Experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior of drug

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medicine, and discloses an experimental device for simulating local medicine release behavior of medicine, which comprises a medicine release unit, the medicine release unit comprises a controllable medicine release container and a micropump connected with the controllable medicine release container, the controllable medicine release container is provided with a plurality of compartments, each compartment is used for accommodating different types or doses of medicine, and the micropump is connected with the controllable medicine release container. The drugs are conveyed into the fluid channel according to the preset speed and sequence through the micropump, so that the combined release behavior of the multiple drugs in the human body is simulated; the carrier unit comprises a transparent fixing frame, and a plurality of mounting points are arranged on the fixing frame and used for fixing the drug release unit, the fluid power unit and the detection unit. By accurately simulating the multi-drug combined release behavior, the drug controlled release container and the micropump in the drug release unit can accurately convey different types or doses of drugs into the fluid channel according to the preset speed and sequence, so that the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body is realized, and an effective tool is provided for pharmacokinetic research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical technology, and specifically to an experimental device for simulating the local drug release behavior of drugs. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of pharmaceutical science, the research on drug delivery systems has received increasing attention. Especially for the research on combination drug therapy, how to accurately simulate the release behavior of drugs in the body has become a key topic in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics research. An experimental device for simulating the local drug release in the human body can provide a platform for researchers to control and observe the drug release process, thereby better understanding the mechanism of drug action and optimizing the drug release strategy.

[0003] Existing experimental devices for simulating drug release behavior usually include a drug release unit, a hydrodynamic unit, and a detection unit. These devices can simulate the release process of a single drug in a fluid and control the flow of the fluid through the hydrodynamic unit. However, these devices have certain limitations in simulating the combined release behavior of multiple drugs, mainly reflected in the design of the drug release unit and the complexity of the control system. In addition, existing devices also have deficiencies in automated control and remote monitoring, and the data management and operation convenience during the experimental process need to be improved.

[0004] Existing experimental devices for simulating the local drug release behavior have obvious deficiencies in simulating the combined release behavior of multiple drugs, specifically manifested in the inability to accurately deliver different types or doses of drugs according to a predetermined rate and sequence. This problem limits the in-depth development of pharmacokinetic research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the local drug release behavior, which solves the problem that traditional devices cannot accurately deliver different types or doses of drugs according to a predetermined rate and sequence.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: An experimental device for simulating the local drug release behavior, comprising:

[0007] A drug release unit, the drug release unit includes a controllable drug release container and a micropump connected thereto. The controllable drug release container has a plurality of compartments, each compartment is used to accommodate different types or doses of drugs, and the drugs are delivered to the fluid channel at a predetermined rate and sequence through the micropump to simulate the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body;

[0008] Carrier unit, the carrier unit includes a transparent fixing frame, and a plurality of mounting points are provided on the fixing frame for fixing the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit and the detection unit. The transparent fixing frame allows real-time observation of each unit during the experiment and is connected to a stable base through adjustable support rods to ensure the stability and adjustability of the experimental device;

[0009] Hydrodynamic unit, the hydrodynamic unit includes a variable-speed fluid pump, a fluid reservoir and a set of flexible fluid pipes. The fluid pump is used to extract fluid from the fluid reservoir and transport it through the flexible fluid pipes to the drug release unit and the fluid channel to simulate the environment and conditions of liquid flow in the human body;

[0010] Detection unit, the detection unit includes a plurality of optical and electrochemical sensors. The sensors are installed at different positions of the fluid channel for real-time monitoring of drug concentration, fluid flow rate and electrolyte level in the fluid. The detection unit also includes a data acquisition device for recording and analyzing sensor data to provide detailed data support during the experiment;

[0011] Control unit, the control unit includes a microprocessor, a control panel and a wireless communication module. The microprocessor is used to execute the control program and coordinate the operation of the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit and the detection unit. The control panel is used for user input and display of the device status. The wireless communication module is used for remote monitoring and control of the operation of the experimental device to achieve automatic and intelligent management of the experimental process.

[0012] Preferably, the micropump is an electromagnetic pump or a piezoelectric pump and is connected to the fluid channel inlet through a flexible pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the multiple compartments of the controlled drug release container are independently controlled by a programmable control system. Each compartment can release different drugs at different time points to simulate the process of multi-drug combination therapy. The multiple compartments of the controlled drug release container are independently controlled by a programmable control system. Each compartment can release different drugs at different time points to simulate the process of multi-drug combination therapy.

[0014] Preferably, the variable-speed fluid pump realizes a constant flow rate or a pulsed flow rate of the fluid in the fluid pipe through precise control of the control unit.

[0015] Preferably, the flexible fluid pipe simulates the elastic characteristics of human blood vessels to provide a more realistic hydrodynamic environment.

[0016] Preferably, the optical sensor is used to detect the drug concentration in the fluid, and the electrochemical sensor is used to detect the ion concentration and pH value in the fluid.

[0017] Preferably, the optical sensor includes a fluorescence sensor and an ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy sensor, and the electrochemical sensor includes a potentiometer and an ammeter.

[0018] Preferably, the microprocessor is connected to the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit, and the detection unit through a communication bus to achieve synchronous control of each unit.

[0019] Preferably, the fluid reservoir includes a liquid level sensor, which is used to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir and feed back data to the control unit to achieve precise control of the fluid volume.

[0020] Preferably, the fluid reservoir includes a liquid level sensor, which is used to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir and feed back data to the control unit to achieve precise control of the fluid volume.

[0021] Working principle: The device includes a drug release unit, a carrier unit, a hydrodynamic unit, a detection unit, and a control unit. The drug release unit consists of a controllable drug release container and a micro pump connected thereto. The controllable drug release container has multiple compartments, each compartment for accommodating different types or doses of drugs. Through a programmable control system, each compartment can release different drugs at different time points. The micro pump transports the drugs to the fluid channel at a predetermined rate and sequence through a flexible pipeline to simulate the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body. This design ensures the accuracy and controllability of the drug release process, thus providing reliable experimental conditions for pharmacokinetic research; The carrier unit adopts a transparent fixing frame design. Multiple mounting points are provided on the fixing frame for fixing the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit, and the detection unit. The transparent fixing frame allows real-time observation of each unit during the experiment and is connected to a stable base through adjustable support rods to ensure the stability and adjustability of the experimental device. The purpose of this design is to provide a flexible experimental environment, enabling researchers to adjust the position and angle of each unit at any time according to experimental requirements for better observation and recording of the experimental process; The hydrodynamic unit includes a variable-speed fluid pump, a fluid reservoir, and a set of flexible fluid pipelines. The fluid pump extracts fluid from the fluid reservoir and transports it to the drug release unit and the fluid channel through the flexible fluid pipelines. The rate of the fluid pump is precisely controlled by the control unit to achieve a constant flow rate or pulsed flow rate of the fluid in the fluid pipelines. The flexible fluid pipelines simulate the elastic characteristics of human blood vessels to provide a more realistic hydrodynamic environment, thus ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results; The detection unit is equipped with multiple optical and electrochemical sensors, which are installed at different positions in the fluid channel for real-time monitoring of drug concentration, fluid flow rate, and electrolyte levels in the fluid. The optical sensors include fluorescence sensors and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy sensors for detecting the drug concentration in the fluid; The electrochemical sensors include potentiometers and ammeters for detecting ion concentration and pH value in the fluid. The detection unit also includes a data acquisition device for recording and analyzing sensor data and transmitting the data to the control unit through a communication bus for real-time processing and storage. This multi-parameter monitoring and data acquisition function provides researchers with detailed experimental data support for subsequent analysis and research; The control unit is the core part of the entire device, including a microprocessor, a control panel, and a wireless communication module. The microprocessor is used to execute the control program and coordinate the operation of the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit, and the detection unit. The control panel is used for user input and display of the device status, facilitating operators to set parameters and monitor the experimental process. The wireless communication module supports remote monitoring and management, significantly improving the automation and intelligence level of the experimental process.The control unit also includes a data storage module, which can record and save all data during the experiment, facilitating subsequent analysis and research, and improving the efficiency and reliability of data management. In addition, the device is also equipped with a temperature control unit, including a heater and a temperature sensor. The heater is installed on the fluid pipeline, and the operation of the heater is controlled by a microprocessor to achieve precise regulation of the fluid temperature. The temperature sensor monitors the fluid temperature in real time and feeds the data back to the control unit to ensure the stability of the temperature during the experiment. This is crucial for the accuracy of simulating drug release behavior because temperature changes may affect the release rate and effect of the drug. A liquid level sensor is also provided in the fluid reservoir to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir in real time and feed the data back to the control unit. Through the monitoring of the liquid level sensor, precise control of the fluid volume can be achieved, ensuring continuous supply of the fluid and preventing interruption of the experimental process due to insufficient liquid. This design ensures the continuity and reliability of the experiment. Finally, each unit is integrated into a portable housing, equipped with internal wiring and interface modules, and a portable power supply, making it convenient to carry and use. The system integration design improves the practicality and convenience of the device and is applicable to various experimental scenarios. Through the coordinated operation of each unit, this experimental device can accurately simulate the local drug release behavior in the human body, providing a powerful and convenient experimental platform for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic research.

[0022] The present invention provides an experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. By accurately simulating the combined release behavior of multiple drugs, the controllable drug release container and micro pump in the drug release unit precisely deliver different types or doses of drugs into the fluid channel according to a predetermined rate and sequence, thereby realizing the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body and providing an effective tool for pharmacokinetic research.

[0024] 2. The control unit of the present invention includes a microprocessor, a control panel, and a wireless communication module, realizing the automatic control of the drug release unit, the fluid power unit, and the detection unit, supporting remote monitoring and management, improving the automation and intelligence level of the experimental process, and facilitating experimental operation and data management.

[0025] 3. The fluid power unit of the present invention includes a variable-speed fluid pump and a flexible fluid pipeline, precisely controlling the flow rate and flow pattern of the fluid in the fluid channel, simulating the real environment of liquid flow in the human body, and ensuring the accuracy of experimental results. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is the main framework diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is the flow chart of the carrier unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Flow chart of the detection unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Flow chart of the data acquisition device of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] Please refer to the attached Figures 1-4 , the embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the local drug release behavior of a drug, including:

[0033] A drug release unit, the drug release unit includes a controllable drug release container and a micropump connected thereto. The controllable drug release container has a plurality of compartments, and each compartment is used to accommodate different types or doses of drugs. The drugs are transported to the fluid channel at a predetermined rate and in a predetermined order through the micropump to simulate the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body;

[0034] A carrier unit, the carrier unit includes a transparent fixing frame, and a plurality of mounting points are provided on the fixing frame for fixing the drug release unit, the fluid power unit and the detection unit. The transparent fixing frame allows real-time observation of each unit during the experiment and is connected to a stable base through adjustable support rods to ensure the stability and adjustability of the experimental device;

[0035] A fluid power unit, the fluid power unit includes a variable-speed fluid pump, a fluid reservoir and a set of flexible fluid pipes. The fluid pump is used to extract fluid from the fluid reservoir and transport it to the drug release unit and the fluid channel through the flexible fluid pipes to simulate the environment and conditions of liquid flow in the human body;

[0036] A detection unit, the detection unit includes a plurality of optical and electrochemical sensors. The sensors are installed at different positions of the fluid channel for real-time monitoring of drug concentration, fluid flow rate and electrolyte level in the fluid. The detection unit also includes a data acquisition device for recording and analyzing sensor data to provide detailed data support during the experiment;

[0037] The control unit, which includes a microprocessor, a control panel, and a wireless communication module. The microprocessor is used to execute the control program and coordinate the operation of the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit, and the detection unit. The control panel is used for user input and displaying the device status. The wireless communication module is used for remote monitoring and controlling the operation of the experimental device to achieve the automated and intelligent management of the experimental process.

[0038] In one embodiment, the drug release unit includes a controllable drug release container and a micropump connected thereto. The controllable drug release container is provided with multiple compartments, and each compartment is used to accommodate different types or doses of drugs. The micropump transports the drugs to the fluid channel at a predetermined rate and in a predetermined sequence through a flexible pipe to simulate the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body; Drug loading: Load different types or doses of drugs into each compartment of the controllable drug release container respectively; Programming control: Set the drug release time points and release rates of each compartment through a programmable control system; Micropump drive: According to the set program, the micropump starts and transports the drugs to the fluid channel through the flexible pipe; Combined release: The drugs in multiple compartments are released jointly according to a predetermined sequence and rate to simulate the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body; The carrier unit consists of a transparent fixing frame, and multiple mounting points are provided on the fixing frame for fixing the drug release unit, the hydrodynamic unit, and the detection unit. The transparent fixing frame is connected to a stable base through adjustable support rods.

[0039] The micropump is an electromagnetic pump or a piezoelectric pump and is connected to the fluid channel inlet through a flexible pipe; The multiple compartments of the controllable drug release container are independently controlled by a programmable control system, and each compartment can release different drugs at different time points to simulate the process of multi-drug combination therapy. The multiple compartments of the controllable drug release container are independently controlled by a programmable control system, and each compartment can release different drugs at different time points to simulate the process of multi-drug combination therapy.

[0040] In one embodiment, it is connected to the fluid channel inlet through a flexible pipe. The electromagnetic pump drives the fluid by the magnetic field force generated by the energization of the electromagnetic coil, while the piezoelectric pump realizes the pumping of the fluid through the deformation of the piezoelectric material under the action of an electric field. The use of the flexible pipe ensures the smooth transmission of the fluid and can be bent as needed to adapt to different installation environments; The micropump drives the fluid and transports it to the controllable drug release container through the flexible pipe. Each compartment is precisely controlled by the control system to ensure the release of different drugs at different time points. Such a design principle utilizes the driving ability of the micropump and the precise control ability of the control system to achieve the diversified release of drugs, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of treatment, optimizing the treatment plan, and reducing the risk of side effects and interactions of drugs. The integrated design of the overall system ensures the simplicity and reliability of operation.

[0041] The adjustable-speed fluid pump achieves a constant flow rate or a pulsed flow rate of the fluid in the fluid pipeline through the precise control of the control unit; the flexible fluid pipeline simulates the elastic characteristics of human blood vessels to provide a more realistic hydrodynamic environment; the optical sensor is used to detect the drug concentration in the fluid, and the electrochemical sensor is used to detect the ion concentration and pH value in the fluid.

[0042] In one embodiment, the change in the drug concentration is determined by measuring the absorption or scattering of light at a specific wavelength. The electrochemical sensors are used to detect the ion concentration and pH value in the fluid, and these sensors precisely monitor the chemical properties of the fluid by measuring the change in the electrode potential. The overall system realizes the comprehensive monitoring and adjustment of the hydrodynamic and chemical properties through the precisely controlled adjustable-speed fluid pump, the flexible pipeline with bionic characteristics, and the highly sensitive optical and electrochemical sensors.

[0043] The optical sensors include fluorescence sensors and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy sensors, and the electrochemical sensors include potentiometers and ammeters; the microprocessor is connected to the drug release unit, the fluid power unit, and the detection unit through a communication bus to achieve synchronous control of each unit; the fluid reservoir includes a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir and feedback the data to the control unit to achieve precise control of the fluid volume; the fluid reservoir includes a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir and feedback the data to the control unit to achieve precise control of the fluid volume.

[0044] In one embodiment, the adjustable-speed fluid pump achieves a constant flow rate or a pulsed flow rate of the fluid in the fluid pipeline through the precise control of the control unit. The control unit uses advanced control algorithms and sensor feedback to precisely adjust the operating parameters of the fluid pump, thereby achieving stable fluid delivery or simulating pulsed flow to adapt to different experimental requirements. The flexible fluid pipeline simulates the elastic characteristics of human blood vessels to provide a more realistic hydrodynamic environment. These pipelines are made of highly elastic materials and can deform when the fluid pressure changes, thus more realistically simulating the flow behavior of blood in human blood vessels. The optical sensor is used to detect the drug concentration in the fluid, and the electrochemical sensor is used to detect the ion concentration and pH value in the fluid. This design not only improves the accuracy and reliability of experiments and treatments but also provides test conditions closer to the actual physiological environment, thereby optimizing the effects of drug delivery and biomedical research.

[0045] Comparative Example 1:

[0046] Dialysis bag method:

[0047] Principle: The drug-containing preparation or carrier is placed in a dialysis bag. The dialysis bag has a selectively permeable membrane that allows small molecule drugs to pass through while the large molecule carrier cannot. The dialysis bag is placed in a container filled with a drug release medium, and the drug is released by the concentration gradient inside and outside the dialysis bag.

[0048] Experimental procedure:

[0049] Pretreat the dialysis bag with pure water or the corresponding solution.

[0050] Load the drug carrier into the dialysis bag and seal the bag opening.

[0051] Place the dialysis bag in a container containing the drug release medium and maintain a constant temperature (usually 37°C).

[0052] Take samples at set time points and analyze the drug concentration in the drug release medium.

[0053] Comparative example two:

[0054] Diffusion cell method:

[0055] Principle: The diffusion cell consists of two compartments, upper and lower, separated by a barrier (such as skin, mucosa, artificial membrane, etc.). The drug carrier is placed in the upper compartment and diffuses through the barrier into the lower compartment. The lower compartment contains the receiving liquid, and samples are taken regularly to analyze the drug concentration in the receiving liquid.

[0056] Experimental procedure:

[0057] Prepare the diffusion cell device and calibrate the temperature (usually 37°C).

[0058] Fix the barrier material (such as artificial membrane, animal skin, etc.) in the diffusion cell.

[0059] Add the drug carrier to the upper compartment and the receiving liquid to the lower compartment.

[0060] Start the experiment, regularly take samples of the receiving liquid from the lower compartment and measure the drug concentration.

[0061] Comparative example three:

[0062] Flow cell method:

[0063] Principle: Using a flow cell device, the drug release medium passes through the cell containing the drug carrier at a constant flow rate, simulating the in vivo blood or other body fluid flow environment, and the drug release behavior is evaluated by analyzing the change in drug concentration in the effluent.

[0064] Experimental procedure:

[0065] Load the drug carrier into the flow cell.

[0066] Adjust the medium flow rate and start the experiment.

[0067] Collect the effluent samples at regular intervals and analyze the drug concentration.

[0068] Experiment type Drug concentration Fluid flow rate Electrolyte level Example 1 25.6 (mg / L) 5.0 (mL / min) 135 (mEq / L) Comparative Example 1 22.3 (mg / L) 4.8 (mL / min) 132 (mEq / L) Comparative Example 2 20.8 (mg / L) 5.1 (mL / min) 130 (mEq / L) Comparative Example 3 21.7 (mg / L) 4.9 (mL / min) 133 (mEq / L)

[0069] Table 2

[0070] From the comparison of the experimental results, it can be seen that the experimental device of Example 1 exhibits higher stability and consistency in terms of drug concentration, fluid flow rate, electrolyte level, and pH value. This verifies the effectiveness of the experimental device in simulating the local drug release behavior and shows its potential advantages in drug delivery and biomedical research.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior, characterized in that: include: A drug release unit, the drug release unit comprising a controlled-release drug container and a micropump connected thereto, the controlled-release drug container having a plurality of compartments, each compartment being used to contain drugs of different types or doses, and the drugs are delivered to the fluid channel at a predetermined rate and sequence by the micropump to simulate the combined release behavior of multiple drugs in the human body; A carrier unit, the carrier unit comprising a transparent fixing frame, on which a plurality of mounting points are arranged, for fixing the drug release unit, the fluid power unit and the detection unit, the transparent fixing frame allowing real-time observation of each unit during the experiment, and connected to a stable base through an adjustable support rod to ensure the stability and adjustability of the experimental device; A fluid power unit, the fluid power unit comprising an adjustable speed fluid pump, a fluid reservoir and a set of flexible fluid pipes, the fluid pump being used to extract fluid from the fluid reservoir and deliver it to the drug release unit and the fluid channel through the flexible fluid pipes to simulate the environment and conditions of fluid flow in the human body; A detection unit, the detection unit comprising a plurality of optical and electrochemical sensors, the sensors being mounted at different locations in the fluid channel for real-time monitoring of drug concentration, fluid flow rate and electrolyte levels in the fluid, the detection unit also comprising a data acquisition device for recording and analyzing sensor data to provide detailed data support during the experiment; A control unit, the control unit includes a microprocessor, a control panel and a wireless communication module, the microprocessor is used to execute the control program and coordinate the operation of the drug release unit, the fluid power unit and the detection unit, the control panel is used for user input and display of device status, and the wireless communication module is used to remotely monitor and control the operation of the experimental device to achieve automated and intelligent management of the experimental process.

2. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro pump is an electromagnetic pump or a piezoelectric pump, and is connected to the inlet of the fluid channel through a flexible pipe.

3. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple compartments of the controlled-release drug container are independently controlled by a programmable control system, and each compartment can release different drugs at different time points to simulate the process of multi-drug combination therapy. The multiple compartments of the controlled-release drug container are independently controlled by a programmable control system, and each compartment can release different drugs at different time points to simulate the process of multi-drug combination therapy.

4. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable speed fluid pump realizes a constant flow rate or a pulse flow rate of the fluid in the fluid pipeline through precise control of the control unit.

5. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible fluid conduit simulates the elastic properties of human blood vessels to provide a more realistic fluid dynamics environment.

6. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical sensor is used to detect the drug concentration in the fluid, and the electrochemical sensor is used to detect the ion concentration and pH value in the fluid.

7. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical sensor includes a fluorescence sensor and an ultraviolet-visible spectrum sensor, and the electrochemical sensor includes a potentiometer and an ammeter.

8. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microprocessor is connected with the drug release unit, the fluid power unit and the detection unit through a communication bus to achieve synchronous control of each unit.

9. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid reservoir includes a liquid level sensor, which is used to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir and feed the data back to the control unit to achieve accurate control of the fluid amount.

10. The experimental device for simulating local drug release behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid reservoir includes a liquid level sensor, which is used to monitor the liquid level in the fluid reservoir and feed the data back to the control unit to achieve accurate control of the fluid amount.

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