Processing technology of instant ganoderma lucidum spore powder

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of processing of ganoderma lucidum spore powder, and particularly discloses a processing technology of instant ganoderma lucidum spore powder, which comprises the following steps: S1, performing pressurization mechanical rolling on ganoderma lucidum spores to obtain pretreated spores; s2, mixing the pretreated spores with water, and performing ultrasonic oscillation treatment; adding silicon dioxide, mixing and stirring for 5-10 minutes, and filtering out silicon dioxide to obtain spore liquid; the mass ratio of the pretreated spores to the silicon dioxide is 10: (0.5-1); s3, the spore liquid is subjected to post-treatment, freeze drying and crushing, and finished ganoderma lucidum spore powder is prepared; meanwhile, the instant tea has the advantages of instant dissolution, high content of effective components and difficulty in precipitation after standing after brewing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder processing, and more specifically, it relates to a processing technology for instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma lucidum spores are extremely tiny oval reproductive cells ejected from the gills of Ganoderma lucidum during its growth and maturity stage, that is, the spores of Ganoderma lucidum; each spore of Ganoderma lucidum is only 4 - 6 microns, which is a living organism with a double-wall structure and is surrounded by a hard chitin cellulose on the outside, making it difficult for the human body to fully absorb; however, Ganoderma lucidum spores have the effect of enhancing the body's immunity.

[0003] In order to facilitate human absorption, generally Ganoderma lucidum spores are ground or broken to make Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. Ganoderma lucidum spore powder has the effects of relieving blood sugar, improving liver function, and protecting the cardiovascular system; although Ganoderma lucidum spore powder can be partially broken by mechanical grinding or mechanical wall-breaking, the outer shell is still likely to be incompletely broken, affecting the release of active ingredients. If the temperature is increased for wall-breaking treatment, it is easy to affect the activity of beneficial ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum spores. Therefore, how to promote the rapid brewing of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and ensure the rapid dissolution of the active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum spores has gradually attracted people's attention.

[0004] Ganoderma lucidum spore powder appears as dark brown powder. When brewing, due to the insolubility of chitin cellulose on the surface shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores and its resistance to gastric juice corrosion, the human body cannot absorb it. Even after wall-breaking, the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder still exists. Due to the presence of the wall shell in the brewing solution, it is easy for the brewed Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to present a suspension state after stirring and is prone to precipitation after standing for a period of time.

[0005] Therefore, with the gradual improvement of people's requirements for food, how to prepare an instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, ensure that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder contains high-content and high-activity beneficial ingredients, and at the same time, the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder does not easily precipitate after brewing is a problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to prepare an instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, ensure that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder contains high-content and high-activity beneficial ingredients, and at the same time, the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder does not easily precipitate after brewing, the present application provides a processing technology for instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0007] The processing technology for instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A processing technology for instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder includes the following steps: S1. Pressurized mechanical rolling of Ganoderma lucidum spores to obtain pretreated spores; S2. After the pre-treated spores are mixed with water, they are subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment; then silicon dioxide is added and stirred for 5-10 min, and then the silicon dioxide is filtered out to obtain a spore solution; the mass ratio of the pre-treated spores to silicon dioxide is 10:0.5-1; S3. The spore solution is post-treated, freeze-dried and crushed to obtain the finished Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is subjected to pressurized mechanical rolling, so that the surface wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores is initially damaged, but most of the wall is relatively intact and cracked, and it is not easy to appear in the state of the wall cracking into powder. Then, the pre-treated spores are mixed with water and subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment. During the oscillation and migration of water molecules, the cracked and connected parts of the wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores are gradually separated, improving the degree of fragmentation of the wall. Then, silicon dioxide is added for stirring treatment. The cutting effect of silicon dioxide cooperates with the separation effect to further scratch the wall, promote the splitting of the wall, reduce the particle size of the wall powder, improve the dissolution effect of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, promote the efficient release of the beneficial components in the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, the beneficial components also have high activity, and the wall powder with a smaller particle size is not easy to precipitate and suspend, ensuring that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder does not precipitate easily after standing after brewing.

[0009] Silicon dioxide is filtered out from the spore solution, and then freeze-dried and crushed. Under the condition of low-temperature freezing, the beneficial components in the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder are not easily damaged and lost, and it can also promote the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to present a porous state. The Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a porous structure can dissolve in water more quickly. While ensuring that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder contains high-content and high-activity beneficial components, it is convenient for the human body to absorb and utilize the nutritional components in the Ganoderma lucidum spores, and it can also ensure the stability of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder after brewing, and it is not easy to appear problems of suspension and precipitation.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure of the pressurized mechanical rolling in S1 is 3-5 MPa, and the rolling time is 5-10 min.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure and time of the pressurized mechanical rolling are limited to ensure that the wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores is cracked, and the particles of the fine Ganoderma lucidum spore powder are increased, the specific surface area of the wall is increased, and the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is promoted to fully contact with water. During the brewing process, the dissolution efficiency is improved and the precipitation is reduced; it can also reduce the loss of effective components and ensure the nutritional value of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0012] Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic oscillation treatment in S2 is 20-25 kHz, and the oscillation time is 3-5 min.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the wall shell after mechanical rolling is fractured, and with the ultrasonic oscillation treatment, the particles of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder are further refined, the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores is broken, the surface area of the wall shell is increased, the contact area between Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and the solvent is promoted, so as to accelerate the dissolution rate; and at the same time of ultrasonic oscillation, it is also helpful to break the agglomeration phenomenon between Ganoderma lucidum spores, so that each spore fully contacts with the solvent, further accelerating the dissolution; however, ultrasonic oscillation with too high frequency or too long time is likely to damage the nutrients in Ganoderma lucidum spores.

[0014] Preferably, the silica dioxide in S2 is prepared from acicular silica dioxide, tremella polysaccharide solution and composite enzyme with a mass ratio of 1:0.05 - 0.1:0.01 - 0.02.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, by using the viscosity of the tremella polysaccharide solution, it is convenient for the composite enzyme to be dispersed and attached to the surface of the acicular silica dioxide. During the stirring process of the silica dioxide, the acicular silica dioxide can cut and scratch the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores and disperse the wall shell particles, making the Ganoderma lucidum spore particles finer, improving the solubility and reducing the precipitation phenomenon at the same time; when the acicular silica dioxide contacts the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores, the tremella polysaccharide and the composite enzyme are easy to stay in the Ganoderma lucidum spore particles, and the contact area between the tremella polysaccharide and the composite enzyme and the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores is increased. By using the hydroxyl groups contained in the tremella polysaccharide, it is convenient to attract and connect with chitin and cellulose in the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. The viscous solution formed by the tremella polysaccharide in water wraps the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores, increasing the solubility and dispersion effect of the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores in water. At the same time, the composite enzyme can decompose chitin and cellulose, further refining the wall shell, so that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder has the advantages of instant solubility after brewing and can also control the precipitation phenomenon of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder after brewing; and the tremella polysaccharide can also wrap the active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, further preventing the loss of active ingredients affected by the water temperature during the brewing process, ensuring the content of ganoderic triterpenes, so as to ensure that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is easy to be absorbed by the human body and has a high content of beneficial ingredients.

[0016] Preferably, the average length of the acicular silica dioxide is 40 - 80μm, and the average diameter is 10 - 20nm.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the length and diameter of the acicular silica dioxide are limited to ensure that the silica dioxide can refine Ganoderma lucidum spores and is convenient for refining the wall shell of Ganoderma lucidum spores, ensuring good solubility and good stability during the brewing process of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, and not easily having the problem of precipitation after brewing.

[0018] Preferably, the tremella polysaccharide solution is prepared from a tremella polysaccharide aqueous solution and linseed gum microparticles with a mass ratio of 100:0.2 - 0.6.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the tremella polysaccharide aqueous solution has good water solubility, while the linseed gum particles are insoluble in room temperature water. At the initial stage of hot water brewing, the tremella polysaccharide in water dissolves and adsorbs the cellulose and chitin of the ganoderma spore wall. The linseed gum gradually absorbs water and swells. As the brewing time extends, the linseed gum particles gradually dissolve and become viscous, and the ganoderma spore wall near the linseed gum is further coated, ensuring the stability of the ganoderma spore wall in the brewing liquid and not easily causing precipitation problems. Moreover, the linseed gum can also improve the stability and dispersibility of ganoderma spores, enhancing the stability of the brewed ganoderma spore powder.

[0020] Preferably, the composite enzyme is composed of cellulase and chitinase with a mass ratio of 1:2 - 5.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the cellulase and chitinase cooperate. The cellulase decomposes cellulose and the chitinase decomposes chitin. When the silica cracks the ganoderma spore wall, due to the water solubility of the tremella polysaccharide, part of the composite enzyme is dispersed on the ganoderma spore wall. Utilizing the decomposition effect of the composite enzyme on the wall, the solubility and dispersion stability of the ganoderma spore wall are further improved, ensuring that the brewed ganoderma spore powder has a good instant dissolution effect and good stability, and not easily causing precipitation problems.

[0022] Preferably, the stirring speed of the mixing and stirring in S2 is 800 - 2000 r / min.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the stirring speed is limited to promote the silica to refine the ganoderma spore wall, improving the instant dissolution effect and the stability after brewing of the ganoderma spore powder.

[0024] Preferably, the specific steps of the post-treatment in S3 are as follows: Add monoglyceride succinate and mix and stir evenly in the spore liquid according to a mass ratio of 10:0.002 - 0.008.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, due to the presence of the hydrophilic group and the lipophilic group in monoglyceride succinate, the dissolution rate of the ganoderma spore powder can be effectively improved. It can form a uniform emulsion in water, coating the ganoderma spore powder particles therein, increasing the contact area between the ganoderma spore powder and water, thus accelerating dissolution. Moreover, monoglyceride succinate, in combination with tremella polysaccharide and linseed gum particles, has good stability, enabling the ganoderma spore powder to be evenly dispersed while having good stability.

[0026] Preferably, the specific steps of the freeze-drying in S3 are as follows: First, freeze at -20°C to -10°C for 6 - 10 h, and then freeze-dry at -45°C to -40°C for 20 - 24 h.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature and time of freeze-drying are limited to ensure that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared by freeze-drying has a porous structure, is more likely to come into contact with moisture, has the advantage of instant solubility during the brewing process, and has better stability after brewing.

[0028] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is mechanically rolled under pressure, so that the surface wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores is initially damaged, but most of the wall is relatively intact and cracked, and it is not easy to appear in the state of the wall cracking into powder. Then, the pretreated spores are mixed with water and subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment. During the oscillation and migration of water molecules, the cracked and connected parts of the wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores are gradually separated, improving the degree of fragmentation of the wall. Then, silicon dioxide is added for stirring treatment. The cutting effect of silicon dioxide cooperates with the separation effect to further scratch the wall, promote the splitting of the wall, reduce the particle size of the wall powder, improve the dissolution effect of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, promote the efficient release of the beneficial components in the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, the beneficial components also have high activity, and the wall powder with a smaller particle size is not easy to precipitate and suspend, ensuring that there is no precipitation problem when the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is left standing after brewing.

[0029] 2. Silicon dioxide is filtered out from the spore liquid, and then freeze-dried and crushed. Under the condition of low-temperature freezing, the beneficial components in the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder are not easily damaged and lost, and it can also promote the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to present a porous state. The porous-structured Ganoderma lucidum spore powder can dissolve in water more quickly. While ensuring that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder contains high-content and high-activity beneficial components, it is convenient for the human body to absorb and utilize the nutritional components in the Ganoderma lucidum spores, and it can also ensure the stability of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder after brewing, and it is not easy to appear problems of suspension and precipitation. Specific Embodiments

[0030] The following further elaborates on the present application with reference to embodiments.

[0031] Preparation Example of Silicon Dioxide Among the following raw materials, cellulase was purchased from Jiangsu Caiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; chitinase was purchased from Wuhan Lanabai Medical and Chemical Co., Ltd.; other raw materials were all commercially available.

[0032] Preparation Example 1: Silicon dioxide was prepared by the following method: 100 g of cellulase and 400 g of chitinase were mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a composite enzyme; Tremella polysaccharide was added to water and stirred until all the Tremella polysaccharide was dissolved to obtain a 1% aqueous solution of Tremella polysaccharide by mass; 100 g of the aqueous solution of Tremella polysaccharide and 0.5 g of flaxseed gum microparticles were mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a Tremella polysaccharide solution; the average particle size of the flaxseed gum microparticles was 5 μm; Spray 0.08 kg of tremella polysaccharide solution evenly on the surface of 1 kg of acicular silica. The average length of the acicular silica is 60 μm, and the average diameter is 10 nm. During the spraying process, the acicular silica is continuously stirred at a speed of 150 r / min, and then 0.01 kg of complex enzyme is added. The addition speed of the complex enzyme is 60 g / min. During the addition process, the acicular silica is continuously stirred. After mixing evenly, it is dried and dispersed until the acicular silica does not adhere and agglomerate with each other, and the finished silica is obtained.

[0033] Preparation Example 2: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that: Mix 100 g of cellulase and 200 g of chitinase evenly by stirring to obtain a complex enzyme; Add tremella polysaccharide to water and stir until the tremella polysaccharide is completely dissolved to obtain a 1% (mass fraction) aqueous solution of tremella polysaccharide; Mix 100 g of the aqueous solution of tremella polysaccharide and 0.2 g of flaxseed gum microparticles evenly by stirring to obtain a tremella polysaccharide solution; The average particle size of the flaxseed gum microparticles is 5 μm; Spray 0.05 kg of tremella polysaccharide solution evenly on the surface of 1 kg of acicular silica. The average length of the acicular silica is 80 μm, and the average diameter is 20 nm. During the spraying process, the acicular silica is continuously stirred at a speed of 150 r / min, and then 0.01 kg of complex enzyme is added. The addition speed of the complex enzyme is 60 g / min. During the addition process, the acicular silica is continuously stirred. After mixing evenly, it is dried and dispersed until the acicular silica does not adhere and agglomerate with each other, and the finished silica is obtained.

[0034] Preparation Example 3: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that: Mix 100 g of cellulase and 500 g of chitinase evenly by stirring to obtain a complex enzyme; Add tremella polysaccharide to water and stir until the tremella polysaccharide is completely dissolved to obtain a 1% (mass fraction) aqueous solution of tremella polysaccharide; Mix 100 g of the aqueous solution of tremella polysaccharide and 0.6 g of flaxseed gum microparticles evenly by stirring to obtain a tremella polysaccharide solution; The average particle size of the flaxseed gum microparticles is 5 μm; Spray 0.1 kg of tremella polysaccharide solution evenly on the surface of 1 kg of acicular silica. The average length of the acicular silica is 40 μm, and the average diameter is 10 nm. During the spraying process, the acicular silica is continuously stirred at a speed of 150 r / min, and then 0.02 kg of complex enzyme is added. The addition speed of the complex enzyme is 60 g / min. During the addition process, the acicular silica is continuously stirred. After mixing evenly, it is dried and dispersed until the acicular silica does not adhere and agglomerate with each other, and the finished silica is obtained. Examples

[0035] The following raw materials are all commercially available.

[0036] Example 1: A processing technology for instant ganoderma spore powder: S1. Mechanically roll the ganoderma spores under pressure. The pressure is 4 MPa and the rolling time is 8 min to obtain pretreated spores. S2. Mix 1 kg of pretreated spores with 9 kg of water and then perform ultrasonic oscillation treatment. The water is at room temperature of 25 - 28 °C, the frequency of ultrasonic oscillation is 20 kHz, and the oscillation time is 5 min. Then add 0.1 kg of silica. The silica is the silica prepared in Preparation Example 1. The mixing and stirring speed is 1000 r / min and the stirring time is 10 min. Then filter out the silica to obtain spore liquid. S3. Add 0.005 kg of succinic acid diglyceride to 10 kg of spore liquid for post-treatment. After mixing and stirring evenly, first freeze at -20 °C for 6 h, then freeze-dry at -40 °C for 24 h, and crush through a 1000-mesh sieve to obtain the finished ganoderma spore powder.

[0037] Example 2: The difference between this example and Example 1 is as follows: S1. Mechanically roll the ganoderma spores under pressure. The pressure is 3 MPa and the rolling time is 10 min to obtain pretreated spores. S2. Mix 1 kg of pretreated spores with 9 kg of water and then perform ultrasonic oscillation treatment. The frequency of ultrasonic oscillation is 25 kHz and the oscillation time is 3 min. Then add 0.05 kg of silica. The silica is the silica prepared in Preparation Example 2. The mixing and stirring speed is 800 r / min and the stirring time is 10 min. Then filter out the silica to obtain spore liquid. S3. Add 0.002 kg of succinic acid diglyceride to the spore liquid for post-treatment. After mixing and stirring evenly, first freeze at -10 °C for 10 h, then freeze-dry at -45 °C for 20 h, and finally crush to obtain the finished ganoderma spore powder.

[0038] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is as follows: S1. Mechanically roll the ganoderma spores under pressure. The pressure is 5 MPa and the rolling time is 5 min to obtain pretreated spores. S2. Mix 1 kg of pretreated spores with 9 kg of water and then perform ultrasonic oscillation treatment. The frequency of ultrasonic oscillation is 20 kHz and the oscillation time is 5 min. Then add 0.1 kg of silica. The silica is the silica prepared in Preparation Example 3. The mixing and stirring speed is 2000 r / min and the stirring time is 5 min. Then filter out the silica to obtain spore liquid. S3. Add 0.008 kg of succinic acid glyceride to the spore liquid for post-treatment. After mixing and stirring evenly, freeze it at -20°C for 6 hours, then freeze-dry it at -40°C for 24 hours, and finally crush it to obtain the finished Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0039] Embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: During the preparation of silica in S2, no Tremella polysaccharide solution and complex enzyme were added.

[0040] Embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: During the preparation of silica in S2, no complex enzyme was added.

[0041] Embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: During the preparation of silica in S2, the Tremella polysaccharide solution is replaced with an equal mass of gelatin solution. The preparation method of the gelatin solution is as follows: 1 kg of gelatin is placed in 99 kg of hot water and stirred until the gelatin is completely dissolved to obtain a gelatin solution. The temperature of the hot water is 60°C.

[0042] Embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: During the preparation of silica in S2, no flaxseed gum particles were added to the Tremella polysaccharide solution.

[0043] Embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: The post-treatment of S3 is secondary filtration, i.e. no succinic acid monoglyceride is added.

[0044] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: No silica was added to S2.

[0045] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: No ultrasonic treatment was performed in S2.

[0046] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: No freeze-drying was performed in S3.

[0047] Performance testing 1. Rapid solubility test Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was prepared by the methods of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and the wall-breaking rate was calculated; The Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is brewed by adding water at 60°C. The ratio of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to water is 1:10, and it is stirred at a speed of 20 r / min for 30 s. Observe the dissolution situation and conduct grading; Grade 1 - completely dissolved, no lumps, the solution is transparent; Grade 2 - partially dissolved, with a small amount of lumps, the solution is slightly turbid; Grade 3 - obvious lumps and precipitation, the solution is turbid; Grade 4 - severely lumped, severely precipitated, not dissolved; Detection of the total triterpenoid dissolution amount: Drawing of the standard curve: Pipette 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mL of 0.1 mg / mL ursolic acid reference substance solution, evaporate to dryness in a water bath at 100°C respectively, sequentially add 4 mL of 5% vanillin - glacial acetic acid and 1 mL of perchloric acid, heat in a water bath at 65°C for 45 min; after taking out, place it in an ice bath and add 5 mL of glacial acetic acid, shake well and let stand for 15 min, then measure the absorbance value at 548 nm to draw the standard curve; Preparation of the total triterpenoid test solution of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder: Accurately weigh 0.50 g of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in each group, add 15 mL of ethyl acetate, extract ultrasonically for 30 min, filter, and make the subsequent filtrate constant volume to 50 mL with ethyl acetate to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder test solution. When measuring, take 1 mL of the test solution, evaporate to dryness in a water bath, and then sequentially add the same equal amount of reagents as in the standard curve for determination; Total triterpenoid dissolution amount = (m1×V1) / (m2×V2)×10 - 4; In the formula: m1 is the amount of ursolic acid contained in the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder test solution obtained from the standard curve (μg); V1 is the sample constant volume (mL); V2 is the volume of the test solution taken for colorimetric determination (mL); m2 is the sample mass (g).

[0048] 2. Stability detection Prepare Ganoderma lucidum spore powder by the methods of Examples 1 - 3, 6 - 8 respectively. The Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is brewed by adding water at 60°C, stirred at a speed of 20 r / min for 30 s, and then left to stand for 10 min. Observe the precipitation situation and conduct grading: Grade 1 - no precipitation, no suspension, clear and transparent; Grade 2 - a small amount of precipitation or a small amount of suspended matter, the precipitation or suspended matter is not obvious; Grade 3 - obvious precipitation, obvious suspended matter; Grade 4 - severe precipitation, a lot of suspended matter.

[0049] Table 1 Performance test table (in the table, " / " represents that the corresponding example or comparative example did not detect this item, so there is no data)

[0050] Combined with Examples 1 - 3 and Table 1, it can be seen that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in this application has a high wall - breaking rate, good instant solubility, a high total triterpenoid dissolution amount, and good stability. This makes the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder have the advantage of instant solubility, and it is not easy to precipitate after brewing. It can also ensure that the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder contains a high content of beneficial components, improving the quality of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0051] Combined with Examples 1 and 4 - 8 and Table 1, it can be seen that during the preparation of silica in Example 4, tremella polysaccharide solution and complex enzyme were not added. Compared with Example 1, the wall - breaking rate of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Example 4 is lower than that of Example 1, and the total triterpenoid dissolution amount is lower than that of Example 1. This shows that after the treatment of silica with tremella polysaccharide and complex enzyme, it can further promote the destruction of the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores, promote the dissolution of total triterpenoids. The higher the total triterpenoid dissolution amount, the better the instant solubility, and the higher the wall - breaking rate, which further increases the instant solubility effect.

[0052] During the preparation of silica in Example 5, the complex enzyme was not added. Compared with Example 1, the wall - breaking rate of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Example 5 is lower than that of Example 1, and the total triterpenoids contain Ganoderma triterpenoids, and the total triterpenoid dissolution amount is lower than that of Example 1. This shows that the addition of complex enzyme can further promote the destruction and decomposition of the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores, release the active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum spores, and improve the instant solubility effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0053] During the preparation of silica in Example 6, the tremella polysaccharide solution was replaced with gelatin solution of the same mass. Compared with Example 1, the wall - breaking rate of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Example 6 is lower than that of Example 1, and the total triterpenoid dissolution amount is lower than that of Example 1, and the stability is worse than that of Example 1. This shows that when gelatin is added, under the condition of stirring at room temperature, gelatin is not easy to dissolve, resulting in the complex enzyme not being easily retained in the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores and spore liquid. While the tremella polysaccharide solution dissolves in room - temperature water, and during the stirring process, it can make the complex enzyme enter the spore liquid, improving the wall - breaking effect, thus improving the instant solubility and the static stability after brewing of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. However, due to the brittleness of gelatin, at a relatively high stirring speed, it is still easy for some gelatin to carry the complex enzyme into the spore liquid, but the amount of complex enzyme carried into the spore liquid by gelatin is not as high as that carried by the tremella polysaccharide solution.

[0054] During the preparation of silica in Example 7, linseed gum particles were not added to the tremella polysaccharide solution. Compared with Example 1, the stability of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Example 7 is worse than that of Example 1. This shows that the tremella polysaccharide dissolves in water and carries linseed gum particles into the spore liquid. During the hot - water brewing process, the linseed gum particles can attract water and increase viscosity, thereby improving the stability of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, making it not easy to precipitate and suspend after brewing.

[0055] The post-treatment of Example 8 is secondary filtration. Compared with Example 1, the stability of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Example 8 is worse than that in Example 1, indicating that the addition of monoglyceride succinate can cooperate with tremella polysaccharide and flaxseed gum particles to further improve the stability of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder after brewing, and it is not easy to have precipitation and suspension problems.

[0056] Combined with Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 and Table 1, it can be seen that silica was not added in Comparative Example 1. Compared with Example 1, the wall-breaking rate of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Comparative Example 1 is lower than that in Example 1, the instant solubility grade is worse than that in Example 1, and the total triterpene dissolution amount is lower than that in Example 1. It shows that the addition of silica can further cut and split the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores, thereby promoting the wall-breaking of Ganoderma lucidum spores and improving the content of nutrients and instant solubility effect in the brewed Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0057] Ultrasonic oscillation treatment was not carried out in Comparative Example 2. Compared with Example 1, the wall-breaking rate of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Comparative Example 2 is lower than that in Example 1, the instant solubility grade is worse than that in Example 1, and the total triterpene dissolution amount is lower than that in Example 1. It shows that ultrasonic oscillation treatment can promote the dispersion of the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores and promote the penetration of water, thereby further improving the wall-breaking rate of Ganoderma lucidum spores and the instant solubility effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

[0058] Freeze-drying was not carried out in Comparative Example 3. Compared with Example 1, the wall-breaking rate of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared in Comparative Example 3 is lower than that in Example 1, the instant solubility grade is worse than that in Example 1, and the total triterpene dissolution amount is lower than that in Example 1. It shows that freeze-drying can make the structure of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder loose, further promote the instant solubility of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, and can also ensure that the effective substances are not easily lost.

[0059] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application, and it is not a limitation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A processing technology for instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, subjecting the Ganoderma lucidum spores to mechanical pressing to obtain pretreated spores; S2, pre-treated spores are mixed with water and then subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment; then silicon dioxide is added and mixed and stirred for 5-10 minutes, and then the silicon dioxide is filtered out to obtain a spore liquid; the mass ratio of pre-treated spores to silicon dioxide is 10:0.5-1; S3. The spore liquid is post-processed, freeze-dried, and crushed to obtain finished Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

2. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the pressurized mechanical rolling of S1 is 3-5 MPa, and the rolling time is 5-10 min.

3. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic oscillation treatment of S2 is 20-25 kHz, and the oscillation time is 3-5 min.

4. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicon dioxide of S2 is prepared from needle-shaped silicon dioxide, tremella polysaccharide liquid and complex enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:0.05-0.1:0.01-0.

02.

5. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The needle-shaped silica has an average length of 40-80 μm and an average diameter of 10-20 nm.

6. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tremella polysaccharide solution is prepared from a tremella polysaccharide aqueous solution and flaxseed colloid particles in a mass ratio of 100:0.2-0.

6.

7. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The complex enzyme consists of cellulase and chitinase in a mass ratio of 1:2-5.

8. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the mixing in S2 is 800-2000 r / min.

9. The processing technology of the instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of post-processing in S3 are as follows: succinic acid monoglyceride is added to the spore liquid at a mass ratio of 10:0.002-0.008 and mixed and stirred evenly.

10. The processing technology of instant Ganoderma lucidum spore powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of freeze drying in S3 are as follows: first freeze at -20°C to -10°C for 6-10 hours, and then freeze dry at -45°C to -40°C for 20-24 hours.

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