Cooperative regulation and control method for accelerating grape ripening and uniformly coloring

Abstract

The invention provides a coordinated regulation and control method for accelerating grape ripening and uniformly coloring, which comprises the following steps of: a) constructing a root domain heating system which comprises a double-layer pipeline network structure and a zoning and sub-control module, connecting a pipeline network with a reservoir by adopting a zoning and sub-control mode, and circularly conveying heating water to a grape root domain through the pipeline network; the pipeline network is arranged in a water inlet-water outlet alternate manner, is connected to the large main pipeline and forms a closed loop with the reservoir; the water temperature is kept constant through reservoir cooling and cold water supplementing; b) applying a temperature-sensitive synergistic plant growth regulator, wherein the regulator comprises 50 to 100 mg / L of abscisic acid, 200 to 300 mg / L of ethephon, 0.05 to 0.1 mg / L of brassinolide, 50 mg / L of methyl jasmonate loaded by nano SiO, and a temperature-sensitive slow-release carrier; c) performing linkage control on heating power and regulator release through a soil temperature sensor, triggering targeted release of the regulator when the root zone temperature is greater than or equal to 28 DEG C, and regulating the water temperature fluctuation to be less than or equal to + / -1 DEG C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dry gas sealing, and in particular to a coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring. Background Art

[0002] Grape fruit ripening and coloring is a complex physiological process involving anthocyanin synthesis, sugar accumulation and hormone regulation. In traditional cultivation, insufficient temperature often leads to delayed color change, unbalanced sugar-acid ratio and uneven coloring, which seriously affects the commodity value. Existing technologies mainly solve this problem through the following ways: Environmental control: Greenhouse heating: Although the glass greenhouse can raise the temperature, the soil has large thermal inertia and the root temperature rises slowly, resulting in the carbon assimilation of the plant and the absorption of the root system being out of sync, and symptoms of calcium and magnesium deficiency are prone to occur during the fruit expansion period.

[0003] Electric heating wire floor heating: The existing technology has publicly proposed that the energy consumption of the resistance heating method is as high as 35-45kW·h / mu, and the temperature gradient is significant (the temperature difference between the surface and 20cm deep is greater than 5℃), making it difficult to achieve precise root zone temperature control.

[0004] Chemical regulation: Single hormone treatment: For example, although spraying ethephon can promote color change, it is easy to cause threshing (shedding rate > 15%) and a decrease in sugar content; while abscisic acid (ABA) needs to be used alone in conjunction with strong light, and its effect is sharply reduced by more than 40% in rainy weather.

[0005] Defects of compound formulations: The existing technology uses a combination of ABA and ethephon, but does not solve the problem of low permeability of the agent at low temperatures, and lacks a synergistic triggering mechanism with temperature factors.

[0006] To this end, we proposed a synergistic regulation method to accelerate grape ripening and uniform coloring. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring comprises the following steps: a) Constructing a root zone heating system: including a double-layer pipeline network structure and a zoned control module, using a zoned control method, connecting the pipeline network with the water reservoir, and circulating the heated water to the grape root zone through the pipeline network; the pipeline network is arranged alternately in water inlet and water outlet, connected to a large main pipeline and forms a closed loop with the water reservoir; the water temperature is maintained at a constant temperature by cooling the water reservoir and replenishing cold water; b) Application of a temperature-sensitive synergistic plant growth regulator: The regulator contains abscisic acid at 50 - 100 mg / L, ethephon at 200 - 300 mg / L, brassinolide at 0.05 - 0.1 mg / L, methyl jasmonate loaded on nano-SiO₂ at 50 mg / L, and a temperature-sensitive slow-release carrier; c) Linkage control of heating power and regulator release through a soil temperature sensor. When the root zone temperature ≥ 28 °C, trigger the targeted release of the regulator, and at the same time adjust the water temperature fluctuation ≤ ±1 °C.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature-sensitive slow-release carrier is a composite hydrogel of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide and chitosan, with a mass ratio of 3:1, a phase transition temperature of 28 - 32 °C, an outer layer coated with an ethyl cellulose membrane with a thickness of 45 to 55 μm, and a calcium stearate pore-forming agent.

[0010] Preferably, the processing technology of the regulator includes: 1) Adopt a two-stage homogenization process to prepare MeJA nano-microcapsules under the cycle of 40 MPa in the first stage and 80 MPa in the second stage; 2) Load abscisic acid, ethephon, and brassinolide on the PNIPAM / chitosan hydrogel, adsorb at 50 °C for 8 hours, and then quickly cool to 4 °C to lock the drugs; 3) Spray the ethyl cellulose coating in three times through a fluidized bed; 4) Freeze-dry and form, so that the water content of the product ≤ 5%, and the porosity is 70 - 75%.

[0011] Preferably, the root zone heating system includes: 1) Double-layer pipe network structure: shallow pipe network and deep pipe network; 2) Zoning control module: Take a 5 m × 5 m as an independent temperature control unit, equipped with a solenoid valve and a circulation pump.

[0012] Preferably, the root zone heating system and the temperature-sensitive synergistic plant growth regulator are synergistically controlled to accelerate grape ripening. The synergistic regulation includes a dynamic strategy for the growth period: 1) Budburst stage: Maintain the root temperature at 18 - 20 °C, and drip-irrigate a 5 mg / L BR solution (20 L / mu); 2) Color change stage: Pulse heat to 25 °C during the day, and simultaneously release CEPA and ABA; 3) Maturity stage: Gradually cool down to 18 °C, and foliar spray a 0.1 μM MeJA solution.

[0013] Preferably, the application of the regulator includes: 1) Soil application: Mix the granulated regulator into the drip irrigation solution; 2) Foliar spraying: Use a drone to spray a suspension containing 50 mg / L ABA and 0.01% nano-zinc; 3) Temperature linkage: When the local temperature difference detected by the soil sensor > 3°C, the release amount of the regulator is automatically increased.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes an emergency regulation mechanism: 1) When the root temperature > 32°C for 30 minutes, start the deep well water cooling circuit (water temperature 12°C) and spray 1 mmol / L salicylic acid; 2) When the root temperature < 10°C, the heating power is increased to 50°C and 0.1 mg / L BR solution is added.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a synergistic regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring, which utilizes the synergistic application of a temperature-sensitive synergistic plant growth regulator and a root zone heating system; through the linkage control of a double-layer root zone heating system (temperature difference ≤ 1°C) and a temperature-sensitive slow-release carrier, precise drug release is triggered at 28°C, shortening the grape color-changing period, increasing the sugar content, and achieving uniform coloring.

[0016] The present invention designs an emergency regulation mechanism around the root zone heating system to cope with abnormal high or low temperatures and timely adjust the temperature control. Specific embodiments

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention provides a synergistic regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring, including the following steps: a) Construct a root zone heating system: including a double-layer pipeline network structure and a zoning control module. Adopt the zoning control method, connect the pipeline network with a reservoir, and circulate and transport the heated water to the grape root zone through the pipeline network; Among them, the double-layer pipe network structure includes a shallow pipeline network (buried depth 15 cm, PE-RT pipe, arranged in a serpentine pattern with a spacing of 40 cm) and a deep pipeline network (buried depth 30 cm, PE-RT pipe, arranged in parallel with a spacing of 60 cm); the pipeline network of each layer is arranged alternately in an inlet-outlet manner, connected to a large main pipeline and forming a closed loop with the reservoir, and the water temperature is maintained at a constant temperature through reservoir cooling and cold water supplement; Among them, the zoning control module: takes 5 m × 5 m as an independent temperature control unit, equipped with a solenoid valve (pressure resistance 1.6 MPa) and a circulation pump (flow rate 0.5 m³ / h).

[0019] b) applying a thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulator: the regulator comprises an active ingredient and a thermosensitive slow-release carrier; Among them, the active ingredients include: Abscisic acid (ABA): 50-100 mg / L, used to induce the expression of sugar metabolism genes and increase the sugar content of fruits; Ethephon (CEPA): 200-300 mg / L, activates anthocyanin synthase and promotes uniform coloring; Brassinolide (BR): 0.05-0.1 mg / L, enhances vascular transport efficiency and optimizes photosynthetic product distribution; Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) microcapsules (nano-SiO2 loading): 50 mg / L, to enhance fruit ripening signal transmission; Among them, the thermosensitive sustained-release carrier is: Thermosensitive sustained-release layer: poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) and chitosan composite hydrogel (mass ratio 3:1), with a phase transition temperature of 28-32°C, and release is triggered when the root zone temperature is ≥28°C; Outer protective film: Ethyl cellulose coating (thickness 50μm), containing calcium stearate as a pore-forming agent to prevent premature loss of active ingredients.

[0020] c) The heating power and regulator release are controlled by linkage through the soil temperature sensor. When the root zone temperature is ≥28℃, the targeted release of the regulator is triggered, and the water temperature fluctuation is adjusted to ≤±1℃.

[0021] d) It also includes emergency control mechanisms: 1) When the root temperature was >32°C for 30 minutes, the deep well water cooling circuit (water temperature 12°C) was started and 1mmol / L salicylic acid was sprayed; 2) When the root temperature is less than 10°C, the heating power is increased to 50°C and 0.1 mg / L BR solution is added.

[0022] It is necessary to further explain that the preparation process of the thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulator of the present invention comprises: 1. Preparation of carrier materials Synthesis of thermosensitive hydrogel: N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomer and chitosan (deacetylation degree ≥ 90%) were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1 and dissolved in deionized water (solid content 15%); crosslinking agent N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA, dosage 0.5% monomer mass) and initiator ammonium persulfate (APS, initiator 1% monomer mass) were added.

[0023] Under nitrogen protection, the mixture was reacted at 60°C for 6 hours to form a transparent gel which was then crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0024] 2. Nanoemulsification and microcapsule preparation 1. Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) Nanomicrocapsules Preparation of oil phase: Dissolve MeJA and Span - 80 emulsifier (mass ratio 1:0.2) in n - hexane to form a 5% oil phase solution.

[0025] Preparation of water phase: Mix nano - SiO2 dispersion (particle size 30nm, concentration 2%) with Tween - 80 (0.5%).

[0026] High - pressure homogenization: Adopt a two - stage homogenization process: the first - stage pressure is 40MPa, the second - stage pressure is 80MPa, and cycle 3 times; control the temperature ≤25°C to prevent MeJA volatilization.

[0027] Solidification and forming: Add 0.1% CaCl2 solution to solidify the microcapsule wall, collect the product by centrifugation (8000rpm, 10min), and vacuum dry (40°C, 6h).

[0028] 2. Loading of Active Ingredients Impregnation and adsorption: Mix ABA, CEPA, and BR in proportion (mass ratio 1:4:0.002) and dissolve them in pH6.0 phosphate buffer solution.

[0029] Immerse the thermosensitive hydrogel particles in the solution, oscillate at 50°C (frequency 200rpm) for 8 hours for adsorption, and control the drug - loading amount at 15 - 18%.

[0030] Quickly cool to 4°C to shrink the hydrogel and lock the drug.

[0031] III. Coating and Granulation Process 1. Preparation of coating solution: Dissolve ethyl cellulose (EC) in ethanol (concentration 8%), and add calcium stearate (0.5%) as a pore - forming agent.

[0032] 2. Coating operation: Place the drug - loaded hydrogel particles in a fluidized bed and spray them in three times: ① Bottom - layer coating (weight gain 5%) ② Functional - layer coating (containing glycine betaine, weight gain 8%) ③ Outer - layer protective film (weight gain 3%) 3. Drying conditions: Fluidized drying at 40°C until the water content ≤3%.

[0033] IV. Freeze - drying Forming and Post - treatment Pre - freezing treatment 1. Spread the coated particles evenly on the freeze - drying tray (thickness ≤2cm), quickly freeze to - 40°C (cooling rate 5°C / min), and maintain for 4 hours.

[0034] 2. Vacuum freeze - drying Cold trap temperature -55℃, vacuum degree 10Pa Sublimation stage: -35℃ for 12 hours Drying: 25℃ for 8 hours The final product has a moisture content of ≤5% and a porosity of 70-75%.

[0035] 3. Surface modification Spray 0.5% polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVPK30) ethanol solution to form a moisture-proof protective layer.

[0036] Hot air drying at 45℃ (30min) can enhance the mechanical strength of the particles.

[0037] The core of the present invention is to utilize the synergistic application of thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulators and root zone heating systems, combined with the thermal effect of the root zone heating system, to design a plant growth regulator with dual regulatory functions. Its core goals are: thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulators promote sugar accumulation and anthocyanin synthesis by exogenously supplementing ABA (abscisic acid) and ethylene precursors with root heating; use thermosensitive carriers (such as poly N-isopropylacrylamide / chitosan complexes) to trigger targeted release in high temperature areas to compensate for the impact of uneven temperature distribution; add brassinolide (BR) and nano-silica-loaded methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to promote the transport of photosynthetic products to fruits.

[0038] The core of the present invention is a method for the coordinated application of a thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulator and a root zone heating system, comprising: 1. Dynamic regulation of the growth period Germination period (root temperature 18-20℃): Regulator application: soil perfusion of 5mg / LBR solution (20L / mu) to activate the ABA signaling pathway and promote germination uniformity 812; Heating strategy: Maintain stable root temperature to avoid temperature fluctuations that inhibit germination.

[0039] Color change period (daytime root temperature 25℃ pulse heating): Regulator application: Granular regulator (200 g / mu) is injected through a drip irrigation system. The thermosensitive carrier releases CEPA and ABA when heated; Synergistic mechanism: High temperature triggers the release of ethephon, and pulse heating accelerates the accumulation of pigments in the peel.

[0040] 2. Precision application technology Soil application: Mix the regulator granules into the drip irrigation fertilizer solution and transport it with the heated water flow (flow rate 0.5L / min) to ensure uniform distribution of the agent; Temperature linkage control: When the soil sensor detects that the local temperature is greater than 28°C, the regulator release system is automatically triggered to compensate for the temperature control blind spot.

[0041] Before the experiment of the present invention, a set of large-scale air energy equipment for industrial use was purchased, and a reservoir was built to add water to the air energy and cool the water in the air energy. The water can be recycled. The water in the heated air energy is transported to the grape fields in the greenhouse through PE-RT pipes of different sizes. The small PE-RT pipes in the soil are first distributed in a deep pipeline network, installed 30 cm from the soil surface, arranged in parallel at an interval of 60 cm, and their functions are to alternate between water inlet and water outlet; then a shallow pipeline network is distributed, installed 15 cm from the soil surface, arranged in a serpentine shape at an interval of 40 cm, and their functions are also to alternate between water inlet and water outlet. The small PE-RT pipes are connected to the large PE-RT pipes, and the large PE-RT pipes are connected to the reservoir. When the water temperature is too high, the hot water is released to cool the water, and at the same time, cold water is added to the air energy to keep the temperature consistent. The collaborative control method of the present invention was applied to the experiment of "Nina Queen" variety grapes, and it was divided into a heating group and a control group.

[0042] Example 1: Verification of the application effect of the collaborative regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring 1. Experimental design and method Test materials: "Nina Queen" variety grapes (5-year-old, greenhouse cultivation, plant spacing 1.5 m × 2 m) Treatment group: Root zone heating system (double-layer pipe network) + temperature-sensitive synergistic regulator (ABA 80 mg / L + CEPA 250 mg / L + BR 0.08 mg / L + MeJA microcapsule 50 mg / L) Control group: Conventional cultivation (natural temperature, no regulator applied) Management conditions: The same water and fertilizer management was adopted for both groups. The root zone temperature of the treatment group was dynamically regulated by sensors (pulse heating at 25 °C during the color change period during the day and 18 °C at night).

[0043] 2. Experimental results The flowering time of both groups was the same on March 23. The fruit cluster uniformity of the grapes in the heating group was better than that of the control group. The fruit diameter and fruit weight of the grapes in the heating group were larger than those of the control group during the young fruit period; when the control group was in the swelling period on May 19, the heating group had already started to turn color, and the fruit diameter and fruit weight of the grapes were higher than those of the control group; when the heating group was completely mature on June 27, the control group was in the color change period. At this time, the fruit diameter and fruit weight of the grapes in the heating group were significantly better than those of the control group. The detailed observation and test data are shown in Table 1: Table 1 It was found through the experiment that The treatment group matured 20 days earlier than the control group (June 27 vs. July 17), and the sugar content increased by 18% (22.5 °Brix vs. 19.1 °Brix).

[0044] The ear coloring uniformity of the treatment group reached 95% (only 65% in the control group), and the anthocyanin content increased by 35%.

[0045] During the experiment, a high temperature of 32 °C occurred once. Cooling with deep well water + spraying with salicylic acid successfully avoided heat damage (the fruit drop rate < 3%).

[0046] Example 2: Comparative experiment on different regulator ratios 1. Experimental grouping Treatment 1: ABA 50 mg / L + CEPA 200 mg / L (low concentration) Treatment 2: ABA 100 mg / L + CEPA 300 mg / L (high concentration) Treatment 3: The ratio in Example 1 (ABA 80 mg / L + CEPA 250 mg / L + BR + MeJA) 2. Result analysis Further experiments on grape cultivation were carried out by adjusting different concentrations of regulators. After observation and detection, the experimental data are shown in Table 2: Ratio Color change rate Brix (°Brix) Fruit cracking rate Treatment 1 (low concentration) Slow (7 days) 20.1 2% Treatment 2 (high concentration) Fast (3 days) 21.8 8%↑ Treatment 3 (optimized) Moderate (5 days) 22.5 1%↓ Table 2 The ratio in Example 1 achieved the best balance between color conversion efficiency and safety.

[0047] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. And the terms "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a) Constructing a root zone heating system: including a double-layer pipeline network structure and a zoned control module, using a zoned control method, connecting the pipeline network with the water reservoir, and circulating the heated water to the grape root zone through the pipeline network; the pipeline network is arranged alternately in water inlet and water outlet, connected to a large main pipeline and forms a closed loop with the water reservoir; the water temperature is maintained at a constant temperature by cooling the water reservoir and replenishing cold water; b) applying a thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulator: the regulator comprises 50-100 mg / L abscisic acid, 200-300 mg / L ethephon, 0.05-0.1 mg / L brassinolide, 50 mg / L methyl jasmonate loaded with nano-SiO2, and a thermosensitive slow-release carrier; c) The heating power and regulator release are controlled by linkage through the soil temperature sensor. When the root zone temperature is ≥28℃, the targeted release of the regulator is triggered, and the water temperature fluctuation is adjusted to ≤±1℃.

2. The coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermosensitive sustained-release carrier is a composite hydrogel of poly N-isopropylacrylamide and chitosan, with a mass ratio of 3:1, a phase transition temperature of 28-32°C, an outer layer coated with an ethyl cellulose film with a thickness of 45 to 55 μm, and a calcium stearate pore-forming agent.

3. The coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing technology of the conditioning agent includes: 1) MeJA nanocapsules were prepared by a two-stage homogenization process with a primary pressure of 40 MPa and a secondary pressure of 80 MPa. 2) Abscisic acid, ethephon, and brassinolide were loaded onto PNIPAM / chitosan hydrogels, adsorbed at 50°C for 8 hours, and then rapidly cooled to 4°C to lock in the drugs; 3) Spraying ethylcellulose coating in three times through a fluidized bed; 4) Freeze-drying to make the product have a water content of ≤5% and a porosity of 70-75%.

4. The coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root zone heating system comprises: 1) Double-layer pipe network structure: shallow pipe network and deep pipe network; 2) Zoned control module: 5m×5m as an independent temperature control unit, equipped with solenoid valve and circulation pump.

5. The coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root zone heating system and the thermosensitive synergistic plant growth regulator cooperate to control and accelerate grape ripening. The synergistic regulation includes dynamic strategies during the growth period: 1) Bud stage: maintain the root temperature at 18-20°C, and drip irrigate with 5mg / LBR solution (20L / mu); 2) Color change period: pulse heating to 25℃ during the day to release CEPA and ABA synchronously; 3) Maturity stage: gradually cool down to 18℃ and spray 0.1μM MeJA solution on the leaves.

6. The coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The administration of the modulator comprises: 1) Soil application: Mix the granulated conditioner into the drip irrigation solution; 2) Foliar spraying: drone sprays a suspension containing 50mg / LABA and 0.01% nano zinc; 3) Temperature linkage: When the soil sensor detects a local temperature difference of >3°C, the regulator release amount is automatically increased.

7. The coordinated regulation method for accelerating grape ripening and uniform coloring according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes emergency control mechanisms: 1) When the root temperature was >32°C for 30 minutes, the deep well water cooling circuit (water temperature 12°C) was started and 1mmol / L salicylic acid was sprayed; 2) When the root temperature is less than 10°C, the heating power is increased to 50°C and 0.1 mg / L BR solution is added.