Two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material preparation, in particular to a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion liquid; (2) preparing modified epoxidized natural rubber; and (3) mixing the alkaline amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion liquid with modified epoxidized natural rubber, and adopting a wet chemical method to obtain the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material. According to the invention, not only is the dispersibility of the two-dimensional material in the epoxidized natural rubber improved, but also the composite material is endowed with excellent conductivity, and the electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties of the composite material are achieved at the same time; the problems of contradiction between strength and toughness, reduction of ductility, contradiction between mechanical property and shielding property and the like of an epoxidized natural rubber-based composite material in the prior art are effectively solved, and the composite material is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material preparation, and relates to a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic information technology and electronic devices, electromagnetic radiation has been everywhere. It not only affects the normal operation of neighboring electronic devices, but also poses a potential threat to human health, making electromagnetic radiation pollution a global environmental problem; traditional electromagnetic shielding materials have the disadvantages of high rigidity and poor processability, and cannot meet the growing demands of wearable electromagnetic shielding systems. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to develop flexible, high-strength and durable electromagnetic shielding materials.

[0003] Two-dimensional nanomaterials have a large specific surface area, adjustable electrical properties and rich functional groups, and show great application potential in the field of electromagnetic shielding. However, the films prepared from pure two-dimensional materials have deficiencies such as poor toughness and durability, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications, which limits their large-scale production and application; in order to improve the mechanical flexibility, stretchability and durability of two-dimensional materials, they can be combined with flexible polymers (such as epoxidized natural rubber). However, due to the lack of effective interfacial interaction between two-dimensional materials and epoxidized natural rubber, while improving one of the mechanical properties, electromagnetic shielding properties or functions, one of the properties is sacrificed. Therefore, developing a new type of two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material with excellent mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding properties is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material, which improves the dispersion and compatibility of two-dimensional materials in epoxidized natural rubber, thereby improving the strength, toughness and durability of the composite material. At the same time, its isolation structure improves the conductivity of the composite material, so that the composite material has good electromagnetic shielding performance, and solves the problem of the contradiction between the mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding properties of the composite material in the prior art.

[0005] A second object of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0006] A third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material in the field of electromagnetic shielding.

[0007] In order to achieve the first object of the invention, the present invention can be realized by the following technical solutions: A preparation method of a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material includes the following steps:

[0008] Prepare a dispersion of alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material;

[0009] Prepare modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0010] Mix the dispersion of alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material with the modified epoxidized natural rubber and use a wet chemical method to obtain a two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the present invention, an esterification covalent reaction occurs between the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the two-dimensional material and the carboxyl groups of the alkaline amino acids to prepare an alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material; at the same time, an epoxy ring-opening reaction occurs between the amino group of tryptophan and the epoxy group on the epoxidized natural rubber to prepare tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber. Therefore, a dynamic cation-π interaction will form between the alkaline amino acid and tryptophan. This interaction enables the two-dimensional material to be orderly distributed at the interface of the epoxidized natural rubber particles, forming an interconnected network, endowing the composite material with excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance; at the same time, the dynamic cation-π interaction improves the interfacial interaction between the two-dimensional material and the epoxidized natural rubber, making it easier to overcome the contradiction among strength, toughness, and durability existing in the composite material, thereby improving the strength, toughness, and durability of the composite material and endowing the composite material with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, providing an excellent two-dimensional material-based composite material with both strength, toughness, and shielding performance.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the dispersion of alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material specifically includes:

[0013] Mix the two-dimensional material with deionized water to obtain a dispersion of the two-dimensional material, and then add an alkaline amino acid and a catalyst under magnetic stirring conditions for reaction. Through a covalent reaction, a dispersion of alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material is prepared.

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional material is reduced graphene oxide or MXene; the alkaline amino acid is arginine, lysine, or histidine; the mass ratio of the alkaline amino acid to the two-dimensional material is 1:100 - 1:10.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst includes 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the mass ratio of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide to 4-dimethylaminopyridine is 1:1.

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reaction temperature is 100 °C; the reaction time is 3 h.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the modified epoxidized natural rubber specifically includes: using tryptophan to modify epoxidized natural rubber to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the use of tryptophan to modify epoxidized natural rubber specifically includes: adding tryptophan to deionized water, then adding an alkali solution to adjust the pH to 10, and then adding epoxidized natural rubber, stirring, and reacting to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of tryptophan to epoxidized natural rubber is 1:100 - 1:10; the reaction temperature is 100 °C; the reaction time is 3 h.

[0020] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the process of mixing the alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material dispersion liquid with the modified epoxidized natural rubber and using a wet chemical method to obtain the two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material:

[0021] The mass ratio of the alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material dispersion liquid to the modified epoxidized natural rubber is 1:50 - 1:10.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: when the alkaline amino acids are arginine or lysine or histidine respectively, cation-π interactions are formed between the arginine-modified two-dimensional material and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber emulsion, cation-π interactions are formed between the histidine-modified two-dimensional material and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber emulsion, and cation-π interactions are formed between the lysine-modified two-dimensional material and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber emulsion. These interactions enable the two-dimensional materials to be orderly distributed on the interface of the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber particles, forming an interconnected network; in addition, the dynamic supramolecular cation-π interface helps to enhance the toughness of the composite material; therefore, the cation-π interaction and the good interconnected conductive network endow the composite film material with excellent mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding properties.

[0023] In order to achieve the second invention object, the present invention can be realized by the following technical solution: providing a two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material has excellent strength, toughness, durability and electromagnetic shielding properties.

[0025] In order to achieve the third invention object, the present invention provides the application of the two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material in the field of electromagnetic shielding.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) By improving the interfacial interaction between the two-dimensional material and epoxidized natural rubber, the present invention enhances the strength, toughness, and durability of the composite material, endows the composite material with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, effectively solves the contradiction between the mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite material in the prior art, and is suitable for industrial production.

[0028] (2) Through the esterification reaction between the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the two-dimensional material and the carboxyl groups of basic amino acids, the present invention prepares basic amino acid-modified two-dimensional materials. The amino group of tryptophan and the epoxy ring opening reaction on epoxidized natural rubber prepare tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber. A dynamic cation-π interaction will form between the basic amino acid and tryptophan. This interaction enables the two-dimensional material to be orderly distributed at the interface of epoxidized natural rubber particles, forming an interconnected network, endowing the composite material with excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance. At the same time, the dynamic cation-π interaction improves the interfacial interaction between the two-dimensional material and epoxidized natural rubber, making it easier to overcome the contradictions among the strength, toughness, and durability existing in the composite material, thereby enhancing the strength, toughness, and durability of the composite material, and effectively solving problems such as the contradiction between the strength and toughness of two-dimensional material-based composite materials and the contradiction between mechanical properties and shielding performance in the prior art.

[0029] (3) The preparation process of the two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material of the present invention is simple, the preparation process is green and environmentally friendly, meets the requirements of current sustainable development, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Tensile photos of the composite material obtained in Example 2 of the present invention under different strains;

[0031] Figure 2 Stress-strain curve graphs of epoxidized natural rubber and the composite material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 TEM image of the composite material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Electromagnetic shielding performance graph of the composite material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 Durability performance graph of the composite material prepared by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A preparation method of a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material includes the following steps:

[0038] (1) Prepare a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion: Dissolve 0.004 g of arginine in distilled water, add it to a suspension containing 0.08 g of reduced graphene oxide, add a catalyst composed of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g, mass ratio 1:1), react at 100 °C for 3 h, and then centrifuge and wash the suspension to obtain an arginine modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion;

[0039] (2) Prepare tryptophan modified epoxidized natural rubber: Dissolve 0.05 g of tryptophan in distilled water, adjust the pH of the solution to 10 with 1 M NaOH, then add this solution to 1 g of ENR latex, stir vigorously, and react at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain tryptophan modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0040] (3) Mix the arginine modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1) and the tryptophan modified epoxidized natural rubber obtained in step (2). The mass ratio of the arginine modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion to the tryptophan modified epoxidized natural rubber is 3:50. Stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, then ultrasonicate for 30 min to make it uniformly dispersed. Use the vacuum assisted suction filtration method for suction filtration to uniformly disperse the mixed solution on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm to prepare a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A preparation method of a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material includes the following steps:

[0043] (1) Prepare a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion: Dissolve 0.004 g of arginine in distilled water, add it to a suspension containing 0.08 g of MXene, add a catalyst composed of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g, mass ratio 1:1), react at 100 °C for 3 h, and then centrifuge and wash the suspension to obtain an arginine modified MXene dispersion;

[0044] (2) Preparation of tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber: Dissolve 0.05 g of tryptophan in distilled water, adjust the pH of the solution to 10 with 1 M NaOH, then add this solution to 1 g of ENR latex, stir vigorously, and react at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0045] (3) Mix the arginine-modified MXene dispersion obtained in step (1) and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber obtained in step (2). The mass ratio of the arginine-modified MXene dispersion to the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber is 3:50. Stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, then sonicate for 30 min to make it uniformly dispersed. Use the vacuum-assisted filtration method for filtration to make the mixed solution uniformly dispersed on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm, and prepare a two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A preparation method of a two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) Preparation of a basic amino acid-modified two-dimensional material dispersion: Dissolve 0.004 g of lysine in distilled water, add it to a suspension containing 0.08 g of reduced graphene oxide, add a catalyst composed of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g, mass ratio 1:1), react at 100 °C for 3 h, and then centrifuge and wash the suspension to obtain a lysine-modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion;

[0049] (2) Preparation of tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber: Dissolve 0.05 g of tryptophan in distilled water, adjust the pH of the solution to 10 with 1 M NaOH, then add this solution to 1 g of ENR latex, stir vigorously, and react at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0050] (3) Mix the lysine-modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1) and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber obtained in step (2). The mass ratio of the lysine-modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion to the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber is 3:50. Stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, then sonicate for 30 min to make it uniformly dispersed. Use the vacuum-assisted filtration method for filtration to make the mixed solution uniformly dispersed on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm, and prepare a two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] A preparation method of a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite, comprising the following steps:

[0053] (1) Prepare a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion: Dissolve 0.004 g of lysine in distilled water, add it to a suspension containing 0.08 g of MXene, add a catalyst composed of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g, mass ratio 1:1), react at 100 °C for 3 h, and then centrifuge and wash the suspension to obtain a lysine-modified MXene dispersion;

[0054] (2) Prepare tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber: Dissolve 0.05 g of tryptophan in distilled water, adjust the pH of the solution to 10 with 1 M NaOH, then add this solution to 1 g of ENR latex, stir vigorously, and react at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0055] (3) Mix the lysine-modified MXene dispersion obtained in step (1) and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber obtained in step (2). The mass ratio of the lysine-modified MXene dispersion to the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber is 3:50. Stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, then sonicate for 30 min to make it uniformly dispersed. Use vacuum-assisted suction filtration to filter, so that the mixed solution is uniformly dispersed on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm to obtain a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] A preparation method of a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite, comprising the following steps:

[0058] (1) Prepare a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion: Dissolve 0.004 g of histidine in distilled water, add it to a suspension containing 0.08 g of reduced graphene oxide, add a catalyst composed of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g, mass ratio 1:1), react at 100 °C for 3 h, and then centrifuge and wash the suspension to obtain a histidine-modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion;

[0059] (2) Prepare tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber: Dissolve 0.05 g of tryptophan in distilled water, adjust the pH of the solution to 10 with 1 M NaOH, then add this solution to 1 g of ENR latex, stir vigorously, and react at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0060] (3) Mix the histidine-modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion obtained in step (1) and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber obtained in step (2). The mass ratio of the histidine-modified reduced graphene oxide dispersion to the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber is 3:50. Stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, then sonicate for 30 min to make them evenly dispersed. Perform suction filtration using the vacuum-assisted suction filtration method to evenly disperse the mixed solution on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm, and obtain the two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0061] Example 6

[0062] A preparation method of a two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0063] (1) Prepare an alkaline amino acid-modified two-dimensional material dispersion: Dissolve 0.004 g of histidine in distilled water, add it to a suspension containing 0.08 g of MXene, add a catalyst composed of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g, mass ratio 1:1), react at 100 °C for 3 h, and then centrifuge and wash the suspension to obtain a histidine-modified MXene dispersion;

[0064] (2) Prepare tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber: Dissolve 0.05 g of tryptophan in distilled water, adjust the pH of the solution to 10 with 1 M NaOH, then add this solution to 1 g of ENR latex, stir vigorously, and react at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber;

[0065] (3) Mix the histidine-modified MXene dispersion obtained in step (1) and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber obtained in step (2). The mass ratio of the histidine-modified MXene dispersion to the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber is 3:50. Stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, then sonicate for 30 min to make them evenly dispersed. Perform suction filtration using the vacuum-assisted suction filtration method to evenly disperse the mixed solution on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm, and obtain the two-dimensional material-modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material.

[0066] Example 7:

[0067] Replace the mass ratio of the arginine-modified reduced graphene oxide and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 1:50, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0068] Example 8:

[0069] Replace the mass ratio of the arginine-modified reduced graphene oxide and the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 1:25, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Example 9:

[0071] Replace the mass ratio of arginine-modified reduced graphene oxide and tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 1:10, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Example 10:

[0073] Replace the mass ratio of arginine-modified reduced graphene oxide and tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 2:25, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0074] Example 11:

[0075] Replace the mass ratio of arginine-modified MXene and tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 1:50, and the rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0076] Example 12:

[0077] Replace the mass ratio of arginine-modified MXene and tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 1:25, and the rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0078] Example 13:

[0079] Replace the mass ratio of arginine-modified MXene and tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 1:10, and the rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0080] Example 14:

[0081] Replace the mass ratio of arginine-modified MXene and tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber in step (1) with 2:25, and the rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0082] Example 15:

[0083] Replace the vacuum filtration method in step (3) with the self-assembly method or the doctor blade method, and the rest is the same as in Examples 1-14.

[0084] Comparative Example 1:

[0085] Mix the two-dimensional material dispersion with epoxidized natural rubber, stir magnetically at room temperature for 30 min, and then sonicate for 30 min to make it uniformly dispersed. Use the vacuum-assisted filtration method for filtration to uniformly disperse the mixed solution on a water-based filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm to obtain the composite material.

[0086] Comparative Example 2:

[0087] Use the self-assembly method to obtain an epoxidized natural rubber film from epoxidized natural rubber.

[0088] Test Example

[0089] I. The optical photograph of the composite material prepared in Example 2 is shown in Figure 1 : It can be seen from Figure 1 that the composite material exhibits good flexibility.

[0090] II. The stress-strain curve test was carried out on the MXene composite material prepared in Example 2 and the epoxidized natural rubber prepared in Comparative Example 2, and the results are shown in Figure 2 .

[0091] It can be seen from Figure 2 that the tensile strength and elongation at break of pure epoxidized natural rubber are very low, while the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite material of the present invention are significantly improved. The tensile strength and elongation at break are 18.7 MPa and 1055% respectively. Compared with pure epoxidized natural rubber, the tensile strength and elongation at break are increased by 110 times and 1.1 times respectively.

[0092] III. The cross-section TEM and electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite material prepared in Example 2 were detected, and the results are shown in Figures 3 - 5 :

[0093] It can be seen from Figure 3 that the cross-section of the composite material of the present invention presents an isolation structure;

[0094] It can be seen from Figure 4 that the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the composite material of the present invention at 8.2 GHz is higher than the commercial requirement (20 dB);

[0095] It can be seen from Figure 5 that the composite material of the present invention has excellent environmental resistance.

[0096] In summary, the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material provided by the present invention not only improves the dispersion of two-dimensional materials in epoxidized natural rubber, but also endows the composite material with excellent conductivity, achieving both electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties of the composite material, effectively solving the problems of the contradiction between strength and toughness, reduced ductility, and the contradiction between mechanical properties and shielding properties in the existing epoxidized natural rubber-based composite materials, and is suitable for industrial production.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate the technical implementation solutions of this material and not to limit. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: preparing a dispersion of a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material; Preparation of modified epoxidized natural rubber; The alkaline amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion is mixed with modified epoxidized natural rubber, and a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material is obtained by a wet chemical method.

2. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion specifically includes: The two-dimensional material is mixed with deionized water to obtain a two-dimensional material dispersion, and then a basic amino acid and a catalyst are added under magnetic stirring conditions to react, so as to obtain a basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion through a covalent reaction.

3. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two-dimensional material is reduced graphene oxide or MXene; the basic amino acid is arginine, lysine or histidine; the mass ratio of the basic amino acid to the two-dimensional material is 1:100-1:10; The catalyst comprises 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, wherein the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide to the 4-dimethylaminopyridine is 1:1; The reaction temperature is 100° C. and the reaction time is 3 h.

4. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of modified epoxidized natural rubber specifically comprises: The epoxidized natural rubber is modified by tryptophan to obtain the tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber.

5. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of modifying the epoxidized natural rubber with tryptophan specifically comprises: Tryptophan is added into deionized water, and then an alkaline solution is added to adjust the pH value to 10, and then epoxidized natural rubber is added, stirred, and reacted to obtain tryptophan-modified epoxidized natural rubber.

6. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of tryptophan to epoxidized natural rubber is 1:100-1:10; the reaction temperature is 100° C.; and the reaction time is 3 hours.

7. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion is mixed with modified epoxidized natural rubber, and a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material is obtained by a wet chemical method: The mass ratio of the basic amino acid modified two-dimensional material dispersion to the modified epoxidized natural rubber is 1:50-1:

10.

8. The method for preparing the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wet chemical method includes any one of self-assembly, suction filtration and doctor blade coating.

9. A two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material prepared by the method for preparing a two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the two-dimensional material modified epoxidized natural rubber composite material according to claim 9 in electromagnetic shielding.

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