effective support. Except for the enlarged interface at the top, the bridge pier 2 can have a rectangular cross-section. The vertical surface of the enlarged area at the top expands in two wings. An energy-dissipating bearing 4 is arranged in the notch 21. The height of the energy-dissipating bearing 4 is higher than the top surface of the bridge pier 2. The energy-dissipating bearing 4 supports on the bottom surface of the capping beam 1. A energy-dissipating cross beam 5 is connected between the middle parts of the two bridge piers 2. A friction steel plate 6 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bridge pier 2. The friction steel plate 6 is in frictional sliding contact with the top surface of the bearing platform 3. The friction surface of the friction steel plate 6 is roughened, such as being blasted and then rusted or coated with inorganic zinc-rich paint.

[0022] This solution sets multiple energy-dissipating structures to dissipate energy from the structure of the bridge pier 2 under different vibration states. Under small vibrations, the capping beam 1 first undergoes lateral displacement, and the energy-dissipating bearing 4 supporting the capping beam 1 dissipates energy from the overall bridge pier 2 structure. Under medium vibrations, the energy-dissipating bearing 4 is damaged, the capping beam 1 drops to the top surface of the bridge pier 2 and is supported by the top surface of the bridge pier 2. The bottom of the bridge pier relies on the friction steel plate 6 to dissipate energy through the lateral movement of the bottom of the bridge pier 2. The overall elastic deformation of the bridge pier 2 and the energy-dissipating cross beam 5 dissipates seismic energy. Under large earthquakes, the displacement of the bridge pier structure system continues to increase. After the rocking bridge pier 2 reaches the decompression limit, the bridge pier 2 overcomes the friction steel plate 6 and starts to rock. With this structure, multiple energy-dissipating components and devices are distributed in different parts of the bridge to form a hierarchical energy-dissipating rocking collaborative working system, enabling the bridge pier 2 to effectively absorb and dissipate seismic energy under earthquake action, reducing damage to the main structure, enhancing the seismic resistance and post-earthquake functional recoverability of the bridge pier 2 structure, and reducing damage to the main bridge pier 2 structure. And it allows the bridge pier columns to extend the structural period during rocking, protects the bridge pier 2 structure, and reduces residual displacement. Cooperating with replaceable energy-dissipating components, it greatly reduces the post-earthquake repair cost and time.

[0023] In a further solution, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, the energy-dissipating bearing 4 includes a beam-bottom connecting steel plate 41 fixed to the bottom surface of the capping beam 1 and a pier-top connecting steel plate 42 fixed to the bottom surface of the notch 21. A bearing bottom steel plate 43 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the pier-top connecting steel plate 42. A plurality of swinging steel plates 44 are further arranged on the upper side of the bearing bottom steel plate 43. The bottom of the swinging steel plate 44 is an arc structure. The bottom of the swinging steel plate 44 is supported by the bearing bottom steel plate 43. Further, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate with a low coefficient of friction is further arranged on the top surface of the bearing bottom steel plate 43 to improve the sliding ability of the swinging steel plate 44 on the top surface of the bearing bottom steel plate 43. Traction structures 45 are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom of the swinging steel plate 44. The traction structures 45 traction the swinging steel plate 44 at a fixed distance from the bearing bottom steel plate 43. A bearing top steel plate 46 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the beam-bottom connecting steel plate 41. A plurality of upper fixing steel plates 47 are further arranged on the bottom side of the bearing top steel plate 46. The plurality of upper fixing steel plates 47 and the swinging steel plates 44 are arranged at a fixed distance interval. A pin shaft 48 is further included. The pin shaft 48 sequentially penetrates through the upper fixing steel plates 47 and the swinging steel plates 44. The interval between the upper fixing steel plates 47 and the swinging steel plates 44 is supported by energy-dissipating disc springs 49 with a pre-tightening force, which can improve the energy-dissipating capacity of the disc springs during the deformation energy dissipation of the bearing and the swinging process while ensuring the bearing stiffness.

[0024] This energy-dissipating bearing 4 forms a support between the pier top and the capping beam through the beam-bottom connecting steel plate 41, the bearing top steel plate 46, the upper fixing steel plates 47, the pin shaft 48, the swinging steel plates 44, the bearing bottom steel plate 43, and the pier-top connecting steel plate 42. In the state of minor earthquakes, the capping beam drives the beam-bottom connecting steel plate 41, the bearing top steel plate 46, and the upper fixing steel plates 47 to have a lateral displacement trend. The swinging steel plate 44 is tractioned by the traction structure 45. The energy between the swinging steel plate 44 and the upper fixing steel plates 47 is dissipated through the pre-tightened energy-dissipating disc springs 49. As the vibration further increases, the traction structure 45 deforms, and rotation occurs between the swinging steel plate 44 and the upper fixing steel plates 47. The traction structure 45 and the energy-dissipating disc springs 49 dissipate the vibration energy. Until the traction structure 45 is damaged, greater rotation occurs between the swinging steel plate 44 and the upper fixing steel plates 47, and the distance between the beam-bottom connecting steel plate 41 and the pier-top connecting steel plate 42 decreases until the capping beam 1 falls onto the pier top for further energy dissipation. This structure can dissipate the energy of the shaking of the capping beam 1, has a recovery ability within the range of minor earthquakes, and has an adaptive failure ability when the vibration increases to ensure further energy dissipation.

[0025] In a further solution, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, inclined upward sliding grooves 441 are provided at both ends of the bottom of the swinging steel plate 44. The traction structure 45 includes an upper shaft 451 and a lower shaft 452. The upper shaft 451 sequentially passes through the sliding grooves 441. The lower shaft 452 extends out from both sides of the support lower steel plate 43. An energy dissipation cylinder 453 is connected between the end of the upper shaft 451 and the end of the lower shaft 452. The upper and lower ends of the energy dissipation cylinder 453 are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the upper shaft 451 and the lower shaft 452. Traction springs 454 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends inside the energy dissipation cylinder 453. A separation scratch 4531 is formed on the side surface of the middle part of the energy dissipation cylinder 453. Among them, the energy dissipation cylinder 453, the upper shaft 451, and the lower shaft 452 can all adopt ceramic particle-reinforced brittle materials.

[0026] In this solution, the traction structure 45 is set as a double energy dissipation structure. In the state of small earthquakes, the energy dissipation cylinder 453 fixes the swing of the swinging steel plate 44 by pulling the upper shaft 451 and the lower shaft 452, ensuring the friction energy dissipation of the energy dissipation disc spring 49. When the vibration intensifies, the brittle shear-off mechanism at the separation scratch 4531 can be realized to overturn the energy dissipation bearing 4. And during the overturning process, the traction springs 454 buffer the two ends of the swing of the swinging steel plate 44, reducing the falling speed of the capping beam 1 and alleviating the collision between the capping beam 1 and the top surface of the bridge pier 2.

[0027] In a further solution, as Figure 3 shown, it further includes an anchoring part 7. The anchoring part 7 includes a cantilever block 71 fixed on the bearing platform 3. The cantilever block 71 is partially located above both sides of the sliding direction of the friction steel plate 6 during shaking. A threaded column 72 is threadedly connected to the cantilever block 71. A plurality of stacked support disc springs 73 are provided at the end of the threaded column 72. Rotate the threaded column 72 to press the support disc springs 73 against the top surface of the friction steel plate 6.

[0028] In the anchoring part 7 of this structure, by pressing down on the friction steel plate 6, the anchoring ability between the bridge pier 2 and the bearing platform 3 is enhanced. Before the energy dissipation of the bridge pier 2 reaches the shaking level, the bridge pier 2 is anchored and does not move, improving the energy dissipation participation ability of the energy dissipation bearing 4 and the energy dissipation cross beam 5. And through the downward anchoring of the support disc springs 73, the friction energy dissipation ability of the friction steel plate 6 is enhanced. It also dissipates energy and self-resets through the swing of the swinging bridge pier 2, further improving the energy dissipation ability and functional recoverability of the swing of the bridge pier 2.

[0029] In a further solution, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 described, the energy dissipation cross beam 5 includes a concrete segment 51 and energy dissipation dampers 52 provided at both ends of the concrete segment 51. The energy dissipation dampers 52 include connecting plates 521 connecting the side surface of the bridge pier 2 and the end surface of the concrete segment 51 and energy dissipation steel plates 522 supported between the two connecting plates 521. A plurality of long circular holes are formed on the energy dissipation steel plates 522.

[0030] In the energy-dissipating crossbeam 5 structure, the main energy-dissipating structure during the swaying of the bridge pier 2 is set by arranging an energy-dissipating steel plate 522 with an oblong hole. During the energy-dissipating stage of the bridge pier 2, the energy-dissipating steel plate 522 in the energy-dissipating damper 52 generates elastoplastic deformation to dissipate seismic energy. This structure concentrates the main energy-dissipating positions of the energy-dissipating crossbeam 5 at both ends, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance after seismic energy dissipation. Moreover, the entire energy-dissipating crossbeam 5 is supported by the concrete segment 51 to ensure the supporting capacity of the energy-dissipating crossbeam 5.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in terms of form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-consuming rocking grading pier structure system, characterized in that: It includes a capping beam. Under the capping beam of the same segment, there are two bridge piers supporting the capping beam, and it also includes a bearing platform supporting the bridge piers. A notch is opened on the top surface of the bridge pier, and an energy dissipation bearing is arranged in the notch. The height of the energy dissipation bearing is higher than the top surface of the bridge pier, and the energy dissipation bearing supports on the bottom surface of the capping beam. A energy dissipation cross beam is connected between the middles of the two bridge piers. A friction steel plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bridge pier, and the friction steel plate is in frictional sliding contact with the top surface of the bearing platform. The energy dissipation bearing includes a beam bottom connection steel plate fixed on the bottom surface of the capping beam and a pier top connection steel plate fixed on the bottom surface of the notch. A support lower steel plate is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the pier top connection steel plate. There are also several rocking steel plates on the upper side of the support lower steel plate. The bottom of the rocking steel plate is an arc structure, and the bottom of the rocking steel plate is supported by the support lower steel plate. Traction structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom of the rocking steel plate, and the traction structures fix and pull the rocking steel plate at a fixed distance from the support lower steel plate. A support upper steel plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the beam bottom connection steel plate. There are also several upper fixing steel plates on the bottom side of the support upper steel plate. The several upper fixing steel plates and the rocking steel plates are arranged at a fixed distance interval. It also includes a pin shaft, and the pin shaft sequentially penetrates through the upper fixing steel plates and the rocking steel plates. The interval between the upper fixing steel plates and the rocking steel plates is supported by energy dissipation disc springs applying a pre-tightening force.

2. The pier structure system with energy-consuming rocking grading according to claim 1, characterized in that: Oblique upward sliding grooves are arranged at both ends of the bottom of the rocking steel plate. The traction structure includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft. The upper shaft sequentially passes through the sliding grooves. The lower shaft extends out from both sides of the support lower steel plate. An energy dissipation cylinder is connected between the end of the upper shaft and the end of the lower shaft. The upper and lower ends of the energy dissipation cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the upper shaft and the lower shaft. Traction springs are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends inside the energy dissipation cylinder. A separation scratch is opened on the side surface of the middle part of the energy dissipation cylinder.

3. The pier structure system with energy-consuming rocking grading according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an anchoring part. The anchoring part includes a cantilever block fixed on the bearing platform. The cantilever block is partially located above both sides of the sliding direction of the friction steel plate during shaking. A threaded column is threadedly connected to the cantilever block, and several stacked support disc springs are arranged at the end of the threaded column. Rotate the threaded column to press the support disc springs on the top surface of the friction steel plate.

4. The pier structure system with energy-consuming rocking grading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy dissipation cross beam includes a concrete segment and energy dissipation dampers arranged at both ends of the concrete segment. The energy dissipation damper includes a connecting plate connecting the side surface of the bridge pier and the end surface of the concrete segment and an energy dissipation steel plate supported between the two connecting plates. Several oblong holes are opened on the energy dissipation steel plate.

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