Coaxial hole machining machine tool and machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coaxial hole system processing machine tool which comprises a Y-direction guide rail, an X-direction guide rail is arranged on the Y-direction guide rail, the X-direction guide rail and the Y-direction guide rail are arranged to move relatively, a main shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the Y-direction guide rail, a rotating table is installed on the X-direction guide rail, and a clamping tool is arranged on the rotating table. The technical problem that in the prior art, time for auxiliary machining is long is solved. The machining method of the coaxial hole system comprises the steps that the machining machine tool of the coaxial hole system is used, a workpiece to be machined is aligned and fixed to the rotating table by aligning the main shaft of the horizontal numerical control machine tool and the coordinates of the rotating table, the workpiece to be machined is punched by moving the main shaft after the coordinates are recorded, the rotating table is rotated by 180 degrees after punching is completed, and then the workpiece to be machined is machined. And the main shaft is reversely moved to a corresponding distance to process the coaxial hole, so that the technical problem that the precision and the coaxiality of the coaxial hole are further influenced due to large accumulative errors caused by alignment in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and relates to a machining machine tool for coaxial hole systems, and also relates to a machining method for coaxial hole systems. Background Art

[0002] In current drilling pipe string automation equipment, many components are in the form of welded assemblies. After welding, some coaxial hole systems need to be machined integrally. Most of these holes have the same size at both ends and a smaller size in the middle, and relatively high precision and coaxiality requirements for the holes at both ends. Due to the large spacing between these coaxial hole systems and different hole diameters, usually there is no suitable tool that can complete the machining in one direction at a time. Using a large gantry milling machine can complete the machining by means of the rotation of the attachment head, but this will significantly increase the machining cost; while the machining on ordinary machine tools is more difficult, and it is very difficult to ensure the coaxiality. Therefore, a method that takes into account both machining cost and precision is needed to complete the machining of the above coaxial hole systems.

[0003] For such parts, a horizontal numerical control machine tool with a rotary table is mostly used for machining. During machining, the workpiece is first fixed on the rotary table of the machine tool, a reference is milled on one end face of the workpiece, and then the tool is aligned with a gauge block to machine the holes on the first end face; then the table is rotated 180°, and the tool is aligned with the gauge block again to find the center coordinates of the holes on the opposite side and machine them. However, this conventional machining method uses more auxiliary machining time in practice and is rather troublesome. And due to the need to align with the gauge block multiple times to find the hole center, a large cumulative error is generated finally, and it is very difficult to ensure the precision and coaxiality of the coaxial hole system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to provide a machining machine tool for coaxial hole systems, which solves the technical problem of more auxiliary machining time used in the existing machining method.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a machining method for coaxial hole systems, which solves the technical problem that the cumulative error caused by alignment in the existing technology further affects the precision and coaxiality of the coaxial holes.

[0006] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a machining machine tool for coaxial hole systems includes a Y-direction guide rail, an X-direction guide rail is arranged on the Y-direction guide rail, the X-direction guide rail and the Y-direction guide rail are arranged to move relative to each other, a main shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the Y-direction guide rail, a rotary table is installed on the X-direction guide rail, and a clamping tool is provided on the rotary table.

[0007] The feature of the first technical solution of the present invention is further that the rotary angle of the rotary table is 360°.

[0008] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is a processing method for coaxial hole systems. Using the above-mentioned processing machine tool for coaxial hole systems, by aligning the spindle and the rotary table coordinates of the horizontal numerical control machine tool, the workpiece to be processed is aligned and fixed to the rotary table. After recording the coordinates, the spindle is moved to drill holes in the workpiece to be processed. After the drilling is completed, the rotary table is rotated 180°, and the spindle is moved backward to the corresponding distance to process the coaxial holes.

[0009] The characteristics of the second technical solution of the present invention also lie in that

[0010] The processing method specifically includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Adjust the X-axis coordinate of the rotary table to coincide with the X-axis coordinate of the spindle.

[0012] Step 2: Align the workpiece to be processed.

[0013] Step 3: Clamp the workpiece to be processed to the rotary table through a clamping tool, and record the X-axis coordinate value of the rotary table as A.

[0014] Step 4: Move the spindle along the Y-axis to the position of hole a of the workpiece to be processed and record the X-axis coordinate of the spindle at this time, denoted as X1.

[0015] Step 5: Move the spindle along the Y-axis to drill hole a of the workpiece to be processed.

[0016] Step 6: Rotate the rotary table 180° along the rotation center.

[0017] Step 7: Keep the center height dimension of the spindle unchanged, manually adjust the X-axis coordinate value of the machine tool at this time to 2×A - X1, and move the spindle backward along the Y-axis to the position of hole a of the workpiece to be processed.

[0018] Step 8: Move the spindle along the Y-axis to drill hole a of the workpiece to be processed.

[0019] Step 2 is specifically: taking one surface of the workpiece to be processed as the reference surface, and using gauge blocks to determine the positional relationship between the reference surface and the rotary table.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The processing machine tool for coaxial hole systems of the present invention has a compact structure, is safe and reliable, easy to use, has strong versatility, can be applied to various numerical control machine tools including rotary tables, especially in mass production, the effect is particularly obvious, reduces production costs, improves product quality and processing efficiency, and solves the technical problem that the existing processing method uses more auxiliary processing time.

[0022] 2. The machining method of the coaxial hole system of the present invention, through the coordinate position relationship between the rotary table and the main shaft, after rotating the rotary table by 180°, according to the geometric relationship after its rotation, the coaxial hole system can be machined without secondary alignment, solving the technical problem in the prior art that the large cumulative error caused by such alignment further affects the accuracy and coaxiality of the coaxial pores. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the machining machine tool for the coaxial hole system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of machining hole b in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of machining hole a in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure, 1. Main shaft, 2. Y-direction guide rail, 3. Rotary table, 4. X-direction guide rail, 5. Hole a, 6. Workpiece to be machined, 7. Clamping tool, 8. Hole b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a machining machine tool for a coaxial hole system, including a Y-direction guide rail 2, on which an X-direction guide rail 4 is arranged. The X-direction guide rail 4 and the Y-direction guide rail 2 are arranged to move relative to each other. The end of the Y-direction guide rail 2 is fixedly connected with a main shaft 1. The X-direction guide rail 4 can move back and forth along a direction parallel to the main shaft 1. A rotary table 3 is installed on the X-direction guide rail 4. The rotary table 3 can move linearly along the X-direction guide rail 4, and a clamping tool 7 is provided on the rotary table 3.

[0030] During the machining of the present invention, first, the workpiece 6 to be machined is clamped on the rotary table 3. At this time, there is a certain dimensional relationship between the center of the workpiece 6 to be machined, the center of the main shaft 1, and the rotation center of the rotary table 3. After determining the center of one hole, the distance between the center of this hole and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 is a fixed value at this time; when the rotary table 3 rotates 180°, the distance between the center of the coaxial hole on the opposite side and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 is also this fixed value. At this time, only by moving the main shaft 1 in the other direction by this fixed value, the center of the hole on the opposite side can be found and machined, avoiding the cumulative error caused by milling the reference and multiple tool alignments, and ensuring both the machining accuracy and coaxiality of the coaxial hole system.

[0031] The structure of the present invention is compact, safe and reliable, easy to use, and has strong versatility. It can be applied to various numerical control machine tools equipped with rotary tables. Especially in mass production, the effect is particularly obvious, reducing production costs and improving product quality and processing efficiency.

[0032] Embodiment 2

[0033] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the rotary angle of the rotary table 3 is 360°, so that indexing and positioning at any angle can be realized. For example, if the angle is limited to 180°, although the technical means for solving the technical problems of the present invention can be realized, after each punching is completed, the rotary table 3 needs to be rotated back along the original path, increasing the number of rotations. However, the 360° rotation avoids this problem.

[0034] Embodiment 3

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for machining coaxial hole systems. Using the above-mentioned machining machine tool for coaxial hole systems, by aligning the spindle of the horizontal numerical control machine tool with the coordinates of the rotary table, the workpiece to be machined is aligned and fixed to the rotary table. After recording the coordinates, the spindle is moved to punch the workpiece to be machined. After punching, the rotary table is rotated 180°, and the spindle is moved in the reverse direction to a corresponding distance to machine the coaxial holes.

[0036] When machining the coaxial hole system to be machined holes a5 and b8 on the workpiece 6 to be machined, first use the clamping tool 7 to fix the workpiece 6 on the rotary table 3. The machining of the to-be-machined B hole 8 can be carried out according to the scribed position of the hole. At this time, the distance between the center of the to-be-machined hole b8 and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 is a fixed value X. When the machining of the to-be-machined B hole 8 is completed and the to-be-machined hole a5 needs to be machined, by rotating the rotary table 3 by 180°, at this time the to-be-machined hole a5 approaches the spindle 1, and the distance between the hole center and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 is also the fixed value X. Utilizing the geometric relationship between the hole center and the center of the rotary table 3 before and after the rotation of the rotary table 3, when finding the center coordinates of the coaxial to-be-machined hole a5 on the opposite side, there is no need to mill the reference surface on the workpiece 6 to be machined and measure the hole center coordinates by borrowing gauge blocks. Only the machine tool coordinates of the rotation center of the rotary table 3 relative to the center of the spindle 1 need to be found, and each time this coordinate can be used to easily find the center coordinates of the coaxial hole on the opposite side after the rotary table 3 rotates 180°.

[0037] The machining method of the coaxial hole system of the present invention is convenient to operate, requires less machining auxiliary time, adapts to various boring machine forms including rotary tables, and can effectively ensure the machining accuracy and coaxiality of the coaxial hole system. It reduces the milling reference surface and the tool setting link using gauge blocks during the machining of the coaxial hole system workpiece, saving a large amount of machining auxiliary time; reduces the machining errors generated by repeated tool setting during the machining process; while reducing production and processing costs, improves the machining accuracy of the product.

[0038] The specific steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] Step 1: Adjust the 3X-axis coordinate of the rotary table to coincide with the X-axis coordinate of the spindle 1;

[0040] Call the machine tool mechanical coordinate system to ensure that the X-axis coordinate of the rotation center of the rotary table 3 coincides with the X-axis coordinate of the center of the machine tool spindle 1, and record the X-axis coordinate A of the rotation center of the rotary table 3 at this time, which is also the X-axis coordinate of the machine tool spindle center;

[0041] Step 2: Align the workpiece 6 to be machined;

[0042] Place the workpiece 6 to be machined flat on the rotary table 3, and align the workpiece 6 to be machined by aligning the overall cross center line drawn on the workpiece 6 to be machined. It can also be that, taking one surface of the workpiece 6 to be machined as the reference surface, use gauge blocks to determine the positional relationship between the reference surface and the rotary table 3.

[0043] Step 3: Clamp the workpiece 6 to be machined on the rotary table 3, and record the X-axis coordinate value of the rotary table 3 as A;

[0044] Only need to align the center position of hole a5 according to the scribed line and record the X-axis coordinate value of the position of hole a5. There is no need to machine and align the tool setting reference as in the conventional method. The method of the present invention reduces the cumulative error caused by milling the reference and multiple tool settings in the conventional machining method, and effectively guarantees the machining accuracy and coaxiality of the coaxial hole system.

[0045] Step 4: Move the spindle 1 along the Y-axis to the position of hole a5 of the workpiece 6 to be machined and record the X-axis coordinate of the spindle 1 at this time, denoted as X1;

[0046] Steps 3 and 4 are specifically: after aligning the workpiece 6 to be machined, use the clamping tool 7 to press the workpiece 6 to be machined tightly on the rotary table 3. At this time, by moving the spindle 1 to the position of hole b8, align the hole machining circular line drawn at hole b8 on the workpiece 6 to be machined, and record the X-axis coordinate value X1 of the spindle 1 at this time. At this time, the machining of hole b8 can be carried out;

[0047] Step 5: Move the spindle 1 along the Y-axis to drill hole a5 of the workpiece 6 to be machined;

[0048] Step 6: Rotate the rotary table 3 by 180° around the rotation center;

[0049] Step 7: Keep the center height dimension of the spindle 1 unchanged, manually adjust the X-axis coordinate value of the machine tool at this time to 2×A - X1, and move the spindle 1 along the Y-axis in the reverse direction to the position of hole a5 of the workpiece 6 to be machined;

[0050] Step 8, move the main shaft 1 along the Y-axis to drill the hole a5 of the workpiece 6 to be machined.

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distance between the workpiece 6 to be machined and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 when machining the hole b8 to be machined. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distance between the workpiece 6 to be machined and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 when machining the hole a5 to be machined. When machining the hole b8 to be machined, at this time, the X-axis coordinate of the rotation center of the rotary table 3 is A, and the X-axis coordinate of the workpiece 6 to be machined is X1. Then the distance between the workpiece 6 to be machined and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 is X1 - A; when the rotary table 3 rotates 180° to machine the hole a5 to be machined, at this time, the distance between the hole center and the rotation center of the rotary table 3 should be equal to that when machining the hole b8 to be machined, that is, X1 - A = A - X2. At this time, the X-axis coordinate of the hole a5 to be machined is X2 = 2×A - X1. Therefore, after machining the hole b8 to be machined, when machining the hole a5 to be machined on the opposite side, only need to move the main shaft 1 by a distance of X1 in the other direction to find the center of the hole a5 to be machined.

Claims

1. A processing machine tool for coaxial hole systems, characterized in that, It includes a Y-direction guide rail (2), on which an X-direction guide rail (4) is arranged. The X-direction guide rail (4) and the Y-direction guide rail (2) are set to move relative to each other. The end of the Y-direction guide rail (2) is fixedly connected with a main shaft (1). An indexing table (3) is installed on the X-direction guide rail (4), and a clamping tool (7) is provided on the indexing table (3).

2. The processing machine tool for a coaxial hole system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indexing table (3) rotates at an angle of 360°.

3. Method for machining a coaxial hole system, using the machining tool for a coaxial hole system according to claim 2, characterized in that, By aligning the coordinates of the main shaft and the indexing table of the horizontal CNC machine tool, aligning the workpiece to be machined and fixing it to the indexing table, recording the coordinates, and then moving the main shaft to drill holes in the workpiece to be machined. After the drilling is completed, rotate the indexing table 180°, and move the main shaft in the reverse direction to a corresponding distance to machine coaxial holes.

4. The machining method of the coaxial hole system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The machining method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the X-axis coordinate of the indexing table (3) to coincide with the X-axis coordinate of the main shaft (1); Step 2: Align the workpiece to be machined (6); Step 3: Clamp the workpiece to be machined (6) to the indexing table (3) through the clamping tool (7), and record the X-axis coordinate value of the indexing table (3) as A; Step 4: Move the main shaft (1) along the Y-axis to the position of hole a (5) of the workpiece to be machined (6) and record the X-axis coordinate of the main shaft (1) at this time, denoted as X1; Step 5: Move the main shaft (1) along the Y-axis to drill hole a (5) of the workpiece to be machined (6); Step 6: Rotate the indexing table (3) 180° along the rotation center; Step 7: Keep the center height dimension of the main shaft (1) unchanged, manually adjust the X-direction coordinate value of the machine tool at this time to 2×A - X1, and move the main shaft (1) along the Y-axis in the reverse direction to the position of hole a (5) of the workpiece to be machined (6); Step 8: Move the main shaft (1) along the Y-axis to drill hole a (5) of the workpiece to be machined (6).

5. The machining method of the coaxial hole system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific content of Step 2 is: Taking one surface of the workpiece to be machined (6) as the reference surface, use gauge blocks to determine the positional relationship between the reference surface and the indexing table (3).

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