Vegetable intercropping method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests

Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetable intercropping pest control method, which comprises the following steps: S1, land selection and soil preparation: selecting a proper land to build a steel frame greenhouse, and preparing a seedling raising land; s2, sowing and seedling raising: sowing in the first ten-day period of January by adopting a heat-insulating seedling raising facility, selecting large strong seedlings for field planting after the seedling stage of 100 days and in the first ten-day period of April, and covering with double films in a small arched shed for heat preservation; s3, field management: forming a plurality of skylights on the small arched shed for heat dissipation, watering the eggplants in good time at the same time to ensure normal growth of the eggplants, and removing the small arched shed when the temperature rises to 15-20 DEG C; s4, eggplant harvesting; s5, interplanting caraway; s6, caraway management; and S7, coriander harvesting. According to the method, the eggplants and the coriander are intercropped, the advantage that the eggplants are good in heat resistance is utilized, the eggplants can safely oversummering, fertilizer and water management is enhanced in the period, a fruiting peak period is obtained after autumn begins, and therefore the eggplants can obtain more economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a method for intercropping and interplanting vegetables to prevent and control pests and diseases. Background Technique

[0002] Intercropping and interplanting refers to a planting method in which different types of crops are planted on the same land in different proportions. Intercropping and interplanting utilizes the principle of the spatial structure of the community to make full use of light energy, space, and time resources to increase crop yields.

[0003] There are still some problems in the existing planting methods of eggplants and coriander: The eggplants and coriander are planted separately. Since the growth period of eggplants is relatively long and the occupied land time is long, if only eggplants are planted, not only the land utilization rate is reduced, but also the planting yield is reduced. If only coriander is planted, because coriander is cold-tolerant but not heat-tolerant, it is not easy to plant in hotter seasons and needs shading treatment, increasing the investment. Therefore, we propose a method for intercropping and interplanting vegetables to prevent and control pests and diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for intercropping and interplanting vegetables to prevent and control pests and diseases, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for intercropping and interplanting vegetables to prevent and control pests and diseases, including the following steps: S1. Site selection and land preparation: Select suitable land to build a steel-frame greenhouse and prepare a seedling-raising land; S2. Sowing and seedling raising: Use heat-preserving seedling-raising facilities to sow in early January. After 100 days of seedling stage, in early April, select strong seedlings for planting, and use a small arched shed with double membranes to cover for heat preservation; S3. Field management: Open several skylights on the small arched shed for heat dissipation. At the same time, water the eggplants in a timely manner to ensure the normal growth of the eggplants. When the temperature rises to 15 - 20 °C, remove the small arched shed; S4. Eggplant harvesting: Harvest the mature eggplants in late May and afterwards; S5. Interplanting coriander: Select to sow coriander in the middle of the last ten days of August in the inner ridge, use the eggplants for shading, avoid the sidewalks for picking eggplants, and plant one ridge of coriander at an interval of one ridge; S6. Coriander management: Water and moisturize the planted coriander to promote germination and growth. Since the seed coat of coriander is thick and it is not easy to absorb water, rub it open before sowing to make it germinate and grow on dry land. During the growth process of coriander, adjust the production by supplementing 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide through the leaf surface to enhance the stress resistance of coriander; S7. Coriander harvesting: Harvest the coriander 65 - 70 days after planting coriander.

[0006] Preferably, the specific steps of seedling raising in S1 include: S101. Loosen the soil quality of the seedling land before building the greenhouse, dig ditches and form ridges, and the ridge width is 1 m; S102. Use 40-60% carbendazim, and add 200-280 times water to water the land for sterilization; S103. Dig small ditches with a depth of 5-8 cm and a width of 10-12 cm on the ridge to prepare for planting eggplant seeds.

[0007] Preferably, the carbendazim in S102 comprises raw materials in the following parts by weight: 30-40 parts of cyanamide, 50-60 parts of methyl chloroformate, 50-60 parts of NaOH solution and 120-140 parts of water. The preparation method of the carbendazim is: put the above raw materials into a stainless steel container for ammoniation, condensation, solid-liquid separation and drying to obtain the finished product.

[0008] Preferably, when loosening the soil quality of the seedling land in S101, it also includes: applying 3-6 parts of straw mixture, 8-10 parts of plant ash, 10-15 parts of cow dung, 1-3 parts of chicken dung, 10-15 parts of sheep dung, and 6-8 parts of river mud per hectare of soil quality. After evenly spreading, turn the soil 30-40 cm.

[0009] Preferably, the straw mixture is a mixture of goji berry waste and crop straws, the weight ratio of the goji berry waste to the crop straws is 2:1, and the crop straws include corn straws, wheat straws, soybean straws and rice straws.

[0010] Preferably, during the field management in S3, it also includes doing a good job in preventing and controlling Phytophthora blight, brown spot, Verticillium wilt, yellow-spotted pyralid and tea yellow mite on eggplants.

[0011] Preferably, the prevention and control work specifically includes: using cypermethrin, trichlorfon and chlorpyrifos to water the roots to prevent underground pests during the seedling stage, and using root rot bacteria eliminator, dexon and carbendazim to prevent root rot; using imidacloprid and abamectin to prevent leafminers, aphids and noctuids during the vine-drawing stage and the flowering and pod-setting stage. The main diseases are using carbendazim, chlorothalonil, triadimefon and sulfur suspension to prevent powdery mildew, rust and brown spot.

[0012] Preferably, when building the steel frame greenhouse in S1, it also includes installing a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the greenhouse, and the humidity sensor is used to detect the humidity inside the greenhouse and the soil humidity.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature sensor includes a temperature detection circuit. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the detection point of the greenhouse through the temperature detection circuit, and the temperature conversion formula used in the temperature detection is: RT = (VC * R) / U - R; T = B / (ln(R T / R 25 )) - A - C / T2 - D / T3); Wherein, U is the test voltage; VC is the supply voltage of the temperature detection circuit; R T is the resistance value of the thermistor; R is the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor; R 25 is the resistance value of the thermistor at room temperature of 25 °C; A, B, C, D are constants, T is the detected temperature, and T2 and T3 are both fixed values.

[0014] Preferably, the output end of the humidity sensor is electrically connected to a humidity correction unit, and the humidity correction unit is used to correct the humidity. The specific method of correction includes: Taking the real-time air humidity data detected by the humidity sensor as a reference variable, and taking the height of the intelligent instrument as an influencing factor of the humidity value; Based on the detected air humidity data and the obtained influencing factor, fitting a correction formula for humidity through data, correcting the real-time air humidity data, and then using the corrected data as the benchmark for humidity adjustment of the intelligent instrument to control the air humidity of the intelligent instrument; When collecting humidity data, the humidity sensor sends the real-time humidity B of the location where the intelligent instrument is located, and judges the magnitude of B and the preset value A. If B > A, the formula: C1 = A + 0.016H + (B - A) / 124 is used to correct the humidity data, and finally C1 is output. C1 refers to the corrected humidity output under this judgment condition; Where A is the humidity at the upper part of the intelligent instrument directly collected by the humidity sensor, H is the height of the humidity sensor from the ground. If it is judged that B ≤ A, the formula: C2 = A + 0.015H - (B - A) / 102 is used to correct the humidity data, and finally C2 is output. C2 refers to the corrected humidity output under this judgment condition.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the intercropping and relay cropping of eggplants and coriander, the present invention can improve the land utilization efficiency. Taking advantage of the good heat resistance of eggplants, the eggplants can safely survive the summer. During this period, the management of fertilizer and water is strengthened. After the Beginning of Autumn, there is another peak fruiting period, so that the eggplants can obtain more economic benefits. At the same time, the eggplants can shade the coriander, which can not only avoid the investment in shading equipment, but also provide a good environment for the growth of coriander, thus increasing the yield of coriander. In addition, the intercropping and relay cropping method of eggplants and coriander can achieve the effect of preventing and controlling pests and diseases on the basis of reducing the amount of pesticide spraying, and has the advantages of good economic benefits, safety and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flowchart of site selection and seedling raising of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases in vegetable intercropping and relay cropping, including the following steps: S1. Site selection and land preparation: Select a suitable land to build a steel frame greenhouse and prepare a seedling raising land; S2. Sowing and seedling raising: Use a heat preservation seedling raising facility to sow in early January. After 100 days of seedling stage, in early April, select strong seedlings for planting and cover them with a double-film small arch shed for heat preservation; S3. Field management: Open several skylights on the small arch shed for heat dissipation. At the same time, water the eggplants in a timely manner to ensure the normal growth of the eggplants. When the temperature rises to 15°C, remove the small arch shed; S4. Eggplant harvesting: Harvest the mature eggplants in late May and thereafter; S5. Relay cropping of coriander: Select to sow coriander in the middle of the last ten days of August in the inner ridge, use the eggplants for shading, avoid the sidewalk for harvesting eggplants, and plant one ridge of coriander every other ridge; S6. Coriander management: The planted coriander is watered to keep it moist to promote germination and growth. Since the coriander seeds have thick seed coats and are not easy to absorb water, they are rubbed open before sowing to enable early germination and growth in dry land. During the growth process of coriander, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide are supplemented through the leaves to regulate production and enhance the stress resistance of coriander. S7. Coriander harvesting: The coriander is harvested 65 days after planting.

[0019] In this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of site selection and seedling raising in S1 include: S101. Before setting up the greenhouse, loosen the soil of the seedling land, dig trenches and form ridges, and the ridge width is 1 m. S102. Use 40% carbendazim and add 200 times water to water the land for sterilization. S103. Dig small trenches with a depth of 5 cm and a width of 10 cm on the ridge for planting eggplant seeds.

[0020] In this embodiment, preferably, the carbendazim in S102 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of cyanamide, 50 parts of methyl chloroformate, 50 parts of NaOH solution, and 120 parts of water. The preparation method of the carbendazim is: put the above raw materials into a stainless steel container for ammoniation, condensation, solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the finished product.

[0021] In this embodiment, preferably, when loosening the soil of the seedling land in S101, it also includes: applying 3 parts of straw mixture, 8 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of cow dung, 1 part of chicken dung, 10 parts of sheep dung, and 6 parts of river mud per hectare of soil. After evenly spreading, turn the soil 30 cm.

[0022] In this embodiment, preferably, the straw mixture is a mixture of wolfberry waste and crop straw, and the weight ratio of wolfberry waste to crop straw is 2:1, and the crop straw includes corn straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, and rice straw.

[0023] In this embodiment, preferably, during the field management in S3, it also includes doing a good job in preventing and controlling Phytophthora blight, brown spot, Verticillium wilt, yellow-spotted pyralid, and tea yellow mite on eggplants.

[0024] In this embodiment, preferably, the prevention and control work specifically includes: using cypermethrin, trichlorfon, and chlorpyrifos to pour roots to prevent underground pests during the seedling stage, and using root rot control agent, dexon, and carbendazim to prevent root rot; using imidacloprid and abamectin to prevent leafminers, aphids, and noctuids during the vine-drawing stage and the flowering and pod-setting stage. The main diseases are controlled by carbendazim, chlorothalonil, triadimefon, and sulfur suspension to prevent powdery mildew, rust, and brown spot.

[0025] In this embodiment, preferably, when building the steel-frame greenhouse in S1, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are also installed. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the greenhouse, and the humidity sensor is used to detect the humidity inside the greenhouse and the soil humidity.

[0026] In this embodiment, preferably, the temperature sensor includes a temperature detection circuit. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the detection point in the greenhouse through the temperature detection circuit, and the temperature conversion formula used in the temperature detection is: R T = (VC * R) / U - R; T = B / (ln(R T / R 25 ) - A - C / T2 - D / T3); Wherein, U is the test voltage; VC is the supply voltage of the temperature detection circuit; R T is the resistance value of the thermistor; R is the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistor; R 25 is the resistance value of the thermistor at room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius; A, B, C, and D are constants, T is the detected temperature, and T2 and T3 are both fixed values.

[0027] In this embodiment, preferably, the output end of the humidity sensor is electrically connected to a humidity correction unit. The humidity correction unit is used to correct the humidity, and the specific correction method includes: Taking the real-time air humidity data detected by the humidity sensor as a reference variable, and taking the height of the intelligent instrument as an influencing factor of the humidity value; Based on the detected air humidity data and the obtained influencing factor, fitting a correction formula for humidity through data, correcting the real-time air humidity data, and then using the corrected data as the benchmark for humidity adjustment of the intelligent instrument to control the air humidity of the intelligent instrument; When collecting humidity data, the humidity sensor sends the real-time humidity B at the location of the intelligent instrument, and judges the size of B and the preset value A. If B > A, the formula: C1 = A + 0.016H + (B - A) / 124 is used to correct the humidity data, and finally C1 is output. C1 refers to the corrected humidity output under this judgment condition; Where A is the humidity at the upper part of the intelligent instrument directly collected by the humidity sensor, H is the height of the humidity sensor from the ground. If it is judged that B ≤ A, the formula: C2 = A + 0.015H - (B - A) / 102 is used to correct the humidity data, and finally C2 is output. C2 refers to the corrected humidity output under this judgment condition.

[0028] Embodiment 2 The difference from Example 1 is as follows: A method for preventing and controlling diseases and pests in intercropping of vegetables, comprising the following steps: S1. Site selection and land preparation: Select suitable land to build a steel-frame greenhouse and prepare a seedling-raising plot; S2. Sowing and seedling raising: Use heat-preserving seedling-raising facilities to sow in early January. After 100 days of seedling stage, in early April, select strong seedlings for planting, and use a small arched shed with double membranes to keep warm; S3. Field management: Open several skylights on the small arched shed for heat dissipation. At the same time, water the eggplants in a timely manner to ensure the normal growth of the eggplants. When the temperature rises to 20 °C, remove the small arched shed; S4. Eggplant harvesting: Harvest the mature eggplants in late May and afterwards; S5. Intercropping coriander: Select the end of mid-August in the field, sow coriander, use the eggplants for shading, avoid the sidewalks for harvesting eggplants, and plant one row of coriander every other row; S6. Coriander management: Water and moisturize the planted coriander to promote germination and growth. Since the coriander seeds have thick seed coats and are not easy to absorb water, rub them open before sowing to make them germinate and grow in dry land. During the growth process of coriander, regulate production by supplementing 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide on the leaf surface to enhance the stress resistance of coriander; S7. Coriander harvesting: Harvest the coriander 70 days after planting the coriander.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of site selection and seedling raising in S1 include: S101. Loosen the soil quality of the seedling plot before building the greenhouse, dig ditches and form ridges, and the ridge width is 1 m; S102. Use 60% carbendazim and add 280 times water to water the land for sterilization; S103. Dig small ditches with a depth of 8 cm and a width of 12 cm on the ridge for planting eggplant seeds.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, the carbendazim in S102 comprises the following raw material components by weight: 40 parts of cyanamide, 0 part of methyl chloroformate, 60 parts of NaOH solution and 140 parts of water. The preparation method of the carbendazim is: put the above raw materials into a stainless steel container for ammoniation, condensation, solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the finished product.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, when loosening the soil quality of the seedling plot in S101, it further includes: applying 6 parts of straw mixture, 10 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of cow dung, 3 parts of chicken dung, 15 parts of sheep dung, and 8 parts of river mud per hectare of soil quality. After evenly spreading, turn the soil 40 cm.

[0032] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 lies in: A method for preventing and controlling diseases and pests in intercropping of vegetables, comprising the following steps: S1. Site selection and land preparation: Select suitable land to build a steel-frame greenhouse and prepare a seedling-raising plot; S2. Sowing and seedling raising: Using heat-preserving seedling facilities, sowing is carried out in early January. After 100 days of seedling stage, in early April, select strong seedlings for transplanting, and cover with a double-film small arch shed for heat preservation; S3. Field management: Open several skylights on the small arch shed for heat dissipation. At the same time, water the eggplants in a timely manner to ensure the normal growth of the eggplants. When the temperature rises to 18 °C, remove the small arch shed; S4. Eggplant harvesting: Harvest the mature eggplants in late May and afterwards; S5. Intercropping coriander: Select to sow coriander in the middle of the last ten days of August in the inner ridge of the field, use the eggplants for shading, avoid the sidewalks for harvesting eggplants, and plant one ridge of coriander every other ridge; S6. Coriander management: Water and moisturize the planted coriander to promote germination and growth. Since the coriander seeds have thick seed coats and are not easy to absorb water, rub them open before sowing to make them germinate and grow in dry land. During the growth process of coriander, regulate production by foliar application of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide to enhance the stress resistance of coriander; S7. Coriander harvesting: Harvest the coriander 68 days after planting the coriander.

[0033] In this embodiment, preferably, the specific steps of site selection and seedling raising in S1 include: S101. Loosen the soil quality of the seedling plot before building the greenhouse, dig ditches and form ridges, and the ridge width is 1 m; S102. Use 50% carbendazim and add 260 times water to water the land for sterilization; S103. Dig small ditches with a depth of 6 cm and a width of 11 cm on the ridge to prepare for planting eggplant seeds.

[0034] In this embodiment, preferably, the carbendazim in S102 comprises the following raw material components by weight: 35 parts of cyanamide, 55 parts of methyl chloroformate, 55 parts of NaOH solution and 130 parts of water. The preparation method of the carbendazim is: put the above raw materials into a stainless steel container for ammoniation, condensation, solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the finished product.

[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, when loosening the soil quality of the seedling plot in S101, it further includes: applying 4 parts of straw mixture, 9 parts of plant ash, 12 parts of cow dung, 2 parts of chicken dung, 12 parts of sheep dung, and 7 parts of river mud per hectare of soil quality. After spreading evenly, turn the soil 35 cm.

[0036] The principle and advantages of the present invention: Through the intercropping and relay cropping of eggplants and coriander, the present invention can improve the land use efficiency. By taking advantage of the good heat tolerance of eggplants, the eggplants can safely survive the summer. During this period, the management of fertilizer and water is strengthened. After the Beginning of Autumn, there is another peak fruiting period, so that the eggplants can obtain more economic benefits. At the same time, the eggplants can shade the coriander, which not only avoids the investment in shading equipment, but also provides a good environment for the growth of coriander, thereby increasing the yield of coriander. In addition, the intercropping and relay cropping method of eggplants and coriander can achieve the effect of preventing and controlling pests and diseases on the basis of reducing the amount of pesticide spraying, and has the advantages of good economic benefits, safety and environmental protection.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Site selection and land preparation: Select suitable land to build a steel frame greenhouse and prepare the seedling raising site; S2. Seeding and seedling raising: Using heat-insulating seedling raising facilities, sowing is carried out in early January. After 100 days of seedling period, in early April, large and strong seedlings are selected for planting, and small arch sheds are covered with double film for heat preservation; S3. Field management: Open several skylights on the small arch shed to dissipate heat, and water the eggplants in time to ensure their normal growth. When the temperature rises to 15-20℃, remove the small arch shed; S4. Eggplant harvesting: Harvest mature eggplants in late May or later; S5. Interplanting coriander: Sow coriander in the late bed in mid-August, use eggplants for shade, avoid the sidewalks where eggplants are picked, and plant one bed of coriander every other bed; S6. Coriander management: Water the planted coriander to keep it moist and promote germination and growth. Since the seed coat of coriander is thick and not easy to absorb water, rub it before sowing to make it germinate and grow early. During the growth process of coriander, add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide to the leaves to regulate production and enhance the coriander's resistance to stress; S7. Coriander harvesting: Coriander is harvested 65-70 days after planting.

2. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of selecting a site for seedling cultivation in S1 include: S101. Before setting up the greenhouse, loosen the soil of the seedling field, dig furrows and form ridges, the ridge width of which is 1m; S102. Use 40-60% carbendazim and add 200-280 times water to sterilize the land; S103. Dig small trenches 5-8 cm deep and 10-12 cm wide on the ridges for planting eggplant seeds.

3. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbendazim in S102 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of cyanamide, 50-60 parts of methyl chloroformate, 50-60 parts of NaOH solution and 120-140 parts of water. The preparation method of the carbendazim is: putting the above raw materials into a stainless steel container for ammoniation, condensation, solid-liquid separation, and drying the finished product to obtain the finished product.

4. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of loosening the soil of the nursery field in S101 also includes: adding 3-6 parts of straw mixture, 8-10 parts of wood ash, 10-15 parts of cow dung, 1-3 parts of chicken dung, 10-15 parts of sheep dung, and 6-8 parts of river mud per hectare of soil, and evenly spreading the mixture and then turning the soil 30-40 cm.

5. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 4, characterized in that: The straw mixture is a mixture of wolfberry waste and crop straw, the weight ratio of the wolfberry waste to the crop straw is 2:1, and the crop straw includes corn straw, wheat straw, soybean straw and rice straw.

6. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The field management in S3 also includes preventing and controlling eggplant blight, brown streak disease, Verticillium wilt, yellow moth borer, and tea yellow mite.

7. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 6, characterized in that: The prevention and control work specifically includes: using Biasubel, Trichlorfon, and Lorsban to water the roots during the seedling stage to control underground pests, using root fungus, dichlorvos, and carbendazim to control root rot; using imidacloprid and avermectin during the vine-pulling and flowering and podding stages to control leafminers, aphids, and armyworms; the main diseases are powdery mildew, rust, and brown spot, which can be controlled with carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, triadimefon, and sulfur suspension.

8. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the steel frame greenhouse in S1, the step of installing a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor is also included. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the greenhouse, and the humidity sensor is used to detect the humidity inside the greenhouse and the soil humidity.

9. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature sensor includes a temperature detection circuit. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the detection point of the greenhouse through the temperature detection circuit, and the temperature conversion formula used in the temperature detection is: R T =(VC*R) / UR; T=B / (ln(R T / R 25 )-A-C / T2-D / T3); Among them, U is the test voltage; VC is the power supply voltage of the temperature detection circuit; R T is the resistance value of the thermistor; R is the resistance value of the voltage divider resistor; R 25 is the resistance value of the thermistor at room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius; A, B, C, D are constants, T is the detection temperature, and T2 and T3 are both fixed values.

10. The method for preventing and controlling pests and diseases by intercropping vegetables according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output end of the humidity sensor is electrically connected to a humidity correction unit, and the humidity correction unit is used to correct the humidity. The specific method of the correction includes: The real-time air humidity data detected by the humidity sensor is used as a reference variable, and the height of the intelligent instrument is used as an influencing factor of the humidity value; Based on the detected air humidity data and the acquired influencing factors, a humidity correction formula is fitted through data, the real-time air humidity data is corrected, and then the corrected data is used as a benchmark for humidity adjustment of the intelligent instrument to control the air humidity of the intelligent instrument; When collecting humidity data, the humidity sensor sends the real-time humidity B of the location of the intelligent instrument, and determines the size of B and the preset value A. If B>A, the formula is used: C1=A+0.016H+(BA) / 124 corrects the humidity data and finally outputs C1, which refers to the corrected humidity output under the judgment condition; Where A is the humidity of the upper part of the intelligent instrument directly collected by the humidity sensor, H is the height between the humidity sensor and the ground, if it is judged that B≤A, the formula is used: C2=A+0.015H-(BA) / 102 corrects the humidity data and finally outputs C2, where C2 refers to the corrected humidity output under the judgment condition.

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