Extra-high voltage line composite insulator live-line replacement method

Abstract

The invention discloses an extra-high voltage line composite insulator live-line replacement method, belongs to the field of electric power facility operation and maintenance and overhaul, and solves the problems that when an extra-high voltage composite insulator is replaced, operation is complex, and the equipment requirement is high. S100, one end of a lifting rod is connected to the yoke plate between the healthy insulator and the damaged insulator, and the other end of the lifting rod extends to the outer side of the damaged insulator; s200, the lower end of a pull-up rod is connected with the extending end of the lifting rod, and the upper end of the pull-up rod is connected with an electric lifting assembly fixed to the cross arm end; s300, the electric lifting assembly is started, so that the stretching-out end of the lifting rod is driven by the lifting rod to be lifted upwards; and S400, after the bearing of the damaged insulator is completely transferred to the healthy insulator and the pull-up rod through pull-up, the damaged insulator is disassembled, and a new insulator is installed at the position of the original damaged insulator. The device is mainly used for realizing the advantages that the operation is simple, and the used tool is light and convenient in live replacement of the extra-high voltage composite insulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the operation and maintenance of power facilities, in particular to a method for live replacement of composite insulators on extra-high voltage (EHV) transmission lines. Background Art

[0002] The EHV power grid is the main framework of China's power grid. As China's EHV transmission lines have been successively put into operation, with the increase of operation time, affected by the comprehensive influence of electrical factors and external environmental factors, the aging and damage of insulators often occur, posing a great hidden danger to the safe operation of EHV transmission lines. To ensure the reliable operation of EHV lines, it is necessary to replace defective composite insulators to provide a solid energy guarantee for economic and social development.

[0003] The equipment models of insulators, fittings, etc. on EHV lines have been greatly improved in terms of size and weight compared with those on low-voltage level lines, and the load borne by operation tools has also increased significantly. The existing live replacement methods are only applicable to composite insulators with a load-bearing capacity of less than 10 tons. Mainly through the combination of hydraulic screw rods, eight-wire wire lifting clamps, insulating tie rods, etc. as load-bearing tools, the load of the composite insulator is transferred by lifting the conductor. However, there are problems such as large tool volume, heavy quality, and insufficient reliability. The load transfer process is relatively difficult, and the labor intensity is high, the operation efficiency is low, and the safety risk is high during the use process. Considering the convenience of actual application, on the premise of meeting the load-bearing requirements, the operation tools should be as light and small as possible and easy to install. Especially in some mountainous areas of China, the geographical conditions are complex, and large hoisting equipment is restricted by site conditions and it is difficult to reach the operation point smoothly and carry out effective operations.

[0004] To overcome this technical problem, at present, mainly two technical means are used to achieve labor-saving lifting: one is to use a large number of pulley blocks to build a complex labor-saving system, and the other is to design special tools using the principle of increasing the force arm. However, from the actual application point of view, the former requires the use of a large number of tools, and the installation process on the tower crane is cumbersome and complex, with extremely high requirements for the professional skills of operators and teamwork; the latter puts forward strict requirements for the length and strength indicators of the tools, and there are great challenges in the research and development, manufacturing and on-site operation of the tools. To sum up, the existing countermeasures all have significant technical limitations at the actual operation level, which is not conducive to operators to carry out the replacement operation of EHV composite insulators efficiently and conveniently, and there is an urgent need to develop more innovative and adaptable technical solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of complex operation and high equipment requirements in the prior art when replacing EHV composite insulators live, this application provides a method for live replacement of composite insulators on EHV lines, which can achieve the advantages of simple operation and light tools for live replacement of EHV composite insulators.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solution: A method for live replacement of composite insulators on extra-high voltage lines. The insulator replacement device includes a lifting rod, a pulling rod, and an electric lifting component. The usage method includes: S100: Hinge one end of the lifting rod on the link plate used to connect two insulators. The lifting rod is hinged at the position of the link plate between the two insulators, and the other end extends to the outside of the damaged insulator; S200: Hinge the lower end of the pulling rod to the extended end of the lifting rod, and connect the upper end of the pulling rod to the electric lifting component fixed at the cross-arm end; S300: Start the electric lifting component so that the pulling rod drives the extended end of the lifting rod to lift upward, so that the lifting rod drives the damaged insulator to be lifted; S400: After the load of the damaged insulator is completely transferred to the healthy insulator and the pulling rod, remove the damaged insulator and install a new insulator at the position of the original damaged insulator.

[0007] After adopting the above technical solution, the present application has the following advantages: Through the cooperation of the lifting rod, the pulling rod, and the electric lifting component, the steps are clear and the operation is relatively simple. Compared with the existing methods of using a large number of pulley blocks to construct a complex force-saving system or designing special tools using the principle of increasing the force arm, there is no need for a cumbersome installation process and high-difficulty operation skills, reducing the requirements for the professional skills of operators and teamwork, enabling operators to carry out insulator replacement operations more efficiently. By driving the pulling rod and the lifting rod through the electric lifting component, the load of the damaged insulator can be relatively stably transferred to the healthy insulator and the pulling rod, providing a safe working condition for disassembling and installing a new insulator, and reducing the safety risks caused by complex tools or improper operations. For situations where the geographical conditions are complex, such as in mountainous areas, and large lifting equipment is difficult to reach the operation point, this method uses relatively simple tools to complete the replacement of composite insulators without relying on large equipment, broadening the applicable scenarios of the operation, having stronger environmental adaptability. And when using the electric lifting component, there may be a situation where high-voltage electricity breaks down the equipment. Therefore, the electric lifting component is fixed at the cross-arm end, making the electric lifting tool away from the high-voltage line to avoid the occurrence of accidents caused by being broken down by high-voltage electricity. In S400, when one end of the link plate corresponding to the damaged insulator is lifted upward, the lower end of the damaged insulator gradually rises, and the damaged insulator will gradually become loose until it becomes a state without tension, and then the subsequent disassembly and replacement work can be carried out.

[0008] Further, the electric lifting component includes a double-axis force-saving lead screw and a motor. One end of the double-axis force-saving lead screw and the motor are fixed at the cross-arm end, and the movable end of the double-axis force-saving lead screw is connected to the upper end of the pulling rod.

[0009] With the foregoing technical solution, the double-axis labor-saving lead screw is driven by electricity, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of the operators compared with the traditional manual or mechanical driving methods. Moreover, for the replacement of large-tonnage composite insulators, the use of the lead screw can also achieve a labor-saving effect. Compared with other electric linear drivers with the same driving weight, it requires a smaller volume and less power consumption, and is more suitable for entering environments such as mountainous areas.

[0010] Further, the electric lifting assembly includes an electric wrench and a lead screw assembly fixed to the end of the cross arm. The electric wrench is used to drive the lead screw assembly to expand and contract, and the movable end of the lead screw assembly is connected to the upper end of the lifting rod.

[0011] With the foregoing technical solution, the electric wrench can accurately control the number of rotation turns of the lead screw assembly, and thus accurately control the elongation or shortening amount of the lead screw assembly. Especially when replacing large-tonnage composite insulators, it can more accurately control the lifting height of the lifting rod, so that the load of the damaged insulator can be more smoothly and accurately transferred to the healthy insulator and the lifting rod, ensuring the accuracy of the installation position of the new insulator and improving the quality and safety of the operation. As a common general tool, the electric wrench is small in volume and light in weight, which is convenient for carrying and transportation, and this also makes the lead screw assembly smaller than the double-axis labor-saving lead screw.

[0012] Further, the insulator replacement device further includes an adjusting fitting, and the adjusting fitting is connected between the electric lifting assembly and the upper end of the lifting rod to adjust the distance between the lifting rod and the electric lifting assembly.

[0013] With the foregoing technical solution, the addition of the adjusting fitting enables the lifting rod to be finely adjusted in the up and down height, ensuring that the connection between the electric lifting assembly and the lifting rod can be smoother, and avoiding the situation where a firm connection cannot be made due to a short distance difference when connecting the lifting rod and the electric lifting tool.

[0014] Further, in step S100, the lifting rod is provided with a supporting portion located below the damaged insulator, so that when the lifting rod drives the extending end of the lifting rod to lift upward, the connecting plate corresponding to one end of the damaged insulator is lifted upward through the supporting portion.

[0015] With the foregoing technical solution, the support part of the lifting rod is located below the damaged insulator. When the stretching rod drives the extending end of the lifting rod to lift upward, with the connection point between the lifting rod and the link plate as the fulcrum, the lever principle is formed. The support part of the lifting rod can effectively lift the end of the link plate corresponding to the damaged insulator upward, smoothly realizing the transfer of the load of the damaged insulator to the healthy insulator and the stretching rod, creating necessary conditions for the subsequent disassembly and installation of the new insulator. Compared with other positions, this method can act on the damaged insulator more directly and efficiently, ensuring the effectiveness of the lifting operation. This setting makes the force distribution of the lifting rod more reasonable during the lifting process. The support part of the lifting rod bears the gravity of the damaged insulator, while the connection point with the link plate and the extending end bear the corresponding supporting force and tensile force respectively, and the force of each part is clear and relatively balanced. It avoids the situation that the lifting rod is damaged or deformed due to excessive local force, improves the service life and reliability of the lifting rod, and also ensures the safety of the entire replacement operation process.

[0016] Further, in step S200, traction ropes are tied to both ends of the stretching rod, and then it is suspended to the lifting rod, and the extending end of the lifting rod is connected to the lower end of the stretching rod.

[0017] With the foregoing technical solution, after traction ropes are tied to both ends of the stretching rod and it is suspended to the lifting rod, during the suspension process, the traction ropes can effectively control the swing and direction of the stretching rod, preventing the stretching rod from colliding with equipment such as the suspension tower and insulators due to excessive swinging amplitude during the suspension process, avoiding damage to the equipment, and at the same time reducing the risk of accidental injury to the operating personnel, ensuring the safety during the operation process.

[0018] Further, after step S400, it further includes: S500: Reverse-start the electric lifting assembly to lower the extending end of the lifting rod; S600: After the load of the stretching assembly is completely transferred to the healthy insulator and the new insulator, remove the lifting rod, the stretching rod, and the electric lifting assembly.

[0019] With the foregoing technical solution, the clear step sequence makes the entire insulator replacement operation process more standardized and complete. Operating in the order of first lifting and replacing, then lowering to transfer the load, and finally removing the tool equipment helps the operating personnel to carry out the work in an orderly manner, reducing operation errors and repetitive labor, and improving the operation efficiency. At the same time, the standardized operation process is also convenient for managing and supervising the operation process to ensure the operation quality. The load is smoothly transferred to the new insulator and the healthy insulator, avoiding a large impact and influence on the power system during the load transfer process. This helps to maintain the stable operation of the power system, reduce the interference to the power supply caused by the insulator replacement operation, and ensure the normal power consumption of users.

[0020] Further, in step S400, first disconnect the end of the damaged insulator connected to the link plate, and then disconnect the end of the damaged insulator connected to the cross arm end. For the new insulator, first install the end connected to the cross arm end, and then install the end of the new insulator connected to the link plate.

[0021] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, first disconnect the end of the damaged insulator connected to the link plate. At this time, the damaged insulator is still connected to the cross arm end, which can maintain its relative stability to a certain extent and prevent the insulator from suddenly falling during the disassembly process and causing harm to the operating personnel and the equipment below. When installing the new insulator, first install the end connected to the cross arm end, so that the new insulator has a fixed point first, which also increases the stability during the installation process and reduces the safety risk brought by the instability of the insulator.

[0022] Further, traction ropes are tied to the lower ends of both the damaged insulator and the new insulator for lifting or hanging.

[0023] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, through the traction rope, the operating personnel can more precisely control the position of the insulator, making it accurately reach the installation or disassembly position, and preventing the insulator from colliding with the tower crane, other insulators or operating personnel due to excessive shaking amplitude. Especially for large-tonnage composite insulators, their mass is relatively large, and once out of control, it may cause serious safety accidents. The existence of the traction rope can greatly reduce this risk and ensure the personal safety of the operating personnel and the integrity of the equipment.

[0024] Further, the lifting rod is composed of two front and rear clamping plates, and the two clamping plates are connected to both sides of the link plate through fasteners to clamp on the link plate.

[0025] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, the installation and disassembly of the lifting rod with this structure are relatively simple. The operating personnel only need to place the two clamping plates on both sides of the link plate respectively and fix them through fasteners to complete the installation; when disassembling, loosen the fasteners and the lifting rod can be easily removed. Compared with some complex connection structures, it greatly saves the installation and disassembly time and improves the operation efficiency. The setting of several fasteners enables the lifting rod to adapt to link plates of different sizes and shapes. By adjusting the position and number of fasteners, it can be ensured that the lifting rod firmly clamps on the link plate. No matter how the specific structure of the link plate changes, stable connection can be achieved. This enhances the versatility of the lifting rod, making it applicable to different types of tower cranes and insulator replacement operations.

[0026] Further, the lifting rod is L-shaped, and the inflection point of the L-shaped lifting rod is used to support one end of the link plate corresponding to the damaged insulator.

[0027] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, the L-shaped feature makes it easier to position the lifting rod during installation. The operator can quickly determine the installation direction and position of the lifting rod according to the structure of the suspension tower and the position of the insulator, accurately connect it to the link plate, and align the inflection point of the L-shaped lifting rod with the damaged insulator. This convenient installation and positioning method saves operation time and improves operation efficiency. Especially in high-altitude operations, it reduces the operation difficulty and work intensity of the operator. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the link plate when replacing the damaged insulator in the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-arm end when replacing the damaged insulator; Figure 3 It is the force analysis of the healthy insulator, the damaged insulator and the lifting rod before the link plate is lifted; Figure 4 It is the force analysis of the healthy insulator, the damaged insulator and the lifting rod after the link plate is lifted.

[0029] Brief Description of the Drawings: 1. Cross-arm end; 2. Link plate; 3. Healthy insulator; 4. Damaged insulator; 5. Lifting rod; 51. Clamp plate; 52. Fastener; 53. Inflection point; 6. Lifting rod; 7. Electric lifting assembly; 71. Double-axis labor-saving lead screw; 72. Adjusting fitting; 73. Adjusting plate. Detailed Embodiment

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] The terms "first", "second", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. Even if "second" is used to distinguish a certain technical feature, it does not necessarily imply the existence of "first". It should be understood that in this application, "including" and "having" and any of their variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. It should be understood that in this application, "a plurality of" means two or more. "And / or" is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, X and / or Y can represent three situations: X exists alone, X and Y exist simultaneously, and Y exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "Including X, Y, and Z" and "including X, Y, Z" mean that all of X, Y, and Z are included. "Including X, Y, or Z" means including one of X, Y, and Z. "Including X, Y, and / or Z" means including any one or any two or all three of X, Y, and Z.

[0032] The technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These several specific embodiments can be combined or replaced according to the actual situation, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0033] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, this application provides a method for replacing a composite insulator on a UHV line live. The insulator replacement device includes a lifting rod 5, a pulling rod 6, and an electric lifting assembly 7. Its usage method includes: S100: Hinge one end of the lifting rod 5 on the link plate 2 used to connect two insulators. The lifting rod 5 is hinged to the link plate 2 at a position between the two insulators, and the other end extends to the outside of the damaged insulator 4; S200: Hinge the lower end of the pulling rod 6 to the extended end of the lifting rod 5, and connect the upper end of the pulling rod 6 to the electric lifting assembly 7 fixed on the cross-arm end 1; S300: Start the electric lifting assembly 7 to cause the pulling rod 6 to drive the extended end of the lifting rod 5 to lift upward, so that the lifting rod 5 drives the damaged insulator 4 to be lifted; S400: After the load-bearing of the damaged insulator 4 is completely transferred to the healthy insulator 3 and the pulling rod 6, remove the damaged insulator 4 and install a new insulator at the position of the original damaged insulator 4.

[0034] After adopting the above technical solution, the present application has the following advantages: Through the cooperation of the lifting rod 5, the pulling rod 6, and the electric lifting assembly 7, the steps are clear and the operation is relatively simple. Compared with the existing methods of using a large number of pulley groups to construct a complex labor-saving system or designing special tools using the principle of increasing the force arm, there is no need for a cumbersome installation process and high-difficulty operation skills, reducing the requirements for the professional skills of the operators and team cooperation, enabling the operators to carry out the insulator replacement operation more efficiently. By driving the pulling rod 6 and the lifting rod 5 through the electric lifting assembly 7, the load-bearing of the damaged insulator 4 can be relatively stably transferred to the healthy insulator 3 and the pulling rod 6, providing a safe working condition for the disassembly and installation of the new insulator, and reducing the safety risks caused by complex tools or improper operations. For situations where the geographical conditions are complex, such as in mountainous areas, and large lifting equipment is difficult to reach the working point, this method can complete the replacement of composite insulators without relying on large equipment by using relatively simple tools, broadening the applicable scenarios of the operation, having stronger environmental adaptability. And when using the electric lifting assembly 7, there may be a situation where the high-voltage electricity breaks down the equipment. Therefore, the electric lifting assembly 7 is fixed at the cross-arm end 1, making the electric lifting tool away from the high-voltage wire to avoid the occurrence of accidents caused by being broken down by high-voltage electricity. In S400, when one end of the link plate 2 corresponding to the damaged insulator 4 is lifted upward, when the lower end of the damaged insulator 4 gradually rises, the damaged insulator 4 will gradually become slack until it becomes a state without tension, and then the subsequent disassembly and replacement work can be carried out.

[0035] Specifically, the cross-arm end 1 refers to the positions of the two ends of the tower cross-arm; and the link plate 2 belongs to the connecting fitting in the electrical hardware, which is a plate-shaped connecting fitting used to connect the insulator string and the conductor and can also adjust the conductor length; the above solution can also be used to replace the extra-high voltage composite insulators with large tonnage, such as the extra-high voltage composite insulators with a load-bearing of more than ten tons; the upper end of the electric lifting assembly 7 is located at a position far from the upper end of the damaged insulator 4, so that the force arm of the electric lifting assembly 7 can be made larger than the force arm from the fulcrum to the damaged insulator 4, achieving the purpose of a labor-saving lever. Among them, the pulling rod 6 is fixed by multiple sections of insulating plates, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, F1 is the tension received by the healthy insulator 3, F2 is the tension received by the damaged insulator 4, F3 is the tension received by the pulling rod 6, where Figure 3 in Figure 4 F3 = 0,

[0036] Further, the electric lifting assembly 7 includes a double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71 and a motor. One end of the double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71 and the motor are fixed at the cross-arm end cross-arm end 1, and the movable end of the double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71 is connected to the upper end of the pulling rod 6.

[0037] With the foregoing technical solution, the double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71 is driven by electricity, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of operators compared with the traditional manual or mechanical driving methods. Moreover, for the replacement of large-tonnage composite insulators, the use of the lead screw can also achieve a labor-saving effect. Compared with other electric linear drivers with the same driving weight, it requires a smaller volume and less power consumption, and is more suitable for entering environments such as mountainous areas. Specifically, the double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71 includes a lead screw connected to the output end of the motor and a nut threadedly connected to the lead screw, wherein the nut is connected to the movable end of the double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71, so that when the motor drives the lead screw to rotate, the movable end connected to the nut can move axially up and down, thereby pulling the lifting rod 6 to lift and lower.

[0038] It can be understood that in another embodiment, the electric lifting assembly 7 includes an electric wrench and a lead screw assembly fixed to the cross arm end 1. The electric wrench is used to drive the lead screw assembly to extend and retract, and the movable end of the lead screw assembly is connected to the upper end of the lifting rod 6.

[0039] With the foregoing technical solution, the electric wrench can accurately control the number of rotation turns of the lead screw assembly, and further accurately control the elongation or shortening amount of the lead screw assembly. Especially when replacing large-tonnage composite insulators, it can more accurately control the lifting height of the lifting rod 6, so that the load-bearing of the damaged insulator 4 can be more smoothly and accurately transferred to the healthy insulator 3 and the lifting rod 6, ensuring the accuracy of the installation position of the new insulator and improving the quality and safety of the operation. As a common general tool, the electric wrench is small in volume and light in weight, which is convenient for carrying and transportation. This also makes the lead screw assembly more compact than the double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71. Specifically, the lead screw assembly includes a lead screw rotatably connected to the cross arm end and a nut threadedly connected to the lead screw, wherein the nut is connected to the movable end in the lead screw assembly, so that when the electric wrench drives the lead screw to rotate, the movable end connected to the nut can move axially up and down, thereby pulling the lifting rod 6 to lift and lower.

[0040] Specifically, both the above-mentioned double-axis labor-saving lead screw 71 and the lead screw assembly can be labor-saving lead screws with an increased force arm and have an anti-torsion function to avoid circumferential torsion when lifting the damaged insulator 4. A plurality of adjustment holes are opened along the axis direction of the adjustment fitting 72 on the adjustment fitting 72, so that the lifting rod is connected to the adjustment fitting 72. The electric wrench can also be used for the disassembly and assembly of the damaged insulator 4, etc., and can replace the use of similar tools, increasing the reuse efficiency of the electric wrench.

[0041] Furthermore, the insulator replacement device further includes an adjustment fitting 72, and the adjustment fitting 72 is connected between the electric lifting assembly 7 and the upper end of the lifting rod 6 to adjust the distance between the lifting rod 6 and the electric lifting assembly 7.

[0042] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, by adjusting the addition of the adjusting fitting 72, the lifting rod 6 can be finely adjusted in the up and down height, ensuring that the connection between the electric lifting assembly 7 and the lifting rod 6 can be smoother, and avoiding the situation where a firm connection cannot be made when the distance between the lifting rod 6 and the electric lifting tool is relatively short.

[0043] Specifically, the adjusting fitting 72 is of a rounded rectangular structure, made of T7075 high-strength aluminum alloy. The overall length of the adjusting fitting 72 is 500 mm, the width is 77 mm, and the thickness is 20 mm. Six circular connection holes are provided. The diameter of the connection hole with a smaller aperture is 22 mm, and it is connected to the insulating pull rod through a lead screw. The diameters of the remaining five connection holes are 28 mm, and they are connected to the lightweight link plate clamping tool through fixing bolts. During the implementation process, the corresponding adjusting holes can be selected according to the length of the UHV composite insulator and the tool, effectively expanding the applicable range of the adjusting fitting 72.

[0044] Further, in step S100, the lifting rod 5 is provided with a support portion located below the damaged insulator 4, so that when the lifting rod 6 drives the extending end of the lifting rod 5 to lift upward, the support portion can lift the corresponding end of the link plate 2 for the damaged insulator 4 upward.

[0045] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, the support portion of the lifting rod 5 is located below the damaged insulator 4. When the lifting rod 6 drives the extending end of the lifting rod 5 to lift upward, a lever principle is formed with the connection point between the lifting rod 5 and the link plate 2 as the fulcrum. The support portion of the lifting rod 5 can effectively lift the corresponding end of the link plate 2 for the damaged insulator 4 upward, smoothly realizing the transfer of the load of the damaged insulator 4 to the healthy insulator 3 and the lifting rod 6, creating necessary conditions for the subsequent disassembly and installation of the new insulator. Compared with other positions, this method can act on the damaged insulator 4 more directly and efficiently, ensuring the effectiveness of the lifting operation. This setting makes the force distribution of the lifting rod 5 more reasonable during the lifting process. The support portion of the lifting rod 5 bears the gravity of the damaged insulator 4, while the connection point with the link plate 2 and the extending end bear the corresponding support force and tension respectively, and the force of each part is clear and relatively balanced. It avoids the situation where the lifting rod 5 is damaged or deformed due to excessive local force, improves the service life and reliability of the lifting rod 5, and also ensures the safety of the entire replacement operation process.

[0046] Further, in step S200, traction ropes are tied to both ends of the lifting rod 6, and then it is suspended to the lifting rod 5, and the extending end of the lifting rod 5 is connected to the lower end of the lifting rod 6.

[0047] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, after tying traction ropes to both ends of the lifting rod 6, it is suspended to the lifting rod 5. During the suspension process, the traction ropes can effectively control the swing and direction of the lifting rod 6, preventing the lifting rod 6 from colliding with equipment such as the suspension tower and insulators due to excessive swinging during the suspension process, avoiding damage to the equipment, and at the same time reducing the risk of accidental injury to the operating personnel, thus ensuring the safety during the operation process.

[0048] Specifically, the traction ropes are insulating ropes.

[0049] Furthermore, after step S400, it further includes: S500: Reverse-start the electric lifting assembly 7 to lower the extended end of the lifting rod 5 downward; S600: After the load-bearing of the lifting assembly is completely transferred to the healthy insulator 3 and the new insulator, remove the lifting rod 5, the lifting rod 6, and the electric lifting assembly 7.

[0050] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, the clear step sequence makes the entire insulator replacement operation process more standardized and complete. Operating in the order of first lifting and replacing, then lowering to transfer the load-bearing, and finally removing the tool equipment helps the operating personnel to carry out the work in an orderly manner, reducing operation errors and repetitive labor, and improving the operation efficiency. At the same time, the standardized operation process also facilitates the management and supervision of the operation process to ensure the operation quality. The load-bearing is smoothly transferred to the new insulator and the healthy insulator 3, avoiding a large impact and influence on the power system during the load-bearing transfer process. This helps to maintain the stable operation of the power system, reduce the interference to the power supply caused by the insulator replacement operation, and ensure the normal power consumption of users.

[0051] Furthermore, in step S400, first disconnect the end of the damaged insulator 4 connected to the link plate 2, and then disconnect the end of the damaged insulator 4 connected to the cross arm end 1. The new insulator is first installed at the end connected to the cross arm end 1, and then the end of the new insulator connected to the link plate 2 is installed.

[0052] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, first disconnect the end of the damaged insulator 4 connected to the link plate 2. At this time, the damaged insulator 4 is still connected to the cross arm end 1, which can maintain its relative stability to a certain extent and avoid sudden dropping of the insulator during the disassembly process, causing harm to the operating personnel and the equipment below. When installing the new insulator, first install the end connected to the cross arm end 1, so that the new insulator has a fixed point first, which also increases the stability during the installation process and reduces the safety risk caused by the instability of the insulator.

[0053] Furthermore, traction ropes are tied to the lower ends of both the damaged insulator 4 and the new insulator for lifting or suspension.

[0054] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, through the traction rope, the operator can more precisely control the position of the insulator, enabling it to accurately reach the installation or disassembly position, and preventing the insulator from colliding with the suspension tower, other insulators or the operator due to excessive shaking amplitude. Especially for large-tonnage composite insulators, which have a large mass, serious safety accidents may occur once out of control. The presence of the traction rope can greatly reduce this risk and ensure the personal safety of the operator and the integrity of the equipment.

[0055] Furthermore, the lifting rod 5 is composed of two front and rear clamping plates 51, and the two clamping plates 51 are connected to both sides of the link plate 2 through fasteners 52 to clamp on the link plate 2.

[0056] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, the installation and disassembly of the lifting rod 5 with this structure are relatively simple. The operator only needs to place the two clamping plates 51 on both sides of the link plate 2 respectively and fix them through the fasteners 52 to complete the installation; when disassembling, loosening the fasteners 52 can easily remove the lifting rod 5. Compared with some complex connection structures, it greatly saves the installation and disassembly time, improves the operation efficiency, and the setting of several fasteners 52 enables the lifting rod 5 to adapt to link plates 2 of different sizes and shapes. By adjusting the position and quantity of the fasteners 52, it can be ensured that the lifting rod 5 is firmly clamped on the link plate 2, and stable connection can be achieved regardless of the specific structure change of the link plate 2. This enhances the versatility of the lifting rod 5, enabling it to be used in different types of suspension towers and insulator replacement operations.

[0057] Furthermore, the lifting rod 5 is L-shaped, and the inflection point 53 of the L-shaped lifting rod 5 is used to support one end of the link plate 2 corresponding to the damaged insulator 4.

[0058] Adopting the foregoing technical solution, the L-shaped feature of the lifting rod 5 makes it easier to position during installation. The operator can quickly determine the installation direction and position of the lifting rod 5 according to the structure of the suspension tower and the position of the insulator, accurately connect it to the link plate 2, and align the inflection point 53 of the L-shaped lifting rod 5 with the damaged insulator 4. This convenient installation and positioning method saves operation time and improves operation efficiency. Especially in high-altitude operations, it reduces the operation difficulty and working intensity of the operator.

[0059] Specifically, the lifting rod 5 is of L-shaped structure and is composed of two identical L-shaped clamping plates 51. The lifting rod 5 is made of T7075 high-strength aluminum alloy and is subjected to mechanical property checks such as shear resistance, cutting resistance, and torsion resistance. Designed according to the size structure of the typical UHV fitting link plate, specifically determined according to the size structure and hanging point position of the grading ring, the overall length of the special L-shaped clamping plate for the link plate is 963.7 mm, the width is 315.4 mm, the bending inclination angle is about 136°, and the thickness of each L-shaped plate is 25 mm.

[0060] More specifically, both ends of the lifting rod 5 are respectively connected to the coupling plate and the extended adjustment plate. On the premise of meeting the strength of the lifting rod 5 and the insulation gap, the bending degree is designed to match different coupling plate fittings. Each L-shaped plate is provided with 6 circular connection holes with a diameter of 28 mm. Taking the short-axis end as the left end and the long-axis end as the right end, from the left end to the right end are the first connection hole, the second connection hole, the third connection hole, the fourth connection hole, the fifth connection hole, and the sixth connection hole. On-site, according to different construction conditions, the lifting rod 5 is connected to different connection holes to realize the change of the force arm, so as to increase the lifting performance of the lifting rod 5. Set the corresponding positions according to the size of the coupling plate, and the hole diameter and hole pitch are accurate to the millimeter level to ensure reliable connection and fixation between the short-axis end of the clamping tool and the coupling plate. The short-axis end of the lifting rod 5 is fixed to the coupling plate, and the coupling plate is clamped by two L-shaped clamping plates. When connected to the cross coupling plate, the second connection hole of the clamping plate is connected to the hollow part of the cross coupling plate through a fixing bolt, and the first and third connection holes are fixed by bolts; when connected to the triangular coupling plate, the first connection hole of the clamping plate is connected to the inherent construction hole of the triangular coupling plate through a fixing bolt, and the second and third connection holes are fixed by bolts (if the connection holes of the triangular coupling plate are blocked, there is no need to connect). The long-axis end is connected to the lead screw through the extended adjustment plate. The fifth connection hole or the sixth connection hole is connected to the lead screw through the extended connecting plate, and the fourth connection hole fixes the spacer block between the two L-shaped plates through a fixing bolt to ensure that the thickness of the extended adjustment plate can match the lifting rod 5. When transferring the load during the process of replacing the composite insulator, the lever principle can be used to effectively reduce the force (the operator applies force to the lead screw directly above the long-axis end of the clamping tool), shorten the operation time, and greatly improve the work efficiency. In addition, it can significantly reduce the labor intensity of the operator and reduce the safety risk during the maintenance process. In addition, on the premise of not changing the strength of the lifting rod 5, the maximum lifting load capacity is increased by 2-3 times, which can meet the live replacement of most composite insulators and can also be used for power-off maintenance. On the other hand, the size and weight of the lifting rod 5 are significantly reduced compared with the existing tools, and it is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material, with a mass only one-fourth of that of the existing tools, realizing the lightweight of the tool, which is convenient for carrying, transportation and high-altitude maintenance operations. The manufacturing cost of the lifting rod 5 is low, and it has high popularization and application value.

[0061] The specific operation steps for replacing the insulator are as follows: Determine the total length of the lifting rod 6. According to the on-site inspection, determine the installation positions of the lifting rod 6 and the backup protection for the live replacement of the composite insulator. Combine with the tower drawing, and through the distance measurement between two points in the corresponding software based on the point cloud data collected during the on-site inspection, accurately evaluate the length of the lifting rod 6 to improve the efficiency of live replacement.

[0062] After determining the length of the lifting rod 6, match the lengths of the insulating tools and the metal tools. The length of the insulating tools should meet the following conditions: ensure the effective insulation length of live working and the safety distance of live working (the safety distance between the equipotential personnel and the grounding body and the distance between the ground potential personnel and the live body). When determining the length of the metal tools, at least 30 cm of adjustment margin should be left for the adjusting fitting 72, and the double-axis labor-saving lead screw should be in a completely relaxed state.

[0063] Job site preparation. Conduct an appearance inspection and insulation resistance test on the insulating tools, conduct an appearance and connection inspection on the metal tools, conduct a connection inspection on the shielding clothing and measure the resistance at the farthest ends of the clothes and trousers. After all the tests are completed, two ground potential electricians climb the tower and fix the transfer rope and the traction pulley to the crossarm end 1 (directly above the hanging point on the conductor side of the insulator to be replaced), and pass the transfer rope and the traction pulley to the operation point through the transfer rope and hang them directly above the hanging point on the crossarm side of the lifting rod 6 (the hanging point on the crossarm side of the lifting rod 6 has been confirmed after on-site investigation). Subsequently, pass the insulating transfer rope and the personal backup protection rope (the two ropes are for the electric lifting device) to the operation point through the transfer rope and hang them on the crossarm (about 0.5 m horizontally from the conductor). Two equipotential electricians enter the equipotential by taking the electric lifting device. Set up a powered winch at a suitable position on the operation ground for traction during the transfer of tools and insulators.

[0064] Installation of tools and equipment (15 minutes). After all the high-altitude workers are in place, start installing the tools and equipment. First, install the lifting rod 6. The ground electricians transfer two L-shaped clamping plates 51 to the conductor side through the transfer rope. The equipotential electricians use a rope sleeve to fix the L-shaped clamping plates 51 on the conductor to prevent high-altitude falling objects. Then, remove the binding points of the L-shaped clamping plates 51 and the transfer rope. Two equipotential electricians cooperate to fix the two L-shaped clamping plates 51 through the fasteners 52 and the triangular link plate 2. The L-shaped clamping plate 51 is connected to the construction hole inherent in the middle above the triangular link plate 2 through a fixing bolt, and the third connection hole is fixed by a bolt. The ground operators assemble the lifting rod 6 in sections on the ground. Then, connect one end of the lifting rod 6 to the double-axis labor-saving lead screw with an adjusting fitting 72, and connect the other end to an adjusting plate 73 with a shape and function similar to the adjusting fitting 72. Fix one end of an insulating rope of a suitable length to the adjusting plate 73 and the other end to the lifting rod 6. After the connection is completed, transfer it to the working point through the transfer rope. When transferring, the double-axis labor-saving lead screw is on the upper side and the adjusting plate 73 is on the lower side. The ground potential electrician fixes the labor-saving lead screw end at a suitable position near the hanging point on the side of the cross arm of the insulator to be replaced. After fixing, untie the insulating rope lead screw end, and the ground potential electrician fixes the insulating rope at the position of the cross arm directly above the conductor side of the composite insulator. Then, slowly lift the insulating rope to make the lifting rod 6 close to the conductor side. After the lifting rod 6 reaches the conductor side, the equipotential electrician connects the adjusting plate 73 and the L-shaped link plate 2. When connecting, the L-shaped link plate 2 is as close as possible to the lifting rod 6 to make the effective connection length of the adjusting plate 73 as short as possible. After the connection is completed, check the connection of the entire set of lifting rod 6.

[0065] Then, install the backup protection. First, remove the grading ring on one side of the insulator to be replaced and fix it on the conductor through a rope sleeve. With the help of the two connection points between the triangular link plate 2 and the grading ring, install the backup protection clamping tool on the side of the link plate 2. Then, install the backup in the same installation method and sequence as the lifting rod 6. After completion, check the connection of the entire set of backup tools.

[0066] Remove the insulator to be replaced (25 min). The ground potential electrician tightens the double-axis screw rod to the appropriate stroke at the cross arm end 1 with an electric wrench, making the insulator to be replaced loose. The live-line electrician fixes one end of the transfer rope to the conductor side of the insulator. After the insulator is not stressed, remove the fixing bolts of the conductor side of the insulator and the triangular link plate 2. The ground potential electrician slowly loosens the transfer rope to make the insulator perpendicular to the ground. The ground potential electrician adjusts the position of the transfer rope directly above the hanging point of the insulator, fixes the cross arm side of the insulator to the transfer rope, and then removes the fixing bolts on the cross arm side of the insulator, and transfers the insulator to the ground.

This method takes the center of the link plate 2 as the fulcrum and cleverly uses the lever principle to greatly reduce the force on the lifting rod 6 when transferring the load, significantly shortening the operation time, effectively improving the work efficiency. And this construction method installs the labor-saving screw rod on the cross arm side. By the ground potential electrician using an electric wrench to tighten or loosen the screw rod at the cross arm end 1, the labor intensity of the operators is significantly reduced, and the safety risk during maintenance is reduced. In addition, without changing the strength of the device, the maximum lifting load capacity is increased by 2-3 times (calculated by the ratio of the force arm length, with the first force arm being the horizontal length from the center of the link plate 2 to the insulator on the other side, and the second force arm being the horizontal length from the center of the link plate 2 to the lifting rod 6, generally being the length from the center of the link plate 2 to the end of the long axis of the clamping tool for the lightweight link plate 2), which can meet the live replacement of most composite insulators and can also be used for outage maintenance

[0067] Replace with a new insulator (25 min). The ground electrician fixes the two ends of the insulating rope to the two ends of the new insulator respectively, and uses the transfer rope as the control rope, fixing one end at the conductor side position to prevent the new insulator from colliding with the tower materials during the transfer. After the new insulator is transferred to the operation point, the ground potential electrician fixes the cross arm end 1 of the new insulator. The ground potential electrician fixes the insulating rope at the cross arm position directly above the conductor side of the composite insulator, and then slowly lifts the insulating rope to make the new insulator approach the conductor side. After the new insulator reaches the conductor side, the live-line electrician fixes the conductor end of the new insulator and checks the connection to ensure the reliable connection of the new insulator. Then the ground potential electrician loosens the double-axis screw rod to the appropriate stroke at the cross arm end 1 with an electric wrench until the lifting rod 6 is no longer stressed, and checks that the insulator is under normal stress.

[0068] Remove the tools and return to the ground (15 min). Use the transfer rope to remove and transfer the lifting rod 6 and the backup protection to the ground in sequence. The live-line electrician installs the removed grading ring on the triangular link plate 2, and then exits the live working area through the electric lifting device and returns to the ground. The ground potential electrician uses the transfer rope to transfer the insulating transfer rope and the personal backup protection rope to the ground in sequence, transfers the transfer rope and the traction pulley to the ground, and finally carries the transfer rope and the traction pulley down the tower and returns to the ground.

[0069] In addition to the above preferred embodiments, there are other implementation manners for this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines, characterized in that: The insulator replacement device includes a lifting rod, a pulling rod and an electric lifting assembly, and the method of using the device includes: S100: hinge one end of the lifting rod to a connecting plate for connecting two insulators, wherein the lifting rod is hinged to a portion of the connecting plate between the two insulators, and the other end of the lifting rod extends to the outside of the damaged insulator; S200: hinge the lower end of the pulling rod with the extended end of the lifting rod, and connect the upper end of the pulling rod with the electric lifting assembly fixed at the end of the cross arm; S300: starting the electric lifting assembly so that the lifting rod drives the extended end of the lifting rod to pull upward, so that the lifting rod drives the damaged insulator to be lifted; S400: After lifting until the load of the damaged insulator is completely transferred to the healthy insulator and the lifting rod, remove the damaged insulator and install the new insulator in the position of the original damaged insulator.

2. A live replacement method for composite insulators of UHV lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric lifting assembly includes a double-axis labor-saving screw and a motor. One end of the double-axis labor-saving screw and the motor are fixed to the cross arm end, and the movable end of the double-axis labor-saving screw is connected to the upper end of the pulling rod.

3. The method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric lifting assembly includes an electric wrench and a screw assembly fixed to the end of the cross arm. The electric wrench is used to drive the screw assembly to extend and retract. The movable end of the screw assembly is connected to the upper end of the pulling rod.

4. A live replacement method for composite insulators of UHV lines according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The insulator replacement device also includes an adjusting hardware, which is connected between the electric lifting assembly and the upper end of the lifting rod to adjust the distance between the lifting rod and the electric lifting assembly.

5. The method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S100, the lifting rod is provided with a support portion located below the damaged insulator, so that when the lifting rod drives the extended end of the lifting rod to pull upward, the end of the connecting plate corresponding to the damaged insulator is lifted upward through the support portion.

6. The method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S200, traction ropes are tied to both ends of the pulling rod, which is then hung to the lifting rod, and the protruding end of the lifting rod is connected to the lower end of the pulling rod.

7. The method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step S400, the method further includes: S500: Start the electric lifting assembly in reverse direction to lower the extended end of the lifting rod downward; S600: After lowering until the load of the lifting assembly is completely transferred to the healthy insulator and the new insulator, remove the lifting rod, the lifting rod and the electric lifting assembly.

8. The method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S400, first disconnect one end of the damaged insulator connected to the coupling plate, then disconnect one end of the damaged insulator connected to the cross arm end, first install one end of the new insulator connected to the cross arm end, then install one end of the new insulator connected to the coupling plate.

9. The method for live replacement of composite insulators for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting rod is composed of two front and rear clamping plates, and the two clamping plates are connected to the two sides of the connecting plate through fasteners to be clamped on the connecting plate.

10. The live replacement method for composite insulators of UHV lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting rod is L-shaped, and the inflection point of the L-shaped lifting rod is used to lift one end of the connecting plate corresponding to the damaged insulator.

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