A kind of inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of surgical forceps, and specifically to an inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery. The present invention comprises a forceps body and a tubular body, wherein a pull rod is provided within the tubular body; a first support seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tubular body, a transmission gear disc is rotatably connected to the first support seat, a hollow telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission gear disc, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the forceps body, and the pull rod is used to pass through the telescopic rod and drive the forceps body to clamp by pulling; a second support seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tubular body, the middle section of the pull rod is a serrated flexible strip structure, and the second support seat is provided with a lock hole and a first lock tooth for one-way engagement with the serrated flexible strip structure; a ratchet bar is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tubular body, the pull rod is provided with a second lock tooth for one-way engagement with the ratchet bar, and a driving member is provided on the end of the ratchet bar near the transmission gear disc. The technical solution of the present invention can control the clamping of the forceps body by pulling out the pull rod, and control the rotation of the forceps body by withdrawing the pull rod, thereby optimizing hand operation and improving control performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of surgical forceps, in particular to a pair of inferior vena cava root blood vessel dissection and separation forceps used in liver surgery. Background Art

[0002] Liver surgery often requires the separation and ligation of one or two hepatic veins to cut off blood flow out of the liver in that area. Currently, there are no dedicated separation forceps for separating the blood vessels at the root of the vena cava. Large thoracic separation forceps or right-angle vascular forceps are often used instead. Due to the special anatomical location and importance of the root of the inferior vena cava, the above alternative instruments are not satisfactory in terms of operator convenience and safety. They are not convenient for medical staff to operate by hand and to reposition after operation. They are also not convenient for medical staff to rotate the forceps head without rotating their wrist, and are also not easy to adjust the rotation operation.

[0003] Prior art, such as patent publication number CN109009328B, discloses an inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery. The forceps' grip and rotation are controlled by pulling out and rotating a lever, respectively. This allows for gripping and rotation to be accomplished with the fingers, without requiring joint intervention. However, pulling out and rotating the lever is performed using the index and middle fingers. This is constrained by the gripping forceps handle, and pulling out the lever further reduces the maneuverability of the finger joints, making finger manipulation relatively stiff and awkward. Therefore, a new inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery that optimizes hand manipulation is desired. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery, which can control the clamping of the forceps body by pulling out the pull rod and control the rotation of the forceps body by pulling back the pull rod, thereby optimizing hand operation and improving control performance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery, comprising a forceps body and a tube body, wherein a pull rod is provided in the tube body;

[0006] A first support seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube body, a transmission gear disc is rotatably connected to the first support seat, a hollow telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission gear disc, the telescopic rod passes through the first support seat and extends to the clamp body and is fixedly connected to the clamp body, a pull rod passes through the transmission gear disc and the first support seat and extends to the clamp body and is rotatably connected to the clamp body, and the pull rod is used to drive the clamp body to clamp by pulling;

[0007] A second support seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube body, the middle section of the pull rod is a serrated flexible strip structure, a locking hole is opened on the second support seat, the serrated flexible strip structure is located in the locking hole, and a first locking tooth of the unidirectionally engaging serrated flexible strip structure is provided in the locking hole. The first locking tooth is used to lock the serrated flexible strip structure when the serrated flexible strip structure moves toward the clamp body;

[0008] A ratchet bar is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tube body, and a second locking tooth that is one-way engaged with the ratchet bar is provided on the pull rod. The second locking tooth is used to lock the ratchet bar when the pull rod moves toward the caliper body. A driving member is provided at one end of the ratchet bar close to the transmission gear disc, and the driving member is used to drive the transmission gear disc to rotate by utilizing the sliding movement of the ratchet bar.

[0009] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] In this solution, the user holds the tube and uses the forceps to perform vascular dissection. Once the forceps reach the vessel, they pull the pull rod to clamp the forceps. During this process, the serrated flexible strip straightens, transmitting the pulling force. The portion of the strip that passes through the locking hole is locked by the first locking teeth, preventing it from retracting. Therefore, even if the pull rod is released after the forceps are clamped, the forceps will not open, achieving self-locking.

[0011] 2. In this solution, after the caliper is clamped, the pull rod is pushed back. At this point, because the serrated flexible strip is locked, it does not retract into the lock hole when the pull rod is pushed back. Instead, it bends in front of the lock hole, maintaining the caliper's clamped state. The second locking teeth lock with the ratchet bar, causing the ratchet bar to slide when the pull rod is pushed back. The driving member transmits the sliding of the ratchet bar to the rotation of the drive gear disc, which transmits the rotation through the telescopic rod, causing the caliper to rotate.

[0012] 3. In this solution, the user can control the pulling and pushing of the lever with their middle and index fingers. To pull, they grip the lever and bend it, pulling it out. To push, they extend it, pushing it back. Compared to the existing method of bending the fingers and then rotating the lever, this finger bending and stretching method better adapts to the human body, eliminates joint discomfort, and makes it easier to control the clamp.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving member includes a third support seat, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube body, and a nut seat is rotatably connected to the third support seat. The outer periphery of the nut seat is provided with and fixedly connected to a tooth pattern that engages with the transmission gear disk, and the end of the ratchet bar close to the transmission gear disk is rotatably connected to a screw rod, the screw rod cooperates with the nut seat, and the end of the screw rod away from the ratchet bar passes through the third support seat.

[0014] Beneficial effect: After the ratchet bar slides, it drives the screw rod to move toward the nut seat and drives the nut seat to rotate. The rotation of the nut seat drives the transmission gear disc to rotate, and the transmission gear disc then rotates the pliers body through the telescopic rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the pliers body includes a first pliers head, a second pliers head, a rotating frame and a receiving frame, the receiving frame is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the tube body, the rotating frame is fixedly connected to an extension plate, the extension plate is rotatably connected to a pin, the first pliers head and the second pliers head are hinged to each other through the pin, the tail ends of the first pliers head and the second pliers head are rotatably connected to a transmission rod, and one end of the transmission rod away from the first pliers head and the second pliers head is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft;

[0016] The telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the supporting frame, and the pull rod is rotatably connected to the supporting frame.

[0017] Beneficial effect: When the pull rod is driven, the receiving frame will follow the movement, and at this time the tails of the first clamp head and the second clamp head will be brought closer through the transmission rod, driving the clamp body to retract.

[0018] Furthermore, the telescopic rod includes a mother tube and a sub-tube, the sub-tube is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mother tube, and a plurality of reinforcing rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mother tube. The end of the reinforcing rod away from the mother tube is fixedly connected to the rotating frame.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The reinforcing rod can strengthen the mechanical structure, so that the rotation of the telescopic rod is transmitted to the rotating frame, and drives the entire rotating frame to rotate.

[0020] Furthermore, one end of the tube body away from the clamp body is fixedly connected to a finger ring.

[0021] Beneficial effect: The user can insert one or more of the ring finger or the little finger into the finger ring for grasping.

[0022] Furthermore, a clamping pad is provided on one end of the pull rod away from the caliper body, and the clamping pad is made of a material with a high friction coefficient.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The clamping pad can facilitate the user to clamp the pull rod, and the high friction coefficient material can enhance the friction force when pulling or pushing back.

[0024] Furthermore, a first spring switch is provided on the tube body, and the first spring switch is used to control the retraction and ejection of the first locking tooth.

[0025] Beneficial effect: Since the first locking tooth locks the sawtooth flexible strip structure, when the pliers body is loosened, the first locking tooth needs to be retracted to release the sawtooth flexible strip structure and loosen the pliers body.

[0026] Furthermore, a second spring switch is provided on the pull rod, and the second spring switch is used to control the retraction and ejection of the second locking tooth.

[0027] Beneficial effect: Since the second locking tooth locks the ratchet bar, when resetting the ratchet bar, the second locking tooth needs to be retracted to release the ratchet bar and reset the ratchet bar.

[0028] Furthermore, a locking buckle for locking the position of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the tube body.

[0029] Beneficial effect: After the pliers body is rotated and adjusted, the ratchet bar is not self-locking and can still change position as the pull rod is pulled or pushed back. The locking buckle can lock the pull rod, thereby fixing the rotation angle.

[0030] Furthermore, the length of the tube is 18 cm to 25 cm.

[0031] Beneficial effect: The appropriate length setting can facilitate the user to insert the forceps into the abdominal cavity and facilitate the user to operate.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of an embodiment of the inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in FIG;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of part A in FIG.

[0037] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. pliers body; 2. tube body; 3. pull rod; 4. first support seat; 5. transmission gear plate; 6. telescopic rod; 7. second support seat; 8. serrated flexible strip structure; 9. ratchet bar; 10. second locking tooth; 11. third support seat; 12. nut seat; 13. screw rod; 14. first pliers head; 15. second pliers head; 16. rotating frame; 17. receiving frame; 18. mother cylinder; 19. daughter cylinder; 20. reinforcing rod; 21. finger ring; 22. clamping pad; 23. first spring switch; 24. second spring switch; 25. locking buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0042] As attached Figures 1-4 Shown is a pair of inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery, comprising a forceps body 1 and a tubular body 2. A pull rod 3 is provided in the tubular body 2 and is slidably connected to the tubular body 2.

[0043] The pliers body 1 includes a first pliers head 14, a second pliers head 15, a rotating frame 16 and a receiving frame 17. The receiving frame 17 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft. The rotating frame 16 is rotatably connected to the tube body 2. An extension plate is welded and fixed to the rotating frame 16. A pin is rotatably connected to the extension plate. The first pliers head 14 and the second pliers head 15 are hinged to each other through the pin. The tails of the first pliers head 14 and the second pliers head 15 are rotatably connected to a transmission rod, and the ends of the transmission rod away from the first pliers head 14 and the second pliers head 15 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0044] A first support seat 4 is integrally formed on the inner wall of the tube body 2, and a transmission gear disc 5 is rotatably connected to the first support seat 4. A hollow telescopic rod 6 is welded and fixed to the middle of the transmission gear disc 5. The telescopic rod 6 extends through the first support seat 4 to the clamp body 1 and is screwed to the receiving frame 17. The pull rod 3 extends through the transmission gear disc 5 and the first support seat 4 to the clamp body 1 and is rotatably connected to the receiving frame 17. The pull rod 3 is used to drive the clamp body 1 to clamp by pulling.

[0045] A second support seat 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube body 2, and the middle section of the pull rod 3 is a serrated flexible strip structure 8. A locking hole is provided on the second support seat 7, and the serrated flexible strip structure 8 is located in the locking hole. A first locking tooth for one-way engaging the serrated flexible strip structure 8 is installed in the locking hole. The first locking tooth is used to lock the serrated flexible strip structure 8 when the serrated flexible strip structure 8 moves toward the pliers body 1.

[0046] A ratchet bar 9 is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the tube body 2, and a second locking tooth 10 for one-way engagement with the ratchet bar 9 is provided on the pull rod 3. The second locking tooth 10 is used to lock the ratchet bar 9 when the pull rod 3 moves toward the caliper body 1. A driving member is provided at one end of the ratchet bar 9 close to the transmission gear disc 5, and the driving member is used to drive the transmission gear disc 5 to rotate by utilizing the sliding movement of the ratchet bar 9.

[0047] The driving member includes a third support seat 11, which is integrally formed with the inner wall of the tube body 2. A nut seat 12 is rotatably connected to the third support seat 11. The nut seat 12 is outer-circuited and fixedly connected with a tooth pattern that engages with the transmission gear disc 5. The end of the ratchet bar 9 close to the transmission gear disc 5 is rotatably connected to a screw rod 13, which cooperates with the nut seat 12, and the end of the screw rod 13 away from the ratchet bar 9 passes through the third support seat 11.

[0048] During use, the user holds the tube 2 and uses the forceps 1 to perform vascular dissection. Once the forceps 1 reaches the vessel, the pull rod 3 is pulled to force the forceps 1 to clamp. During this process, the serrated flexible strip 8 straightens, transmitting the pulling force, pulling the support frame 17, causing the first and second jaws 14, 15 to clamp. The portion of the serrated flexible strip 8 that passes through the locking hole is locked by the first locking teeth, preventing the serrated flexible strip 8 from retracting. Therefore, after the forceps 1 is clamped, even if the pull rod 3 is released, the forceps 1 will not release, thus achieving self-locking.

[0049] After the clamping of the forceps body 1 is completed, the pull rod 3 is pushed back. At this time, because the serrated flexible strip structure 8 is locked, it does not retreat into the lock hole when the pull rod 3 is pushed back. Instead, it bends in front of the lock hole, keeping the forceps body 1 clamped. The second locking teeth 10 lock with the ratchet bar 9, causing the ratchet bar 9 to slide when the pull rod 3 is pushed back. The sliding of the ratchet bar 9 drives the screw rod 13 toward the nut seat 12, driving the nut seat 12 to rotate. The rotation of the nut seat 12 drives the transmission gear disc 5, which in turn rotates the forceps body 1 via the telescopic rod 6. The transmission gear disc 5 transmits the rotation through the telescopic rod 6, causing the forceps body 1 to rotate. The user can adjust the rotation angle of the forceps body 1 to facilitate the user's separation of blood vessels.

[0050] The user can control the pulling and pushing back of the pull rod 3 with the middle finger and index finger. When pulling, the middle finger and index finger clamp the pull rod 3 and then bend it to pull the pull rod 3 out. When pushing, the middle finger and index finger are stretched to push the pull rod 3 back. Compared with the existing technology of bending the fingers and then controlling the rotation of the pull rod 3 to control, the bending and stretching of the fingers is more adapted to the human body structure, does not cause joint awkwardness, and is more convenient for controlling the clamp body 1.

[0051] The telescopic rod 6 includes a mother tube 18 and a sub-tube 19. The sub-tube 19 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mother tube 18. A plurality of reinforcing rods 20 are bonded and fixed to the outer wall of the mother tube 18. The end of the reinforcing rod 20 away from the mother tube 18 is bonded and fixed to the rotating frame 16.

[0052] The reinforcing rod 20 can strengthen the mechanical structure, so that the rotation of the telescopic rod 6 is transmitted to the rotating frame 16 and drives the entire rotating frame 16 to rotate.

[0053] A finger ring 21 is integrally formed on one end of the tube body 2 away from the pliers body 1 .

[0054] The user can insert one or more of the ring finger or the little finger into the finger ring 21 for grasping.

[0055] A clamping pad 22 is bonded and fixed to one end of the pull rod 3 away from the caliper body 1 . The clamping pad 22 is made of a material with a high friction coefficient.

[0056] The clamping pad 22 can facilitate the user to clamp the pull rod 3, and the high friction coefficient material can enhance the friction force when pulling or pushing back.

[0057] A first spring switch 23 is provided on the tube body 2. The first lock tooth is movably connected to the second support seat 7. The first lock tooth is fixedly connected to the trigger end of the first spring switch 23. The first spring switch 23 is used to control the retraction and ejection of the first lock tooth.

[0058] Since the first locking tooth locks the sawtooth flexible strip structure 8 , the first locking tooth needs to be retracted when the pliers body 1 is loosened, thereby releasing the sawtooth flexible strip structure 8 and loosening the pliers body 1 .

[0059] A second spring switch 24 is provided on the pull rod 3 , the second lock tooth 10 is movably connected to the pull rod 3 , and the second lock tooth 10 is fixedly connected to the trigger end of the second spring switch 24 . The second spring switch 24 is used to control the retraction and ejection of the second lock tooth 10 .

[0060] Since the second locking tooth 10 locks the ratchet bar 9 , when resetting the ratchet bar 9 , the second locking tooth 10 needs to be retracted to release the ratchet bar 9 and reset the ratchet bar 9 .

[0061] A locking buckle 25 for locking the position of the pull rod 3 is fixedly connected to the tube body 2 .

[0062] After the caliper body 1 is rotated and adjusted, the ratchet bar 9 is not self-locking and can still change position as the pull rod 3 is pulled or pushed back, and the locking buckle 25 can lock the pull rod 3.

[0063] The length of the tube body 2 is 18 cm to 25 cm.

[0064] The appropriate length setting can facilitate the user to insert the forceps body 1 into the abdominal cavity and facilitate the user to operate.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vascular dissection and separation forceps for the root of the inferior vena cava for liver surgery, characterized in that: It comprises a clamp body (1) and a tube body (2), wherein a pull rod (3) is provided in the tube body (2); The inner wall of the tube body (2) is fixedly connected to a first support seat (4), a transmission gear disc (5) is rotatably connected to the first support seat (4), a hollow telescopic rod (6) is fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission gear disc (5), the telescopic rod (6) passes through the first support seat (4) and extends to the clamp body (1) and is fixedly connected to the clamp body (1), a pull rod (3) passes through the transmission gear disc (5) and the first support seat (4) and extends to the clamp body (1) and is rotatably connected to the clamp body (1), and the pull rod (3) is used to pull the driving clamp body (1) to clamp; The inner wall of the tube body (2) is fixedly connected to a second support seat (7), the middle section of the pull rod (3) is a sawtooth flexible strip structure (8), a locking hole is provided on the second support seat (7), the sawtooth flexible strip structure (8) is located in the locking hole, and a first locking tooth for one-way engagement with the sawtooth flexible strip structure is provided in the locking hole, the first locking tooth being used to lock the sawtooth flexible strip structure (8) when the sawtooth flexible strip structure (8) moves toward the clamp body (1); The inner wall of the tube body (2) is slidably connected to a ratchet bar (9), and the pull rod (3) is provided with a second locking tooth (10) that is unidirectionally engaged with the ratchet bar (9). The second locking tooth (10) is used to lock the ratchet bar (9) when the pull rod (3) moves toward the caliper body (1). A driving member is provided at one end of the ratchet bar (9) close to the transmission gear disc (5), and the driving member is used to drive the transmission gear disc (5) to rotate by utilizing the sliding movement of the ratchet bar (9); The pliers body (1) comprises a first pliers head (14), a second pliers head (15), a rotating frame (16) and a receiving frame (17), the receiving frame (17) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating frame (16) is rotatably connected to the tube body (2), the rotating frame (16) is fixedly connected to an extension plate, the extension plate is rotatably connected to a pin, the first pliers head (14) and the second pliers head (15) are hinged to each other through the pin, the tails of the first pliers head (14) and the second pliers head (15) are rotatably connected to a transmission rod, and one end of the transmission rod away from the first pliers head (14) and the second pliers head (15) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; The telescopic rod (6) is fixedly connected to the receiving frame (17), and the pull rod (3) is rotatably connected to the receiving frame (17).

2. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member includes a third support seat (11), the third support seat (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube body (2), a nut seat (12) is rotatably connected to the third support seat (11), and a tooth pattern that meshes with the transmission gear disc (5) is arranged on the outer surface of the nut seat (12) and is fixedly connected thereto. An end of the ratchet bar (9) close to the transmission gear disc (5) is rotatably connected to a screw rod (13), the screw rod (13) cooperates with the nut seat (12), and an end of the screw rod (13) away from the ratchet bar (9) passes through the third support seat (11).

3. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (6) comprises a mother tube (18) and a sub-tube (19), wherein the sub-tube (19) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mother tube (18), and a plurality of reinforcing rods (20) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mother tube (18), and one end of the reinforcing rod (20) away from the mother tube (18) is fixedly connected to the rotating frame (16).

4. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the tube body (2) away from the clamp body (1) is fixedly connected to a finger ring (21).

5. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: A clamping pad (22) is provided at one end of the pull rod (3) away from the caliper body (1), and the clamping pad (22) is made of a material with a high friction coefficient.

6. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first spring switch (23) is provided on the tube body (2), and the first spring switch (23) is used to control the retraction and ejection of the first locking tooth.

7. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second spring switch (24) is provided on the pull rod (3), and the second spring switch (24) is used to control the retraction and ejection of the second lock tooth (10).

8. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: A locking buckle (25) for locking the position of the pull rod (3) is fixedly connected to the tube body (2).

9. The inferior vena cava root vascular dissection and separation forceps for liver surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length of the tube (2) is 18 cm to 25 cm.

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