Circuit for quickly switching on and off magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling

Abstract

The invention provides a circuit for magnetic field rapid switching under large current in atom evaporative cooling, and relates to the field related to electronic circuits in the ultra-cold atom preparation process, and the circuit comprises a high-voltage capacitor charging circuit, an LC coil charging circuit, a capacitor manual discharging circuit, a coil discharging circuit and a large current source charging circuit. The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit is used for charging a high-voltage capacitor to a specific voltage; the capacitor manual discharging circuit is used for controlling and releasing residual electric quantity in the high-voltage capacitor through a manual switch; the LC coil charging circuit is used for quickly transmitting energy stored by the high-voltage capacitor to the main coil; the large current source charging circuit is used for charging the main coil through a large current source; and the coil discharge circuit is used for quickly releasing energy in the main coil. Rapid charging of the large coil is achieved by starting the LC coil charging circuit and the large current source charging circuit, and rapid discharging of the large coil is achieved through the coil discharging circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field related to electronic circuits in the process of preparing ultra-cold atoms, and particularly relates to a circuit for rapidly switching a magnetic field under a large current in atomic evaporative cooling. Background Art

[0002] An ultra-cold atom source refers to an atom source that cools atoms to near absolute zero (0 K) or the nano-Kelvin (nK) level through a series of techniques such as laser cooling and evaporative cooling. At such extremely low temperatures, atoms will exhibit significant quantum effects, such as Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) or degenerate Fermi gas (DFG).

[0003] Ultra-cold atom sources can be used in applied research fields such as gravity measurement, and can also be used in basic research fields such as the equivalence principle test based on long-baseline atom interferometers and gravitational wave detection.

[0004] In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of atom interferometers, higher requirements are put forward for the number of atoms that can be prepared by the atom source in the atom interferometer system and the temperature of the atoms. During the process of loading atoms from a magnetic trap into an optical trap, due to the imperfection of experimental parameters, the atoms are easily heated or a large number of atoms are lost. There is an urgent need for a circuit that can realize rapid switching of the magnetic field under a large current. Through this circuit, more atoms with a lower temperature can be effectively prepared. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circuit for rapidly switching a magnetic field under a large current in atomic evaporative cooling in order to solve the problem that the existing magnetic field under a large current cannot be rapidly switched during the preparation of ultra-cold atoms.

[0006] The above object of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions: The circuit includes: a high-voltage capacitor charging circuit, an LC coil charging circuit, a capacitor manual discharge circuit, a coil discharge circuit, and a large current source charging circuit; The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit is used to charge the high-voltage capacitor to a specific voltage; The capacitor manual discharge circuit is used to control the release of the remaining charge in the high-voltage capacitor through a manual switch; The LC coil charging circuit is used to quickly transfer the energy stored in the high-voltage capacitor to the main coil; The large current source charging circuit is used to charge the main coil through a large current source; The coil discharge circuit is used to quickly release the energy in the main coil.

[0007] Optionally, the high-voltage capacitor charging circuit includes: a power supply VCC, a switch SW1, a high-voltage boost board, a diode D1, and a first high-voltage capacitor bank; The first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank includes: capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, and capacitor C5, and capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, and capacitor C5 are connected in parallel; One end of switch SW1 is electrically connected to power supply VCC, and the other end is connected to port 2 of the high-voltage boost board; Port 1 of the high-voltage boost board is electrically connected to power supply VCC; Port 4 of the high-voltage boost board is electrically connected to the anode of diode D1; One end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank is connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the other end is connected to port 3 of the high-voltage boost board.

[0008] Optionally, the capacitor manual discharge circuit includes: switch SW2 and resistor R1; One end of switch SW2 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank; One end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank.

[0009] Optionally, the LC coil charging circuit includes: triode IGBT1, diode D2, main coil, and ground terminal GND; The emitter of triode IGBT1 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the collector is connected to the anode of diode D2; The cathode of diode D2 is connected to one end of the main coil, and the other end of the main coil is connected to ground terminal GND; Ground terminal GND is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank.

[0010] Optionally, the coil discharge circuit includes: diode D4, high-voltage capacitor C6, high-voltage capacitor C7, and resistor R2; The cathode of diode D4 is connected to one end of the main coil; One end of high-voltage capacitor C6, one end of high-voltage capacitor C7, and one end of resistor R2 are all connected to the anode of diode D4; The other end of high-voltage capacitor C6, the other end of high-voltage capacitor C7, and the other end of resistor R2 are all connected to ground terminal GND.

[0011] Optionally, the high-current source charging circuit includes: diode D3, triode IGJBT2, and high-current source VCC; The cathode of diode D3 is connected to one end of the main coil; the other end of the main coil is connected to high-current source VCC The anode of diode D3 is connected to the emitter of triode IGJBT2; the collector of triode IGJBT2 is connected to the high-current source VCC.

[0012] Optionally, the base of triode IGBT1 and the base of triode IGBT2 are connected to an external control module; The external control module controls the on and off of triode IGBT1 and triode IGBT2 by controlling the base voltage.

[0013] Optionally, the switches SW1 and SW2 are relays; The opening and closing of the relay are manually controlled; The model of the relay is SSP1D425BDT; The model of the high-voltage boost board is the +45 - 390V single-output high-voltage power supply module RS545.

[0014] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided in this application are: By controlling the high-voltage boost board, the high-voltage capacitor is charged to a specific voltage, and the insulated gate bipolar transistors IGBT1 and IGBT2 are controlled by a program to simultaneously turn on the LC coil charging circuit and the high-current source charging circuit, realizing the rapid opening of the coil magnetic field under a large current. When the high-current source is turned off, the coil discharge circuit becomes effective, realizing the rapid turn-off of the coil magnetic field under a large current. The implementation method is simple, low-cost, and highly versatile. Description of the Drawings

[0015] The following will further illustrate this application in conjunction with the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 is the circuit schematic diagram in the embodiment of this application. Detailed Embodiments

[0016] For a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this application, the detailed embodiments of this application are now described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0017] The embodiment of this application provides a circuit for a fast magnetic field switch under a large current in atomic evaporation cooling.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is the circuit schematic diagram of a circuit for a fast magnetic field switch under a large current in atomic evaporation cooling in the embodiment of this application, including: a high-voltage capacitor charging circuit, an LC coil charging circuit, a capacitor manual discharge circuit, a coil discharge circuit, and a high-current source charging circuit; The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the LC coil charging circuit; The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the capacitor manual discharge circuit; The LC coil charging circuit is electrically connected to the high-current source charging circuit; The high-current source charging circuit is electrically connected to the coil discharging circuit; The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit is used to charge the high-voltage capacitor to a specific voltage; The capacitor manual discharging circuit is used to control the release of the remaining power in the high-voltage capacitor through a manual switch; The LC coil charging circuit is used to quickly transfer the energy stored in the high-voltage capacitor to the main coil; The high-current source charging circuit is used to charge the main coil through a high-current source; The coil discharging circuit is used to quickly release the energy in the main coil.

[0019] As an embodiment, the high-voltage capacitor and the power resistor are connected in parallel across the main coil. When the high-current source is turned off, the coil discharging circuit becomes effective, and the energy in the main coil is released into the high-voltage capacitor, and the energy is dissipated by releasing the energy to the power resistor through the high-voltage capacitor.

[0020] The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit includes: a power supply VCC, a switch SW1, a high-voltage booster board, a diode D1, and a first high-voltage capacitor bank; The first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank includes: capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5, and capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are connected in parallel; One end of the switch SW1 is electrically connected to the power supply VCC, and the other end is connected to the port 2 of the high-voltage booster board; The port 1 of the high-voltage booster board is electrically connected to the power supply VCC; The port 4 of the high-voltage booster board is electrically connected to the anode of the diode D1; One end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank is connected to the cathode of the diode D1, and the other end is connected to the port 3 of the high-voltage booster board.

[0021] As an embodiment, the voltage booster board is used to charge the high-voltage capacitor to a specific voltage, and the charging process of the high-voltage capacitor is controlled by a relay.

[0022] The capacitor manual discharging circuit includes: a switch SW2 and a resistor R1; One end of the switch SW2 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank; One end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank.

[0023] As an embodiment, the remaining power in the high-voltage capacitor is controlled to be released by the manual switches SW1 and SW2.

[0024] The manual capacitor discharge circuit includes: switch SW2 and resistor R1; One end of switch SW2 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank; One end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor bank.

[0025] As an embodiment, the manual switches SW1 and SW2 are used to control the release of the remaining power in the high-voltage capacitor.

[0026] The coil discharge circuit includes: diode D4, high-voltage capacitor C6, high-voltage capacitor C7, and resistor R2; The cathode of diode D4 is connected to one end of the main coil; One end of high-voltage capacitor C6, one end of high-voltage capacitor C7, and one end of resistor R2 are all connected to the anode of diode D4; The other end of high-voltage capacitor C6, the other end of high-voltage capacitor C7, and the other end of resistor R2 are all connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0027] The high-current source charging circuit includes: diode D3, triode IGJBT2, and high-current source VCC; The cathode of diode D3 is connected to one end of the main coil; the other end of the main coil is connected to high-current source VCC The anode of diode D3 is connected to the emitter of triode IGJBT2; the collector of triode IGJBT2 is connected to high-current source VCC.

[0028] As an embodiment, the turning on and off of triode IGBT2 is used to control whether the high-current source charges the coil.

[0029] The base of triode IGBT1 and the base of triode IGBT2 are connected to an external control module; The external control module controls the on and off of triode IGBT1 and triode IGBT2 by controlling the base voltage.

[0030] Switches SW1 and SW2 are relays; The opening and closing of the relay are controlled manually; The model of the relay is SSP1D425BDT; The model of the high-voltage boost board is the +45-390V single-output high-voltage power supply module RS545.

[0031] As an embodiment, the circuit principle of the present application is as follows: Charge the high-voltage charging capacitor to a specific voltage by turning on the switch SW1; turn on the triode IGBT1 and charge the coil through the high-voltage capacitor; turn on the triode IGBT2 and charge the coil through the large power supply current to achieve the rapid turn-on of the coil magnetic field; disconnect the triode IGBT1 and the triode IGBT2 and achieve the rapid turn-off of the coil magnetic field through the coil discharge circuit.

[0032] As an embodiment, the high-voltage capacitors C1 - C7 (600V, 75uF), resistors R1 (100W, 10kΩ), resistor R2 (2kW, 50Ω), diodes D1, D2 (1200V, 1400A), IGBT1, 2 (1200V, 600A).

[0033] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure still fall within the scope covered by the present disclosure.

[0034] The present application aims to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under high current in atomic evaporative cooling, suitable for ultracold atom preparation process, characterized in that: The circuit includes: a high-voltage capacitor charging circuit, an LC coil charging circuit, a capacitor manual discharge circuit, a coil discharge circuit and a large current source charging circuit; The high voltage capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the LC coil charging circuit; The high voltage capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the capacitor manual discharge circuit; The LC coil charging circuit is electrically connected to the high current source charging circuit; The high current source charging circuit is electrically connected to the coil discharge circuit; The high voltage capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the LC coil charging circuit; The high voltage capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the capacitor manual discharge circuit; The LC coil charging circuit is electrically connected to the high current source charging circuit; The high current source charging circuit is electrically connected to the coil discharge circuit; The high voltage capacitor charging circuit is used to charge the high voltage capacitor to a specific voltage; The manual capacitor discharge circuit is used to control the release of the remaining electricity in the high-voltage capacitor through a manual switch; The LC coil charging circuit is used to quickly transfer the energy stored in the high-voltage capacitor to the main coil; The large current source charging circuit is used to charge the main coil through a large current source; The coil discharge circuit is used to quickly release the energy in the main coil.

2. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage capacitor charging circuit includes: a power supply VCC, a switch SW1, a high-voltage boost board, a diode D1 and a first high-voltage capacitor group; The first parallel high-voltage capacitor group includes: capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4 and capacitor C5, and the capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4 and capacitor C5 are connected in parallel; One end of the switch SW1 is electrically connected to the power source VCC, and the other end is connected to the port 2 of the high voltage boost board; Port 1 of the high voltage boost board is electrically connected to the power source VCC; Port 4 of the high voltage boost board is electrically connected to the anode of diode D1; One end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group is connected to the cathode of the diode D1, and the other end is connected to port 3 of the high-voltage boost board.

3. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The capacitor manual discharge circuit comprises: a switch SW2 and a resistor R1; One end of the switch SW2 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group, and the other end of the switch SW2 is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group; One end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group.

4. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The LC coil charging circuit comprises: a transistor IGBT1, a diode D2, a main coil and a ground terminal GND; The emitter of the transistor IGBT1 is connected to one end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group, and the collector is connected to the anode of the diode D2; The cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the main coil, and the other end of the main coil is connected to the ground terminal GND; The ground terminal GND is connected to the other end of the first parallel high-voltage capacitor group.

5. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The coil discharge circuit includes: a diode D4, a high-voltage capacitor C6, a high-voltage capacitor C7 and a resistor R2; The cathode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the main coil; One end of the high-voltage capacitor C6, one end of the high-voltage capacitor C7 and one end of the resistor R2 are all connected to the anode of the diode D4; The other end of the high-voltage capacitor C6 , the other end of the high-voltage capacitor C7 , and the other end of the resistor R2 are all connected to the ground terminal GND.

6. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The large current source charging circuit includes: a diode D3, a transistor IGJBT2 and a large current source VCC; The cathode of diode D3 is connected to one end of the main coil; the other end of the main coil is connected to the large current source VCC The anode of the diode D3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor IGJBT2; the collector of the transistor IGJBT2 is connected to the large current source VCC.

7. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The base of the transistor IGBT1 and the base of the transistor IGBT2 are connected to an external control module; The external control module controls the on and off of the transistor IGBT1 and the transistor IGBT2 by controlling the base voltage.

8. A circuit for fast switching of magnetic field under large current in atomic evaporative cooling as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The switch SW1 and the switch SW2 are relays; By manually controlling the opening and closing of the relay; The relay model is SSP1D425BDT; The model of the high voltage boost board adopts +45-390V single output high voltage power supply module RS545.

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