Temperature-dependent vibration attenuation

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for at least partially adapting vibration damping properties, comprising at least one component and at least one vibration damping device which is integrated into or connected to the component and which has a wall and at least one cavity filling, the wall forms a closable cavity and at least partially delimits the cavity, a cavity filling is arranged in the cavity, and the cavity filling is configured to cause a pressure change and / or a mechanical movement in the cavity in dependence on a temperature change. The invention also relates to a method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for at least partially adapting damping performance, the device having at least one component and at least one damping device, the damping device being integrated into the component or connected to the component. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for temperature-related attenuation of mechanical vibrations of a component. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical shock absorbers are used in different technical fields to attenuate vibrations of a driven machine or vibrations caused by force transmission, or to produce mechanical decoupling. For example, an internal combustion engine and a transmission according to a design are mechanically decoupled from other components by a mechanical shock absorber made of an elastomer or by a gas shock absorber. Shock absorbers or shock-absorbing measures are usually adapted to a specific vibration frequency or vibration frequency band.

[0003] In a drive machine in the form of an electric motor, shock-absorbing measures in the form of gaskets made of an elastomer are also known. Due to the significantly larger speed range of the electric motor relative to the internal combustion engine, the shock-absorbing measures used in the electric motor can usually only effectively compensate for a part of the generated vibrations and frequencies. In addition, high-frequency acoustic interference noise may also occur in the electric motor, and this interference noise may also be related to the temperature of the electric motor in addition to the set speed of the electric motor. Such temperature fluctuations may also have an adverse effect on the shock-absorbing measures of the electric motor, because common shock absorbers made of an elastomer usually become softer as the temperature rises.

[0004] A device is known from US2021 / 0014958 A1, by which thermal decoupling between a machine and an electrical component is achieved.

[0005] A device having a plate for sound absorption is described in EP 4223994 A1. Since the plate is thermally connected to the component, the plate can be used for cooling.

[0006] DE 10 2004 002 696 A1 describes a system for shielding electromagnetic waves generated by circuits and devices. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method by which the mechanical vibration behavior of a vibrating component can be attenuated in a temperature-related manner.

[0008] According to the present invention, this object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 10. Advantageous designs and improvements are derived from the dependent claims.

[0009] The device according to the invention is configured to at least partially adapt one or more damping properties of a damping device, i.e. of a component or part, to temperature, thereby achieving a temperature-related and adapted damping of the vibrations of the component. The term "partially" can relate, for example, to a partial damping of the vibrations in terms of the frequency spectrum and / or to a partial damping in terms of the amplitude spectrum.

[0010] Here, the component can be a component or part that generates vibrations or oscillations itself and / or at least partially transmits vibrations from another source.

[0011] The device has at least one component and at least one damping device. The damping device is integrated in the component or connected to the component. The at least one damping device has a wall that forms a closable cavity and at least partially delimits the cavity. Furthermore, at least one cavity filling arranged in the cavity is provided. The cavity filling is configured to cause a pressure change and / or a mechanical movement in the cavity in relation to a temperature change.

[0012] According to another aspect of the invention, a damping device that can be attached to a component in a material-locking and / or mechanical manner is provided. Here, the damping device has at least one wall that can at least partially construct and delimit a cavity. A cavity filling in the form of a phase change material is arranged in the cavity. The cavity filling can partially or completely fill the cavity.

[0013] According to another aspect of the invention, a method for damping the mechanical vibrations of a component in relation to temperature is provided. The component that generates and / or transmits mechanical vibrations is heated or cooled directly or indirectly. This temperature change can be caused by self-heating or self-cooling or by other components.

[0014] In one step, at least one cavity filling of a damping device connected to the component, which is arranged in a closed cavity, is subjected to temperature by the component and / or the environment of the component.

[0015] By subjecting the cavity filling to temperature, at least a partial phase change of the cavity filling is caused. Here, the cavity filling or the material of the cavity filling can undergo a phase change in terms of mass or volume. Alternatively or additionally, a phase change can be caused at least to the extent that, for example, a change in the viscosity of the cavity filling is thereby caused.

[0016] By changing the phase of the cavity filling, at least one damping property of the damping device is changed due to a pressure change and / or a mechanical movement of the cavity filling in the cavity.

[0017] Thus, the method according to the present invention achieves a temperature-related change of the cavity filling in the cavity, due to which the damping device hardens due to an increase in pressure in order to strengthen the surface or section of the component. Alternatively, a pressure reduction can be achieved in the cavity, so that the cavity filling in the cavity is movable and can absorb vibrations by means of a relative movement in the cavity.

[0018] By means of the device and method described, a special material in the form of a cavity filling can be partially mounted on one or more components or members mechanically or also by means of bonding technology, which special material changes its damping properties at a specific temperature. Thus, for example, the acoustic properties of an electric motor during operation can be optimized and vibration transmission to the surrounding components can be avoided. In addition, resonance frequencies can be avoided during operation of the electric motor or resonance can be avoided, since the frequency band is shifted due to at least one damping device.

[0019] The cavity filling can comprise one or more materials. At least one of these materials can be a phase change material. Preferably, such a phase change material can be adapted to the temperature range of the component, for example the operating temperature. Such a phase change material can have salts, such as sodium acetate, and / or organic compounds, such as paraffin, for example.

[0020] During the manufacturing process or in the preparation phase, the damping device can be built in or integrated into the component internally, or fixed to the component afterwards or on the outside. Here, the damping device can be connected to the component by means of bonding, fusion welding, soldering, riveting, screwing, etc.

[0021] According to the design, the cavity filling can be placed directly against the component in order to record temperature changes on the component as quickly as possible. Alternatively, the cavity filling can be spaced apart from the component in order to reduce or adjust the influence of the component temperature on the cavity filling, for example the speed of the temperature change.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the cavity filling is designed as a phase change material or has at least one phase change material. Alternatively or additionally, the cavity filling is designed as a bimetal or has a bimetal. By means of this measure, the cavity filling can generate a pressure change inside the cavity due to a change in the state of matter. Thereby, the damping device can strengthen this section of the component, for example. The use of a cavity filling in the form of a bimetal can lead to a similar effect, where the bimetal can bend at a predetermined temperature, so that the wall of the component and the said section are structurally strengthened.

[0023] Alternatively, at a predetermined temperature the cavity filling can also cause a pressure reduction in the cavity or be present loosely in the cavity, whereby a relative movement of the cavity filling in the cavity causes an adaptation of the damping properties of the damping device.

[0024] In another embodiment, the wall of the vibration damping device is designed in one piece or in multiple pieces. Preferably, multiple parts of the wall are connected to each other by fastening devices and / or by a material-locking connection. By this measure, the wall can be formed from multiple parts connected to each other and thus encapsulate the cavity filling in the cavity.

[0025] According to a design solution, the wall of the protective layer designed as a cavity filler can also be used for heat transfer. Therefore, the wall can be made of metal or plastic.

[0026] According to another embodiment, the multiple partial closures of the wall seal at least one cavity together with the applied cavity filling fluid. Such a measure can achieve a reinforcement of the vibration damping device by increasing the volume filled with the cavity and the resulting pressure increase in the cavity.

[0027] According to another embodiment, the wall of the vibration damping device is connected to at least one section of the component. Thus, for example, the vibration damping device can be partially applied to an outer section of the component.

[0028] According to one embodiment, at least one cavity into which the cavity filler is introduced is closed in a fluid-tight manner by the interaction of the wall of the vibration damping device with the section of the component. As a result, the cavity of the vibration damping device can be designed to be open and only closed in a fluid-tight manner after being fastened to the section of the component. This measure enables particularly cost-effective and rapid production of the vibration damping device.

[0029] According to another embodiment, the wall of the vibration damping device has a circumferential edge, which is in contact with a section of the component and / or a closing section of the vibration damping device by means of a fixing device and / or by means of a material-locked connection. The closing section of the vibration damping device can face the component or face away from the component. In particular, a cavity at least partially open by the wall can be closed in a fluid-tight manner by means of the closing section. As a result, a cavity filler can be introduced or placed in the cavity in a simple manner in terms of filling technology and then sealed by means of the closing section.

[0030] According to another embodiment, the wall of the vibration damping device is directly connected to the component by means of an adhesive layer or an adhesive film. In an alternative design, the wall of the vibration damping device is indirectly connected to the component via a closed section by means of an adhesive layer or an adhesive film. As a result, the vibration damping device can be subsequently mounted on a surface or section of the component. Thus, a component in the form of an electric motor, a transmission mechanism, etc. can be subsequently equipped with temperature-dependent vibration damping by at least one vibration damping device. In this case, the vibration damping device can be configured with a fluid-tightly closed cavity only by interaction with the component, or can be configured with a fluid-tightly closed cavity without a component. Such a vibration damping device can advantageously be partially applied to critical areas of at least one component.

[0031] According to another embodiment, the vibration damping device can be fixed to the outer section of the component by means of an adhesive pad which can, for example, consist of three or more layers. This section of the component can, for example, be designed as the surface of the component or as part of the surface. Thereby, the vibration damping device can be spaced apart from the component in order to, for example, reduce the influence of temperature changes on the cavity filling material in the component.

[0032] According to another embodiment, at least one cavity filling material is provided for at least partially effecting a change of state from liquid to solid, from solid to liquid, from liquid to gas, from gas to liquid, from solid to gas or from gas to solid due to temperature changes. Thus, the cavity filling material can be made of one or more materials which can be liquid, pasty, loose or gaseous. The change of state of the cavity filling material results here in a change in viscosity or in a change in at least one possible vibration characteristic.

[0033] According to another embodiment, at least one cavity filling material is provided for causing an increase or a decrease in pressure based on a change of state in a fluid-tightly enclosed cavity. Thereby, it is possible to actively adapt the vibration damping performance according to the temperature in the component or external boundary conditions such as ambient temperature, collisions, driving dynamics behavior, etc. For example, a cavity filling material designed as an additional layer can change its state when the temperature changes and, for example, increase the stiffness of the system because the pressure in the cavity rises. The additional layer can advantageously be encapsulated in order to prevent the outflow or evaporation of the cavity filling material.

[0034] According to another embodiment, at least one cavity filling material has at least one additive. Advantageously, at least one additive is formed in the form of heat-transferring particles. Thus, the cavity filling material can be formed from multiple components which also include heat-transferring particles. In addition, other additives for adjusting or regulating the viscosity can be provided, such as binders or solvents. The cavity filling material can also be composed of multiple different phase-change materials in order to set a temperature range within which the cavity filling material can cause or fully effect a change of state. Description of the Drawings

[0035] The invention is schematically illustrated below by means of embodiments in the drawings and is described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 The device according to the first embodiment of the invention is shown.

[0037] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 The device for explaining a method according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0038] Figure 3 The device according to the second embodiment of the invention is shown.

[0039] Figure 4 Shows a device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation

[0040] Figure 1 Shows device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Device 1 has at least one component 10 and at least one vibration damping device 2.

[0041] Component 10 can be, for example, an electric motor or a transmission mechanism. Generally, component 10 can be configured as a component that can generate or transmit vibrations during operation. Such vibrations may be disturbing and / or harmful depending on the frequency range. Currently, for such components 10, once such a component enters the market, additional vibration damping measures matching the temperature of component 10 cannot be implemented, nor can additional vibration damping measures that change the vibration damping performance be implemented. However, such measures are necessary because various problems usually occur in the series due to vibrations, such as acoustic interference noise, etc. Such vibrations can be reduced or avoided by the vibration damping device 2 in a temperature-related manner.

[0042] The vibration damping device 2 can be integrated into component 10 or connected to component 10. In the shown embodiment, the vibration damping device 2 is designed as a retrofit solution and is mechanically fixed on the outer section 11 of component 10.

[0043] At least one vibration damping device 2 has a wall 3 that forms an enclosable cavity 4 and at least partially defines the cavity 4.

[0044] The wall 3 can also be a mechanical element or part of component 10, and the mechanical element or component can at least partially form the cavity 4.

[0045] In addition, at least one cavity filler 5 arranged in the cavity 4 is provided. The cavity filler 5 has at least one phase change material. For example, the cavity filler 5 fills the entire cavity 4.

[0046] The vibration damping device 2 is threadedly connected to component 10 through the wall 3. The section 11 of component 10 can achieve a fluid-tight closure of the cavity 4 in cooperation with the wall 3. For this purpose, the wall 3 is threadedly connected to component 10 by means of a threaded connection portion 6.

[0047] In Figure 2 is shown Figure 1 Device 1 in is used to illustrate a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, in particular, it is illustrated that the physical state of the cavity filler 5 or the phase change material of the cavity filler 5 changes at a determined temperature. Thereby, the pressure in the cavity 4 can increase, for example. The increased pressure can at least partially change the stiffness of the section 11 of component 10 or generally change at least one property of the section of component 10. This measure can match and in particular optimize the vibration characteristics of component 10.

[0048] The physical state of the phase change material of the cavity filler 5 changes here due to the temperature increase of the component 10. The heat transfer from the component 10 to the vibration damping device 2 is indicated by the arrow. This causes at least a partial change in the physical state of the cavity filler 5. Here, the cavity filler 5 or the material of the cavity filler 5 can partially undergo a phase transition corresponding to the mass or volume. Alternatively or additionally, at least a change in the physical state can be caused, thereby causing, for example, a change in the viscosity of the cavity filler 5.

[0049] By changing the physical state of the cavity filler 5, at least one vibration damping property of the vibration damping device 2 is changed due to the pressure change and / or mechanical movement of the cavity filler 5 in the cavity 4.

[0050] Figure 3 The device 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown. Different from the first embodiment, the cavity 4 is also fluid-tightly enclosed without the co-action of the component 10. For this purpose, the vibration damping device 2 has a closing section 7, which can be connected to the wall 3 at the edge side in order to enclose the cavity 4.

[0051] The wall 3 and the closing section 7 are, for example, welded to each other along the edge section 8. The entire vibration damping device 2 is then bonded to the component 10 by means of one or more adhesive layers 9.

[0052] Figure 4 The device 2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is shown. Different from the device 2 in Figure 3 , here, the wall 3 and the closing section 7 are connected to each other by an adhesive connection, for example by an adhesive layer 9, in order to fluid-tightly enclose the cavity. Thus, the closing section 7 serves as a lid for the cavity 4 and can be bonded to the wall 3 along the edge section 8 similar to Figure 3 .

[0053] The vibration damping device 2 is bonded to the component 11 here by the closing section 7.

[0054] List of reference numerals:

[0055] 1 Device

[0056] 2 Vibration damping device

[0057] 3 Wall

[0058] 4 Cavity

[0059] 5 Cavity filler

[0060] 6 Fixing device / threaded connection

[0061] 7 Closing section

[0062] 8 Edge section

[0063] 9 Fixing device / Adhesive layer / Adhesive pad

[0064] 10 Component

[0065] 11 Segment of the component

Claims

1. A device (1) for at least partially adapting the vibration-damping properties of a vibration-damping device (2) and / or a component (10), the device comprising at least one component (10) and at least one vibration-damping device (2), the at least one vibration-damping device being integrated into the component (10) or being connected to the component (10), the at least one vibration-damping device (2) having a wall (3) and at least one cavity filler (5), the wall forming a closable cavity (4) and at least partially delimiting the cavity, the cavity filler being arranged in the cavity (4), wherein: The cavity filler (5) is designed to bring about a pressure change and / or a mechanical movement in the cavity (4) as a function of temperature changes.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cavity filler (5) is designed as a phase change material or comprises at least one phase change material, and / or the cavity filler (5) is designed as a bimetal or comprises a bimetal.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wall (3) of the vibration damping device (2) is designed in one piece or in multiple pieces, wherein the parts of the wall (3) are connected to each other by fastening devices (6, 9) and / or by a material-locked connection, wherein the multiple parts of the wall (3) close the at least one cavity (4) together with the introduced cavity filling (5) in a fluid-tight manner.

4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A wall (3) of the vibration-damping device (2) is connected to at least one section (11) of a component (10), wherein the at least one cavity (4) with an introduced cavity filler (5) is closed in a fluid-tight manner by the interaction of the wall (3) of the vibration-damping device (2) and the section (11) of the component (10).

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The wall (3) of the vibration-damping device (2) has a circumferential edge section (8), which is in contact with a section (11) of a component (10) and / or with a closing section (7) of the vibration-damping device (2) via a fixing device (6, 9) and / or via a material-locked connection, wherein a cavity (4) at least partially open through the wall (3) can be closed in a fluid-tight manner via the closing section (7).

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The wall (3) of the vibration damping device (2) is directly connected to the component (10) by means of an adhesive layer (9) or an adhesive film, or the wall (3) of the vibration damping device (2) is indirectly connected to the component (10) via a closing section (7) by means of an adhesive layer (9) or an adhesive film.

7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The at least one cavity filling (5) is configured to at least partially achieve a physical state change from liquid to solid, from solid to liquid, from liquid to gas, from gas to liquid, from solid to gas or from gas to solid due to a temperature change.

8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The at least one cavity filler (5) is provided to bring about a pressure increase or a pressure reduction due to a change of state in a cavity (4) which is closed in a fluid-tight manner.

9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The at least one cavity filling (5) comprises at least one additive, wherein the at least one additive is designed in the form of heat transfer particles.

10. A method for temperature-dependent damping of mechanical vibrations of a component (10), wherein: A component (10) that generates and / or transmits mechanical vibrations is heated or cooled directly or indirectly, wherein at least one cavity filler (5) of a vibration damping device (2) connected to the component (10) and arranged in a closed cavity (4) is subjected to the temperature of the component (10) and / or the environment of the component (10), wherein at least a partial physical state change of the cavity filler (5) is caused by subjecting the cavity filler (5) to the temperature, wherein at least one vibration damping property of the vibration damping device (2) is changed due to the physical state change of the cavity filler (5) based on the pressure change and / or mechanical movement of the cavity filler (5) in the cavity (4).

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