Experimental device for observing penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of seabed sediments and use method of experimental device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine geological exploration, and discloses an experimental device for observing penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of seabed sediments and a use method, and the experimental device comprises a bearing mechanism and a force storage penetration mechanism. The bearing mechanism comprises a containing part, the containing part is configured to contain a sample, the force storage injection mechanism comprises a lifting driver, a sampling assembly and a force storage part, the lifting driver can drive the sampling assembly to ascend and descend, the sampling assembly comprises an adsorption part and a sampling part, the adsorption part is configured to selectively adsorb or release the sampling part, and the force storage part is arranged on the sampling part; when the adsorption part adsorbs the sampling part, the elastic potential energy of the force storage part can be accumulated through the rising of the sampling part, and when the adsorption part releases the sampling part, the force storage part can drive the sampling part to penetrate into the sample in the accommodating part. By means of the arrangement, the experimental device for observing the injection sampling disturbance characteristics of the seabed sediment can improve the experimental accuracy, and the experimental requirements of different injection speeds of the sampling piece are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine geological exploration, and in particular to an experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seafloor sediments are a general term for sedimentary strata below the seabed. They are complex and diverse in type, and are related to factors such as the regional environment and sedimentation. Seafloor sediments record a wealth of information about environmental changes. Based on this information, in-depth research on ancient ocean changes in geological history is of great significance for understanding the changes in the earth's environment, revealing the internal connections between the earth's environmental systems, and predicting future long-term climate changes. For research in these areas, the most direct and effective way is to obtain complete in-situ samples of seafloor sediments on the seabed and conduct further experimental analysis.

[0003] At present, in-situ sampling of seabed sediments is mainly achieved through seabed rotary drilling coring or vertical penetration sampling of sampling tubes. Since the drilling has a greater disturbance to the soft sediment formation, the accuracy of the physical and mechanical parameters of the seabed sediments is poor. Therefore, the former is more suitable for formations with higher hardness and lower porosity; while the latter is more suitable for shallow soft sediment formations with lower hardness. However, in the process of sampling seabed sediment formations through sampling tubes, since the seabed sediments are generally soft or slightly consolidated, the formations are easily squeezed and deformed like soil when disturbed by the drill bit and the sampling tube penetration, and the soil particles will also be dislocated, which will lead to changes in important formation parameters such as porosity, permeability and saturation of the sampled samples. In addition, during the sampling process, part of the soil was squeezed into the sampling tube to become the core, and the other part of the soil was lost with the drilling fluid, causing serious disturbance of the strata within a certain range around the sampling tube, which in turn caused the original stratigraphic sequence of the in-situ sediment samples to be mixed, bent, deformed or shortened, thereby destroying the integrity of the sample information record.

[0004] In addition, the reserves of seabed oil and gas are generally explored and sampled by wave velocity logging. However, during the sampling process, the formations around the wellbore will produce large plastic deformations under the influence of formation disturbance, which will bring large errors to the results of wave velocity logging and cannot correctly reflect the occurrence state of oil and gas in the formation. Moreover, the disturbance may cause changes in the temperature and pressure field, causing decomposition inside the seabed sediments, which will not only lead to poor integrity of sediment samples, further reducing the research value, but also cause changes in reservoir strength and stress state, leading to engineering problems such as well wall collapse, formation settlement and landslides.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, researchers need to analyze the disturbance mechanism of sediment samples during the sampling process, study the relationship between the sampling procedure parameters, shape parameters of the sampler, physical and mechanical parameters of the sediment, and the disturbance of the sediment samples, and specifically propose measures to reduce the disturbance of the seabed sediment during sampling.

[0006] Therefore, in order to observe the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment during penetration sampling, it is necessary for operators to design and build an experimental device to observe the disturbance of seabed sediment during penetration sampling under simulated conditions. However, in the existing technology, there is a lack of a penetration device and method for seabed sediment under simulated conditions, and it is impossible to restore the acceleration required for the sampler to penetrate the seabed sediment to simulate the penetration speed of the sampler during actual seabed sampling, and it is even more impossible to simulate different penetration speeds of the sampler, which affects the accuracy of the experiment and is not conducive to the later study of the mechanical properties of seabed sediment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment and meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling piece.

[0008] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling, comprising:

[0010] A bearing mechanism, including a containing member configured to contain a sample;

[0011] A power storage and penetration mechanism, including a lifting driver, a sampling assembly, and a power storage member. The lifting driver can drive the sampling assembly to lift and lower. The sampling assembly includes an adsorbing member and a sampling piece. The adsorbing member is configured to selectively adsorb or release the sampling piece. The power storage member is arranged on the sampling piece. When the adsorbing member adsorbs the sampling piece, the elastic potential energy of the power storage member can be accumulated by the rising of the sampling piece. When the adsorbing member releases the sampling piece, the power storage member can drive the sampling piece to penetrate into the sample in the containing member.

[0012] Optionally, the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling further includes an observation mechanism. The sample contains metal tracer particles, and the observation mechanism is configured to track and display the metal tracer particles in the sample.

[0013] Optionally, the adsorbing member is arranged at the output end of the lifting driver. When the adsorbing member is powered on, it adsorbs the sampling piece, and when the adsorbing member is powered off, it releases the sampling piece.

[0014] Optionally, the energy storage and penetration mechanism further includes a fixing member. One end of the energy storage member abuts against the sampling member. When the sampling member moves up and down relative to the fixing member, the other end of the energy storage member can abut against the fixing member.

[0015] Optionally, the fixing member is provided with a positioning hole, and the sampling member is provided with a positioning portion. The energy storage member is sleeved on the positioning portion. When the sampling member moves up relative to the fixing member, the positioning portion can pass through the positioning hole. When the sampling member moves down relative to the fixing member, the positioning portion can be withdrawn from the positioning hole.

[0016] Optionally, the energy storage and penetration mechanism further includes a compression amount sensor and a controller. The compression amount sensor is communicatively connected to the controller and is configured to detect the compression amount of the energy storage member. The controller can control the lifting driver to act.

[0017] Optionally, the energy storage and penetration mechanism further includes a limiting member. The limiting member is disposed between the adsorbing member and the accommodating member and is provided with a limiting hole for passing through the sampling member.

[0018] Optionally, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments further includes a first simulation chamber and a second simulation chamber that are detachably connected to each other. Among the first simulation chamber and the second simulation chamber, one is provided with the accommodating member, and the other is provided with the energy storage and penetration mechanism.

[0019] Optionally, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments further includes a pressure maintaining mechanism. The pressure maintaining mechanism is disposed between the bearing mechanism and the energy storage and penetration mechanism. The first simulation chamber can be selectively communicated with the second simulation chamber through the pressure maintaining mechanism.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using an experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment and meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling member.

[0021] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0022] A method for using an experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments, which is applied to the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments as described above. The method for using the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments includes:

[0023] Step 1: Fill the sample into the accommodating member;

[0024] Step 2: Adsorb the sampling member through the adsorbing member;

[0025] Step 3: The lifting driver operates, causing the sampling assembly to rise to a preset height and accumulating the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member.

[0026] Step 4: The adsorbing member releases the sampling member, enabling the sampling member to penetrate into the sample in the accommodating member under the driving action of the energy storage member.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention provides an experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments, which includes a carrying mechanism and an energy storage penetration mechanism. The carrying mechanism includes an accommodating member for accommodating a sample to simulate submarine sediments. The energy storage penetration mechanism includes a lifting driver, a sampling assembly, and an energy storage member. The lifting driver can drive the sampling assembly to rise and fall, thereby meeting the requirements of different sampling depths. The sampling assembly includes an adsorbing member and a sampling member. The adsorbing member is used to selectively adsorb or release the sampling member, thereby improving the convenience of operation. The energy storage member is arranged on the sampling member. When the adsorbing member adsorbs the sampling member, the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member can be accumulated by the rising of the sampling member, and thus different penetration speeds can be provided for the sampling member. When the adsorbing member releases the sampling member, the energy storage member can drive the sampling member to penetrate into the sample in the accommodating member at an acceleration close to actual submarine sampling through the release of the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member, thereby improving the experimental accuracy. Moreover, mechanical operation avoids experimental errors caused by manual operation of operators. Through the above settings, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments of the present application can improve the experimental accuracy and meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling member.

[0029] The present invention also provides a method for using an experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments: First, fill the accommodating member with a sample to simulate the in-situ accumulation structure of submarine sediments. Then, the sampling member is adsorbed and fixed at its initial position by the adsorbing member, facilitating the subsequent release of the sampling member to penetrate into the sample. The lifting driver operates, causing the sampling assembly to rise to a preset height and accumulating the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member. By setting different preset heights, different penetration speeds can be provided for the sampling member. Finally, the adsorbing member releases the sampling member, enabling the sampling member to penetrate into the sample in the accommodating member under the driving action of the energy storage member, ensuring that the sampling member penetrates at an acceleration close to the actual working condition, thereby improving the experimental accuracy. Through the above settings, the method for using the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments of the present application can improve the experimental accuracy and meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling member. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is the first schematic diagram of the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is the second schematic diagram of the experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present invention for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments;

[0032] Figure 3 It is the third schematic diagram of the experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present invention for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 100. Sample; 1. Bearing mechanism; 11. Accommodating member; 2. Energy storage penetration mechanism; 21. Lifting driver; 22. Sampling assembly; 221. Adsorbing member; 222. Sampling member; 2221. Positioning portion; 23. Energy storage member; 24. Fixing member; 241. Positioning hole; 25. Compression amount sensor; 26. Controller; 27. Limiting member; 271. Limiting hole; 3. Observation mechanism; 4. First simulation chamber; 5. Second simulation chamber; 6. Pressure maintaining mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only the parts related to the present invention rather than all the structures are shown in the drawings.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above and over", and "on the top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below and under", and "under the bottom of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for convenience of description and simplifying the operations, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meanings.

[0039] Submarine sediments are the general term for sedimentary strata soils in the area below the seabed. Their types are complex and diverse, and are related to factors such as regional environment and sedimentation. Submarine sediments record rich information on environmental changes. In-depth research on paleo-ocean changes in geological history based on this information is of great significance for understanding the changes of the Earth's environment, revealing the internal connections between the Earth's environmental systems, and predicting long-term future climate changes. For research in these aspects, the most direct and effective way is to obtain complete in-situ samples of submarine sediments on the seabed and conduct further experimental analysis.

[0040] Currently, in-situ samples of submarine sediments are mainly obtained by rotary core drilling on the seabed or vertical penetration sampling with a sampling tube. Since the drilling disturbs the soft sediment strata greatly, the accuracy of the physical and mechanical parameters of submarine sediments is poor. Therefore, the former is more suitable for strata with relatively large hardness and lower porosity; while the latter is more suitable for shallow soft sediment strata on the seabed with smaller hardness. However, during the sampling process of submarine sediment strata with a sampling tube, since submarine sediments are generally soft or in a slightly consolidated state, the strata are prone to squeezing and deformation like a soil body when being disturbed by the penetration of the drill bit and the sampling tube, and the soil particles will also move out of place, which will further cause changes in important strata parameters such as the porosity, permeability, and saturation of the sampling samples. In addition, during the sampling process, a part of the soil body is squeezed into the sampling tube to become the core, and another part of the soil body is lost with the drilling fluid, resulting in relatively serious disturbance to the strata within a certain range around the sampling tube, and further causing consequences such as the mixing, bending deformation, or shortening of the original sequence of the in-situ sediment samples, thus destroying the integrity of the sample information record.

[0041] In addition, the reserves of submarine oil and gas are generally explored and sampled by wave velocity logging. However, during the sampling process, the strata around the wellbore will produce large plastic deformations under the influence of formation disturbance, which will bring large errors to the results of wave velocity logging and cannot correctly reflect the occurrence state of oil and gas in the strata. Moreover, the disturbance may cause changes in the temperature and pressure fields, resulting in decomposition within the submarine sediments, which will not only lead to poor integrity of the sediment samples and further reduce the research value, but also cause changes in the reservoir strength and stress state, and further lead to engineering problems such as wellbore collapse, formation settlement, and landslides.

[0042] In order to solve the above technical problems, researchers need to analyze the disturbance mechanism of sediment samples during the sampling process, study the relationship between the sampling procedure parameters, shape parameters, sediment physical and mechanical parameters of the sampler and the sediment sample disturbance, and propose targeted measures to reduce the disturbance during seabed sediment sampling.

[0043] Therefore, in order to observe the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediments during penetration sampling, it is necessary for operators to design and build an experimental device to observe the disturbance of seabed sediments under simulated conditions during the penetration sampling process. However, the prior art lacks a penetration device and method for seabed sediments under simulated conditions, and it is impossible to restore the acceleration required by the sampler when penetrating the seabed sediments to simulate the penetration speed of the sampler during actual seabed sampling, and it is even more impossible to simulate different penetration speeds of the sampler, which affects the accuracy of the experiment and is not conducive to the later study of the mechanical properties of seabed sediments.

[0044] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides an experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling, which includes a bearing mechanism 1 and a force storage penetration mechanism 2. The bearing mechanism 1 includes a container 11, which is configured to accommodate a sample 100. The force storage penetration mechanism 2 includes a lifting driver 21, a sampling assembly 22, and a force storage member 23. The lifting driver 21 can drive the sampling assembly 22 to rise and fall. The sampling assembly 22 includes an adsorption member 221 and a sampling member 222. The adsorption member 221 is configured to selectively adsorb or release the sampling member 222. The force storage member 23 is arranged on the sampling member 222. When the adsorption member 221 adsorbs the sampling member 222, the elastic potential energy of the force storage member 23 can be accumulated by the rise of the sampling member 222. When the adsorption member 221 releases the sampling member 222, the force storage member 23 can drive the sampling member 222 to penetrate the sample 100 arranged in the container 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, the bearing mechanism 1 includes a receiving member 11 for accommodating the sample 100, and the sample 100 is used to simulate subsea sediments. The energy storage penetration mechanism 2 includes a lifting driver 21, a sampling assembly 22, and an energy storage member 23. The lifting driver 21 can drive the sampling assembly 22 to lift, so as to meet the requirements of different sampling depths. The sampling assembly 22 includes an adsorbing member 221 and a sampling member 222. The adsorbing member 221 is used to selectively adsorb or release the sampling member 222, thereby improving the operation convenience. The energy storage member 23 is arranged on the sampling member 222. When the adsorbing member 221 adsorbs the sampling member 222, the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member 23 can be accumulated by the upward movement of the sampling member 222, and then different penetration speeds can be provided for the sampling member 222. When the adsorbing member 221 releases the sampling member 222, the energy storage member 23 can drive the sampling member 222 to penetrate into the sample 100 in the receiving member 11 at an acceleration close to that of actual subsea sampling through the release of the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member 23, thereby improving the experimental accuracy. Moreover, the experimental error caused by manual operation of the operator is avoided through mechanical operation. Through the above settings, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of subsea sediments in this embodiment can improve the experimental accuracy and meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling member 222.

[0046] The specific structure of the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of subsea sediments will be described below:

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the receiving member 11 is a receiving barrel for accommodating and configuring the sample 100. Moreover, the material of the receiving barrel in this embodiment is selected as thick organic glass or special glass with good light transmittance and high strength (such as acrylic or high borosilicate glass, etc.) to ensure the experimental visibility and the operation requirements of heat preservation and pressure maintenance. In other embodiments, the receiving member 11 is a receiving groove, and the specific structure of the receiving member 11 is not limited too much here, as long as the above functions can be realized.

[0048] Specifically, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of subsea sediments further includes an observation mechanism 3. The sample 100 contains metal tracer particles. The observation mechanism 3 is configured to track and display the metal tracer particles in the sample 100. By directly observing the dislocation trajectory of the metal tracer particles during penetration through the observation mechanism 3, the disturbance range can be quantitatively analyzed, providing dynamic data for studying the changes in the porosity and permeability of the sample 100.

[0049] More specifically, in this embodiment, the observation mechanism 3 includes an X-ray diffractometer, an X-ray detector, and digital image correlation (DIC). Among them, the X-ray diffractometer and the X-ray detector are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the accommodating member 11. By uniformly adding metal tracer particles layer by layer during the generation of the sample 100, after the sample 100 is generated, during the high-pressure and low-temperature penetration test on the sample 100, the X-ray diffractometer can emit electromagnetic waves with a specific wavelength to the accommodating member 11, and the X-ray detector can display the real-time position of the metal tracer particles in the sample 100 in the accommodating member 11. And through the digital image correlation method DIC, the real-time position data of the metal tracer particles is processed, and the movement trajectory of the metal tracer particles is displayed on the corresponding screen, so as to simulate the variation law of the disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments during the penetration process. In other embodiments, the observation mechanism 3 includes an MRI scanner, which uses electromagnetic imaging to track and display the tracer particles in the sample 100. And those skilled in the art are familiar with the specific principle of electromagnetic imaging, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0050] Specifically, an adsorbing member 221 is provided at the output end of the lifting driver 21. When the adsorbing member 221 is energized, the adsorbing member 221 adsorbs the sampling member 222. When the adsorbing member 221 is de-energized, the adsorbing member 221 releases the sampling member 222. By controlling the release time point of the sampling member 222 through an electrical signal, it is possible to ensure that the experimental conditions are consistent for multiple experiments, which is beneficial to the study of the mechanical properties of submarine sediments. It can be understood that the adsorbing member 221 in this embodiment is an electromagnet, and the sampling member 222 is made of a ferromagnetic material. The above functions are realized by generating magnetic suction force when the electromagnet is energized, and no further description will be made here.

[0051] More specifically, in this embodiment, the lifting driver 21 includes a motor, a turbine, and a worm. The output end of the motor is connected to the turbine, and the turbine is meshed with the worm. The adsorbing member 221 is arranged on the worm. By driving the turbine to rotate by the motor, the worm and the adsorbing member 221 are driven to realize the lifting movement. In other embodiments, the lifting driver 21 includes an electric cylinder, and the adsorbing member 221 is driven by the electric cylinder to realize lifting. Here, the specific structure of the lifting driver 21 is not limited too much, as long as the above functions can be realized.

[0052] In addition, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments further includes an infrared laser scanning velocimeter, which is used to monitor the speed of the sampling member 222 when it contacts the sample 100, so as to meet the corresponding experimental requirements.

[0053] Specifically, the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2 further includes a fixing member 24. One end of the energy storage member 23 abuts against the sampling member 222. When the sampling member 222 moves up and down relative to the fixing member 24, the other end of the energy storage member 23 can abut against the fixing member 24. The energy storage member 23 can be compressed under force during the rising process to accumulate elastic potential energy, thereby providing the required penetration acceleration for the sampling member 222. Through the above mechanical structure, the processes of energy storage and release can be automatically completed without complex external power control, making the operation more convenient and fast.

[0054] More specifically, in this embodiment, the fixing member 24 is a fixing plate, the energy storage member 23 is a torsion spring, and the sampling member 222 includes a magnetic iron plate, a counterweight, and a sampling tube. The magnetic iron plate, the counterweight, and the sampling tube are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom by locking screws. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the magnetic iron plate, and the other end can abut against the fixing plate. When the sampling tube moves up and down relative to the fixing plate, elastic potential energy is accumulated and released through the compression and stretching of the torsion spring, so as to meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling member 222 when penetrating the sample 100. In other embodiments, the fixing member 24 is a fixed block, and the energy storage member 23 is an annular spring. The specific structures of the above components are not limited too much here, as long as the above functions can be realized.

[0055] Specifically, a positioning hole 241 is formed in the fixing member 24, and a positioning portion 2221 is provided on the sampling member 222. The energy storage member 23 is sleeved on the positioning portion 2221. When the sampling member 222 moves up relative to the fixing member 24, the positioning portion 2221 can pass through the positioning hole 241. When the sampling member 222 moves down relative to the fixing member 24, the positioning portion 2221 can be withdrawn from the positioning hole 241, thereby restricting the movement trajectory of the sampling member 222 through the positioning hole 241 and preventing the sampling member 222 from tilting during penetration and causing lateral disturbance.

[0056] More specifically, in this embodiment, the positioning portion 2221 is a fixed shaft, and the diameter of the positioning hole 241 is larger than the diameter of the fixed shaft to facilitate the fixed shaft to pass through the positioning hole 241 smoothly. Moreover, the diameter of the energy storage member 23 along its own extension direction is larger than the diameter of the positioning hole 241, so that when the fixed shaft passes through the positioning hole 241, the energy storage member 23 can abut against the orifice of the positioning hole 241, thereby realizing the accumulation of elastic potential energy.

[0057] Specifically, the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2 further includes a compression amount sensor 25 and a controller 26. The compression amount sensor 25 is communicatively connected to the controller 26 and is configured to detect the compression amount of the energy storage member 23. The controller 26 can control the lifting drive 21 to act. On the one hand, the controller 26 can automatically stop driving the lifting drive 21 according to a preset elastic potential energy threshold to ensure that the penetration force of the experimental sampling member 222 is consistent each time; on the other hand, the compression amount sensor 25 transmits a signal regarding the compression amount of the energy storage member 23 to the controller 26, and the controller 26 can calculate the magnitude of the elastic force provided by the energy storage member 23 and the penetration speed when the sampling member 222 penetrates into the sample 100 based on this, so as to facilitate the experimental simulation of the sampling process at different depths of the sample 100. Among them, the compression amount sensor 25 is selected from a displacement sensor or a photoelectric sensor, and the controller 26 is selected from a single-chip microcomputer or a PLC control system, which will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Specifically, the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2 further includes a limiting member 27. The limiting member 27 is arranged between the adsorbing member 221 and the accommodating member 11 and is provided with a limiting hole 271 for passing through the sampling member 222. When the sampling member 222 is released, it can pass through the limiting hole 271 and penetrate into the sample 100, so as to play a role in limiting and guiding the falling process of the sampling member 222. Among them, the limiting member 27 is selected from a limiting plate or a limiting block, which will not be overly limited here.

[0059] Specifically, the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments further includes a first simulation chamber 4 and a second simulation chamber 5 that are detachably connected to each other. Among the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5, one is provided with the accommodating member 11, and the other is provided with the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2, so as to facilitate the operator to assemble and disassemble and maintain the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5.

[0060] More specifically, in this embodiment, the accommodating member 11 is arranged in the first simulation chamber 4, and the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2 is arranged in the second simulation chamber 5. In other embodiments, the accommodating member 11 is arranged in the second simulation chamber 5, and the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2 is arranged in the first simulation chamber 4. It can be understood that the specific positions of the above components are not overly limited.

[0061] Even more specifically, the carrying mechanism 1 further includes a test bench frame, and the test bench frame is used to support the first simulation chamber 4 to ensure the stability of the accommodating member 11 in the first simulation chamber 4 during the experiment and avoid the accommodating member 11 having a greater impact on the penetration process of the sampling member 222.

[0062] Specifically, the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling further includes a pressure maintaining mechanism 6. The pressure maintaining mechanism 6 is arranged between the bearing mechanism 1 and the energy storage penetration mechanism 2. The first simulation chamber 4 is selectively connected to the second simulation chamber 5 through the pressure maintaining mechanism 6, facilitating the operator to independently control the temperature and pressure of the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 respectively to meet different experimental requirements. Moreover, the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling also includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. Such a setting can monitor the experimental data of the temperature and pressure in the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 in real time, thus meeting the experimental requirements.

[0063] More specifically, in this embodiment, the pressure maintaining mechanism 6 includes a ball valve. The ball valve is detachably arranged between the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 and includes a ball and a valve stem. By driving the ball to rotate through the valve stem, the cutting and distribution of the medium between the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 are realized. Moreover, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5, and ensure that the phase state of the sample 100 does not change, guaranteeing the normal progress of the experiment. In other embodiments, the pressure maintaining mechanism 6 is selected as a globe valve or a butterfly valve, and the specific structure of the pressure maintaining mechanism 6 is not overly limited herein.

[0064] Even more specifically, both the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 are provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet, and the on-off of the above-mentioned ports is controlled by solenoid valves respectively, thereby realizing the independent pressurization, pressure relief, water inlet and water drainage operations of the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 respectively, facilitating the simulation of the actual situation of seabed sediments and being conducive to improving the accuracy of experimental data.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a usage method of the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling. It is applied to the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling in this embodiment, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment and meet the experimental requirements of different penetration speeds of the sampling member 222. The usage method of the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling includes:

[0066] Step 1: Fill the sample 100 into the accommodating member 11.

[0067] In the above step 1, configure the sample 100 in the accommodating member 11 according to the data research and experimental requirements to simulate submarine sediments: First, add a certain amount of pure water to the accommodating member 11, and add 20% - 35% clay, 20% - 30% silt, and 35% sandy particles respectively in another container (the different mud and sand ratios can be adjusted according to requirements). Then add water to the container and stir. Pour the stirred mixture in the container through a sieve into the accommodating member 11, and let it freely fall and settle in the water. During this process, for every 5 cm of the mixture added, let it stand for 30 minutes, and evenly add a layer of metal tracer particles on each layer of the mixture until the sample 100 fills the accommodating member 11.

[0068] Before the above step 1, the following steps are also included: Install the test bench frame, the first simulation chamber 4, and the pressure maintaining mechanism 6 in sequence from bottom to top, and install the accommodating member 11 in the first simulation chamber 4.

[0069] Step 2: Adsorb the sampling member 222 through the adsorbing member 221.

[0070] Before the above step 2, the following steps are also included: After the sample 100 fills the accommodating member 11, close the pressure maintaining mechanism 6, pressurize by injecting water and exhausting air, gradually increase the pressure inside the first simulation chamber 4 to the required pressure, and through the water inlet and drain outlet, make the water body circulate inside the first simulation chamber 4, and reduce the temperature inside the first simulation chamber 4 to about 2°C.

[0071] Step 3: The lifting driver 21 acts to make the sampling assembly 22 rise to a preset height and accumulate the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member 23.

[0072] Before the above step 3, the following steps are also included: Connect the second simulation chamber 5 with the pressure maintaining mechanism 6, and install the energy storage and penetration mechanism 2 in the second simulation chamber 5. During the installation process, ensure that the adsorbing member 221 is powered on to adsorb the sampling member 222. Then inject water, exhaust air, pressurize, and cool down the second simulation chamber 5 so that the pressure and temperature in the second simulation chamber 5 are basically the same as those in the first simulation chamber 4. Then open the pressure maintaining mechanism 6 to make the first simulation chamber 4 and the second simulation chamber 5 communicate with each other.

[0073] In the above step 3, drive the adsorbing member 221 to rise to a preset height through the lifting driver 21. The rising of the adsorbing member 221 drives the sampling member 222 to rise, and makes the positioning portion 2221 pass through the positioning hole 241. The energy storage member 23 accumulates elastic potential energy by being compressed against the fixing member 24 to provide driving force for the release of the sampling member 222. Then detect the compression amount of the energy storage member 23 through the compression amount sensor 25 so that the controller 26 can calculate the release speed of the sampling member 222.

[0074] Step 4: The adsorbing member 221 releases the sampling member 222, so that the sampling member 222 penetrates into the sample 100 in the accommodating member 11 under the driving action of the energy storage member 23.

[0075] In the above Step 4, when the adsorbing member 221 rises to a preset height, that is, when the compression amount of the energy storage member 23 reaches a predetermined value, the lifting driver 21 stops driving the sampling member 222 to rise, and powers off the adsorbing member 221 to release the sampling member 222. The sampling member 222 penetrates through the limiting hole 271 under the driving action of its own gravity and the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member 23, and penetrates into the sample 100. At this time, the infrared laser scanning velocimeter monitors the speed of the sampling member 222 when it contacts the sample 100.

[0076] Before the above Step 4, the following steps are further included: Start the X-ray diffractometer and the X-ray detector. To ensure that in the high-pressure and low-temperature penetration test of the sample 100, the X-ray diffractometer can emit electromagnetic waves with a specific wavelength to the accommodating member 11, the X-ray detector can display the real-time position of the metal tracer particles in the sample 100 in the accommodating member 11, and process the real-time position data of the metal tracer particles by the digital image processing method DIC, and display the moving trajectory of the metal tracer particles on the corresponding screen, so as to simulate the change law of the disturbance characteristics of the submarine sediment during the penetration process.

[0077] After the above Step 4, the following steps are further included: After the penetration and disturbance observation experiment of the sample 100 is completed, the lifting driver 21 operates to drive the adsorbing member 221 to descend until the adsorbing member 221 contacts the sampling member 222, then the lifting driver 21 is turned off, and the adsorbing member 221 is powered on to adsorb the sampling member 222, and then the lifting driver 21 is started again to lift the sampling assembly 22 until the sampling assembly 22 is completely received in the second simulation chamber 5, then the pressure maintaining mechanism 6 is closed, the pressure in the second simulation chamber 5 is released, and after the pressure in the second simulation chamber 5 is released, the energy storage penetration mechanism 2 and the second simulation chamber 5 are disassembled and replaced with other experimental instruments to be tested.

[0078] It should be noted that the method for using the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: First, the sample 100 is filled into the accommodating member 11 to simulate the in-situ accumulation structure of submarine sediments. Then, the sampling member 222 is adsorbed and fixed at its initial position by the adsorbing member 221, facilitating the subsequent release of the sampling member 222 to penetrate into the sample 100. The lifting driver 21 operates to raise the sampling assembly 22 to a preset height and accumulate the elastic potential energy of the energy storage member 23. By setting different preset heights, different penetration speeds are provided for the sampling member 222. Finally, the adsorbing member 221 releases the sampling member 222, enabling the sampling member 222 to penetrate into the sample 100 in the accommodating member 11 under the driving action of the energy storage member 23, ensuring that the sampling member 222 penetrates with an acceleration close to the actual working condition, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment. Through the above settings, the method for using the experimental device for observing the penetration sampling disturbance characteristics of submarine sediments in this application can improve the accuracy of the experiment and meet the experimental requirements for different penetration speeds of the sampling member 222.

[0079] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling, characterized in that: include: A carrying mechanism (1) comprises a container (11), wherein the container (11) is configured to contain a sample (100); The force storage penetration mechanism (2) comprises a lifting drive (21), a sampling component (22) and a force storage member (23); the lifting drive (21) is capable of driving the sampling component (22) to lift and lower; the sampling component (22) comprises an adsorption member (221) and a sampling member (222); the adsorption member (221) is configured to selectively adsorb or release the sampling member (222); the force storage member (23) is arranged on the sampling member (222); when the adsorption member (221) adsorbs the sampling member (222), the elastic potential energy of the force storage member (23) can be accumulated by the rise of the sampling member (222); when the adsorption member (221) releases the sampling member (222), the force storage member (23) can drive the sampling member (222) to penetrate the sample (100) arranged in the container (11).

2. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling also includes an observation mechanism (3), the sample (100) contains metal tracer particles, and the observation mechanism (3) is configured to track and display the metal tracer particles in the sample (100).

3. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The output end of the lifting drive (21) is provided with the adsorption member (221); when the adsorption member (221) is powered on, the adsorption member (221) adsorbs the sampling member (222); when the adsorption member (221) is powered off, the adsorption member (221) releases the sampling member (222).

4. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force storage penetration mechanism (2) further comprises a fixing member (24), one end of the force storage member (23) abuts against the sampling member (222), and when the sampling member (222) is lifted or lowered relative to the fixing member (24), the other end of the force storage member (23) can abut against the fixing member (24).

5. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fixing member (24) is provided with a positioning hole (241), the sampling member (222) is provided with a positioning portion (2221), the force storage member (23) is sleeved on the positioning portion (2221), when the sampling member (222) rises relative to the fixing member (24), the positioning portion (2221) can pass through the positioning hole (241), and when the sampling member (222) descends relative to the fixing member (24), the positioning portion (2221) can be drawn out of the positioning hole (241).

6. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force storage penetration mechanism (2) further comprises a compression sensor (25) and a controller (26); the compression sensor (25) is communicatively connected to the controller (26) and is configured to detect the compression amount of the force storage member (23); and the controller (26) is capable of controlling the action of the lifting drive (21).

7. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force-storing penetration mechanism (2) further comprises a limiting member (27), wherein the limiting member (27) is arranged between the adsorption member (221) and the containing member (11) and is provided with a limiting hole (271) for penetrating the sampling member (222).

8. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling also includes a first simulation chamber (4) and a second simulation chamber (5) which are detachably connected to each other, and one of the first simulation chamber (4) and the second simulation chamber (5) is provided with the container (11), and the other is provided with the force storage penetration mechanism (2).

9. The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling also includes a pressure-maintaining mechanism (6), which is arranged between the supporting mechanism (1) and the force-storing penetration mechanism (2), and the first simulation chamber (4) can be selectively connected to the second simulation chamber (5) through the pressure-maintaining mechanism (6).

10. A method for using an experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling, characterized in that: The experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method for using the experimental device for observing the disturbance characteristics of seabed sediment penetration sampling comprises: Step 1: Filling a sample (100) into a container (11); Step 2: The sampling member (222) is adsorbed by the adsorption member (221); Step 3: The lifting driver (21) is activated to raise the sampling assembly (22) to a preset height and accumulate the elastic potential energy of the force storage member (23); Step 4: The adsorption member (221) releases the sampling member (222), so that the sampling member (222) penetrates into the sample (100) in the containing member (11) under the driving action of the force storage member (23).

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