Lithium ion battery thermal runaway jet impact hazard assessment device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery thermal runaway jet impact hazard assessment device and method, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery testing, and the device comprises a pressure tank, the inner cavity of the pressure tank is a test cavity, and the wall of the pressure tank is provided with a transparent window; the camera is arranged on one side outside the pressure tank and corresponds to the transparent window; the measuring assembly is arranged in the test cavity; a battery inclination angle adjusting mechanism for positioning and adjusting the inclination posture of the battery is arranged at the lower part of the measuring assembly; a force measuring assembly for measuring the jet impact force generated by thermal runaway of the battery is arranged above the battery inclination angle adjusting mechanism at the upper part of the measuring assembly; the heating assembly is used for connecting and heating the battery so as to enable the battery to generate thermal runaway; and the data recorder is electrically connected with the force measuring assembly so as to collect and record jet impact force data in the thermal runaway process of the battery. According to the invention, the damage caused by thermal runaway jet impact of the lithium ion battery at different placement angles can be simulated, so that the jet impact change rule in a multi-dimensional space can be observed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium-ion battery testing, and particularly to a device and method for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of lithium-ion battery technology, its application fields are becoming more and more extensive, but the accompanying safety problems are also becoming increasingly prominent. Under the action of external influencing factors or internal influencing factors, lithium-ion batteries will cause thermal runaway. At this time, uncontrollable and violent chemical reactions will occur inside the battery, and the safety valve of the lithium-ion battery will automatically open due to reaching the set pressure value, forming jet flame and other jet impact hazards, which may cause damage to the surrounding environment and equipment, and even trigger safety accidents such as fires and explosions.

[0003] Currently, the hazard assessment of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries is mainly horizontal impact tests. In this test, the battery is horizontally placed on a loading rack, thermal runaway is triggered, and various sensors are used to measure engineering data such as temperature fields and thermal radiation, while ignoring the phenomenon of the battery placement angle deviation in the non-horizontal placement case and the impact force received by the experimental board. Under the action of gravity and non-linear factors, the path of high-temperature ejecta and the combustion performance of the jet flame will change, thus affecting its performance during jet impact, and the direct harm of the impact force to the plane of the experimental board is not considered. Therefore, the existing test devices and test methods cannot fully reflect the true hazard situation during the thermal runaway jet impact of the battery.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a device and method for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries, which can simulate the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries on top obstacles at different placement angles, quantitatively analyze key parameters such as impact force, high temperature, and damage of the experimental board, observe the change rules of jet impact under different conditions in multi-dimensional space, and simultaneously test the effects of inclusive measures under different conditions, so as to provide technical support for the improvement of the thermal safety performance of lithium-ion batteries in multi-dimensional space is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a device and method for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries, aiming to solve the technical problem that the conventional testing device for thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries cannot simulate the hazards generated by thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries at different placement angles.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries, including:

[0008] A pressure tank, the inner cavity of the pressure tank is a sealable test cavity, and a transparent window is provided on its tank wall;

[0009] A camera, the camera is arranged on one side outside the pressure tank and corresponds to the transparent window to photograph and record the spray impact form and flame image of the battery thermal runaway in the test cavity;

[0010] A measurement component, which is arranged in the test cavity; a battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism for positioning, installing and adjusting the inclination posture of the battery is provided at the lower part of the measurement component, and a force measurement component for measuring the spray impact force generated by the battery thermal runaway is provided above the battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism corresponding to the upper part of the measurement component;

[0011] A heating component, the heating component is used to connect and heat the battery to cause the battery to have a thermal runaway;

[0012] A data recorder, the data recorder is electrically connected to the force measurement component to collect and record the spray impact force data during the battery thermal runaway process.

[0013] A device for evaluating the spray impact hazard of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway according to the present invention can position and adjust the inclination posture of the battery installation through the battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism to change the spray impact direction on the force measurement component when the tested battery has a thermal runaway, and can simulate the influence of gravity and non-linear factors in multiple dimensions on the high-temperature spray and jet flame generated by the battery thermal runaway spray impact, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the hazard of the battery thermal runaway; furthermore, it provides technical support for improving the thermal safety performance of lithium-ion batteries in multi-dimensional space.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the measurement component includes a mounting rack arranged in the test cavity and a liftable mounting body arranged on the upper part of the mounting rack; the battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the mounting rack; when measuring the spray impact force of the battery thermal runaway, the force measurement component is arranged above the battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism, and the liftable mounting body is detachably connected to the force measurement component to drive the force measurement component to lift and thus adjust the height difference between the force measurement component and the battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the force measurement component includes a pressure sensor and an impact force experiment plate; the upper end of the pressure sensor is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body; the impact force experiment plate is connected to the lower end of the pressure sensor and corresponds to the upper part of the battery inclination angle adjustment mechanism to bear the spray impact force generated by the battery thermal runaway; the data recorder is electrically connected to the pressure sensor to collect and record the spray impact force data.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the measuring component also includes a temperature measuring component; when measuring the battery thermal runaway injection temperature, the temperature measuring component is arranged above the battery tilt adjustment mechanism, and the liftable mounting body is detachably connected to the temperature measuring component to drive the temperature measuring component to rise and fall and thereby adjust the height difference between the temperature measuring component and the battery tilt adjustment mechanism; the data recorder is electrically connected to the temperature measuring component to collect and record the injection temperature data during the battery thermal runaway process.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the temperature measurement component includes a battery pack test board, a clamping plate 1, a clamping plate 2, a temperature sensor 1 and a temperature sensor 2;

[0018] The clamping plate 1 and the clamping plate 2 are arranged corresponding to the lower plate surface and the upper plate surface of the battery pack test board; the temperature sensor 1 is arranged between the clamping plate 1 and the lower plate surface of the battery pack test board, and the data recorder is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 1 to collect and record the impact surface temperature of the test board; the temperature sensor 2 is arranged between the clamping plate 2 and the upper plate surface of the battery pack test board, and the data recorder is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 2 to collect and record the non-impact surface temperature of the test board; the clamping plate 2 is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, it also includes a temperature sensor three, which is used to be attached to the wall of the battery to measure the surface temperature of the battery during the thermal runaway of the battery; the data recorder is electrically connected to the temperature sensor three to collect and record the surface temperature data of the battery during the thermal runaway of the battery.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the battery inclination adjustment mechanism includes an inclination adjustment plate, a telescopic rod and a positioning mold; one end of the inclination adjustment plate is hinged at the lower part of the measuring component; the telescopic rod is installed at the lower part of the measuring component; the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is transmission-connected to the inclination adjustment plate to telescopically drive the inclination adjustment plate to rotate and thereby change the inclination; the positioning mold is installed on the upper surface of the inclination adjustment plate; the top surface of the positioning mold is provided with a fixed slot for adapting to the bottom of the plug-in battery.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for assessing the hazard of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery, using the device for assessing the hazard of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery; the impact force measurement step comprises:

[0022] S11: The heating body of the heating assembly is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the tested battery, and the tested battery is positioned and installed on the battery tilt adjustment mechanism and directly below the corresponding force measuring assembly, and the installation tilt angle α of the tested battery is adjusted by the battery tilt adjustment mechanism; the installation tilt angle α is the angle between the height direction of the battery and the horizontal direction, and its adjustment range is 0-90°;

[0023] S12: Arrange the measuring component in the inner cavity of the pressure tank;

[0024] S13: Turn on the data recorder and the camera, and turn on the heating component to heat the battery under test;

[0025] S14: After the battery under test undergoes thermal runaway, first turn off the heating component, then turn off the camera after a preset time one, and turn off the data recorder after a preset time two;

[0026] S15: Conduct data analysis on the jet impact force, jet impact form, and flame image, and obtain the impact force curve that the force measuring component receives during the thermal runaway process of the battery under test in the case of the installation inclination angle α; obtain the jet velocity, jet trajectory, and heat release rate of the ejecta during the thermal runaway of the battery under test through the jet impact form and flame image data.

[0027] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the temperature measurement step includes:

[0028] S21: Replace the battery under test, fixedly connect the heating element of the heating component to the outer peripheral wall of the battery under test; detach the force measuring component from the liftable mounting body, and install the temperature measuring component on the liftable mounting body; position and install the battery under test on the battery inclination adjustment mechanism and directly below the corresponding temperature measuring component;

[0029] S22: Adjust the height difference between the temperature measuring component and the battery under test through the liftable mounting body to set the impact distance h; adjust the installation inclination angle α of the battery under test through the battery inclination adjustment mechanism;

[0030] S23: Arrange the measuring component in the inner cavity of the pressure tank;

[0031] S24: Turn on the data recorder, and turn on the heating component to heat the battery under test;

[0032] S25: After the battery under test undergoes thermal runaway, first turn off the heating component, and then turn off the data recorder after a preset time three;

[0033] S26: Conduct temperature data and damage condition analysis of the temperature measuring component, and evaluate the danger of high-temperature impact during the thermal runaway of the battery and the containment ability of the temperature measuring component by analyzing the temperature data of the temperature measuring component during the thermal runaway process of the battery under test in the case of the installation inclination angle α and the impact distance h.

[0034] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S11 further includes; adjusting the height difference between the force measuring component and the battery under test through the liftable mounting body to set the impact distance h.

[0035] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a device and method for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries, having the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries designed by the present invention can effectively simulate the hazards caused by thermal runaway jet impact of lithium-ion batteries in a battery pack, and introduces impact force to evaluate the hazards of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries.

[0037] 2. Considering the actual installation conditions of the battery, the battery pack is not always in a horizontal state. By adjusting the installation inclination angle of the battery through the battery inclination adjustment mechanism, the influence of the action of gravity and non-linear factors in multi-dimensional space on the high-temperature ejecta and jet flame generated by the thermal runaway jet impact of the battery can be studied, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the hazards of battery thermal runaway.

[0038] 3. By means of experiments, the present invention explores the influence of key factors such as different jet impact angles and jet impact distances on the inclusiveness of the battery pack housing, which can provide a reference for relevant inclusiveness tests for power system safety verification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic assembly diagram of the force measuring component of a device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of adjusting the installation inclination angle α of a device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic assembly diagram of the temperature measuring component of a device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 Test temperature curve diagram of a device for evaluating the hazards of thermal runaway jet impact of a lithium-ion battery according to the present invention under the combined working conditions of installation inclination angle α = 90°, 100% SOC, and impact distance h of 1 cm;

[0045] Figure 6 The impact force variation curve diagram of a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway spray impact hazard assessment device of the present invention under various working conditions (installation inclination angle α = 90°, different impact distances h);

[0046] Figure 7 The analysis diagram of the peak temperature influence of a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway spray impact hazard assessment device of the present invention under various working conditions (different impact distances h);

[0047] Figure 8 The flame picture of the battery spray taken by the high-speed camera of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 The flow chart of the battery thermal runaway spray impact hazard assessment of the present invention;

[0049] In the figure: 1. Pressure tank; 11. Transparent window; 2. Camera; 3. Measuring component; 31. Mounting frame; 311. Lead screw component; 32. Battery inclination adjustment mechanism; 321. Inclination adjustment plate; 322. Telescopic rod; 323. Positioning die; 33. Liftable mounting body; 331. Mounting top plate; 332. Nut component; 34. Force measuring component; 341. Pressure sensor; 342. Impact force experiment plate; 343. DC power supply; 35. Temperature measuring component; 351. Battery pack experiment plate; 352. Clamping plate one; 353. Clamping plate two; 354. Baffle; 36. Base; 4. Heating component; 41. Heating body; 42. Heating power supply; 5. Data recorder; 6. Temperature sensor three; 7. Battery; 8. Horizontal line. Specific embodiments

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, a device for evaluating the jet impact hazard of a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway includes:

[0055] A pressure tank 1, the inner cavity of the pressure tank 1 is a sealable test chamber, and a transparent window 11 is provided on its tank wall;

[0056] A camera 2, the camera 2 is arranged on one side outside the pressure tank 1 and corresponding to the transparent window 11 to photograph and record the thermal runaway jet impact form and flame image of the battery 7 in the test chamber;

[0057] A measurement assembly 3, arranged in the test chamber; a battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32 for positioning, installing and adjusting the inclination posture of the battery 7 is provided at the lower part of the measurement assembly 3, and a force measurement assembly 34 for measuring the jet impact force generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 7 is provided above the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32 at the upper part of the measurement assembly 3;

[0058] A heating assembly 4, the heating assembly 4 is used to connect and heat the battery 7 to cause the battery 7 to have a thermal runaway;

[0059] A data recorder 5, the data recorder 5 is electrically connected to the force measurement assembly 34 to collect and record the jet impact force data during the thermal runaway process of the battery 7.

[0060] A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet impact hazard assessment device according to this embodiment can position and adjust the tilt posture of the battery 7 through the battery tilt adjustment mechanism to change the jet impact direction of the battery 7 under test during thermal runaway on the force measuring component 34, and can simulate the influence of gravity and non-linear factors in multiple dimensions on the high-temperature ejecta and jet flame generated by the battery thermal runaway jet impact, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the hazards of battery thermal runaway; furthermore, it provides technical support for improving the thermal safety performance of lithium-ion batteries in multi-dimensional space.

[0061] Specifically, the top cover for opening and closing the test chamber is installed at the mouth of the pressure tank 1; during the test, the measuring component 3 can be integrally loaded into the test chamber from the mouth of the pressure tank 1. The camera 2 can be a high-speed camera.

[0062] In some embodiments, the measuring component 3 includes a mounting frame 31 arranged in the test chamber and a liftable mounting body 33 arranged on the upper part of the mounting frame 31; the battery tilt adjustment mechanism 32 is arranged at the lower part of the mounting frame 31; when measuring the jet impact force of the battery thermal runaway, the force measuring component 34 is arranged corresponding to the upper part of the battery tilt adjustment mechanism 32, and the liftable mounting body 33 is detachably connected to the force measuring component 34 to drive the force measuring component 34 to lift and thus adjust the height difference between the force measuring component 34 and the battery tilt adjustment mechanism 32.

[0063] In some embodiments, the force measuring component 34 includes a pressure sensor 341 and an impact force experimental plate 342; the upper end of the pressure sensor 341 is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body 33; the impact force experimental plate 342 is connected to the lower end of the pressure sensor 341 and corresponds to the upper part of the battery tilt adjustment mechanism 32 to bear the jet impact force generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 7; the data recorder 5 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 341 to collect and record the jet impact force data.

[0064] Specifically, the force measuring component 34 is used to measure the impact force of the battery thermal runaway jet impact on the top obstacle. The force measuring component 34 further includes a DC power supply 343, and the DC power supply 343 is a 24V DC power supply; the pressure sensor 341 can be a piezoelectric force sensor, and the 24V DC power supply is a supporting device for the pressure sensor 341; the 24V DC power supply is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 341 and the data recorder 5 for power supply. The impact force experimental plate 342 is a double-layer stainless steel experimental plate, including two stainless steel experimental plates arranged parallel and opposite to each other with a certain interval, and the two stainless steel experimental plates are connected and fixed by support columns or bolts. The liftable mounting body 33 and the pressure sensor 341 as well as the pressure sensor 341 and the impact force experimental plate 342 are all connected by bolts.

[0065] In some embodiments, the measurement assembly 3 further includes a temperature measurement assembly 35; when measuring the thermal runaway ejection temperature of the battery 7, the temperature measurement assembly 35 is arranged corresponding to the upper part of the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32, and the liftable mounting body 33 is detachably connected to the temperature measurement assembly 35 to drive the temperature measurement assembly 35 to lift and thereby adjust the height difference between the temperature measurement assembly 35 and the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32; the data recorder 5 is electrically connected to the temperature measurement assembly 35 to collect and record the ejection temperature data during the thermal runaway of the battery 7.

[0066] In some embodiments, the temperature measurement assembly 35 includes a battery pack experimental board 351, a first clamping plate 352, a second clamping plate 353, a first temperature sensor, and a second temperature sensor;

[0067] The first clamping plate 352 and the second clamping plate 353 are respectively arranged corresponding to the lower plate surface and the upper plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351; the first temperature sensor is arranged between the first clamping plate 352 and the lower plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351, and the data recorder 5 is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor to collect and record the temperature of the impact surface of the experimental board; the second temperature sensor is arranged between the second clamping plate 353 and the upper plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351, and the data recorder 5 is electrically connected to the second temperature sensor to collect and record the temperature of the non-impact surface of the experimental board; the second clamping plate 353 is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body 33.

[0068] Specifically, both the first clamping plate 352 and the second clamping plate 353 are annular stainless steel clamping plates with a thickness of 5 mm. The first clamping plate 352 and the second clamping plate 353 clamp the edge of the battery pack experimental board 351, and the central ring hole exposes the battery pack experimental board 351; the lower plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351 close to the battery 7 is the impact surface of the experimental board; the upper plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351 away from the battery 7 is the non-impact surface of the experimental board; the first temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the lower plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351, and the first clamping plate 352 is used to protect the first temperature sensor from being damaged by impact to ensure that the first temperature sensor can measure the temperature normally; the second temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the upper plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351. The danger of high-temperature impact caused by high-temperature jet flames and the like during the thermal runaway of the battery can be analyzed through the temperatures of the impact surface and the non-impact surface of the experimental board.

[0069] In some embodiments, the temperature measurement assembly 35 further includes a baffle 354. The baffle 354 is installed above the second clamping plate 353, and the baffle 354 is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body 33. The baffle 354 is a stainless steel baffle.

[0070] Specifically, the first clamping plate 352, the battery pack experimental board 351, the second clamping plate 353, and the baffle 354 are sequentially arranged at intervals and in parallel from bottom to top. The first clamping plate 352, the second clamping plate 353, and the baffle 354 are connected and fastened together by bolts, and then the battery pack experimental board 351 is clamped and fixed between the first clamping plate 352 and the second clamping plate 353. The baffle 354 is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body 33 by bolts.

[0071] In some embodiments, it further includes a temperature sensor III 6, which is used to be attached to the peripheral wall of the battery 7 to measure the surface temperature of the battery 7 during the thermal runaway process of the battery 7; the data recorder 5 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor III 6 to collect and record the surface temperature data of the battery 7 during the thermal runaway process of the battery 7.

[0072] In some embodiments, the battery inclination angle adjusting mechanism 32 includes an inclination angle adjusting plate 321, a telescopic rod 322, and a positioning die 323; one end of the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 is hinged to the lower part of the measuring assembly 3; the telescopic rod 322 is installed at the lower part of the measuring assembly 3; the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 322 is drivingly connected to the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 to telescopically drive the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 to rotate and thus change the inclination angle; the positioning die 323 is fixedly installed on the upper plate surface of the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 by bolts or welding; a fixing slot for adaptively inserting the bottom of the battery 7 is provided on the top surface of the positioning die 323.

[0073] Specifically, the measuring assembly 3 further includes a base 36; one end of the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 is hinged to one side of the upper end of the base 36 through a mechanical hinge; the fixed end of the telescopic rod 322 is hinged to the other side of the upper end of the base 36, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 322 is hinged to the other end of the inclination angle adjusting plate 321; when the telescopic rod 322 expands and contracts, it can drive the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 to flip to change the inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 relative to the horizontal direction can be adjusted within the range of 0-90°. When the battery 7 is installed, the bottom end of the battery 7 is inserted into the fixing slot on the top surface of the positioning die 323, and the battery 7 is vertically fixedly connected to the inclination angle adjusting plate 321 through the positioning die 323. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod 322, the inclination angle of the battery 7 can be adjusted. The telescopic rod 322 can be an electric push rod.

[0074] In some embodiments, the mounting frame 31 includes a lead screw assembly 311, and the lower end of the lead screw assembly 311 is vertically fixed on the upper end surface of the inclination angle adjusting plate 321; the liftable mounting body 33 includes a mounting top plate 331 and a nut assembly 332; the upper end of the lead screw assembly 311 vertically and movably penetrates the plate surface of the mounting top plate 331, and the mounting top plate 331 can be adjusted in height along the length direction of the lead screw assembly 311, and the mounting top plate 331 is tightly connected to the lead screw assembly 311 through the nut assembly 332. The baffle 354 is detachably connected to the mounting top plate 331 by bolts. The lifting adjustment of the mounting top plate 331 can drive the temperature measuring assembly 35 to lift, thereby adjusting the impact distance h between the top surface of the battery 7 installed on the positioning die 323 and the lower plate surface of the battery pack test board 351. The pressure sensor 341 is detachably connected to the mounting top plate 331 by bolts. The lifting adjustment of the mounting top plate 331 can drive the force measuring assembly 34 to lift, thereby adjusting the impact distance h between the top surface of the battery 7 installed on the positioning die 323 and the lower plate surface of the impact force test board 342.

[0075] Specifically, the lead screw assembly 311 includes a plurality of lead screws which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed along the inclination angle adjustment plate 321. The installation top plate 331 is parallel to the inclination angle adjustment plate 321 and through holes corresponding to the plurality of lead screws are provided at corresponding positions. The installation top plate 331 is sleeved on the plurality of lead screws through the through holes. The nut assembly 332 includes a plurality of nuts that can be adaptively threadedly connected to the lead screws; nuts are provided on the upper and lower plate surfaces of the installation top plate 331 corresponding to each lead screw, and the installation top plate 331 can be locked at any height on the lead screws through the nuts.

[0076] It should be noted that the lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet impact hazard assessment device of the present invention is used to test the danger of the jet impact after the battery thermal runaway and the inclusiveness of the battery pack for the battery thermal runaway. The core measuring devices are the force measuring component 34 and the temperature measuring component 35 that are detachably installed on the liftable installation body 33 of the measuring component 3; during use, the core measuring devices are placed in the inner cavity of the pressure tank 1. Considering the actual installation environment of the battery, when the battery undergoes thermal runaway in the installed state, the jet flame and the high-temperature mixture are reflected and dispersed when hitting the surface of the top obstacle, and many complex changes such as heat transfer occur. Therefore, experimental plates (the impact force experimental plate 342 and the battery pack experimental plate 351) are used to simulate the top structure of the battery pack in the real situation. The core measuring devices are divided into a temperature measuring device and a force measuring device. The data recorder 5, the pressure sensor 341, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor 6 together constitute the data acquisition device. The third temperature sensor 6, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used to measure the surface temperature of the battery 7, the temperature of the impact surface of the experimental plate (the lower plate surface of the battery pack experimental plate 351) and the temperature of the non-impact surface of the experimental plate (the upper plate surface of the battery pack experimental plate 351) during the thermal runaway of the battery 7 to be measured; the pressure sensor 341 is used to measure the impact force on the upper impact force experimental plate 342 during the thermal runaway of the battery 7. Since the pressure sensor 341 needs to be installed and used under a certain pre-tightening force, if the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the pressure sensor 341 are all installed on the experimental plate (the impact force experimental plate 342 or the battery pack experimental plate 351), due to the presence of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, the pressure sensor 341 cannot be closely attached to the experimental plate, and the installation of the pressure sensor 341 requires bolts to pass through its middle hole to ensure the pre-tightening force of the structure. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the impact force and temperature measurement, a technical method of separately measuring the temperature and the impact force is adopted, that is, the force measuring component 34 is used as the core force measuring device, the temperature measuring component 35 is used as the core temperature measuring device, and they are used separately and independently for measurement.

[0077] In some embodiments, the heating component 4 includes a heating element 41 and a heating power supply 42; the heating power supply 42 is electrically connected to the heating element 41 to supply power to make the heating element 41 generate heat. The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor 6 can all be thermocouples. A spot welder and nickel sheets can be used to weld and fix the third temperature sensor 6 and the heating element 41 to the outer side of the battery 7 to be measured by spot welding to ensure the accuracy of temperature measurement and the tightness of the connection. The heating element 41 can be an electric heating rod.

[0078] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the hazard of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet impact, using a device for evaluating the hazard of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet impact; the impact force measurement steps include:

[0079] S11: Fix the heating element of the heating component 4 to the outer peripheral wall of the battery 7 to be measured, and position and install the battery 7 to be measured on the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32 and directly below the force measurement component 34, and adjust the installation inclination α of the battery 7 to be measured through the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32; the installation inclination α is the angle between the height direction of the battery 7 and the horizontal direction, and its adjustment range is 0-90°;

[0080] S12: Arrange the measurement component 3 in the inner cavity of the pressure tank 1;

[0081] S13: Turn on the data recorder 5 and the camera 2, and turn on the heating component 4 to heat the battery 7 to be measured;

[0082] S14: After the battery 7 to be measured undergoes thermal runaway, first turn off the heating component 4, then turn off the camera 2 after a preset time one, and turn off the data recorder 5 after a preset time two;

[0083] S15: Analyze the jet impact force, jet impact morphology, and flame image data to obtain the impact force curve of the force measurement component 34 during the thermal runaway process of the battery 7 to be measured in the case of the installation inclination α; obtain the jet velocity, jet trajectory, and heat release rate of the thermal runaway of the battery 7 to be measured through the jet impact morphology and flame image data.

[0084] In some embodiments, step S11 further includes; adjusting the height difference between the force measurement component 34 and the battery 7 to be measured through the liftable mounting body 33 to set the impact distance h.

[0085] Specifically, in step S11, the battery 7 is pre-treated by removing its outer packaging. The temperature sensor III 6 and the heating element 41 are welded and fixed to the side of the battery 7 to be tested. The bottom of the battery 7 is inserted into the fixed slot on the top surface of the positioning die 323, and the battery 7 is placed perpendicular to the upper surface of the inclination adjustment plate 321. The force measurement core device is assembled and adjusted. The pressure sensor 341 is installed between the impact force test plate 342 and the installation top plate 331 by bolts and maintained with a certain pre-tightening force.

[0086] By adjusting the position of the nut assembly 33 on the lead screw assembly 311, the impact distance h (i.e., the distance from the top end of the battery 7 to the lower surface of the impact force test plate 342) is adjusted. The telescopic length of the telescopic rod 322 is adjusted in cooperation with the mechanical hinge to set the placement angle (0 - 90°) of the battery 7 to be tested. And by adjusting the layout position of the positioning die 323 on the upper surface of the inclination adjustment plate 321, the central axis of the battery 7 and the center point of the impact force test plate 342 are made to coincide as much as possible.

[0087] In step S12, the measurement assembly 3 is arranged in the test chamber of the pressure tank 1, and the base 36 and the impact force test plate 342 of the force measurement core device are both kept horizontal. The top cover is sealed to the tank opening of the pressure tank 1 with bolts to seal the test chamber. The position of the camera 2 is adjusted through the camera bracket so that the camera 2 can capture the images of the thermal runaway spray impact of the battery in the test chamber through the transparent window 11 on the outer wall of the pressure tank 1.

[0088] In step S13, the heating power supply 43 is turned on, and the battery 7 is heated by the heating element 41 at a constant power. It is recommended that the heating power of the heating element 41 be 30 - 60W. Low-power heating can exacerbate the degree of oxidation inside the battery, but if the power is too low, the battery cannot be heated to thermal runaway.

[0089] In step S14, immediately after the thermal runaway of the battery 7 occurs, the heating power supply 42 is turned off. The camera 2 is turned off after 3 minutes, and the data recorder 5 is stopped after 30 minutes.

[0090] In step S15, the impact force data analysis: The impact force curve received by the impact force test plate 342 during the thermal runaway of the battery can be obtained, from which the maximum impact force F received by the impact force test plate 342 can be analyzed max , and by integrating the impact force curve, the impulse received by the impact force test plate 342 can be obtained, that is At the same time, the area S of the trace left on the impact force test plate 342 after being subjected to the spray impact is measured. Through the maximum pressure P on the impact force test plate 342 can be roughly estimated max .

[0091] Analysis of Impact and Flame Image Data: According to the images captured by the high-speed camera, the collected images are processed using MATLAB software, and the color level and grayscale of the original images are adjusted. The frame difference method is used to identify the markers, that is, the foreground is obtained by subtracting the previous frame from the current frame, the pixel value corresponding to the displacement of the marker points is measured, and it is converted into the actual displacement using a scale to obtain the motion trajectory and the movement speed of the ejecta. And the heat release rate of the combustion of the thermal runaway gas of the lithium-ion battery 7 is estimated through the flame image. Through the existing literature research (Guo Wangyong, Li Lina, Wang Jingwei, etc. Experimental study on one-dimensional thermal runaway propagation of 18650 lithium-ion batteries [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2021, 40(3): 438-441+452), the relationship between the heat release rate of the flame and the average flame height of the vertical turbulent jet flame is calculated by the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula: L B is the flame height controlled by pure buoyancy; R M is the ratio of the gas release momentum to the momentum generated by the pure buoyancy diffusion flame. See the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Among them,

[0096] In the formula: D is the exhaust diameter; T ∞ is the ambient temperature; T m is the average temperature of the flame centerline; c P is the specific heat of air at constant pressure; g is the acceleration due to gravity; Q is the heat release rate of the flame; ρ ∞ is the ambient density; ΔT m is the temperature difference between T m and T ∞ , taking 500K; ΔH c is the unit mass combustion heat of the mixed gas; r is the actual mass stoichiometric ratio of air to the mixed combustible gas. The density calculation of the jet gas in the emission is shown in the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] Among them,

[0099] In the formula: ρ s is the density of the jet gas in the emission flow; p ∞ is the ambient pressure; p s is the internal pressure of the battery; T s is the internal temperature of the battery; ρ s∞is the density of the injected gas at ambient temperature and pressure. The estimated specific heat ratio of the mixed gas is calculated by the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] where: k is the estimated specific heat ratio of the mixed gas; x i 、k i are the mole fraction and specific heat ratio of the gas mixture. The values of the estimated parameters for the heat release rate are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1 Values of the estimated parameters for the heat release rate

[0103]

[0104] The combustion heat release rate of the battery thermal runaway gas can be calculated by the above formula.

[0105] In some embodiments, the temperature measurement step includes:

[0106] S21: Replace the battery 7 to be measured, fixedly connect the heating element of the heating assembly 4 to the outer peripheral wall of the battery 7 to be measured; detach the force measuring assembly 34 from the liftable mounting body 33, and install the temperature measuring assembly 35 on the liftable mounting body 33; position and install the battery 7 to be measured on the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32 and directly below the temperature measuring assembly 35;

[0107] S22: Adjust the height difference between the temperature measuring assembly 35 and the battery 7 to be measured through the liftable mounting body 33 to set the impact distance h; adjust the installation inclination α of the battery 7 to be measured through the battery inclination adjustment mechanism 32;

[0108] S23: Arrange the measuring assembly 3 in the inner cavity of the pressure tank 1;

[0109] S24: Turn on the data recorder 5, and turn on the heating assembly 4 to heat the battery 7 to be measured;

[0110] S25: After the battery 7 to be measured undergoes thermal runaway, first turn off the heating assembly 4, and then turn off the data recorder 5 after a preset time τ;

[0111] S26: Conduct an analysis of the temperature data and the damage condition of the temperature measuring assembly 35, and evaluate the danger of the high-temperature impact during the thermal runaway of the battery 7 to be measured and the containment ability of the temperature measuring assembly 35 by analyzing the temperature data of the temperature measuring assembly 35 during the thermal runaway of the battery 7 to be measured under the conditions of the installation inclination α and the impact distance h.

[0112] Specifically, in step S21, the battery 7 is pre-treated by removing the outer battery packaging. The temperature sensor III 6 and the heating element 41 are welded and fixed to the side of the battery 7 to be tested. The bottom of the battery 7 is inserted into the fixed slot on the top surface of the positioning die 323, and the battery 7 is placed on the upper plate surface of the vertical inclination adjustment plate 321. The temperature measurement core device is assembled and adjusted. The temperature sensor I and the temperature sensor II are respectively fixed to the impact surface and the non-impact surface of the experimental board of the battery pack experimental board 351 by tape, and then this part is fixed between the clamping plate I 352 and the clamping plate II 353.

[0113] In step S22, the position of the nut assembly 33 on the lead screw assembly 311 is adjusted to adjust the impact distance h (i.e., the distance from the top end of the battery 7 to the lower plate surface of the battery pack experimental board 351); the telescopic length of the telescopic rod 322 is adjusted in cooperation with the mechanical hinge to determine the placement angle (0-90°) of the battery 7 to be tested; and the central axis of the battery 7 and the center point of the battery pack experimental board 351 are made to coincide as much as possible.

[0114] In step S23, the measuring assembly 3 is arranged in the test chamber of the pressure tank 1, and the base 36 and the battery pack experimental board 351 of the temperature measurement core device are both kept horizontal; the top cover is sealed to the tank opening of the pressure tank 1 with bolts to seal the test chamber; the position of the camera 2 is adjusted through the camera bracket so that the camera 2 can capture the image of the thermal runaway jet impact of the battery in the test chamber through the transparent window 11 on the outer peripheral wall of the pressure tank 1.

[0115] In step S24, the heating power supply 43 is turned on, and the battery 7 is heated by the heating element 41 at a constant power. The heating power of the heating element 41 is preferably 30-60W, and low-power heating can exacerbate the degree of oxidation inside the battery 7.

[0116] In step S25, the heating power supply 42 is immediately turned off after the thermal runaway of the battery 7 occurs, and the data recorder 5 is stopped after 30 minutes.

[0117] In step S26, analyze the temperature data and the damage condition of the battery pack test board 351: By analyzing the surface temperature of battery 7, the temperature of the impact surface of the test board, the temperature of the non-impact surface of the test board, and the damage condition of the battery pack test board 351 (whether perforated and the size of the perforated area) during the thermal runaway process of battery 7 under different placement angles; the stage change of battery thermal runaway can be analyzed through the surface temperature of battery 7, the danger of high-temperature impact caused by high-temperature jet flames, etc. during the thermal runaway process of the battery can be analyzed through the temperature of the impact surface of the test board, and the containment ability of the battery pack test board can be analyzed through the temperature of the non-impact surface of the test board and the damage condition of the battery pack test board 351, that is, the ability of the battery pack to effectively prevent substances such as high-temperature ejecta, jet flames, and debris generated by battery thermal runaway from spreading outside the battery system. And the damage suffered by the battery pack test board 351 during the thermal runaway of the battery under different placement angles (0 to 90°) can be obtained, and the influence of gravity on the jet impact hazard of battery thermal runaway in multi-dimensional space can be explored.

[0118] In some embodiments, for the hazard consequence assessment: comprehensively evaluate the danger of the jet impact during the thermal runaway of the measured battery 7 under different placement angles (0 to 90°) based on the damage condition of the battery pack test board 351, each temperature curve, impact force curve, and heat release rate, and explore the influence of gravity on the jet impact hazard of battery thermal runaway in multi-dimensional space.

[0119] Specifically, Figure 5 is the test temperature curve under the combined working condition of 100% SOC and an impact distance h of 1 cm spacing. In the figure, T bat is the surface temperature of the battery, T frond is the temperature of the impact surface of the test board, T back is the temperature of the non-impact surface of the test board.

[0120] Figure 6 is the impact force change curve graph under each working condition (different impact distances h); Figure 7 is the analysis of the influence of the peak temperature under each working condition (different impact distances h); Figure 8 is the flame picture of the battery jet taken by the high-speed camera.

[0121] Specifically, Figure 9 is the flow chart of the battery thermal runaway jet impact hazard assessment provided by the present invention.

[0122] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0123] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for assessing the hazard of thermal runaway jet shock of a lithium-ion battery, characterized in that: include: A pressure tank (1), wherein the inner cavity of the pressure tank (1) is a sealable test cavity, and a transparent window (11) is provided on the tank wall; A camera (2), the camera (2) being arranged on one side outside the pressure tank (1) and corresponding to the transparent window (11) to photograph and record the thermal runaway jet impact morphology and flame image of the battery in the test chamber; A measuring assembly (3) is arranged in the test chamber; a battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32) for positioning, installing and adjusting the tilt posture of the battery is provided at the lower part of the measuring assembly (3); a force measuring assembly (34) for measuring the ejection impact force generated by thermal runaway of the battery is provided at the upper part of the measuring assembly (3) corresponding to the upper part of the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32); A heating component (4), the heating component (4) being used to connect to and heat the battery so as to cause thermal runaway of the battery; A data recorder (5), the data recorder (5) is electrically connected to the force measuring assembly (34) to collect and record injection impact force data during battery thermal runaway.

2. According to claim 1, a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet shock hazard assessment device is characterized in that: The measuring assembly (3) comprises a mounting frame (31) arranged in the test chamber and a liftable mounting body (33) arranged on the upper part of the mounting frame (31); the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32) is arranged at the lower part of the mounting frame (31); when measuring the battery thermal runaway jet impact force, the force measuring assembly (34) is arranged above the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32), and the liftable mounting body (33) is detachably connected to the force measuring assembly (34) to drive the force measuring assembly (34) to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the height difference between the force measuring assembly (34) and the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32).

3. According to claim 2, a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet shock hazard assessment device is characterized in that: The force measuring assembly (34) comprises a pressure sensor (341) and an impact force test plate (342); the upper end of the pressure sensor (341) is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body (33); the impact force test plate (342) is connected to the lower end of the pressure sensor (341) and corresponds to the upper part of the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32) to withstand the injection impact force generated by battery thermal runaway; the data recorder (5) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (341) to collect and record injection impact force data.

4. According to claim 2, a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet shock hazard assessment device is characterized in that: The measuring component (3) further comprises a temperature measuring component (35); when measuring the battery thermal runaway injection temperature, the temperature measuring component (35) is arranged above the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32); the liftable mounting body (33) is detachably connected to the temperature measuring component (35) to drive the temperature measuring component (35) to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the height difference between the temperature measuring component (35) and the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32); the data recorder (5) is electrically connected to the temperature measuring component (35) to collect and record the injection temperature data during the battery thermal runaway process.

5. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet shock hazard assessment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature measurement component (35) comprises a battery pack test board (351), a clamping plate 1 (352), a clamping plate 2 (353), a temperature sensor 1 and a temperature sensor 2; The clamping plate 1 (352) and the clamping plate 2 (353) are arranged corresponding to the lower plate surface and the upper plate surface of the battery pack test board (351); the temperature sensor 1 is arranged between the clamping plate 1 (352) and the lower plate surface of the battery pack test board (351), and the data recorder (5) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 1 to collect and record the temperature of the impact surface of the test board; the temperature sensor 2 is arranged between the clamping plate 2 (353) and the upper plate surface of the battery pack test board (351), and the data recorder (5) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 2 to collect and record the temperature of the non-impact surface of the test board; the clamping plate 2 (353) is detachably connected to the liftable mounting body (33).

6. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet shock hazard assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor three (6), which is used to be attached to the wall of the battery to measure the surface temperature of the battery during the thermal runaway of the battery; the data recorder (5) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor three (6) to collect and record the battery surface temperature data during the thermal runaway of the battery.

7. A lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet shock hazard assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery inclination adjustment mechanism (32) comprises an inclination adjustment plate (321), a telescopic rod (322) and a positioning mold (323); one end of the inclination adjustment plate (321) is hinged to the lower part of the measuring component (3); the telescopic rod (322) is installed at the lower part of the measuring component (3); the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (322) is transmission-connected to the inclination adjustment plate (321) so as to telescopically drive the inclination adjustment plate (321) to rotate and thereby change the inclination; the positioning mold (323) is installed on the upper plate surface of the inclination adjustment plate (321); and a fixed slot for adapting to the bottom of the battery is provided on the top surface of the positioning mold (323).

8. A method for assessing the hazard of thermal runaway jet shock of a lithium-ion battery, characterized in that: Using a lithium-ion battery thermal runaway jet impact hazard assessment device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the impact force measurement step comprises: S11: The heating body of the heating assembly (4) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the battery under test, and the battery under test is positioned and installed on the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32) and directly below the corresponding force measuring assembly (34), and the installation tilt angle α of the battery under test is adjusted by the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32); the installation tilt angle α is the angle between the height direction of the battery and the horizontal direction, and its adjustment range is 0-90°; S12: arranging the measuring assembly (3) in the inner cavity of the pressure tank (1); S13: Turning on the data recorder (5) and the camera (2), and turning on the heating component (4) to heat the battery under test; S14: After the tested battery has thermal runaway, the heating component (4) is first turned off, and then the camera (2) is turned off after a preset time of one, and the data recorder (5) is turned off after a preset time of two; S15: analyzing the jet impact force, jet impact shape and flame image data to obtain an impact force curve of the force measuring component (34) during the thermal runaway of the tested battery at an installation inclination angle α; and obtaining the jet velocity, jet trajectory and heat release rate of the thermal runaway of the tested battery through the jet impact shape and flame image data.

9. A method for assessing the hazard of thermal runaway jet shock of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature measurement steps include: S21: Replace the battery under test, and fix the heating body of the heating assembly (4) to the outer peripheral wall of the battery under test; detach the force measuring assembly (34) from the liftable mounting body (33), and install the temperature measuring assembly (35) on the liftable mounting body (33); and position and install the battery under test on the battery tilt adjustment mechanism (32) and directly below the corresponding temperature measuring assembly (35); S22: adjusting the height difference between the temperature measuring component (35) and the battery under test by lifting and lowering the liftable installation body (33) to set the impact distance h; adjusting the installation inclination angle α of the battery under test by the battery inclination adjustment mechanism (32); S23: arranging the measuring assembly (3) in the inner cavity of the pressure tank (1); S24: turning on the data recorder (5) and turning on the heating component (4) to heat the battery under test; S25: After the tested battery has thermal runaway, the heating component (4) is turned off first, and then the data recorder (5) is turned off after a preset time of three; S26: Analyze the temperature data and the damage of the temperature measuring component (35), and evaluate the risk of high temperature shock caused by thermal runaway of the battery and the tolerance capacity of the temperature measuring component (35) by analyzing the temperature data of the temperature measuring component (35) during the thermal runaway process of the tested battery under the conditions of the installation inclination angle α and the impact distance h.

10. A method for assessing thermal runaway jet shock hazards of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S11 also includes: adjusting the height difference between the force measuring assembly (34) and the battery under test by lifting and lowering the liftable mounting body (33) to set the impact distance h.

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