Leaching device for grazing grassland soil nutrient detection

Abstract

The invention discloses an extraction device for grazing grassland soil nutrient detection, and relates to the technical field of soil detection.The extraction device comprises a base, an oscillation mechanism, a feeding assembly, a filter screen piece, a filter membrane piece, a placement frame, a collection bottle and a driving mechanism, and the oscillation mechanism, the placement frame and the driving mechanism are fixedly arranged on the base; a feeding assembly is installed at the output end of the driving mechanism, a plurality of collecting bottles are installed on the containing frame, the filter membrane part can be clamped to the containing frame in a sealed mode, the filter screen part can be clamped to the filter membrane part in a sealed mode, the filter screen part can be clamped into the feeding assembly in a sealed and sliding mode, and the feeding assembly comprises a feeding base, a feeding cylinder, a cover plate and a bottom plate mechanism. A plurality of feeding cylinders are circumferentially and fixedly arranged on the feeding seat, a cover plate is arranged at the tops of the feeding cylinders in a sealing manner, and a feeding pipe, a gas conveying pipe and a liquid adding pipe are fixedly arranged on the cover plate; the extraction step is further simplified, so that the extraction operation of the soil is quicker and more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and specifically, it is an extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in grazing grasslands. Background Art

[0002] The extraction device for soil nutrient detection extracts available nutrients in the soil by chemical methods, providing a scientific basis for evaluating grassland fertility, guiding fertilization, and formulating grazing management strategies.

[0003] Among them, the steps for soil extraction mainly include adding soil samples and extractants in equal proportions to the extraction device, then performing oscillation, and after oscillation, filtering to obtain a clear liquid. When performing extraction, generally multiple sampling points need to be selected for extraction, and different extractants need to be added for different soil components. Most traditional extraction devices are single-type extraction devices, which makes it necessary to frequently replace the filter screen and rinse the extraction device during extraction, greatly slowing down the soil detection efficiency. Moreover, the replacement of the filter screen of traditional extraction devices is relatively complex, which further reduces the soil detection efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in grazing grasslands to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in grazing grasslands, including a base, an oscillation mechanism, a feeding assembly, a filter screen member, a filter membrane member, a placement rack, a collection bottle, and a driving mechanism. Among them, the oscillation mechanism, the placement rack, and the driving mechanism are fixedly arranged on the base. The output end of the driving mechanism is equipped with the feeding assembly. A plurality of collection bottles are installed on the placement rack. The filter membrane member can be hermetically clamped on the placement rack. The filter screen member can be hermetically clamped with the filter membrane member, and the filter screen member can be hermetically slid into the feeding assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a feeding base, a feeding cylinder, a cover plate, and a bottom plate mechanism. Among them, a plurality of feeding cylinders are fixedly arranged in a circular pattern on the feeding base. The top of the feeding cylinder is hermetically provided with a cover plate. The cover plate is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe, an air delivery pipe, and a liquid addition pipe. A bottom plate mechanism is hermetically slidably arranged in the feeding cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom plate mechanism includes a fixed seat, a fixed plate, a first ring seat, a second ring seat, a sealing plate, a connecting block, and a sliding bar. Among them, a plurality of fixed plates are evenly arranged in a circle on the fixed seat. The top of the fixed plate is triangular. The first ring seat and the second ring seat are respectively sealed and rotatably arranged inside and outside the fixed seat. A plurality of sealing plates are fixedly arranged in a circle between the first ring seat and the second ring seat. A sealing groove for the sealing sliding of the sealing plate is opened on the fixed plate. There are two sliding bars, and the two sliding bars are fixedly connected to the fixed seat through two connecting blocks.

[0008] Preferably, an annular cavity is opened in the feeding cylinder, and a stepped connecting groove is opened between the annular cavity and the feeding cylinder;

[0009] A pushing ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding bar. The pushing ring seals and slides along the annular cavity. The connecting block and the sliding bar limit and seal and slide along the connecting groove, and the sliding bar can seal the connecting groove. The fixed seat seals and slides along the inner side of the feeding cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a conical rack is fixedly arranged on the second ring seat. A rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat. The rotating shaft penetrates the fixed seat. A conical gear and a driving gear are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft. The conical gear meshes with the conical rack;

[0011] A sliding groove for the sliding of the driving gear is opened in the feeding cylinder. A straight rack is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove. The straight rack meshes with the driving gear.

[0012] Preferably, two guide rods are fixedly arranged in the annular cavity;

[0013] A guide groove is opened in the sliding bar. The guide rod slides along the guide groove, and a spring is arranged between the sliding bar and the feeding cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the filter member includes a sliding sleeve, a filter seat, a filter screen, a clamping block, and a sealing strip. Among them, the sliding sleeve seals and slides along the annular cavity and can push the pushing ring to slide. Two sealing strips are fixedly arranged in the sliding sleeve. The sealing strips seal and slide along the connecting groove, and the sealing strips can be in sealing fit with the sliding bar. A clamping block is fixedly arranged on the sealing strip. The clamping block can seal and slide along the connecting groove. The filter seat is fixedly arranged on the clamping block. A filter screen is fixedly arranged in the filter seat. The filter seat can seal and slide along the inner side of the feeding cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a rotating base, a rotating rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, and a spherical block. Among them, the rotating base is fixedly arranged on the base, the output end of the rotating base is fixedly provided with a rotating rod in the horizontal direction, the output end of the rotating rod is fixedly provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod in the vertical direction, and the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly provided with a spherical block.

[0016] Preferably, a spherical limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the spherical block. A T-shaped plate is slidably arranged in the spherical block through hydraulic drive, and the T-shaped plate can protrude from the spherical block.

[0017] A connecting platform is fixedly arranged at the top of the feeding cylinder. A spherical groove one and a spherical groove two are formed in the connecting platform. The spherical block and the limiting plate rotate along the spherical groove one and the spherical groove two respectively. A receiving groove for receiving the T-shaped plate is formed at the bottom of the connecting platform, and the bottom surface of the receiving groove coincides with the upper surface of the feeding base.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in grazing grasslands, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Through the setting of the bottom plate mechanism of the present invention, the filter element can be connected to the feeding cylinder to form an integral body only by sliding, and can be disassembled, cleaned or replaced after a single extraction operation is completed by sliding, thereby reducing the time spent on filter replacement. At the same time, a driving mechanism is provided, so that the driving mechanism can drive the feeding assembly to realize automatic oscillation and filtration, thereby effectively improving the detection efficiency of the soil. In addition, the bottom plate mechanism has two states, namely a closed state and an open state, so that the feeding cylinder can be sealed during oscillation to prevent the leakage of the soil-liquid mixture. At the same time, during filtration, the soil-liquid mixture can pass through the bottom plate mechanism and flow through the filter element and the filter membrane element for filtration, further simplifying the extraction steps and making the extraction operation of the soil faster and more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding assembly in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding cylinder in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic enlarged view of the structure of part A in

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting platform in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the fixing plate in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the sealing plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the filter element in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the spherical block in the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1, base; 2, oscillation mechanism; 3, feeding assembly; 31, feeding seat; 32, feeding cylinder; 321, annular cavity; 322, connecting groove; 323, sliding groove; 324, straight rack; 325, guide rod; 326, connecting platform; 327, spherical groove one; 328, spherical groove two; 329, receiving groove; 33, cover plate; 331, feeding pipe; 332, gas transmission pipe; 333, liquid adding pipe; 34, bottom plate mechanism; 341, fixing seat; 3411, rotating shaft; 3412, bevel gear; 3413, driving gear; 342, fixing plate; 343, first ring seat; 344, second ring seat; 3441, bevel rack; 345, sealing plate; 346, connecting block; 347, sliding strip; 348, pushing ring; 4, filter element; 41, sliding sleeve; 42, filter seat; 43, filter screen; 44, clamping block; 45, sealing strip; 5, filter membrane element; 6, placing rack; 7, collecting bottle; 8, driving mechanism; 81, rotating seat; 82, rotating rod; 83, hydraulic telescopic rod; 84, spherical block; 841, limiting plate; 842, T-shaped plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , in an embodiment of the present invention, an extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland includes a base 1, an oscillation mechanism 2, a feeding assembly 3, a filter element 4, a filter membrane element 5, a placing rack 6, a collecting bottle 7, and a driving mechanism 8. Among them, an oscillation mechanism 2, a placing rack 6, and a driving mechanism 8 are fixedly arranged on the base 1. The output end of the driving mechanism 8 is provided with a feeding assembly 3. A plurality of collecting bottles 7 are installed on the placing rack 6. The filter membrane element 5 can be hermetically clamped on the placing rack 6. The filter element 4 can be hermetically clamped with the filter membrane element 5, and the filter element 4 can be hermetically slid into the feeding assembly 3;

[0031] The feeding assembly 3 includes a feeding seat 31, a feeding cylinder 32, a cover plate 33, and a bottom plate mechanism 34. Among them, a plurality of feeding cylinders 32 are fixedly arranged in a circumferential manner on the feeding seat 31. The top of the feeding cylinder 32 is hermetically provided with a cover plate 33. A feeding pipe 331, a gas transmission pipe 332, and a liquid adding pipe 333 are fixedly arranged on the cover plate 33. A bottom plate mechanism 34 is hermetically slidably arranged in the feeding cylinder 32;

[0032] The bottom plate mechanism 34 includes a fixed seat 341, a fixed plate 342, a first ring seat 343, a second ring seat 344, a sealing plate 345, a connecting block 346, and a sliding bar 347. Among them, a plurality of fixed plates 342 are evenly arranged in a circle on the fixed seat 341. The top of the fixed plate 342 is triangular. The first ring seat 343 and the second ring seat 344 are respectively sealed and rotatably arranged inside and outside the fixed seat 341. A plurality of sealing plates 345 are fixedly arranged in a circle between the first ring seat 343 and the second ring seat 344. A sealing groove for the sealing sliding of the sealing plate 345 is opened on the fixed plate 342. Two sliding bars 347 are provided, and the two sliding bars 347 are fixedly connected to the fixed seat 341 through the two connecting blocks 346;

[0033] Please refer to Figure 6 , the top of the fixed plate 342 is set to be triangular, so that the soil-liquid mixture can flow from both sides of the fixed plate 342 and pass through the gap between the fixed plates 342 into the sliding sleeve 41. At the same time, both the fixed plate 342 and the sealing plate 345 are arc-shaped plates, and the arc angle of the fixed plate 342 is larger than the arc angle of the sealing plate 345, so that the same sealing plate 345 can be respectively connected to two adjacent fixed plates 342, thereby realizing the closing of the bottom plate mechanism 34;

[0034] An annular cavity 321 is opened in the feeding cylinder 32, and a stepped connecting groove 322 is opened between the annular cavity 321 and the feeding cylinder 32;

[0035] A pushing ring 348 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding bar 347. The pushing ring 348 seals and slides along the annular cavity 321. The connecting block 346 and the sliding bar 347 limit and seal and slide along the connecting groove 322, and the sliding bar 347 can seal the connecting groove 322. The fixed seat 341 seals and slides along the inner side of the feeding cylinder 32;

[0036] A bevel gear rack 3441 is fixedly arranged on the second ring seat 344. A rotating shaft 3411 is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat 341. The rotating shaft 3411 penetrates the fixed seat 341. A bevel gear 3412 and a driving gear 3413 are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 3411. The bevel gear 3412 meshes with the bevel gear rack 3441;

[0037] A sliding groove 323 for the sliding of the driving gear 3413 is opened in the feeding cylinder 32. A straight gear rack 324 is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove 323. The straight gear rack 324 meshes with the driving gear 3413;

[0038] Two guide rods 325 are fixedly arranged in the annular cavity 321;

[0039] A guide groove is formed in the slide bar 347, the guide rod 325 slides along the guide groove, and a spring is arranged between the slide bar 347 and the feeding cylinder 32.

[0040] In the initial state, under the action of the spring, the bottom plate mechanism 34 is pushed to the bottom of the feeding cylinder 32. At the same time, the bottom plate mechanism 34 itself is in a closed state, and the spring is always in a compressed state, that is, the bottom plate mechanism 34 always has a downward thrust, thereby ensuring that the bottom plate mechanism 34 is always in a closed state without being pushed by the sliding sleeve 41 and forms a sealed whole with the feeding cylinder 32, so as to avoid the leakage of the soil-liquid mixture during the oscillation process.

[0041] During implementation, the soil sample and the extractant are added to the feeding barrel 32 through the feeding tube 331 and the liquid adding tube 333 respectively. At this time, according to the specific detection needs, different soil samples can be added to multiple feeding barrels 32 for extraction, or a portion of the soil sample can be added to different feeding barrels 32 and then different extractants can be added for extraction, thereby accelerating the efficiency of soil detection. Subsequently, the feeding component 3 is placed on the oscillation mechanism 2 for oscillation by using the driving mechanism 8. During this process, a corresponding number of collecting bottles 7 are placed on the placement rack 6 according to the extraction needs, and a corresponding number of filter screen components 4 and filter membrane components 5 are clamped at the same time. Subsequently, the driving mechanism 8 is used to raise and rotate the feeding component 3 to the top of the placement rack 6, and then the feeding component 3 is pressed down. 3, so that the bottom of the feeding seat 31 is in contact with the placement rack 6. During this process, the sliding sleeve 41 will be stuck in the annular cavity 321 and slide along the annular cavity 321 in a sealed manner. At the same time, the sliding sleeve 41 will push the push ring 348 to slide, so that the bottom plate mechanism 34 slides upward. At this time, the driving gear 3413 can rotate under the action of the spur rack 324, thereby driving the bevel gear 3412 to rotate, so that the ring seat 344 rotates, and then the sealing plate 345 rotates and slides into the sealing groove in a sealed manner, so that the bottom plate mechanism 34 is in an open and closed state. At this time, the soil-liquid mixture will pass through the bottom plate mechanism 34 and contact the filter element 4, and then continue to press down the feeding seat 31. The feeding assembly 3 is inserted into the feeding seat 31 so that the feeding seat 31 contacts the placement rack 6. At this time, the filter element 4 will completely slide into the feeding barrel 32 and form a whole with the feeding barrel 32. At the same time, the feeding barrel 32, the filter element 4, the filter membrane element 5 and the collecting bottle 7 will be sealed and connected to form a whole. At this time, gas is injected into the feeding barrel 32 through the air supply pipe 332, so that the internal air pressure of the feeding barrel 32 increases, thereby making the soil-liquid mixture pass through the filter element 4 and the filter membrane element 5 faster. In this process, large particles in the soil-liquid mixture will be filtered by the filter 43, and then filtered by the filter membrane element 5 to obtain clear liquid, completing an extraction work. Subsequently, the feeding assembly 3 is lifted upward by the driving mechanism 8. In this process, The sleeve 41 will detach from the feeding barrel 32, and the bottom plate mechanism 34 will slide down along the annular cavity 321 under the action of the spring. During this process, the filtered soil residue will remain on the upper part of the filter screen 43 and in the space formed by the filter membrane component 5 and the sleeve 41. Then the feeding assembly 3 is rotated and removed, and the filter membrane component 5 and the filter screen component 4 are removed from the placement rack 6. The collection bottle 7 is collected and a new collection bottle 7 is placed. The filter membrane in the filter membrane component 5 is replaced, the filter screen component 4 is rinsed or replaced, the feeding barrel 32 is rinsed, and then the next extraction work is carried out. During this process, the filter screen component 4 and the filter membrane component 5 can be quickly disassembled and replaced, thereby reducing the time for filter screen replacement and further improving the soil detection efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 8, the filter member 4 includes a sliding sleeve 41, a filter base 42, a filter screen 43, a clamping block 44, and a sealing strip 45. Among them, the sliding sleeve 41 slides sealingly along the annular cavity 321 and can push the push ring 348 to slide. Two sealing strips 45 are fixedly arranged in the sliding sleeve 41. The sealing strip 45 slides sealingly along the connecting groove 322, and the sealing strip 45 can be in sealing fit with the sliding strip 347. A clamping block 44 is fixedly arranged on the sealing strip 45. The clamping block 44 can slide sealingly along the connecting groove 322. The filter base 42 is fixedly arranged on the clamping block 44. A filter screen 43 is fixedly arranged in the filter base 42. The filter base 42 can slide sealingly along the inner side of the feeding cylinder 32.

[0043] It should be noted that the filter base 42 is arranged at the middle position of the sliding sleeve 41. Thus, when the sliding sleeve 41 abuts against the bottom plate mechanism 34, there is an accommodation space between the filter screen 43 and the bottom plate mechanism 34. This space can just accommodate large particulate matter. After the filter membrane member 5 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding sleeve 41, there is also an accommodation space between the filter membrane member 5 and the filter screen 43. This part of the space can accommodate the remaining impurities. Thus, after the leaching work is completed, the filtered soil residues can be taken out of the feeding cylinder 32 as the filter member 4 slides, which further facilitates the cleaning of the feeding cylinder 32 and the filter member 4.

[0044] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 8 includes a rotating seat 81, a rotating rod 82, a hydraulic telescopic rod 83, and a spherical block 84. Among them, the rotating seat 81 is fixedly arranged on the base 1. The output end of the rotating seat 81 is fixedly provided with a rotating rod 82 in the horizontal direction. The output end of the rotating rod 82 is fixedly provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod 83 in the vertical direction. The output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 83 is fixedly provided with a spherical block 84;

[0045] Particularly, the power source for the rotation of the rotating seat 81 along the base 1 is an external driving mechanism, such as direct drive by a motor, a gear and rack mechanism, and a ball screw;

[0046] A spherical limiting plate 841 is fixedly arranged on the spherical block 84. A T-shaped plate 842 is slidably arranged in the spherical block 84 by hydraulic drive, and the T-shaped plate 842 can protrude from the spherical block 84;

[0047] A connecting platform 326 is fixedly arranged at the top of the feeding cylinder 32. A spherical groove one 327 and a spherical groove two 328 are formed in the connecting platform 326. The spherical block 84 and the limiting plate 841 rotate along the spherical groove one 327 and the spherical groove two 328 respectively. An accommodation groove 329 for accommodating the T-shaped plate 842 is formed at the bottom of the connecting platform 326, and the bottom surface of the accommodation groove 329 coincides with the upper surface of the feeding base 31.

[0048] During implementation, in the initial state, the T-shaped plate 842 is snapped into the receiving groove 329. At the same time, the bottom surface of the T-shaped plate 842 coincides with the upper surface of the feeding seat 31, so that the feeding assembly 3 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 83 are fixedly and vertically connected. Subsequently, after the feeding assembly 3 is placed on the oscillating mechanism 2, the T-shaped plate 842 is retracted, enabling the spherical block 84 to rotate along the first spherical groove 327, and at the same time, the hydraulic telescopic rod 83 can slide up and down. Therefore, when the oscillating mechanism 2 oscillates the feeding assembly 3, the connection between the feeding assembly 3 and the driving mechanism 8 will not be affected. After the oscillation is completed, the T-shaped plate 842 can vertically lock the hydraulic telescopic rod 83 and the feeding assembly 3 again, facilitating the movement of the feeding assembly 3 above the placement rack 6 and applying a downward pressure thereto, thus realizing automatic oscillation and automatic filtration work, and effectively improving the detection efficiency of the soil.

[0049] In summary, during the implementation of the present invention, through the setting of the bottom plate mechanism 34, the filter element 4 can be connected to the feeding cylinder 32 to form an integral body only by sliding, and can be disassembled, cleaned or replaced after one leaching operation by sliding, thereby reducing the time spent on filter replacement. At the same time, the driving mechanism 8 is provided, enabling the driving mechanism 8 to drive the feeding assembly 3 to achieve automatic oscillation and filtration, thus effectively accelerating the detection efficiency of the soil. In addition, the bottom plate mechanism 34 has two states, namely, a closed state and an open state, which can seal the feeding cylinder 32 during oscillation to prevent the leakage of the soil-liquid mixture, and enable the soil-liquid mixture to pass through the bottom plate mechanism 34 and flow through the filter element 4 and the filter membrane element 5 for filtration during filtration, further simplifying the leaching steps and making the leaching operation of the soil faster and more convenient.

[0050] The above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in grazing grasslands, characterized in that, It includes a base (1), a vibration mechanism (2), a feeding assembly (3), a filter screen member (4), a filter membrane member (5), a placement rack (6), a collection bottle (7), and a driving mechanism (8). Among them, the vibration mechanism (2), the placement rack (6), and the driving mechanism (8) are fixedly arranged on the base (1). The output end of the driving mechanism (8) is equipped with the feeding assembly (3). A plurality of collection bottles (7) are installed on the placement rack (6). The filter membrane member (5) can be hermetically clamped on the placement rack (6). The filter screen member (4) can be hermetically clamped with the filter membrane member (5), and the filter screen member (4) can be hermetically and slidably inserted into the feeding assembly (3).

2. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (3) includes a feeding base (31), a feeding cylinder (32), a cover plate (33), and a bottom plate mechanism (34). Among them, a plurality of feeding cylinders (32) are fixedly arranged in a circle on the feeding base (31). The top of the feeding cylinder (32) is hermetically provided with the cover plate (33). A feeding pipe (331), a gas transmission pipe (332), and a liquid adding pipe (333) are fixedly arranged on the cover plate (33). A bottom plate mechanism (34) is hermetically and slidably arranged in the feeding cylinder (32).

3. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom plate mechanism (34) includes a fixed seat (341), a fixed plate (342), a first ring seat (343), a second ring seat (344), a sealing plate (345), a connecting block (346), and a sliding bar (347). Among them, a plurality of fixed plates (342) are evenly arranged in a circle on the fixed seat (341). The top of the fixed plate (342) is triangular. The first ring seat (343) and the second ring seat (344) are respectively hermetically and rotatably arranged on the inner and outer sides of the fixed seat (341). A plurality of sealing plates (345) are fixedly arranged in a circle between the first ring seat (343) and the second ring seat (344). A sealing groove for the sealing and sliding of the sealing plate (345) is opened on the fixed plate (342). There are two sliding bars (347), and the two sliding bars (347) are fixedly connected to the fixed seat (341) through the two connecting blocks (346).

4. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 3, characterized in that, An annular cavity (321) is opened in the feeding cylinder (32), and a stepped connecting groove (322) is opened between the annular cavity (321) and the feeding cylinder (32). A pushing ring (348) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding bar (347). The pushing ring (348) hermetically slides along the annular cavity (321). The connecting block (346) and the sliding bar (347) are hermetically and slidably limited along the connecting groove (322), and the sliding bar (347) can seal the connecting groove (322). The fixed seat (341) hermetically slides along the inner side of the feeding cylinder (32).

5. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 3, characterized in that, A bevel gear rack (3441) is fixedly arranged on the ring seat two (344). A rotating shaft (3411) is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat (341). The rotating shaft (3411) penetrates through the fixed seat (341). A bevel gear (3412) and a driving gear (3413) are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft (3411). The bevel gear (3412) meshes with the bevel gear rack (3441). A sliding groove (323) for the driving gear (3413) to slide is formed in the feeding cylinder (32). A straight gear rack (324) is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove (323). The straight gear rack (324) meshes with the driving gear (3413).

6. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two guide rods (325) are fixedly arranged in the annular cavity (321). A guide groove is formed in the sliding strip (347). The guide rod (325) slides along the guide groove. A spring is arranged between the sliding strip (347) and the feeding cylinder (32).

7. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in grazing grasslands according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter element (4) includes a sliding sleeve (41), a filter seat (42), a filter screen (43), a clamping block (44) and a sealing strip (45). Among them, the sliding sleeve (41) seals and slides along the annular cavity (321) and can push the push ring (348) to slide. Two sealing strips (45) are fixedly arranged in the sliding sleeve (41). The sealing strip (45) seals and slides along the connecting groove (322). The sealing strip (45) can be in sealing fit with the sliding strip (347). A clamping block (44) is fixedly arranged on the sealing strip (45). The clamping block (44) can seal and slide along the connecting groove (322). The filter seat (42) is fixedly arranged on the clamping block (44). A filter screen (43) is fixedly arranged in the filter seat (42). The filter seat (42) can seal and slide along the inner side of the feeding cylinder (32).

8. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (8) includes a rotating seat (81), a rotating rod (82), a hydraulic telescopic rod (83) and a spherical block (84). Among them, the rotating seat (81) is fixedly arranged on the base (1). The output end of the rotating seat (81) is fixedly provided with a rotating rod (82) in the horizontal direction. The output end of the rotating rod (82) is fixedly provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod (83) in the vertical direction. The output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (83) is fixedly provided with a spherical block (84).

9. An extraction device for detecting soil nutrients in a grazing grassland according to claim 8, characterized in that, A spherical limiting plate (841) is fixedly arranged on the spherical block (84). A T-shaped plate (842) is slidably arranged in the spherical block (84) through hydraulic drive. The T-shaped plate (842) can protrude from the spherical block (84). A connecting platform (326) is fixedly arranged at the top of the feeding cylinder (32). A first spherical groove (327) and a second spherical groove (328) are formed in the connecting platform (326). The spherical block (84) and the limiting plate (841) rotate along the first spherical groove (327) and the second spherical groove (328) respectively. A receiving groove (329) for receiving the T-shaped plate (842) is formed at the bottom of the connecting platform (326), and the bottom surface of the receiving groove (329) coincides with the upper surface of the feeding base (31).

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