Seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sea battle wound treatment, in particular to an anti-seawater self-adhesion hemostasis bandage which comprises a hemostasis layer, a waterproof layer, a bonding layer, a temperature adjusting layer, a salt filtering layer and a supporting layer which are sequentially and fixedly connected from inside to outside, sodium alginate gel is contained in the bonding layer, and a plurality of phase-change material capsules are embedded in the temperature adjusting layer; the device further comprises an edge layer, and a plurality of SMA springs are arranged in the edge layer. A plurality of heat conduction pieces are fixedly connected between the edge layer and the temperature adjusting layer, the phase change material capsules are fixedly connected with one ends of the SMA springs through the heat conduction pieces, and the other ends of the SMA springs are fixedly connected into the edge layer. By integrating multiple functions of hemostasis, water resistance, self-adhesion, temperature regulation, salt filtration and the like, especially through the synergistic effect of the SMA spring, the phase change material capsule and the sodium alginate gel, a unique temperature regulation mechanism is formed, a stable fixed environment is provided, and favorable conditions are created for wound healing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of naval battle wound treatment, and particularly to a seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage. Background Art

[0002] In a naval battle environment, wounded soldiers may face complex and changeable battlefield conditions. Especially when the wound is exposed to a seawater environment, the treatment work faces many challenges. The permeability and corrosiveness of seawater may cause traditional bandages to quickly fail, unable to effectively stop bleeding and protect the wound. In addition, the salt, microorganisms, and other impurities in seawater may increase the risk of wound infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bandage that can adapt to the seawater environment and has functions of efficient hemostasis, waterproofing, self-adhesion, and temperature regulation. Such a bandage can not only quickly control bleeding, but also effectively block the penetration of seawater, reduce wound infection, and at the same time maintain the temperature stability of the wound area, providing continuous and reliable treatment guarantee for the wounded.

[0003] Although there are already some hemostatic bandages designed for underwater environments on the market currently, these bandages still have many deficiencies in terms of functionality and adaptability. For example, although some bandages have a certain degree of waterproof performance, their adhesion and stability often drop significantly under long-term seawater immersion, resulting in the bandage being easily detached or ineffective. In addition, most of the existing bandages lack the temperature regulation function and cannot cope with the adverse effects of seawater temperature changes on the wound. More importantly, these bandages often ignore the potential harm of salt to the wound and lack an effective salt filtration mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage. By integrating multiple functions such as hemostasis, waterproofing, self-adhesion, temperature regulation, and salt filtration, especially through the synergistic effect of SMA springs, phase change material capsules, and sodium alginate gel, a unique temperature regulation mechanism is formed and a stable fixing environment is provided, creating favorable conditions for wound healing.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage includes the following layer structures fixedly connected in sequence from the inside to the outside: a hemostatic layer, a waterproof layer, an adhesive layer, a temperature regulation layer, a salt filtration layer, and a support layer. The areas of the hemostatic layer, the waterproof layer, the adhesive layer, the temperature regulation layer, the salt filtration layer, and the support layer are all equal. The adhesive layer contains sodium alginate gel, and several phase change material capsules are embedded in the temperature regulation layer;

[0006] It also includes an edge layer which is arranged around the temperature regulation layer. A number of SMA springs are provided inside the edge layer; a number of heat conduction sheets are fixedly connected between the edge layer and the temperature regulation layer. One ends of the phase change material capsules and the SMA springs are both fixedly connected through the heat conduction sheets, and the other ends of the SMA springs are all fixedly connected inside the edge layer; heat conduction fibers are fixedly connected between the adhesive layer and the temperature regulation layer.

[0007] The technical principle of the above solution is as follows:

[0008] The hemostatic layer promotes wound hemostasis, the waterproof layer blocks the penetration of liquid seawater, the adhesive layer enhances the adhesion of the bandage, the temperature regulation layer maintains the internal temperature of the bandage stable, the salt filtration layer filters the salt and impurities in the seawater, the support layer provides support and anti-impact for the bandage, and the bandage is closely attached to the skin through the fitting of the edge layer.

[0009] Among them, when the bandage is attached to the wound and the user continues to perform underwater tasks, the seawater will continuously soak the bandage. The seawater will first penetrate into the temperature regulation layer. Due to the continuous change of the seawater temperature, the phase change material capsules will automatically adjust the temperature to keep the temperature of the wound area constant. When the seawater penetrates to the adhesive layer, the wetting effect of the seawater activates the sodium alginate gel, enhancing its adhesion. At the same time, an SMA spring structure is designed at the edge of the bandage. When the bandage contacts the seawater, the seawater temperature triggers the SMA spring to contract, generating an inward pulling force to make the bandage more tightly fixed on the wound. In addition, the heat conduction sheet transfers the temperature change of the temperature regulation layer to the SMA spring, triggering the spring to contract. The heat conduction fiber transfers the temperature change of the temperature regulation layer to the adhesive layer, enhancing the adhesion effect of the sodium alginate gel; at the same time, the seawater temperature change triggers the phase change material capsules to adjust the temperature and transfers it to the SMA spring through the heat conduction sheet, causing the spring to contract and generating an inward pulling force to further enhance the fixing effect of the bandage.

[0010] Adopting the above solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. In this solution, by integrating multiple functions such as hemostasis, waterproofing, self-adhesion, temperature regulation, and salt filtration, the multi-layer structure and material design of the bandage enable it to adapt to complex conditions in the seawater environment, such as temperature changes, salt erosion, and mechanical impacts, ensuring stable performance in various underwater tasks.

[0012] 2. In this solution, the phase change material capsules embedded in the temperature regulation layer can automatically absorb or release heat according to the change of seawater temperature, maintain the constant temperature of the wound area, and avoid adverse effects on the wound caused by temperature fluctuations. The sodium alginate gel in the adhesive layer absorbs water and swells under seawater infiltration to form a high-viscosity gel, significantly enhancing the adhesion and ensuring that the bandage firmly adheres to the skin in a humid environment and is not easily detached. The SMA springs designed in the edge layer contract under the change of seawater temperature, generating an inward pulling force, making the edge of the bandage closely adhere to the skin, further enhancing the fixation effect and preventing the bandage from loosening or falling off.

[0013] 3. In this solution, the contraction force of the SMA springs not only enhances the fixation effect but also squeezes the sodium alginate gel in the adhesive layer, causing it to further expand and enhance the adhesion, forming a dual fixation mechanism. By maintaining an appropriate temperature, filtering harmful substances, and providing a stable fixation environment, the bandage creates favorable conditions for wound healing, shortens the healing time, and reduces the risk of complications.

[0014] Furthermore, the hemostatic layer is made of chitosan fibers, porous gelatin sponges, collagen fibers, and zeolite powder. There are several first holes in the hemostatic layer, and the pore diameters of the first holes are all 10 - 50 microns. The surface of the hemostatic layer is coated with thrombin.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Chitosan fibers have natural hemostatic and antibacterial properties, can promote platelet aggregation and blood coagulation, and stop bleeding quickly. Collagen fibers can activate coagulation factors and accelerate the blood coagulation process, further shortening the hemostasis time. Zeolite powder has high adsorption, can quickly absorb the water and cell components in the blood, form a clot, and enhance the hemostatic effect. The high porosity of the porous structure can adsorb a large amount of blood and exudate, keep the wound dry, and reduce the risk of infection. The surface-coated thrombin can directly activate coagulation factors, accelerate the blood coagulation process, and significantly enhance the hemostatic effect, especially suitable for severe bleeding or deep wounds.

[0016] Furthermore, the waterproof layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. A polyurethane film, a graphene-coated film, and a silicone film are fixedly connected in sequence from the inside to the outside above the waterproof layer. The thickness of the waterproof layer is 0.1 - 0.5 mm, and the waterproof layer has a microporous structure with the micropore diameters all being 0.1 - 1 micron.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Polytetrafluoroethylene has excellent waterproof performance and can completely block the penetration of liquid seawater, ensuring that the wound is not soaked by seawater. The polyurethane film has good flexibility and wear resistance, enhancing the durability of the waterproof layer. The graphene-coated film has super mechanical strength and antibacterial properties, which can further improve the protection ability of the waterproof layer. The silicone film provides additional waterproof sealing, and at the same time has softness and conformability, further enhancing the tightness of the waterproof layer and preventing seawater from penetrating through any tiny gaps. The microporous structure in the waterproof layer allows water vapor to pass through, maintaining the breathability of the wound area and avoiding wound deterioration or infection caused by a humid environment.

[0018] Furthermore, the adhesive layer is made of polyvinyl alcohol gel and carboxymethyl cellulose. A number of channels with a diameter of 0.5 - 2 millimeters are provided in the adhesive layer, and the sodium alginate gel is filled in the channels.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The sodium alginate gel has a higher adhesion in a humid environment and is particularly suitable for use in a seawater environment. After contacting seawater, it absorbs water and swells to form a high-viscosity gel, significantly enhancing the adhesion and ensuring that the bandage firmly adheres to the skin in a humid environment and is not easily detached; the polyvinyl alcohol gel and carboxymethyl cellulose provide additional adhesion, further enhancing the adhesion effect, enabling the bandage to closely adhere to the wound. The sodium alginate gel provides the main adhesion force, and the polyvinyl alcohol gel and carboxymethyl cellulose provide auxiliary adhesion forces, forming a dual adhesion mechanism to ensure a more lasting and reliable adhesion effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the phase change material capsules all have a diameter of 1 - 5 millimeters. The outer shells of the phase change material capsules are all made of polyethylene. The phase change material capsules are internally filled with paraffin and fatty acids. The temperature regulation layer is made of a carbon nanotube composite material.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The paraffin and fatty acids filled in the phase change material capsules can undergo a phase change conversion between solid and liquid states at a specific temperature, absorbing or releasing heat, thereby maintaining the stability of the temperature inside the bandage. When the seawater temperature fluctuates, the phase change material capsules automatically adjust the temperature to avoid adverse effects on the wound area due to excessive or too low temperature; the polyethylene outer shell has good chemical stability and mechanical strength, which can protect the phase change material from seawater erosion and ensure that the capsules will not rupture or fail during long-term use; the carbon nanotube composite material as the base material of the temperature regulation layer has extremely high heat conduction efficiency, which can quickly transfer heat to or from the phase change material capsules to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

[0022] Furthermore, the salt filtration layer is made by compounding polyacrylonitrile, sulfonated polystyrene resin, activated carbon fiber, and ceramic filter membrane. The thickness of the salt filtration layer is 0.2 - 0.8 millimeters. A number of second holes are provided in the salt filtration layer, and the pore diameters of the second holes are all 0.01 - 0.1 micrometers. The surface of the salt filtration layer is coated with a hydrophilic coating.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Polyacrylonitrile and ceramic filter membranes have high filtration precision, can remove dissolved salts and suspended particles in seawater, and reduce irritation to wounds; sulfonated polystyrene resin has an ion exchange function and can adsorb salt ions in seawater to further enhance the filtration effect; activated carbon fibers have high adsorption capacity and can remove organic pollutants and odors in seawater to purify the filtered liquid; the pore structure in the salt filtration layer can effectively block salts and tiny impurities in seawater to ensure that the filtered liquid is harmless to wounds; the hydrophilic coating applied on the surface of the salt filtration layer can improve the efficiency of water molecules passing through the filtration layer, while blocking salts and other impurities to ensure a more significant filtration effect. The multi-layer composite structure of the salt filtration layer can adapt to the high salinity and complex components in the seawater environment to ensure stable performance in various underwater tasks.

[0024] Furthermore, the support layer is made of a composite of polyester fiber, nylon fabric, carbon fiber composite material, and aramid fiber. The thickness of the support layer is 0.5 - 1.5 mm. The weaving structure of the support layer is reticular, and a number of mesh holes with a pore diameter of 1 - 3 mm are arranged on the reticular support layer. The surface of the support layer is coated with a first waterproof coating.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Polyester fiber and nylon fabric have high strength and wear resistance, can withstand external force impacts and friction, and ensure the long-term use of the bandage in the seawater environment; carbon fiber composite material and aramid fiber have excellent mechanical strength and tensile properties to further enhance the durability of the support layer; the reticular design of the support layer provides good elasticity, can fit the skin curve, and avoid causing compression or discomfort to the wound; the first waterproof coating applied on the surface of the support layer can effectively block seawater penetration, ensure the waterproof performance of the bandage in the seawater environment, and maintain internal breathability at the same time.

[0026] Furthermore, the SMA springs are all made of a composite of nickel-titanium alloy, thermoplastic polyurethane, and stainless steel wire. The diameter of the SMA springs is 0.5 - 2 mm, and the surface of the SMA springs is coated with a second waterproof coating.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Nickel-titanium alloy has excellent shape memory effect and superelasticity, enabling the SMA springs to quickly return to their original shape after being subjected to external forces (such as thermal expansion and contraction caused by changes in seawater temperature), ensuring that the bandage can maintain a stable tightness and fit in different underwater environments; the addition of thermoplastic polyurethane enhances the elasticity and wear resistance of the springs, making the bandage not easy to loosen or fall off during long-term use; the application of the second waterproof coating significantly improves the waterproof performance of the SMA springs, ensuring that the springs can remain dry for a long time in the underwater environment, preventing seawater corrosion, and thus extending the service life of the bandage.

[0028] Furthermore, the heat conduction sheets are all made of a composite of copper and aluminum, with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 millimeters, and the surfaces of the heat conduction sheets are all coated with a third waterproof coating; the heat conduction fibers are all made of carbon fibers.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The composite material of copper and aluminum can significantly improve the heat conduction performance of the heat conduction sheet. This means that when the bandage comes into contact with the skin, it can effectively conduct the heat generated by the wound quickly, helping to reduce inflammation and swelling and accelerating wound healing. The thickness of the heat conduction sheet is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 0.3 millimeters, ensuring uniform distribution and conduction of heat. This helps to avoid local overheating or overcooling, thereby improving the comfort and treatment effect of the bandage. The good heat conductivity of the heat conduction sheet and the lightweight and high-strength characteristics of the carbon fiber make the bandage fit more closely to the skin and not easily fall off. This helps to keep the wound clean and dry and promotes healing.

[0030] Furthermore, the stacked thickness of the hemostatic layer, waterproof layer, adhesive layer, temperature adjustment layer, salt filtration layer, and support layer is 2 to 5 millimeters.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The stacked thickness of the six-layer structure of the bandage is 2 to 5 millimeters, and the overall thickness is relatively thin, achieving the function of being light and portable, without bringing too much burden or discomfort to the user. The thin bandage is easier to fit closely to the skin, reducing the entry of air and moisture, thereby improving the hemostatic and protective effects.

[0032] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is an isometric exploded view of an embodiment of the seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a top-down sectional view of the edge layer and the temperature adjustment layer of an embodiment of the seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a front sectional view of the temperature adjustment layer and the adhesive layer of an embodiment of the seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage of the present invention.

[0036] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: 1, hemostatic layer; 2, waterproof layer; 3, adhesive layer; 4, temperature adjustment layer; 5, salt filtration layer; 6, support layer; 7, edge layer; 8, SMA spring; 9, heat conduction sheet; 10, phase change material capsule; 11, heat conduction fiber. Detailed Embodiments

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0040] The following will be further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0041] Embodiment:

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 : A seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage includes the following layer structures fixedly connected in sequence from the inside to the outside: a hemostatic layer 1, a waterproof layer 2, an adhesive layer 3, a temperature adjustment layer 4, a salt filtration layer 5, and a support layer 6. The areas of the hemostatic layer 1, the waterproof layer 2, the adhesive layer 3, the temperature adjustment layer 4, the salt filtration layer 5, and the support layer 6 are all equal, and the superimposed thickness of the hemostatic layer 1, the waterproof layer 2, the adhesive layer 3, the temperature adjustment layer 4, the salt filtration layer 5, and the support layer 6 is 2 to 5 millimeters.

[0043] The hemostatic layer 1 is made of chitosan fiber, porous gelatin sponge, collagen fiber, and zeolite powder. A number of first holes are provided in the hemostatic layer 1, and the pore diameters of the first holes are all 10 to 50 micrometers. Thrombin is coated on the surface of the hemostatic layer 1.

[0044] The adhesive layer 3 contains sodium alginate gel. The adhesive layer 3 is made of polyvinyl alcohol gel and carboxymethyl cellulose. A number of channels with a diameter of 0.5 - 2 mm are provided in the adhesive layer 3, and the sodium alginate gel is filled in the channels.

[0045] A number of phase change material capsules 10 are embedded in the temperature regulation layer 4. The phase change material capsules 10 have a diameter of 1 - 5 mm. The outer shells of the phase change material capsules 10 are all made of polyethylene. Paraffin and fatty acid are filled inside the phase change material capsules 10. The temperature regulation layer 4 is made of carbon nanotube composite material.

[0046] The salt filtration layer 5 is made by compounding polyacrylonitrile, sulfonated polystyrene resin, activated carbon fiber and ceramic filter membrane. The thickness of the salt filtration layer 5 is 0.2 - 0.8 mm. A number of second holes are provided in the salt filtration layer 5, and the pore diameters of the second holes are all 0.01 - 0.1 μm. A hydrophilic coating is coated on the surface of the salt filtration layer 5.

[0047] The support layer 6 is made by compounding polyester fiber, nylon fabric, carbon fiber composite material and aramid fiber. The thickness of the support layer 6 is 0.5 - 1.5 mm. The weaving structure of the support layer 6 is net-shaped, and a number of mesh holes are arranged on the net-shaped support layer 6. The pore diameters of the mesh holes are all 1 - 3 mm. A first waterproof coating is coated on the surface of the support layer 6.

[0048] It further includes an edge layer 7. The edge layer 7 is arranged around the temperature regulation layer 4. A number of SMA springs 8 are provided in the edge layer 7. The SMA springs 8 are all made by compounding nickel-titanium alloy, thermoplastic polyurethane and stainless steel wire. The diameter of the SMA springs 8 is 0.5 - 2 mm. A second waterproof coating is coated on the surface of the SMA springs 8; A number of heat conduction sheets 9 are fixedly connected between the edge layer 7 and the temperature regulation layer 4. The heat conduction sheets 9 are all made by compounding copper and aluminum. The thickness of the heat conduction sheets 9 is 0.1 - 0.3 mm. A third waterproof coating is coated on the surface of the heat conduction sheets 9. One end of the phase change material capsule 10 and the SMA spring 8 are fixedly connected through the heat conduction sheet 9, and the other end of the SMA spring 8 is fixedly connected inside the edge layer 7; A heat conduction fiber 11 is fixedly connected between the adhesive layer 3 and the temperature regulation layer 4. The heat conduction fibers 11 are all made of carbon fiber.

[0049] The specific implementation process is as follows: directly attach the hemostatic layer 1 of the bandage used in this solution to the wound, ensuring complete coverage of the wound area. Through the self-adhesive function of the adhesive layer 3, the bandage is firmly attached to the skin, and the edge layer 7 isolates the wound from the external environment. During the process of seawater gradually infiltrating from the support layer 6 of the bandage to the inside, the support layer 6 provides mechanical support and impact resistance, ensuring that the bandage is not easily damaged during intense activities. At the same time, the salt filtration layer 5 can filter the salt and impurities in seawater, reduce the irritation to the wound, and lower the risk of infection. The waterproof layer 2 can completely block the penetration of seawater into the adhesive layer 3 and the temperature adjustment layer 4, while maintaining breathability, ensuring that the bandage does not fail under seawater immersion. The hemostatic layer 1 provides the function of rapid hemostasis and promoting wound healing.

[0050] In a naval battle environment, since traditional bandages are prone to falling off after being soaked in seawater, especially in a humid environment, the adhesion effect is poor and it is easy to fall off, unable to effectively stop bleeding and fix the wound. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the bandage comes into contact with seawater, the seawater penetrates through the microporous structure of the waterproof layer 2 to the adhesive layer 3. The seawater infiltrates the sodium alginate gel in the adhesive layer 3. Since the sodium alginate molecule contains a large number of hydroxyl groups (-OH) and carboxyl groups (-COOH), it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, showing extremely strong hydrophilicity. The hydrophilicity of sodium alginate enables it to quickly absorb the water in seawater, expand in volume, and form a high-viscosity gel. The expanded gel can fill the tiny unevenness on the wound surface, increasing the contact area with the skin, thereby enhancing the adhesion effect. At the same time, calcium ions (Ca2+) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) in seawater react with the carboxyl groups (-COOH) in sodium alginate to form a stable three-dimensional network structure. This cross-linked structure significantly improves the mechanical strength of the gel, enabling it to resist the pulling and friction of external forces, significantly enhancing the adhesion degree. The sodium alginate gel after absorbing water has extremely high viscosity, can firmly adhere to the skin surface, and is not easily detached even in a humid environment. The high viscosity of the gel can also effectively seal the wound, preventing seawater and pollutants from entering.

[0051] Moreover, due to the large variation in seawater temperature, traditional bandages cannot maintain an appropriate temperature in the wound area, which affects healing. When the seawater temperature change is transmitted to the temperature regulation layer 4 through the heat-conducting fiber 11, the paraffin and fatty acid filled inside the phase change material capsule 10 can undergo a phase change conversion between solid and liquid states at a specific temperature, absorbing or releasing heat. When the ambient temperature rises, the phase change material capsule 10 changes from solid to liquid, and the paraffin melts when the temperature rises, absorbing heat to prevent the temperature in the wound area from being too high and reducing the surrounding temperature. When the ambient temperature drops, the phase change material capsule 10 changes from liquid to solid, and the paraffin solidifies when the temperature drops, releasing heat to prevent the temperature in the wound area from being too low, releasing heat and increasing the surrounding temperature, thereby maintaining the stability of the temperature inside the bandage. Therefore, when the seawater temperature fluctuates, the phase change material capsule 10 maintains the temperature in the wound area within an appropriate range (usually 25 - 35 °C) by absorbing or releasing heat, promoting wound healing. An appropriate temperature environment promotes wound healing, avoids adverse effects on the wound area due to too high or too low temperature, and maintains the temperature stability of the wound area.

[0052] Furthermore, since both ends of the heat conduction sheet 9 are fixedly connected to the SMA spring 8 and the temperature regulation layer 4 respectively, when the seawater temperature rises, the phase change material capsule 10 absorbs heat, the temperature of the temperature regulation layer 4 rises, and is transmitted to the SMA spring 8 through the heat conduction sheet 9, triggering the SMA spring 8 to contract and generate an inward pulling force, enhancing the fixing effect of the bandage. When the seawater temperature drops, the phase change material capsule 10 releases heat, the temperature of the temperature regulation layer 4 drops, and is transmitted to the SMA spring 8 through the heat conduction sheet 9, triggering the SMA spring 8 to contract and generate an inward pulling force, further enhancing the fixing effect of the bandage. Therefore, both temperature increase and decrease can make the edge of the bandage closely fit the skin. The contraction force of the SMA spring 8 further squeezes the sodium alginate gel of the adhesive layer 3, enhancing the adhesion effect. The enhanced adhesion effect of the adhesive layer 3 and the fixing force of the SMA spring 8 form a dual fixing mechanism to ensure that the bandage is firmly fixed in the seawater environment.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or alterations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or alterations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following layer structures which are fixedly connected in sequence from the inside to the outside: a hemostatic layer (1), a waterproof layer (2), an adhesive layer (3), a temperature regulating layer (4), a salt filtering layer (5) and a supporting layer (6); the areas of the hemostatic layer (1), the waterproof layer (2), the adhesive layer (3), the temperature regulating layer (4), the salt filtering layer (5) and the supporting layer (6) are all equal; the adhesive layer (3) contains sodium alginate gel; and the temperature regulating layer (4) is embedded with a plurality of phase change material capsules (10); The invention also comprises an edge layer (7), the edge layer (7) being arranged around the temperature regulating layer (4), and a plurality of SMA springs (8) being arranged in the edge layer (7); a plurality of heat conduction sheets (9) being fixedly connected between the edge layer (7) and the temperature regulating layer (4); a phase change material capsule (10) being fixedly connected to one end of the SMA spring (8) via the heat conduction sheet (9), and the other end of the SMA spring (8) being fixedly connected in the edge layer (7); and a heat conduction fiber (11) being fixedly connected between the adhesive layer (3) and the temperature regulating layer (4).

2. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hemostatic layer (1) is made of chitosan fibers, porous gelatin sponge, collagen fibers and zeolite powder. A plurality of first holes are arranged in the hemostatic layer (1). The pore diameter of the first holes is 10 to 50 microns. Thrombin is coated on the surface of the hemostatic layer (1).

3. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof layer (2) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and a polyurethane film, a graphene coating film and a silicone film are fixedly connected in sequence from the inside to the outside of the waterproof layer (2). The waterproof layer (2) has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and has a microporous structure inside the waterproof layer (2), and the microporous pore diameters are all 0.1 to 1 micron.

4. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adhesive layer (3) is made of polyvinyl alcohol gel and carboxymethyl cellulose. A plurality of channels with a diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm are arranged in the adhesive layer (3), and the channels are filled with sodium alginate gel.

5. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the phase change material capsules (10) is 1 to 5 mm, the shells of the phase change material capsules (10) are made of polyethylene, the interior of the phase change material capsules (10) is filled with paraffin and fatty acid, and the temperature regulating layer (4) is made of a carbon nanotube composite material.

6. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The salt filter layer (5) is made of a composite of polyacrylonitrile, sulfonated polystyrene resin, activated carbon fiber and ceramic filter membrane. The thickness of the salt filter layer (5) is 0.2-0.8 mm. A plurality of second holes are arranged in the salt filter layer (5). The pore diameter of the second holes is 0.01-0.1 μm. The surface of the salt filter layer (5) is coated with a hydrophilic coating.

7. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support layer (6) is made of polyester fiber, nylon fabric, carbon fiber composite material and aramid fiber. The thickness of the support layer (6) is 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The woven structure of the support layer (6) is in a mesh shape. A plurality of mesh holes are arranged on the mesh support layer (6). The mesh hole diameters are all 1 to 3 mm. The surface of the support layer (6) is coated with a first waterproof coating.

8. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The SMA springs (8) are all made of a composite of nickel-titanium alloy, thermoplastic polyurethane and stainless steel wire, the diameter of the SMA springs (8) is 0.5 to 2 mm, and the surface of the SMA springs (8) is coated with a second waterproof coating.

9. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat conduction sheets (9) are all made of a composite of copper and aluminum, the thickness of the heat conduction sheets (9) is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the surface of the heat conduction sheets (9) is coated with a third waterproof coating; the heat conduction fibers (11) are all made of carbon fibers.

10. The seawater-proof self-adhesive hemostatic bandage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The stacked thickness of the hemostatic layer (1), the waterproof layer (2), the adhesive layer (3), the temperature regulating layer (4), the salt filtering layer (5) and the supporting layer (6) is 2 to 5 millimeters.

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