Processing method of fresh dendrobium officinale powder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium officinale processing, in particular to a processing method of fresh dendrobium officinale powder, which comprises the following steps: (1) picking, (2) cleaning, (3) removing leaf sheaths, (4) cutting into sections and freeze-drying, (5) peeling, and (6) removing fibers. The dendrobium officinale powder prepared by the method fully retains the nutritional value of dendrobium officinale, is good in dispersity during brewing, meets the instant requirement, and is high in removal rate of fibers contained in the dendrobium officinale powder. The dendrobium powder has better activity, has high resistance in air, is easy to store, and has better solution stability when dispersed in water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of processing Dendrobium officinale, and in particular to a processing method of fresh powder of Dendrobium officinale. Background Art

[0002] Dendrobium officinale is a traditional precious Chinese medicinal material in China, which is included in pharmaceutical classics such as "Chinese Pharmacopoeia". Dendrobium officinale contains a variety of medicinal active ingredients and has biological effects such as anti-tumor and enhancing body immunity. Antioxidation: The flavonoid components in the stems, leaves and flowers of Dendrobium officinale have high antioxidant activity, especially the flavonoids in the flowers of Dendrobium officinale. Anti-tumor: Dendrobium officinale is expected to be further developed into an anti-tumor adjuvant drug, and its anti-tumor active substances are mainly polysaccharides. Regulating immune function: Dendrobium officinale enhances the body's immunity by enhancing the phagocytic function of macrophages and stimulating cells to produce cytokines. Intervening in metabolic syndrome: Dendrobium officinale has the effects of improving blood lipid, reducing blood pressure and regulating blood sugar. Dendrobium officinale also has pharmacological effects such as protecting the liver, anti-aging and improving Sjogren's syndrome.

[0003] In order to make full use of the value of Dendrobium officinale, fresh Dendrobium officinale is made into powder for brewing or medicine. The existing Dendrobium officinale powder is prone to agglomeration and not easily instant-soluble when brewing. The reason is that the powder contains more fibers, and the fibers mainly come from the Dendrobium officinale skin and the inner fibers of the stems. The leaf sheaths on the outer surface of the Dendrobium officinale stems also contain a large amount of fibers. In addition, the wax film naturally formed on the outer surface of the Dendrobium officinale stems is also an important reason for the difficulty in dissolving after powdering. Therefore, it is extremely important to study a production process of instant and convenient Dendrobium officinale powder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a processing method of fresh powder of Dendrobium officinale. Through targeted process design, fibers are removed during the processing of Dendrobium officinale to form Dendrobium officinale powder with high nutritional activity and extremely high nutritional value. The specific technical solutions are as follows: A processing method of fresh powder of Dendrobium officinale, comprising: (1) Picking Take two-year-old Dendrobium officinale branches, cut off the withered leaves, and collect for standby; (2) Cleaning Place the Dendrobium officinale branches into clean water, adjust the water temperature to 18 - 20°C, stir for 8 - 10 minutes, and take out the Dendrobium officinale and drain the water; (3) Removing leaf sheaths Pour the Dendrobium officinale branches into a device for removing sheaths by a roller, keep the temperature at 25 - 28°C, perform the leaf sheath removal treatment for 10 - 15 minutes, and remove residues through specific gravity classification screening; the device for removing sheaths by a roller can adopt a common food grinding device on the market, or can also adopt a special sheath-removing device such as that described in CN222134521U.

[0005] (4)Cut into sections and freeze-dry Cut the Dendrobium officinale stems into small sections, remove the nodes, and send them to the cold storage for freeze-drying; (5)Peel off the skin Put the Dendrobium officinale processed in the previous step into a peeling machine to peel off the skin and remove the wax film attached to the outer surface of the skin; (6)Remove fibers Process the peeled Dendrobium officinale into powder with 50 - 60 meshes by a pulverizer, put the powder into an ultrafine pulverizer and pulverize for 2 - 3 h, use an 80 - 100 mesh sieve to remove the coarse fibers, and leave the powder Q for standby; Mix the above-mentioned coarse fibers with water according to a mass ratio of 1:15, boil in a low-pressure environment, keep the boiling time for 1 - 2 min, keep warm for 10 - 12 min, continue to boil for 1 - 1.3 min, and take the supernatant to obtain solution A; Dilute the lower-layer turbid liquid by 8 - 9 times, put it into the freezer, quickly freeze it to a temperature of -50 °C, take out the solution, thaw it in a warm water bath, when the solution is completely liquefied, heat it to 60 - 70 °C in an atmospheric environment, stir for 4 - 5 min, heat it with microwave to make the solution temperature rise to 75 - 78 °C, keep warm for 20 - 30 min, take the supernatant while it is hot, and cool it to room temperature to obtain solution B; Dilute the obtained lower-layer turbid liquid by 3 - 5 times, at 50 - 53 °C, treat it with ultrasonic wave for 11 - 14 min, boil it for 2 - 3 min in a high-pressure environment, keep warm for 10 - 13 min, filter the solution by suction, wash the filter residue with 4 - 5 times distilled water, continue to filter by suction, and collect the filtrate to obtain solution C; Combine solution A, B, and C, dry them under reduced pressure to obtain mixture Z, mix it with powder Q, process it by a pulverizer, and screen it for semi-finished product detection and packaging to obtain the finished product.

[0006] Preferably, the low-pressure environment is 0.4 - 0.45 standard atmospheres.

[0007] Preferably, the cooling rate of the quick freezing is 5 - 8 °C / min.

[0008] Preferably, the microwave power is 400 - 500 W.

[0009] Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 800 - 900 W.

[0010] Preferably, the high-pressure environment is 2 - 2.3 standard atmospheres.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the present invention are reflected in: The Dendrobium officinale powder prepared by using the present invention fully retains the nutritional value of Dendrobium officinale, has good dispersibility during brewing, meets the requirements of instant dissolution, and has a high removal rate of fibers contained in the Dendrobium officinale powder. This makes the Dendrobium officinale powder have better activity, high resistance in the air, easy to store, and better solution stability when dispersed in water. Detailed implementation manners

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention will be further limited below in conjunction with specific implementation manners, but the scope of protection required is not limited only to the description made.

[0013] Example 1 A processing method for fresh Dendrobium officinale powder includes: (1) Picking Take the two-year-old Dendrobium officinale branches, cut off the withered leaves, and collect for standby; (2) Cleaning Place the Dendrobium officinale branches into clean water, adjust the water temperature to 18°C, stir for 8 minutes, and take out the Dendrobium officinale and drain the water; (3) Removing leaf sheaths Pour the Dendrobium officinale branches into the equipment for removing leaf sheaths by a roller, keep the temperature at 25°C, perform the leaf sheath removal treatment for 10 minutes, and remove the residues by specific gravity grading and screening; (4) Segmenting and freeze-drying Cut the Dendrobium officinale branches into small segments, remove the nodes, and send them to the cold storage for freeze-drying; (5) Peeling Put the Dendrobium officinale processed in the previous step into a peeling machine for peeling to remove the wax film attached to the outer surface of the skin; (6) Removing fibers Process the peeled Dendrobium officinale into a 50-mesh powder by a pulverizer, put the powder into an ultrafine pulverizer and pulverize for 2 hours, remove the coarse fibers with an 80-mesh sieve, and leave the powder Q for standby; Mix the above-mentioned coarse fibers with water according to a mass ratio of 1:15, boil in a low-pressure environment, keep the boiling time for 1 minute, keep warm for 10 minutes, continue to boil for 1 minute, and take the supernatant to obtain solution A; Dilute the lower-layer turbid liquid by 8 times, put it into the freezer, quickly freeze it to a temperature of -50°C, take out the solution, thaw it in a warm water bath, when the solution is completely liquefied, heat it to 60°C in an atmospheric environment, stir for 4 minutes, heat it with microwave to raise the solution temperature to 75°C, keep warm for 20 minutes, take the supernatant while it is hot, and cool it to room temperature to obtain solution B; dilute the obtained lower-layer turbid liquid by 3 times, at 50°C, perform ultrasonic treatment for 11 minutes, boil for 2 minutes in a high-pressure environment, keep warm for 10 minutes, filter the solution, wash the filter residue with 4 times distilled water, continue to filter, and collect the filtrate to obtain solution C; Combine solutions A, B, and C, dry them under reduced pressure to obtain mixture Z, mix it with powder Q, process it with a pulverizer, screen it, conduct semi-finished product inspection, and then package it to obtain the finished product.

[0014] The low-pressure environment is 0.4 standard atmospheres; the cooling rate of the rapid freezing is 5 °C / min; the microwave power is 400 W; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 800 W; the high-pressure environment is 2 standard atmospheres.

[0015] Example 2 A processing method for fresh powder of Dendrobium officinale, comprising: (1) Picking Take two-year-old Dendrobium officinale branches, cut off the withered leaves, and collect them for standby; (2) Cleaning Place the Dendrobium officinale branches in clean water, adjust the water temperature to 20 °C, stir for 10 min, then take out the Dendrobium officinale and drain the water; (3) Removing leaf sheaths Pour the Dendrobium officinale branches into the equipment for removing sheaths by a roller, keep the temperature at 28 °C, conduct the leaf sheath removal treatment for 15 min, and remove the residues by specific gravity classification and screening; (4) Cutting into sections and freeze-drying Cut the Dendrobium officinale branches into small sections, remove the nodes, and send them to the cold storage for freeze-drying; (5) Peeling Put the Dendrobium officinale processed in the previous step into a peeling machine for peeling to remove the wax film attached to the outer surface of the skin; (6) Removing fibers Process the peeled Dendrobium officinale into a 60-mesh powder with a pulverizer, put the powder into an ultrafine pulverizer and pulverize it for 3 h, use a 100-mesh sieve to remove the coarse fibers, and leave the powder Q for standby; Mix the above-mentioned coarse fibers with water according to a mass ratio of 1:15, boil them in a low-pressure environment, keep the boiling time for 2 min, keep warm for 12 min, continue boiling for 1.3 min, and take the supernatant to obtain solution A; Dilute the lower-layer turbid liquid by 9 times, put it into the freezer, rapidly freeze it to a temperature of -50 °C, take out the solution, thaw it in a warm water bath, when the solution is completely liquefied, heat it to 70 °C in an atmospheric environment, stir for 5 min, heat it with microwave to raise the solution temperature to 78 °C, keep warm for 30 min, take the supernatant while it is hot, and cool it to room temperature to obtain solution B; Dilute the obtained lower-layer turbid liquid by 3 times, treat it with ultrasonic waves at 50 °C for 14 min, boil it for 3 min in a high-pressure environment, keep warm for 13 min, filter the solution, wash the filter residue with 5 times distilled water, continue filtering, and collect the filtrate to obtain solution C; Combine solutions A, B, and C, dry them under reduced pressure to obtain mixture Z, mix it with powder Q, process it with a pulverizer, screen it, conduct semi-finished product inspection, and then package it to obtain the finished product; The low-pressure environment is 0.45 standard atmospheric pressures; the cooling rate of the rapid freezing is 8 °C / min; the microwave power is 500 W; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 900 W; the high-pressure environment is 2.3 standard atmospheric pressures.

[0016] Example 3 A processing method of fresh Dendrobium officinale powder, comprising: (1) Picking Taking two-year-old Dendrobium officinale branches, cutting off the withered leaves, and collecting for standby; (2) Cleaning Placing the Dendrobium officinale branches into clean water, adjusting the water temperature to 19 °C, stirring for 9 min, fishing out the Dendrobium officinale and draining the water; (3) Removing leaf sheaths Pouring the Dendrobium officinale branches into the equipment for removing sheaths by a roller, keeping the temperature at 27 °C, performing the leaf sheath removal treatment for 15 min, and removing residues by specific gravity grading and screening; (4) Segmenting and freeze-drying Cutting the Dendrobium officinale branches into small segments, removing the joints, and sending them to a cold storage for freeze-drying; (5) Peeling Putting the Dendrobium officinale processed in the previous step into a peeling machine for peeling to remove the wax film attached to the outer surface of the skin; (6) Removing fibers Processing the peeled Dendrobium officinale into 60-mesh powder by a pulverizer, putting the powder into an ultrafine pulverizer for pulverizing for 2 h, removing coarse fibers with a 100-mesh sieve, and leaving the powder Q for standby; Mixing the above-mentioned coarse fibers and water according to a mass ratio of 1:15, boiling in a low-pressure environment, keeping the boiling time for 2 min, keeping warm for 10 min, continuing to boil for 1.3 min, and taking the supernatant to obtain solution A; Diluting the lower-layer turbid liquid by 9 times, putting it into a freezer, rapidly freezing to a temperature of -50 °C, taking out the solution, thawing it in a warm water bath, when the solution is completely liquefied, heating it to 70 °C in an atmospheric environment, stirring for 4 min, heating it with microwave to raise the solution temperature to 78 °C, keeping warm for 20 min, taking the supernatant while it is hot, cooling it to room temperature to obtain solution B; diluting the obtained lower-layer turbid liquid by 5 times, treating it with ultrasonic wave for 14 min at 50 °C, boiling for 2 min in a high-pressure environment, keeping warm for 13 min, filtering the solution, washing the filter residue with 4 times distilled water, continuing to filter, and collecting the filtrate to obtain solution C; Combining solution A, B, and C, performing vacuum drying to obtain mixture Z, mixing it with powder Q, processing it by a pulverizer, screening, and performing semi-finished product detection and packaging to obtain the finished product.

[0017] The low-pressure environment is 0.45 standard atmospheric pressures; the cooling rate of the rapid freezing is 5°C / min; the microwave power is 500 W; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 800 W; the high-pressure environment is 2.3 standard atmospheric pressures.

[0018] Experimental example Design Comparative Example 1, referring to Example 1, but in step (6), the initial fiber is not extracted. Specifically as follows: A processing method for fresh Dendrobium officinale powder. Take two-year-old Dendrobium officinale branches, cut off the withered leaves, and collect for standby; place the Dendrobium officinale branches in clear water, adjust the water temperature to 18°C, stir for 8 min, take out the Dendrobium officinale and drain the water; pour the Dendrobium officinale branches into the equipment for removing leaf sheaths of the roller, keep the temperature at 25°C, and perform the leaf sheath removal treatment for 10 min, and remove the residues by specific gravity grading and screening; cut the Dendrobium officinale branches into small sections, remove the nodes, and send them to the cold storage for freeze-drying; put the processed Dendrobium officinale into a peeling machine to remove the skin and remove the wax film attached to the outer surface of the skin; process the peeled Dendrobium officinale into 50-mesh powder with a pulverizer, pulverize the powder with an ultrafine pulverizer for 2 h, remove the coarse fibers with an 80-mesh sieve, and leave the powder for standby; the powder is processed by a pulverizer, screened and subjected to semi-finished product inspection and packaging to obtain the finished product.

[0019] Dendrobium officinale powder was prepared according to Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 respectively. The dispersibility experiments were carried out on the powders of each group. The Dendrobium officinale powder and water at 80°C were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3, and the dispersion time of each group was observed; the solutions after dispersion of each group were sealed and stored, and left standing at 30°C, and the time when precipitation appeared in the solution system was observed. 3 g of the powder of each group was placed in a clean beaker, sealed with filter paper at the mouth of the beaker, and placed in a room at 25°C for 35 days, and the state of the Dendrobium officinale powder was observed.

[0020] It can be seen from the table that the Dendrobium officinale powder of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3 has good dispersibility after being dissolved in water, and the differences among the groups are not obvious. However, Comparative Example 1 lacks the operation of water extraction in the fiber, the stability of the Dendrobium officinale solution is poor, flocculent precipitation appears in the solution after 3 days of placement, and the Dendrobium officinale powder is prone to agglomeration and color change under the condition of not being sealed for a long time, and is more likely to deteriorate. Obviously, through the extraction and retention of a large number of active components in Dendrobium officinale during fiber removal, the Dendrobium officinale powder of the present invention is more stable and has better storage antioxidant properties.

Claims

1. A method for processing fresh Dendrobium officinale powder, characterized in that: include: (1) Picking Take two-year-old Dendrobium officinale branches, cut off the dead leaves, and collect them for later use; (2) Cleaning Place the branches of Dendrobium officinale in clean water, adjust the water temperature to 18-20℃, stir for 8-10 minutes, remove the Dendrobium officinale and drain the water; (3) Removing leaf sheaths Pour the branches of Dendrobium officinale into the drum desheathing equipment, maintain the temperature at 25-28°C, desheath for 10-15 minutes, and remove the residue by gravity classification screening; (4) Cut and freeze-dry Cut the branches of Dendrobium officinale into small pieces, remove the nodes, and send them to the cold storage for freeze-drying; (5) Peeling Put the processed Dendrobium officinale in the previous step into a peeling machine to peel and remove the wax film attached to the surface of the skin; (6) Defiberization Process the peeled dendrobium into 50-60 mesh powder with a grinder, put the powder into an ultrafine grinder and grind it for 2-3 hours, remove the coarse fiber with an 80-100 mesh sieve, and leave the powder Q for later use; The crude fiber and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:15, boiled under low pressure, kept boiling for 1-2 minutes, kept warm for 10-12 minutes, continued boiling for 1-1.3 minutes, and the supernatant was taken to obtain solution A; The lower turbid liquid was diluted 8-9 times, placed in a freezer, and rapidly frozen to a temperature of minus 50°C. The solution was taken out and thawed in a warm water bath. When the solution was completely liquefied, it was heated to 60-70°C in a normal pressure environment, stirred for 4-5 minutes, and heated with a microwave to raise the solution temperature to 75-78°C. The solution was kept warm for 20-30 minutes. The supernatant was taken while hot and cooled to room temperature to obtain solution B. The obtained lower turbid liquid was diluted 3-5 times, treated with ultrasound at 50-53°C for 11-14 minutes, boiled for 2-3 minutes under a high pressure environment, and kept warm for 10-13 minutes. The solution was filtered, and the residue was washed with 4-5 times distilled water. The filtration was continued, and the filtrate was collected to obtain solution C. The solutions A, B and C are combined and dried under reduced pressure to obtain a mixture Z, which is mixed with the powder Q and processed by a pulverizer, sieved, tested for semi-finished products, and packaged to obtain the finished product.

2. The method for processing fresh Dendrobium officinale powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low pressure environment is 0.4-0.45 standard atmospheric pressure.

3. The method for processing fresh Dendrobium officinale powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling rate of the rapid freezing is 5-8°C / min.

4. The method for processing fresh Dendrobium officinale powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave power is 400-500W.

5. The method for processing fresh Dendrobium officinale powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the ultrasonic wave is 800-900W.

6. The method for processing fresh Dendrobium officinale powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high pressure environment is 2-2.3 standard atmospheric pressure.

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