Spiral cascade heat exchanger for dilution refrigerator

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of dilution refrigerators, and particularly discloses a spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator, which comprises a heat exchange mechanism, an upper sealing cover is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the heat exchange mechanism, and a lower sealing cover is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the heat exchange mechanism; the heat exchange mechanism comprises a heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly comprises a heat exchanger body, and a first connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the position, close to the middle, of the upper end of the heat exchanger body; by designing the first flow guide groove and the second flow guide groove which are in the reverse spiral shape, the heat exchange area is greatly increased, cold and hot fluid can make full contact in the flowing process, and therefore the heat exchange efficiency is improved; through the modular design, the equipment can be cascaded up and down according to actual requirements, and the requirements of different application scenes are met; due to the reverse spiral design, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the space is effectively saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of dilution refrigerators, and more specifically, it is a spiral cascaded heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] In the technical field of dilution refrigerators, as one of the key components, the performance of the heat exchanger directly affects the overall efficiency and stability of the dilution refrigerator. Traditional heat exchanger designs often suffer from problems such as low heat transfer efficiency, insufficient space utilization, and high thermal resistance, which limit the application and development of dilution refrigerators in fields such as low-temperature physics experiments, quantum computing, and superconducting material research.

[0003] Specifically, traditional heat exchangers usually adopt a straight-line or simple-curve flow guide groove design. Although this design has a simple structure, the heat transfer area is limited, resulting in insufficient heat exchange between the cold and hot fluids and making it difficult to improve the heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, due to space layout limitations, it is difficult for traditional heat exchangers to achieve efficient heat exchange in a limited space, further reducing space utilization. In addition, traditional heat exchangers often have problems with high thermal resistance in material selection and structural design, which affects the effective transfer of heat, increases the energy consumption and operating costs of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a spiral cascaded heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator to solve the problem that in the prior art, due to design limitations, the heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator has a limited heat transfer area, resulting in insufficient heat exchange between the cold and hot fluids and low heat transfer efficiency.

[0005] A spiral cascaded heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator includes a heat exchange mechanism. An upper cover is fixedly installed on the upper side of the heat exchange mechanism, and a lower cover is fixedly installed on the lower side of the heat exchange mechanism.

[0006] The heat exchange mechanism includes a heat exchange component. The heat exchange component includes a heat exchanger body. A first connecting pipe is fixedly installed near the middle of the upper end of the heat exchanger body, and a second connecting pipe is fixedly installed near the middle of the lower end of the heat exchanger body. A first flow guide groove is formed on the upper side of the heat exchanger body, and a second flow guide groove is formed on the lower side of the heat exchanger body.

[0007] The upper cover includes an upper cover body. A first through hole is formed near the middle of the upper cover body, and a third connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side edge of the upper cover body.

[0008] The lower cover includes a lower cover body. A second through hole is formed near the middle of the lower cover body, and a fourth connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the lower side edge of the lower cover body.

[0009] The upper cover body is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the heat exchange component, the lower cover body is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the heat exchange component, the first connecting pipe penetrates through the first through hole, and the second connecting pipe penetrates through the second through hole;

[0010] The first diversion groove is spiral, the third connecting pipe communicates with the upper notch position at the outer end of the first diversion groove, and the second connecting pipe communicates with the lower notch position at the inner end of the first diversion groove;

[0011] The second diversion groove is spiral, the fourth connecting pipe communicates with the lower notch position at the outer end of the second diversion groove, and the first connecting pipe communicates with the upper notch position at the inner end of the second diversion groove.

[0012] Preferably, a first silver cake is fixed inside the first diversion groove, and a second silver cake is fixed inside the second diversion groove.

[0013] Preferably, both the first silver cake and the second silver cake are spiral.

[0014] Preferably, both the upper cover body and the lower cover body are made of heat-insulating materials.

[0015] Preferably, the common contact surface of the first diversion groove and the second diversion groove is a heat exchange surface, and the heat exchange surface is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By designing the reverse spiral-shaped first diversion groove and second diversion groove, the heat exchange area is greatly increased, enabling the cold and hot fluids to come into contact more fully during the flow process, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency;

[0018] Through modular design, this device can be cascaded up and down according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different application scenarios;

[0019] The reverse spiral design not only improves the heat exchange efficiency but also effectively saves space. In the same volume, the spiral-shaped diversion groove can provide a longer flow path and a larger heat exchange area, thus achieving a double optimization of efficient heat exchange and space utilization;

[0020] The heat exchanger integrates multiple parts such as the upper cover, the lower cover, and the heat exchange component, and can be connected to the helium supply device, the mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator, and the helium recovery device through simple connecting pipes. This design improves the integration degree of the system, making the entire refrigeration system more compact and efficient;

[0021] By fixing the first silver cake and the second silver cake inside the diversion groove and utilizing their high thermal conductivity and pore structure, the heat exchange ability is further enhanced, resulting in a significant improvement in the heat exchange efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the heat exchange component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top view of the heat exchange component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of helium flow in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Heat exchange mechanism; 11. Heat exchange component; 111. Heat exchanger body; 112. First connecting pipe; 113. Second connecting pipe; 114. First flow guiding groove; 115. Second flow guiding groove; 116. Heat exchange surface; 12. First silver cake; 13. Second silver cake; 2. Upper cover; 21. Upper cover body; 22. First through hole; 23. Third connecting pipe; 3. Lower cover; 31. Lower cover body; 32. Second through hole; 33. Fourth connecting pipe. Specific embodiments

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 4 shown:

[0031] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a spiral cascaded heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator, including a heat exchange mechanism 1. An upper cover 2 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the heat exchange mechanism 1, and a lower cover 3 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the heat exchange mechanism 1;

[0032] The heat exchange mechanism 1 includes a heat exchange component 11. The heat exchange component 11 includes a heat exchanger body 111. A first connecting pipe 112 is fixedly installed at a position near the middle of the upper end of the heat exchanger body 111, a second connecting pipe 113 is fixedly installed at a position near the middle of the lower end of the heat exchanger body 111, a first flow guiding groove 114 is formed on the upper side of the heat exchanger body 111, and a second flow guiding groove 115 is formed on the lower side of the heat exchanger body 111;

[0033] The upper cover 2 includes an upper cover body 21. A first through hole 22 is provided near the middle on the upper cover body 21. A third connecting pipe 23 is fixedly installed on the upper side edge of the upper cover body 21;

[0034] The lower cover 3 includes a lower cover body 31. A second through hole 32 is provided near the middle on the lower cover body 31. A fourth connecting pipe 33 is fixedly installed on the lower side edge of the lower cover body 31;

[0035] The upper cover body 21 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the heat exchange component 11, and the lower cover body 31 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the heat exchange component 11. The first connecting pipe 112 passes through the first through hole 22, and the second connecting pipe 113 passes through the second through hole 32;

[0036] The first diversion groove 114 is spiral. The third connecting pipe 23 is communicated with the upper notch position at the outer end of the first diversion groove 114, and the second connecting pipe 113 is communicated with the lower notch position at the inner end of the first diversion groove 114;

[0037] The second diversion groove 115 is spiral. The fourth connecting pipe 33 is communicated with the lower notch position at the outer end of the second diversion groove 115, and the first connecting pipe 112 is communicated with the upper notch position at the inner end of the second diversion groove 115.

[0038] As can be seen from the above, during use, the first connecting pipe 112 is communicated with a helium supply device, the second connecting pipe 113 is communicated with the helium outlet of the mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator, the third connecting pipe 23 is communicated with a helium recovery device, and the fourth connecting pipe 33 is communicated with the helium inlet of the mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator;

[0039] When the helium supply device is opened, the helium supply device introduces helium into the second diversion groove 115 through the first connecting pipe 112, and then into the mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator through the fourth connecting pipe 33; at the same time, the helium in the mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator is introduced into the first diversion groove 114 through the second connecting pipe 113, and then into the helium recovery device through the third connecting pipe 23;

[0040] When the two are flowing, heat exchange can be carried out through the heat exchanger body 111. Since the heat exchange area between the first diversion groove 114 and the second diversion groove 115 is greatly increased through the reverse spiral design, a great deal of space is saved and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

[0041] As Figures 2 to 5 shown:

[0042] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that a first silver cake 12 is fixed inside the first diversion groove 114, and a second silver cake 13 is fixed inside the second diversion groove 115;

[0043] Among them, both the first silver cake 12 and the second silver cake 13 can be fixedly pasted in the corresponding diversion groove through heat-conducting glue;

[0044] The silver cake 1 12 and the silver cake 2 13 can quickly absorb the heat of helium during the heat exchange process, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The pore structure inside the sintered silver cake is conducive to the flow of helium, further reducing the thermal resistance.

[0045] Specifically, the silver cake 1 12 and the silver cake 2 13 are both spiral-shaped.

[0046] Among them, the spirally processed silver cake 12 and silver cake 2 13 can be adapted to the guide groove 1 114 and the guide groove 2 115 respectively. The silver cake 1 12 and silver cake 2 13 are both made of silver powder with a purity higher than 99.999%. The high-purity silver material reduces the influence of impurities on heat conduction, thereby reducing thermal resistance.

[0047] Specifically, both the upper cover body 21 and the lower cover body 31 are made of heat insulating material.

[0048] Specifically, the contact surface shared by the guide groove 1 14 and the guide groove 2 115 is a heat exchange surface 116 , and the heat exchange surface 116 is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0049] As can be seen from the above, during operation, the helium supply device introduces helium into the guide groove 115 through the connecting pipe 112, and flows through the silver cake 13; at the same time, the low-temperature helium gas derived from the dilution refrigerator mixing chamber enters the guide groove 114 through the connecting pipe 113, and flows through the silver cake 12; the silver cake 12 and the silver cake 13 use the heat exchange surface 116 to perform heat exchange, thereby causing the silver cake 13 to be quickly cooled, so that the helium in the guide groove 115 is cooled and then enters the dilution refrigerator through the helium inlet of the dilution refrigerator mixing chamber;

[0050] In this process, the heat insulating materials of the upper cover body 21 and the lower cover body 31 effectively reduce heat loss, and the heat exchange surface 116 of the heat conductive material shared by the guide groove 1 114 and the guide groove 2 115 ensures efficient heat transfer.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown:

[0052] Embodiment 3: The device has an oblique symmetrical structure from top to bottom. Figure 6 By welding and fixing in sequence, a complete cascade radiator structure can be obtained. The welding process is simple, the helium flow direction is clear, and the heat exchange effect of the equipment can be further improved. Taking the three layers as an example, including the welding of the upper cover 2 and the lower cover 3, the equipment only needs 10 welds to complete the assembly of the three-layer cascade radiator structure.

[0053] Embodiment 4: A method for installing a spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Place the heat exchanger body on a horizontal workbench to ensure its stability;

[0055] Step 2: After applying thermal conductive glue in the first diversion groove, press the silver cake into the first diversion groove, and then weld and fix the upper cover body to the heat exchanger body (the silver cake can be pre-formed by a mold);

[0056] Step 3: Turn over the heat exchanger body, apply thermal conductive glue in the second diversion groove, press the silver cake into the second diversion groove, and then weld and fix the lower cover body to the heat exchanger body;

[0057] Step 4: Connect multiple heat exchangers that have completed Step 3 up and down by welding as needed to obtain a complete cascaded heat exchanger.

[0058] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market. The special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional means such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined or limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not have to be directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0063] In the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator, characterized in that: It comprises a heat exchange mechanism (1), an upper cover (2) being fixedly mounted on the upper side of the heat exchange mechanism (1), and a lower cover (3) being fixedly mounted on the lower side of the heat exchange mechanism (1); The heat exchange mechanism (1) comprises a heat exchange component (11), the heat exchange component (11) comprising a heat exchanger body (111), a connecting pipe 1 (112) being fixedly mounted near the middle of the upper end of the heat exchanger body (111), a connecting pipe 2 (113) being fixedly mounted near the middle of the lower end of the heat exchanger body (111), a guide groove 1 (114) being provided on the upper side of the heat exchanger body (111), and a guide groove 2 (115) being provided on the lower side of the heat exchanger body (111); The upper cover (2) comprises an upper cover body (21), a through hole one (22) is provided near the middle of the upper cover body (21), and a connecting pipe three (23) is fixedly mounted on the upper edge of the upper cover body (21); The lower cover (3) comprises a lower cover body (31), a second through hole (32) is provided near the middle of the lower cover body (31), and a fourth connecting pipe (33) is fixedly mounted on the lower edge of the lower cover body (31); The upper cover body (21) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the heat exchange component (11), the lower cover body (31) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the heat exchange component (11), the connecting pipe 1 (112) passes through the through hole 1 (22), and the connecting pipe 2 (113) passes through the through hole 2 (32); The guide groove 1 (114) is spiral-shaped, the connecting pipe 3 (23) and the upper notch position of the outer end of the guide groove 1 (114) are connected to each other, and the connecting pipe 2 (113) and the lower notch position of the inner end of the guide groove 1 (114) are connected to each other; The guide groove 2 (115) is spiral-shaped, the connecting pipe 4 (33) and the lower notch position of the outer end of the guide groove 2 (115) are connected to each other, and the connecting pipe 1 (112) and the upper notch position of the inner end of the guide groove 2 (115) are connected to each other.

2. A spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A silver cake one (12) is fixed inside the guide groove one (114), and a silver cake two (13) is fixed inside the guide groove two (115).

3. A spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The silver cake one (12) and the silver cake two (13) are both spiral-shaped.

4. A spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover body (21) and the lower cover body (31) are both made of heat-insulating materials.

5. A spiral cascade heat exchanger for a dilution refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface shared by the guide groove 1 (114) and the guide groove 2 (115) is a heat exchange surface (116), and the heat exchange surface (116) is made of a heat-conducting material.

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