Optical fiber link fault monitoring system in all-optical network environment

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, which is applied to the technical field of telecommunication transmission. Sensing optical fibers, steel wire ropes, force measuring pieces and temperature and humidity sensors are synchronously arranged on an underground optical fiber link laying area, and the force measuring pieces and the temperature and humidity sensors are distributed at intervals; the steel wire rope can transmit external force in a laying area to the force measuring piece, so that pressure data changes, the temperature and humidity sensor plays a multi-point monitoring role in the environment in the laying area, and the optical power change of the sensing optical fiber can reflect whether the transmission loss of optical signals is increased or not. Therefore, whether the sensing optical fiber is affected by external force or the environment is judged, the optical power change of the sensing optical fiber, the pressure data of the force measuring piece and the environment monitoring data are integrated, the comprehensive monitoring and analysis process of potential fault factors of the optical fiber link laying area is achieved, and according to the degree of the analysis result, the potential fault factors of the optical fiber link laying area are analyzed. And early warning of different degrees is carried out on an external monitoring terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A fault monitoring system of the present invention, in particular, relates to a fiber optic link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment applied to the field of electric communication transmission technology. Background Art

[0002] An all-optical network means that the network transmission and switching processes are all realized through optical fibers, and the signal is only electro-optically and opto-electrically converted when entering and leaving the network, while the signal always exists in the form of light during the network transmission and switching processes, so the network speed can be greatly improved. An optical fiber is an important carrier of an all-optical network. Therefore, the safety and stability of the fiber optic link are important factors for the normal operation of network communication. However, in the actual application process of the fiber optic link, it will be affected by various factors, resulting in a decline in its performance or even a failure. Common fault factors include, but are not limited to, physical damage to the optical fiber itself, excessive bending of the optical cable, aging of the optical cable, changes in environmental temperature, changes in humidity, etc.

[0003] Common laying methods of fiber optic links include underground laying and overhead laying. For underground fiber optic links, since they are directly buried underground, they are easily affected by the external environment, such as soil humidity and temperature changes. These factors may cause physical damage to the optical fiber, accelerate the aging of the optical fiber, and thus affect the signal transmission quality. At the same time, underground construction and maintenance of underground facilities may also damage the underground fiber optic link. For example, the optical fiber may be accidentally cut by an excavator during operation, or the optical fiber may be squeezed or bent during construction. These external forces will cause link failures. Since underground fiber optic links are not easy to be discovered and maintained, once a problem occurs, it is more difficult to detect and repair, increasing the time and cost of fault handling. Therefore, means for monitoring and warning of these potential faults are extremely important.

[0004] The specification of Chinese Patent CN103312411B discloses a fiber optic link fault detection method and device. For the normal working state of the link, the optical power of the optical module in the local device and the optical power of the optical module in the remote device are obtained respectively as the optical power reference values; when it is detected that the link is abnormal, the optical power of the optical module in the local device and the optical power of the optical module in the remote device are obtained respectively as the optical power fault values; based on the optical power reference values and optical power fault values of the optical modules in the local device and the remote device, the fiber optic link fault occurrence point is detected according to the fault detection rules.

[0005] The specification of Chinese Patent CN108696313B discloses a method for accurately locating optical cable faults, which solves the problems that the existing methods can only obtain the optical fiber length from the measurement point to the fault point and cannot obtain the actual geographical location of the fault point, resulting in problems such as extended maintenance. When a fault in the optical cable is detected, the optical fiber length information of the OTDR from the fault point is obtained; the average value of the distances measured by the OTDR multiple times is calculated and used as the actual distance from the fault point to the measurement point, and the information of the optical cable splice box is stored in the GIS database; a linear reference system for a specific optical cable line is established; relevant landmark points are placed in the established linear reference system; the optical fiber distance from the optical cable fault point to the measurement point is converted into the actual optical cable distance and converted into a point event in the linear reference system, and is displayed on the GIS map.

[0006] As is well known, distributed fiber optic sensing technology simultaneously uses optical fiber as both a sensing sensitive element and a signal transmission medium, and adopts advanced OTDR technology to detect changes in temperature and strain at different positions along the optical fiber, achieving truly distributed measurement. Therefore, by using sensing optical fiber in the optical fiber link, continuous monitoring of the entire link can be realized. However, since the sensing optical fiber is distributed in the same field as the optical fiber link, the sensing optical fiber itself is also prone to faults due to external environment or external forces, resulting in inaccurate measurement results and thus failing to timely detect potential fault risks on the optical fiber link. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that when using distributed fiber optic sensing technology to monitor faults in an optical fiber link, the sensing optical fiber itself is prone to faults due to external environment or external forces, resulting in inaccurate measurement results and thus failing to timely detect potential fault risks on the optical fiber link.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, including a distributed fiber optic detection system and an optical fiber detection component. The optical fiber detection component includes a sensing optical fiber laid in the same area as the optical fiber link, and both ends of the sensing optical fiber are electrically connected to an optical transmitting device A and an optical receiving device B respectively. The distributed fiber optic detection system includes an optical power acquisition module and an early warning module. The optical power acquisition module is used to monitor the input optical power a sent by the optical transmitting device A into the sensing optical fiber and the output optical power b received by the optical receiving device B from the sensing optical fiber.

[0009] The distributed optical fiber detection system further includes an external force detection module. The optical fiber detection component further includes a steel wire rope laid in the same area as the sensing optical fiber and a plurality of force measuring pieces arranged at the outer end of the sensing optical fiber. The force measuring piece includes a positioning sleeve movably sleeved on the outer end of the sensing optical fiber. The outer end of the positioning sleeve is fixedly connected with a bottom plate. The upper end of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a vertical plate. The upper end of the vertical plate is hinged with a box cover. The steel wire rope sequentially passes through the interiors of a plurality of force measuring pieces movably. A plurality of rope winding columns are arranged between the bottom plate and the box cover. The lower end of the rope winding column is fixedly connected with a T-shaped slider. A plurality of T-shaped chutes corresponding to the rope winding columns one by one are opened at the upper end of the bottom plate. The T-shaped slider is slidably connected inside the T-shaped chute. One end of the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected with a compression spring. The end of the compression spring away from the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected with a sliding plate. The sliding plate is also slidably connected inside the T-shaped chute. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped chute close to the sliding plate. The pressure sensor is electrically connected with the external force detection module. In the initial state, adjacent rope winding columns are arranged in a staggered manner. The steel wire rope located inside the box cover sequentially bypasses the surfaces of a plurality of rope winding columns and is distributed in a wavy shape;

[0010] The distributed optical fiber detection system further includes an environmental monitoring module. The optical fiber detection component further includes a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors distributed in the same area as the optical fiber link. The plurality of temperature and humidity sensors and the plurality of force measuring pieces are distributed at intervals. A single temperature and humidity sensor is located in the middle area between adjacent pairs of force measuring pieces.

[0011] An optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, and its monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: When it is monitored that the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber is lower than the preset value M under the condition that the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber remains unchanged, in combination with the change conditions of the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period, the following determinations are made:

[0013] Step 1.1: When any of the following situations exists, a severe early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, there is an obvious change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece, indicating the possibility of external force damage; Second, there is an obvious change in at least one temperature and humidity data, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference;

[0014] Step 1.2: When there are no obvious changes in both the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data, a self-fault early warning of the sensing optical fiber is sent to the external monitoring terminal;

[0015] Step 2: When both the input optical power a and the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber are normal, but any of the following situations exists, a mild early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, there is an obvious change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece; Second, there is an obvious change in at least one temperature and humidity data.

[0016] As a further supplement to the present application, a pair of rope grooves are formed at one end of the box cover close to the bottom plate, the steel wire rope movably penetrates through the interiors of the pair of rope grooves, and an outer plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of the box cover.

[0017] As a further supplement to the present application, the positioning sleeve includes a main semi-ring and a sub-semi-ring that are rotatably connected to each other. The outer end of the main semi-ring is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom plate, and a side plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sub-semi-ring. The side plate, the outer plate, and the bottom plate are connected by bolts.

[0018] As another improvement of the present application, the optical fiber detection component further includes a reference optical fiber laid in the same area as the optical fiber link. The reference optical fiber sequentially movably penetrates through the interiors of multiple force measuring components, and a light transmitting device D and a light receiving device H are electrically connected to the head and tail ends of the reference optical fiber respectively. The optical power acquisition module is further used to monitor the input optical power d transmitted by the light transmitting device D to the reference optical fiber and the output optical power h received by the light receiving device H from the reference optical fiber.

[0019] As a supplementary improvement of the present application, a pair of through grooves are formed at one end of the box cover close to the bottom plate, the reference optical fiber movably penetrates through the interiors of the pair of through grooves. In the initial state, the reference optical fiber located inside the box cover is in a straight state, and the multiple rope winding columns distributed in a staggered manner are respectively located on both sides of the reference optical fiber, and the steel wire rope is located above the reference optical fiber.

[0020] As a supplementary improvement of the present application, an extension plate is fixedly connected to one end of the rope winding column close to the reference optical fiber. In the initial state, the distance between the extension plate and the reference optical fiber is 0 - 1 centimeter.

[0021] An optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, and its monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0022] W1. When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber and the input optical power d of the reference optical fiber remain unchanged, and it is monitored that the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber is lower than the preset value M, in combination with the change of the output optical power h of the reference optical fiber and the change of the pressure data and temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period, the following determinations are made:

[0023] W1.1. When the output optical power h changes significantly, it indicates the possibility of external force damage or serious environmental interference. At this time, a severe early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal;

[0024] W1.2. When the output optical power h is normal, the temperature and humidity data do not change significantly, but there is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring component, indicating the possibility of external force damage. Then, a mild early warning of potential external faults and a self-fault early warning of the sensing optical fiber are sent to the external monitoring terminal;

[0025] W1.3. When the output optical power h is normal, the pressure data does not change significantly, but at least one temperature and humidity data changes significantly, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference, a medium-level early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal.

[0026] W2. When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber and the input optical power d of the reference optical fiber remain unchanged, and it is monitored that the output optical power h of the reference optical fiber is lower than the preset value N, the following determinations are made in combination with the change of the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber and the change of the pressure data and temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period:

[0027] W2.1. When the output optical power b changes significantly, it indicates the possibility of external force damage. At this time, a severe-level early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal.

[0028] W2.2. When the output optical power b is normal, but any of the following situations occurs, a medium-level early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, at least one pressure data on the force measuring element changes significantly, indicating the possibility of external force damage; second, at least one temperature and humidity data changes significantly, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference.

[0029] W3. When the input optical power a and output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber and the input optical power d and output optical power h of the reference optical fiber are all normal, but any of the following situations occurs, a mild-level early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, at least one pressure data on the force measuring element changes significantly; second, at least one temperature and humidity data changes significantly.

[0030] In summary, in this embodiment, by synchronously setting a sensing optical fiber, a steel wire rope, and spaced force measuring elements and temperature and humidity sensors on the underground optical fiber link laying area, the steel wire rope can transmit the external force acting in the laying area to the force measuring element, causing a change in its pressure data. The temperature and humidity sensors play a role in multi-point monitoring of the environment in the laying area. The change in the optical power of the sensing optical fiber can reflect whether the transmission loss of the optical signal increases, so as to judge whether the sensing optical fiber is affected by external force or the environment. By comprehensively considering the three monitoring data of the change in the optical power of the sensing optical fiber, the pressure data of the force measuring element, and the environmental monitoring data, a comprehensive monitoring and analysis process of the potential fault factors in the optical fiber link laying area is realized, and different levels of early warnings are sent to the external monitoring terminal according to the severity of the analysis results. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is the overall system block diagram of the first embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2Partial perspective view of the optical fiber detection component according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 Installation schematic diagram among the sensing optical fiber, wire rope and force measuring piece according to the first embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 4 Installation schematic diagram among the sensing optical fiber, wire rope and force measuring piece according to the first embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 5 Installation schematic diagram of the wire rope on the bottom plate according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 Perspective view of the wire rope in motion according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 Installation schematic diagram among the sensing optical fiber, wire rope and force measuring piece according to the second embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 8 Installation schematic diagram among the sensing optical fiber, wire rope and force measuring piece according to the second embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 9 Perspective view of the wire rope in motion according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure:

[0041] 1 sensing optical fiber, 2 positioning sleeve, 201 main semi-ring, 202 sub-semi-ring, 203 side plate, 3 bottom plate, 301 T-shaped chute, 4 vertical plate, 5 box cover, 501 rope groove, 502 outer plate, 503 through groove, 6 wire rope, 7 rope winding post, 8 compression spring, 9 sliding plate, 10 pressure sensor, 11 reference optical fiber, 12 extension plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The following describes in detail two embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The first embodiment:

[0044] The present invention provides an optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment. Please refer to Figure 1 , including a distributed optical fiber detection system and an optical fiber detection component. Combining Figure 2As shown in the figure, the optical fiber detection component includes a sensing optical fiber 1 laid in the same area as the optical fiber link, and both ends of the sensing optical fiber 1 are electrically connected to an optical transmission device A and an optical receiving device B respectively. The distributed optical fiber detection system includes an optical power acquisition module and an early warning module. The optical power acquisition module is used to monitor the input optical power a sent by the optical transmission device A to the sensing optical fiber 1 and the output optical power b received by the optical receiving device B from the sensing optical fiber 1. The change in the optical power of the sensing optical fiber 1 can reflect whether the transmission loss of the optical signal increases, so as to judge whether there are problems such as optical fiber compression, bending or environmental influence. For example, when the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber 1 remains unchanged while the output optical power b decreases significantly compared with the initial state, it indicates that the transmission loss of the optical signal on the sensing optical fiber 1 increases, and there may be faults such as bending, damage or aging of the sensing optical fiber 1. Therefore, to a certain extent, it can indicate that there are fault factors such as external force action or environmental influence in the laying area of the optical fiber link.

[0045] The distributed optical fiber detection system further includes an external force detection module. Combining Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the optical fiber detection component further includes a steel wire rope 6 laid in the same area as the sensing optical fiber 1 and a plurality of force measuring components arranged at the outer end of the sensing optical fiber 1. The force measuring component includes a positioning sleeve 2 movably sleeved on the outer end of the sensing optical fiber 1. The outer end of the positioning sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 3. The upper end of the bottom plate 3 is fixedly connected with a vertical plate 4. The upper end of the vertical plate 4 is hinged with a box cover 5. The steel wire rope 6 sequentially passes through the interiors of a plurality of force measuring components.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a plurality of rope winding posts 7 are arranged between the bottom plate 3 and the box cover 5. The lower end of the rope winding post 7 is fixedly connected with a T-shaped slider. A plurality of T-shaped chutes 301 corresponding to the rope winding posts 7 one by one are opened on the upper end of the bottom plate 3. The T-shaped slider is slidably connected to the inside of the T-shaped chute 301. One end of the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected with a compression spring 8. The end of the compression spring 8 far from the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected with a sliding plate 9. The sliding plate 9 is also slidably connected to the inside of the T-shaped chute 301. A pressure sensor 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped chute 301 close to the sliding plate 9. The pressure sensor 10 is electrically connected to the external force detection module;

[0047] Such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in the initial state, the adjacent rope winding posts 7 are arranged in a staggered manner and are located at the edge end of the T-shaped chute 301. The steel wire rope 6 located inside the box cover 5 sequentially bypasses the surfaces of a plurality of rope winding posts 7 and is distributed in a wavy shape. The compression spring 8 is in the original length or slightly compressed state. The rope winding posts 7 in the initial state are limited by the compression spring 8. The steel wire rope 6 is set in a wavy state through the staggered distribution of the rope winding posts 7. When the steel wire rope 6 outside the box cover 5 is affected by an external force (such as: external force extrusion, bending, dragging, etc. caused by underground construction), combining Figure 6As shown, an external force will pull the steel wire rope 6 inside the box cover 5 outward. The steel wire rope 6 gradually straightens from a wavy shape. During this process, the steel wire rope 6 transmits the acting force to the rope winding post 7, causing the rope winding post 7 to squeeze the compression spring 8 and move towards the middle area of the T-shaped sliding groove 301. As a result, the pressure of the sliding plate 9 on the pressure sensor 10 increases, and the pressure data of the pressure sensor 10 changes significantly. Therefore, to a certain extent, by the change in the pressure data of the pressure sensor 10, it can be determined whether there is a potential fault factor of external force acting on the optical fiber link laying area.

[0048] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the distributed optical fiber detection system further includes an environmental monitoring module. The optical fiber detection component further includes a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors distributed in the same area as the optical fiber link. The plurality of temperature and humidity sensors are spaced apart from the plurality of force measuring components. A single temperature and humidity sensor is located in the middle area between a pair of adjacent force measuring components. The distributed plurality of temperature and humidity sensors play a role in multi-point monitoring of the environment in the optical fiber link laying area. Combining with the optical power monitoring of the sensing optical fiber 1 and the external force monitoring of the pressure sensor 10, it realizes the comprehensive monitoring and analysis process of the potential fault factors in the optical fiber link laying area, and according to the severity of the analysis results, through the warning module, different levels of warnings are sent to the external monitoring terminal, specifically as follows:

[0049] An optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, and its monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: When it is monitored that the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber 1 is lower than the preset value M under the condition that the input optical power a remains unchanged, combined with the changes in the pressure data and temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period, the following judgments are made:

[0051] Step 1.1: When any of the following situations exists, a severe warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, there is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring component, indicating the possibility of external force damage; Second, there is a significant change in at least one temperature and humidity data, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference;

[0052] When any of the above situations is met, it indicates that there are potential fault factors such as external force damage (such as external force extrusion, bending, dragging, etc. caused by underground construction) or environmental interference (such as temperature rise or humidity rise, etc.) in the optical fiber link laying area. Moreover, this potential fault factor has had a significant impact on the signal transmission of the sensing optical fiber 1, and to a great extent, it will cause damage to the optical fiber link or has already caused damage. Therefore, at this time, a severe warning is required to prompt personnel to quickly explore the optical fiber link laying area and timely maintain the transmission stability of the optical fiber link.

[0053] Step 1.2: When there are no obvious changes in the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data, a warning for the self-fault of the sensing optical fiber 1 is sent to the external monitoring terminal;

[0054] When the situation in Step 1.2 occurs, to a certain extent, it can reflect that there are no obvious external forces or environmental change influencing factors in the area where the optical fiber link is laid. It is very likely that the sensing optical fiber 1 itself has a fault (such as aging), but it may also be due to other equipment reasons (such as faults in the equipment at both ends of the sensing optical fiber 1). Therefore, a warning for the self-fault of the sensing optical fiber 1 is given preferentially.

[0055] Step 2: When the input optical power a and the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber 1 are both normal, but any of the following situations exists, a mild warning for potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, there is an obvious change in the pressure data on at least one force-measuring component; second, there is an obvious change in at least one temperature and humidity data;

[0056] When any of the above situations occurs, it indicates that there may be external damage or environmental interference in the area where the optical fiber link is laid. However, at this time, the influence of both is relatively small and has not affected the optical signal transmission of the sensing optical fiber 1. To effectively control the further expansion of the above influence, a mild warning can be given at this time so that personnel can be informed in time for investigation and intervention.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 4 , a pair of rope grooves 501 are opened at one end of the box cover 5 close to the bottom plate 3. The steel wire rope 6 movably penetrates through the inside of the pair of rope grooves 501. The arrangement of the rope grooves 501 facilitates the installation of the steel wire rope 6 inside the box cover 5. An outer plate 502 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the box cover 5. The positioning sleeve 2 includes a main semi-ring 201 and a sub-semi-ring 202 that are rotatably connected to each other. The outer end of the main semi-ring 201 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom plate 3. The outer end of the sub-semi-ring 202 is fixedly connected to a side plate 203. The side plate 203, the outer plate 502, and the bottom plate 3 are connected by bolts. Combining Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown, after the sensing optical fiber 1 is installed in the main semi-ring 201, the sub-semi-ring 202 is rotated to wrap the sensing optical fiber 1. At this time, the side plate 203 overlaps on the upper end of the bottom plate 3. Then, after the steel wire rope 6 is installed in the box cover 5, the box cover 5 is rotated to cover its outer end, which effectively protects the distribution state of the steel wire rope 6 and the rope winding post 7. At this time, the outer plate 502 overlaps on the upper end of the side plate 203. Finally, bolts sequentially penetrate through the threaded holes on the outer plate 502, the side plate 203, and the bottom plate 3 and are fixed on the ground in the area where the optical fiber link is laid, thereby realizing the installation of the entire force-measuring component in the area where the optical fiber link is laid.

[0058] Supplementary note: The installation distance between adjacent force measuring components and temperature and humidity sensors is specifically set by those skilled in the art according to the actual laying environment. There is no need to maintain a strictly uniform setting between the two. Depending on the different actual environments, a slight difference in the installation distance between adjacent force measuring components and temperature and humidity sensors is allowed. For example, in areas with frequent construction, the installation distance between the two can be appropriately reduced. In areas with large ambient temperature changes, the installation distance between the two can also be appropriately reduced to improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0059] The second implementation mode:

[0060] Based on the first implementation mode, this implementation mode adds a reference optical fiber 11 and its related installation structure, which are specifically as follows: Please refer to Figure 7 , the optical fiber detection component further includes a reference optical fiber 11 laid in the same area as the optical fiber link. The reference optical fiber 11 sequentially passes through the interiors of multiple force measuring components in a movable manner, and the two ends of the reference optical fiber 11 are respectively electrically connected to an optical transmitting device D and an optical receiving device H. The optical power acquisition module is also used to monitor the input optical power d transmitted by the optical transmitting device D to the reference optical fiber 11 and the output optical power h received by the optical receiving device H from the reference optical fiber 11. The reference optical fiber 11 and the sensing optical fiber 1 are of the same type. The change in the optical power of the reference optical fiber 11 can reflect whether the transmission loss of the optical signal increases, and it can also determine whether there are problems and faults such as the optical fiber being pressed, bent, or affected by the environment.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 8 , a pair of through slots 503 are opened at one end of the box cover 5 close to the bottom plate 3. The reference optical fiber 11 passes through the interiors of the pair of through slots 503 in a movable manner. In the initial state, the reference optical fiber 11 located inside the box cover 5 is in a straight state. The multiple rope winding posts 7 distributed in a staggered manner are respectively located on both sides of the reference optical fiber 11. The steel wire rope 6 is located above the reference optical fiber 11. One end of the rope winding post 7 close to the reference optical fiber 11 is fixedly connected to an extension plate 12. In the initial state, the distance between the extension plate 12 and the reference optical fiber 11 is 0 - 1 centimeter.

[0062] Combined with Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, when there is an external force affecting, causing the wire rope 6 in a wavy state inside the box cover 5 to gradually straighten, on the one hand, since the reference optical fiber 11, the wire rope 6, and the sensing optical fiber 1 are arranged in the same area, when the external force acts on the wire rope 6, it is very likely to act on the reference optical fiber 11 and the sensing optical fiber 1 at the same time, and there is a possibility of affecting the signal transmission of both. On the other hand, the movement of the wire rope 6 and the winding post 7 will gradually squeeze the linearly arranged reference optical fiber 11 into a wavy state, and the bending of the reference optical fiber 11 will increase the transmission loss of its optical signal. Therefore, compared with Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the existence of external fault factors can also be judged by the change in the optical power of the reference optical fiber 11. At the same time, combined with the change in the optical power of the sensing optical fiber 1, the external force monitoring function of the pressure sensor 10, and the change in the data of the temperature and humidity sensor, a more accurate monitoring and analysis method for potential fault factors in the optical fiber link laying area is provided, as follows:

[0063] An optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, and its monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0064] W1. When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber 1 and the input optical power d of the reference optical fiber 11 remain unchanged, and it is monitored that the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber 1 is lower than the preset value M, combined with the change in the output optical power h of the reference optical fiber 11 and the change in the pressure data and temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period, the following judgments are made:

[0065] W1.1. When the output optical power h changes significantly, it indicates the possibility of external force damage or serious environmental interference (since both the sensing optical fiber 1 and the reference optical fiber 11 have been affected, indicating a greater degree of severity). At this time, a severe early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal.

[0066] W1.2. When the output optical power h is normal, the temperature and humidity data do not change significantly, but there is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece, indicating the possibility of external force damage. Then, a mild early warning of potential external faults and a self-fault early warning of the sensing optical fiber 1 are sent to the external monitoring terminal;

[0067] When the output optical power h is normal, it indicates that the signal transmission of the reference optical fiber 11 is not affected. The reference optical fiber 11 is set on the force measuring component, which will not only be directly affected by external forces and the environment, but also be affected by the actions of the steel wire rope 6 and the rope winding post 7. Therefore, when there is external force damage, the reference optical fiber 11 is more likely to have a more obvious transmission failure due to the double-channel influence. Therefore, in step W1.2, the fact that the signal transmission of the reference optical fiber 11 is not affected can, to a certain extent, indicate that the severity of the external force damage is relatively small. However, at this time, the signal transmission of the sensing optical fiber 1 is abnormal, indicating that there are aging or other self-faults in the sensing optical fiber 1. Therefore, a mild warning and a self-fault warning for the sensing optical fiber 1 are carried out.

[0068] W1.3. When the output optical power h is normal, the pressure data does not change significantly, but at least one temperature and humidity data changes significantly, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference (since the sensing optical fiber 1 is affected and the reference optical fiber 11 is not affected, indicating that its severity is medium compared to the situations in W1.1 and W1.2). At this time, a medium warning for potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal.

[0069] W2. When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber 1 and the input optical power d of the reference optical fiber 11 remain unchanged, when it is monitored that the output optical power h of the reference optical fiber 11 is lower than the preset value N, combined with the change of the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber 1 and the change of the pressure data and temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period, the following judgments are made:

[0070] W2.1. When the output optical power b changes significantly, it indicates the possibility of external force damage (since both the sensing optical fiber 1 and the reference optical fiber 11 are affected, indicating a greater severity). At this time, a severe warning for potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal.

[0071] W2.2. When the output optical power b is normal (i.e., the sensing optical fiber 1 is normal), but when any of the following situations occurs, a medium warning for potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, at least one pressure data on the force measuring component changes significantly, indicating the possibility of external force damage; second, at least one temperature and humidity data changes significantly, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference.

[0072] When the pressure data changes significantly and causes the reference optical fiber 11 to be affected, it indicates that the degree of this external force damage is greater than that in W1.2 (on the premise that the sensing optical fiber 1 is considered to be a self-fault in W1.2). Therefore, a medium warning is required; when there is environmental interference and it has caused the reference optical fiber 11 to be affected (the sensing optical fiber 1 is normal), this situation is similar to that in W1.3, and a medium warning is carried out.

[0073] W3. When the input optical power a and output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber 1, and the input optical power d and output optical power h of the reference optical fiber 11 are all normal, but any of the following situations exists, a mild early warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal: First, there is an obvious change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring element; second, there is an obvious change in at least one temperature and humidity data.

[0074] In W3, when any of the above situations occurs, it indicates that there may be external force damage or environmental interference in the area where the optical fiber link is laid. However, at this time, the influence of both is relatively small and has not affected the optical signal transmission of the sensing optical fiber 1 and the reference optical fiber 11. To effectively control the further expansion of the above influence, a mild early warning can be given at this time so that personnel can be informed in time and conduct inspections and interventions.

[0075] Supplementary note: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment combines the monitoring data of the reference optical fiber 11 to provide a more accurate comprehensive monitoring and analysis method for potential fault factors in the area where the optical fiber link is laid. However, due to the addition of the reference optical fiber 11, the cost of power facilities is increased. Therefore, those skilled in the art can selectively implement it according to factors such as actual monitoring requirements and the severity of the optical fiber link laying environment. For example, if the optical fiber link laying environment is relatively harsh, with frequent construction or large temperature and humidity changes, etc., in order to improve the monitoring accuracy, this embodiment can be selected for specific settings.

[0076] Combined with the current actual needs, the above embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to this scope. Within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a distributed optical fiber detection system and an optical fiber detection component, wherein the optical fiber detection component comprises a sensing optical fiber (1) laid in the same area as the optical fiber link, and the two ends of the sensing optical fiber (1) are respectively electrically connected to an optical transmitting device A and an optical receiving device B, the distributed optical fiber detection system comprises an optical power acquisition module and an early warning module, the optical power acquisition module is used to monitor the input optical power a sent by the optical transmitting device A to the sensing optical fiber (1) and the output optical power b received by the optical receiving device B from the sensing optical fiber (1), and the early warning module is connected to an external monitoring terminal; The distributed optical fiber detection system also includes an external force detection module, and the optical fiber detection component also includes a steel wire rope (6) laid in the same area as the sensing optical fiber (1) and a plurality of force measuring pieces arranged at the outer end of the sensing optical fiber (1), the force measuring piece including a positioning sleeve (2) movably sleeved on the outer end of the sensing optical fiber (1), the outer end of the positioning sleeve (2) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (3), the upper end of the bottom plate (3) is fixedly connected to a vertical plate (4), the upper end of the vertical plate (4) is hinged to a box cover (5), the steel wire rope (6) movably passes through the interior of the plurality of force measuring pieces in sequence, a plurality of rope winding columns (7) are arranged between the bottom plate (3) and the box cover (5), the lower end of the rope winding column (7) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped slider, and the upper end of the bottom plate (3) is provided with a A plurality of T-shaped slide grooves (301) corresponding to the rope winding columns (7) one by one, the T-shaped slider being slidably connected to the inside of the T-shaped slide groove (301), one end of the T-shaped slide groove being fixedly connected to a compression spring (8), the end of the compression spring (8) away from the T-shaped slide groove being fixedly connected to a slide plate (9), the slide plate (9) being also slidably connected to the inside of the T-shaped slide groove (301), a pressure sensor (10) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped slide groove (301) close to the slide plate (9), the pressure sensor (10) being electrically connected to an external force detection module, the adjacent rope winding columns (7) being staggered in an initial state, the steel wire rope (6) located on the inner side of the box cover (5) sequentially passes around the surfaces of the plurality of rope winding columns (7) and is distributed in a wave shape; The distributed fiber optic detection system also includes an environmental monitoring module, and the fiber optic detection component also includes a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors distributed in the same area as the fiber optic link, and the plurality of temperature and humidity sensors are distributed at intervals with the plurality of force measuring pieces, and a single temperature and humidity sensor is located in the middle area of ​​an adjacent pair of force measuring pieces.

2. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring method includes the following steps: Step 1: When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber (1) remains unchanged and the output optical power b is detected to be lower than the preset value M, the following judgment is made based on the changes in the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period: Step 1.1: When any of the following situations occurs, a severe warning of external potential faults is issued to the external monitoring terminal:

1. There is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece, indicating the possibility of external force damage; 2. There is a significant change in at least one temperature and humidity data, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference; Step 1.2: When there is no significant change in the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data, a fault warning of the sensing optical fiber (1) itself is sent to the external monitoring terminal; Step 2: When the input optical power a and the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber (1) are normal, but any of the following situations exists, a mild warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal:

1. There is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece; 2. There is a significant change in the temperature and humidity data.

3. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of rope grooves (501) are provided at one end of the box cover (5) close to the bottom plate (3), and the steel wire rope (6) movably passes through the inside of the pair of rope grooves (501). The outer end of the box cover (5) is fixedly connected to an outer plate (502).

4. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve (2) comprises a main half ring (201) and a secondary half ring (202) which are rotatably connected to each other, the outer end of the main half ring (201) is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom plate (3), the outer end of the secondary half ring (202) is fixedly connected to the side plate (203), and the side plate (203), the outer plate (502) and the bottom plate (3) are connected by bolts.

5. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber detection assembly also includes a reference optical fiber (11) laid in the same area as the optical fiber link, the reference optical fiber (11) moves through the interior of the multiple force measuring pieces in sequence, and the two ends of the reference optical fiber (11) are electrically connected to an optical transmitting device D and an optical receiving device H respectively, and the optical power acquisition module is also used to monitor the input optical power d sent by the optical transmitting device D to the reference optical fiber (11) and the output optical power h received by the optical receiving device H from the reference optical fiber (11).

6. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pair of through grooves (503) are formed at one end of the box cover (5) close to the bottom plate (3), and the reference optical fiber (11) is movable through the inside of the pair of through grooves (503). In an initial state, the reference optical fiber (11) located inside the box cover (5) is in a straight line state, and the plurality of staggered rope winding columns (7) are respectively located on both sides of the reference optical fiber (11), and the steel wire rope (6) is located on the upper side of the reference optical fiber (11).

7. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: An extension plate (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the rope winding column (7) close to the reference optical fiber (11), and in an initial state, the distance between the extension plate (12) and the reference optical fiber (11) is 0-1 cm.

8. The optical fiber link fault monitoring system in an all-optical network environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring method includes the following steps: W1. When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber (1) and the input optical power d of the reference optical fiber (11) remain unchanged, and the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber (1) is detected to be lower than the preset value M, the following judgment is made in combination with the change of the output optical power h of the reference optical fiber (11) and the change of the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period: W1.

1. When the output optical power h changes significantly, it indicates the possibility of external force damage or severe environmental interference. At this time, a severe warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal; W1.2, when the output optical power h is normal, the temperature and humidity data have not changed significantly, but there is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece, indicating the possibility of external force damage, then a slight warning of potential external faults and a warning of faults of the sensing optical fiber (1) itself are sent to the external monitoring terminal; W1.3, when the output optical power h is normal, the pressure data has not changed significantly, but at least one temperature and humidity data has changed significantly, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference, a moderate warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal; W2. When the input optical power a of the sensing optical fiber (1) and the input optical power d of the reference optical fiber (11) remain unchanged and the output optical power h of the reference optical fiber (11) is detected to be lower than the preset value N, the following judgment is made based on the change of the output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber (1) and the change of the pressure data and the temperature and humidity data in the previous T time period: W2.

1. When the output optical power b changes significantly, it indicates that there is a possibility of external force damage. At this time, a severe warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal; W2.

2. When the output optical power b is normal, but any of the following conditions exists, a moderate warning of potential external faults is issued to the external monitoring terminal:

1. There is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece, indicating the possibility of external force damage; 2. There is a significant change in at least one temperature and humidity data, indicating the possibility of external environmental interference; W3. When the input optical power a and output optical power b of the sensing optical fiber (1) and the input optical power d and output optical power h of the control optical fiber (11) are normal, but any of the following situations exists, a mild warning of potential external faults is sent to the external monitoring terminal:

1. There is a significant change in the pressure data on at least one force measuring piece; 2. There is a significant change in the temperature and humidity data.

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