Hatch cover inner stepping structure, ship and using method of stepping structure

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a step structure in a hatch cover, a ship and a using method of the step structure. The step structure comprises a fixing lug plate, and the fixing lug plate is fixed to the outer vertical face of a hatch coaming; the rotating arms are arranged in pairs, and one ends of the rotating arms are hinged to the fixed lug plates through hinge assemblies; the plurality of pedals are correspondingly fixed between the two groups of rotating arms which are arranged in pairs, and the plurality of pedals and the two groups of rotating arms form a crawling ladder; the ladder stand can rotate to a first position by surrounding the hinge assembly, at the first position, the ladder stand is located in the hatch to serve as a stepping structure for people to pass through, the ladder stand can also rotate to a second position by surrounding the hinge assembly, and at the second position, the ladder stand is contained in the outer side space of the hatch coaming. According to the embodiment of the invention, the structure is simple, the manufacturing is convenient, the step can be rotated in real time to realize position switching according to different requirements of personnel access or cargo hoisting, so that personnel access is facilitated, the clearance of a hoisting area is increased, and adverse effects on cargo hoisting are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship outfitting, and particularly to a step structure inside a hatch cover, a ship, and a method for using the step structure. Background Art

[0002] In some compartments of a ship, such as storage compartments, equipment rooms, sail locker rooms, etc., hatch covers are basically provided on the upper deck. These hatch covers mainly serve as emergency exits for personnel, entrances and exits, and cargo entrances and exits. There are mainly two existing technologies. One is that no steps are provided on the hatch coaming, and after reaching the lower end of the hatch cover through a straight ladder below, one directly crosses the hatch cover. The other is that fixed steps are welded on the hatch coaming. In the first case, since the height of the hatch coaming plate can usually reach 600 mm, it is difficult and inconvenient for personnel to directly cross. In the other case of welding fixed steps, it will occupy the clear space of the hatch coaming and affect the hoisting in and out of goods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a step structure inside a hatch cover, a ship, and a method for using the step structure to solve the technical problems that the existing method without steps will cause inconvenience for personnel to enter and exit, and the method of setting fixed steps will occupy the clear space of the hatch coaming and affect the hoisting in and out of goods.

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention provide a step structure inside a hatch cover, and the step structure includes:

[0005] Fixed ear plates, which are fixedly arranged on the outer vertical surface of the hatch coaming;

[0006] Rotating arms, which are arranged in pairs, and one end of each rotating arm is hinged to the fixed ear plate through a hinge assembly;

[0007] A plurality of treads, which are correspondingly fixed between two sets of rotating arms arranged in pairs. The plurality of treads are arranged at intervals along the rotating arms and form a ladder together with the two sets of rotating arms;

[0008] The ladder can be rotated around the hinge assembly to a first position. At the first position, the ladder is located inside the hatch as a step structure for personnel to pass through. The ladder can also be rotated around the hinge assembly to a second position. At the second position, the ladder is stored in the space outside the hatch coaming to avoid occupying the hoisting space within the hatch range.

[0009] In one embodiment, when the ladder is in the first position or the second position, the rotating arm and the fixed ear plate are fixed through an additional limiting component. At this time, the rotating arm cannot rotate relative to the hinge assembly.

[0010] In one embodiment, the fixed ear plate includes a horizontally disposed ear plate cross portion and a vertically disposed ear plate upright portion integrally connected. One end of the ear plate cross portion is fixed to the outer vertical surface of the hatch coaming, and the other end extends as a cantilever end to the outside of the hatch coaming. A first through hole for arranging a hinge assembly is provided at the cantilever end, and a second through hole for arranging a limiting assembly is also provided on the ear plate cross portion inside the first through hole. The ear plate upright portion is vertically disposed, its bottom end is fixedly connected to the ear plate cross portion, and a second through hole for arranging a limiting assembly is also provided at its top end.

[0011] In one embodiment, the rotating arm includes a first arm limb, a connecting portion, and a second arm limb integrally connected. The first arm limb, the connecting portion, and the second arm limb form a U-shaped structure. A first through hole for arranging a hinge assembly is provided at the end of the first arm limb, and second through holes for arranging a limiting assembly are provided at the junction of the first arm limb and the connecting portion and on the connecting portion.

[0012] In one embodiment, the hinge assembly includes a pin shaft inserted into the first through hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the hinge assembly further includes a bushing sleeved on the rod body of the pin shaft.

[0014] In one embodiment, the limiting assembly includes a tongue pin inserted into the second through hole.

[0015] In one embodiment, the present invention further provides a ship, and the ship includes the above-mentioned step structure.

[0016] In one embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for using the step structure, and the method includes:

[0017] Based on the above-mentioned step structure inside the hatch cover;

[0018] When personnel enter or leave the cabin through the hatch, rotate the ladder to the first position;

[0019] When cargo is hoisted through the hatch, rotate the ladder to the second position.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a step structure inside a hatch cover, a ship, and a method of using the step structure provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: The structure of the embodiments of the present invention is simple, easy to manufacture, and low in cost. By providing a fixed ear plate, a rotating arm, and a pedal to form a step structure, and the rotating arm is ingeniously rotatably hinged to the fixed ear plate through a hinge assembly. Furthermore, according to different requirements of personnel entry and exit or cargo hoisting, the rotating arm can be rotated in real time to quickly switch the setting position of the step structure. The operation is simple and fast. When personnel enter and exit, the step structure can be rotated to the inner side of the hatch coaming to provide passage assistance, facilitating personnel to cross the hatch coaming. When cargo is hoisted, the step structure can be completely rotated to the outer side of the hatch coaming, avoiding occupying the internal clearance inside the hatch, increasing the hoisting area space, reducing the difficulty of cargo hoisting, and making the cargo hoisting more convenient and fast. Moreover, on this basis, the present invention further adds a limit component, so that the step structure after position switching is fixed by the two-way positioning method of two groups of pin shafts, effectively improving the position stability of the step structure and ensuring the safety of personnel passage and cargo hoisting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a step structure inside a hatch cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention when personnel enter and exit;

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural view of the A-A section in FIG. 6;

[0023] Figure 3 FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a step structure inside a hatch cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention when personnel enter and exit;

[0024] Figure 4 FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a step structure inside a hatch cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention when cargo enters and exits;

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic structural view of the B-B section in FIG. 8;

[0026] Figure 6 FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a step structure inside a hatch cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention when cargo enters and exits;

[0027] Figure 7 FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fixed ear plate involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a rotating arm involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Signs:

[0030] 1. Fixed earplate; 101. Horizontal part of the earplate; 102. Vertical part of the earplate; 2. Rotating arm; 201. First arm limb; 202. Connecting part; 203. Second arm limb; 3. Pedal; 4. Bushing; 5. Pin shaft; 6. Tongue bolt; 7. First through hole; 8. Second through hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0032] Reference is made herein to the various aspects and features of the present application as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] These and other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description of the preferred forms of the embodiments given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] It should also be understood that although the present application has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art can surely implement many other equivalent forms of the present application, which have the features as described in the claims and thus are all within the protection scope defined hereby.

[0035] When combined with the accompanying drawings, the above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent in view of the following detailed description.

[0036] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the claimed embodiments are merely examples of the present application and can be implemented in various ways. Well-known and / or repetitive functions and structures are not described in detail to clarify the true intention according to the user's historical operations and to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details claimed herein are not intended to be limiting, but are merely used as a basis for the claims and a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to use the present application in substantially any suitable detailed structure in a variety of ways.

[0037] This specification may use the phrase "in one embodiment", "in another embodiment", "in yet another embodiment" or "in other embodiments", which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present application.

[0038] The principles and features of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following Figure 1-8 , a further detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given:

[0039] As Figure 1-6 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a structure of an inner step of a hatch cover, including:

[0040] A fixed ear plate 1, wherein the fixed ear plate 1 is fixedly arranged on the outer facade of the hatch coaming to serve as a hinge seat of the rotating arm 2 to facilitate the installation of the rotating arm 2;

[0041] Rotating arms 2, the rotating arms 2 are arranged in pairs, and one end of the rotating arm 2 is hinged to the fixed ear plate 1 through a hinge assembly;

[0042] A plurality of pedals 3, wherein the pedals 3 are correspondingly fixed between two sets of rotating arms 2 arranged in pairs, and the plurality of pedals 3 are arranged at intervals along the rotating arms 2 and form a ladder with the two sets of rotating arms 2. In a preferred embodiment, the pedals 3 are made of square steel, which is light and strong and can effectively prevent slipping;

[0043] The ladder can be rotated around the hinge assembly to a first position, in which the ladder is located in the hatch as a stepping structure for personnel to pass through. The ladder can also be rotated around the hinge assembly to a second position, in which the ladder is stored in the space outside the hatch coaming to avoid occupying the lifting space within the hatch.

[0044] Although the single rotating arm 2 is hingedly mounted on the fixed ear plate 1 through a group of hinged components, the function of adjusting the position of the step structure can be achieved. However, when in use, since its position can be moved at any time, its stability will be relatively poor. When people climb, the step structure used as a ladder may shake, causing safety hazards to people. At the same time, when the step structure is completely rotated to the outside of the hatch coaming to make room for cargo lifting, the position instability caused by the connection method of the single hinged component may also cause the step structure to rotate inward and move to the cargo lifting path under unexpected disturbance factors, thereby causing problems such as obstruction of cargo lifting or cargo falling. In order to better deal with the above problems, in one embodiment, when the ladder is in the first position or the second position, the rotating arm 2 and the fixed ear plate 1 are further fixed by an additional limit assembly. After the limit assembly is added, the rotating arm 2 cannot rotate relative to the hinge assembly. The step structure rotated into position can be firmly fixed to the fixed ear plate 1 through the additional limit assembly.

[0045] The specific structure of the fixed ear plate 1 and the rotating arm 2 can be determined comprehensively according to factors such as the size of the hatch coaming, the limitation of manufacturing materials, and the situation of the passing personnel. Figure 7As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the fixed ear plate 1 includes a horizontally disposed ear plate transverse portion 101 and a vertically disposed ear plate vertical portion 102 that are integrally connected. The ear plate transverse portion 101 is horizontally arranged, one end of which is fixed to the outer vertical surface of the hatch coaming by welding, and the other end extends to the outside of the hatch coaming as a cantilever end. A first through hole 7 for arranging a hinge assembly is provided at the cantilever end of the ear plate transverse portion 101, and a second through hole 8 for arranging a limit assembly is further provided on the ear plate transverse portion 101 inside the first through hole 7. The ear plate vertical portion 102 is vertically arranged, the bottom end of which is connected and fixed to the ear plate transverse portion 101, and a second through hole 8 for arranging a limit assembly is also provided at the top end thereof.

[0046] Matched therewith, as Figure 8 shown, the rotating arm 2 includes an integrally connected first arm limb 201, a connecting portion 202, and a second arm limb 203. The first arm limb 201, the connecting portion 202, and the second arm limb 203 form a U-shaped structure. A first through hole 7 for arranging a hinge assembly is provided at the end of the first arm limb 201, and second through holes 8 for arranging a limit assembly are provided at the junction position of the first arm limb 201 and the connecting portion 202 and on the connecting portion 202.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, when the rotating arm 2 rotates to the first position, the second through hole 8 at the position of the connecting portion 202 is aligned with the second through hole 8 at the top end of the ear plate vertical portion 102 of the fixed ear plate 1. At this time, a limit assembly is inserted into the two aligned second through holes 8 to firmly fix the rotating arm 2 on the fixed ear plate 1. Similarly, as Figure 4 shown, when the rotating arm 2 rotates to the second position, the second through hole 8 at the junction position of the first arm limb 201 and the connecting portion 202 will be aligned with the second through hole 8 provided on the ear plate transverse portion 101. At this time, a limit assembly is inserted into the two aligned second through holes 8 to firmly fix the rotating arm 2 on the fixed ear plate 1, thereby avoiding a series of safety problems caused by the swinging of the rotating arm 2.

[0048] In order to more conveniently install and remove the hinge assembly, in one embodiment, the hinge assembly includes a pin shaft 5 inserted into the first through hole 7. On this basis, in another embodiment, the hinge assembly further includes a bushing 4 sleeved on the rod body of the pin shaft 5. The hinge assembly in the form of the pin shaft 5 is very convenient to install and remove. At the same time, the addition of the bushing 4 can effectively avoid the problem of rotational jamming, enabling the pin shaft 5 to rotate more smoothly.

[0049] The specific model of the limiting component can be reasonably selected according to actual usage requirements. For example, various limiting parts such as bolts, pins, and pin shafts 5 can be selected. In one embodiment, for the convenience of installation and disassembly, the limiting component is selected in the structural form of a tongue bolt 6. The installation and disassembly of the tongue bolt 6 are very convenient, and even workers can complete it by hand. After the limiting component is installed, it will form two limiting points with the hinge component, thereby avoiding the rotation of the rotating arm 2. At the same time, the limiting component and the hinge component should preferably select models with similar outer diameters of the rods. In this way, in the prefabrication stage, the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8 can be opened by the same hole-opening equipment with the same hole diameter to reduce the difficulty of hole opening.

[0050] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a ship, and the ship includes the step structure as described above.

[0051] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a usage method of the step structure. Based on the step structure in the hatch cover as described above, the usage method includes;

[0052] When personnel enter and exit the cabin through the hatch, rotate the ladder to the first position to facilitate the passing personnel to use it as a step to enter and exit the hatch.

[0053] When lifting goods through the hatch, rotate the ladder to the second position to ensure that the entire ladder is outside the hatch coaming, so as to vacate the entire hatch space inside the hatch coaming to increase the lifting and passing space for goods.

[0054] Of course, after adding the limiting component, the above usage method can be further optimized as follows:

[0055] When personnel enter and exit the cabin through the hatch, rotate the ladder to the first position, and insert the limiting component into the aligned second through hole 8 to fix the rotating arm 2 to the fixed ear plate 1 to facilitate the passing personnel to use it as a step to enter and exit the hatch.

[0056] When lifting goods through the hatch, rotate the ladder to the second position, and insert the limiting component into the aligned second through hole 8 to fix the rotating arm 2 to the fixed ear plate 1 to ensure that the entire ladder is outside the hatch coaming, so as to vacate the entire hatch space inside the hatch coaming to increase the lifting and passing space for goods.

[0057] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hatch cover inner step structure, characterized in that: The step structure comprises: A fixed ear plate (1), wherein the fixed ear plate (1) is fixedly arranged on the outer facade of the hatch coaming; Rotating arms (2), the rotating arms (2) are arranged in pairs, and one end of the rotating arm (2) is hinged to the fixed ear plate (1) through a hinge assembly; A plurality of pedals (3), wherein the pedals (3) are correspondingly fixed between two sets of rotating arms (2) arranged in pairs, and the plurality of pedals (3) are arranged at intervals along the rotating arms (2) and form a ladder with the two sets of rotating arms (2); The ladder can be rotated around the hinge assembly to a first position, in which the ladder is located in the hatch as a stepping structure for personnel to pass through. The ladder can also be rotated around the hinge assembly to a second position, in which the ladder is stored in the space outside the hatch coaming to avoid occupying the lifting space within the hatch.

2. The hatch cover inner step structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the ladder is located at the first position or the second position, the rotating arm (2) and the fixed ear plate (1) are fixed by means of an additional limiting assembly. After the limiting assembly is added, the rotating arm (2) cannot perform rotational movement relative to the hinge assembly.

3. The hatch cover inner step structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed ear plate (1) comprises an ear plate transverse portion (101) and an ear plate vertical portion (102) which are connected in one piece. The ear plate transverse portion (101) is arranged horizontally, one end of which is fixed on the outer facade of the hatch coaming, and the other end extends to the outer side of the hatch coaming as a cantilevered end. The cantilevered end is provided with a first through hole (7) for setting a hinge assembly, and the ear plate transverse portion (101) inside the first through hole (7) is also provided with a second through hole (8) for setting a limit assembly. The ear plate vertical portion (102) is arranged vertically, and its bottom end is connected and fixed to the ear plate transverse portion (101), and its top end is also provided with a second through hole (8) for setting a limit assembly.

4. The hatch cover inner step structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating arm (2) comprises a first arm limb (201), a connecting portion (202) and a second arm limb (203) which are integrally connected, wherein the first arm limb (201), the connecting portion (202) and the second arm limb (203) form a U-shaped structure, a first through hole (7) for setting a hinge assembly is provided at the end of the first arm limb (201), and a second through hole (8) for setting a limit assembly is provided at the junction of the first arm limb (201) and the connecting portion (202) and on the connecting portion (202).

5. The hatch cover inner step structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hinge assembly comprises a pin shaft (5) which is inserted into a first through hole (7).

6. The hatch cover inner step structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinge assembly also includes a bushing (4) sleeved on the rod body of the pin shaft (5).

7. The hatch cover inner step structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting component comprises a tongue-carrying latch (6) which is inserted into the second through hole.

8. A ship, characterized in that: The ship comprises the step structure according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A method for using a step structure, characterized in that: A hatch cover inner step structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7; When personnel enter or exit the cabin through the hatch, the ladder is rotated to the first position; When cargo is lifted through the hatch, the ladder is rotated to the second position.

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