Classification treatment system and process for stale garbage

Abstract

The invention discloses a stale garbage classification treatment system and process. The system comprises a crushing treatment module, a sorting treatment module and a sludge treatment module, and all-component efficient separation of stale garbage is achieved through linkage of a bag breaking and shredding machine, a plate hammer crusher, a hydraulic sorting machine, an organic matter sorting machine, a metal sorting machine, a winnowing machine, a sewage treatment system and other equipment. The process comprises the steps of crushing, hydraulic separation, metal separation, light material multi-stage separation, combustible winnowing and sewage circulation treatment, and stale garbage can be precisely divided into five types including organic matter, inorganic matter, metal matter, heavy combustible matter and light combustible matter which are used for fertilizer making, brick making, recycling, pyrolysis gasification oil making and injection molding raw materials. The problem of secondary pollution caused by traditional incineration landfill is solved, zero incineration landfill and zero secondary pollution are achieved, the resource utilization rate reaches 95% or above, sewage is recycled by 100%, and an efficient solution is provided for harmless and resourceful treatment of stale garbage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and specifically to a stale garbage classification and treatment system and process. Background Art

[0002] Traditional methods for treating stale garbage (refers to mixed garbage that has been stacked for a long time and partially decomposed) have many drawbacks. The main methods are mechanical crushing and screening processes to separate the oversize material and the undersize material. The oversize material is mostly combustible and is usually treated by incineration. However, highly toxic gases such as dioxins and sulfides are generated during the incineration process, causing serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. The undersize material is usually directly landfilled, and the heavy metals contained in it are likely to pollute groundwater, which is a low-level disposal method with prominent secondary pollution problems. In addition, traditional treatment methods cannot achieve efficient separation of all components such as organic matter, inorganic matter, and metals. A large number of recyclable resources, such as plastics, bricks, and metals, are not reasonably utilized, and there is a lot of manual intervention in the treatment process, resulting in low treatment efficiency and high costs.

[0003] Currently, although there have been some technical attempts for treating stale garbage, most of them are difficult to fundamentally solve the above problems. For example, some treatment processes only simply classify the garbage preliminarily without deeply considering resource recycling and environmental pollution control; some processes rely solely on manual sorting, with low sorting efficiency and high costs; others use a single screening technology, resulting in the mixing of organic matter and inorganic matter and a resource recovery rate of less than 30%. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a stale garbage classification and treatment system and process that can achieve efficient classification of all components of garbage, zero incineration and landfilling, zero secondary pollution, and maximize resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to provide a stale garbage classification and treatment system, which realizes efficient classification of all components of garbage, zero incineration and landfilling, and zero secondary pollution through a closed-loop treatment process, while maximizing the resource utilization rate.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a stale garbage classification and treatment process on the basis of the first object.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A stale garbage classification and treatment system includes a crushing treatment module, a sorting treatment module, and a sludge treatment module, and is characterized in that: The crushing treatment module includes a bale shredder and a plate hammer crusher. The discharge port of the bale shredder is connected to the feed port of the plate hammer crusher through a conveyor belt. The bale shredder preferably adopts the Chinese utility model patent CN217665360U (a domestic waste uniform cloth breaking and bagging unit). This machine can automatically tear and crush larger objects. The unit is equipped with an automatic telescopic function and will not have problems such as blockage and jamming when encountering hard objects such as stones.

[0007] The sorting and processing module described above includes a hydraulic separator, a first organic matter separator, a second organic matter separator, a metal separator, and a pneumatic separator.

[0008] The hydraulic separator includes a drum that is inclined and driven to rotate by a motor. The inner wall of the drum is provided with a guide screw blade for upward conduction of heavy materials. The guide screw blade in the upper end section is densely provided with water permeable holes. The upper port of the drum is provided with a feeding trough extending into the middle of the drum. Inside the feeding trough, there is a hollow screw driven to rotate by a motor. At the upper end of the feeding trough, there is a garbage feeding hopper and a water distributor. The water distributor is connected to a water outlet pipe and a spray pipe. The water outlet pipe extends into the upper end of the feeding trough, and the spray pipe extends into the drum inside the feeding trough. The spray pipe is provided with several water spray holes; below the upper side of the upper end of the drum, there is a sediment discharge trough for discharging heavy materials, and below the lower side of the lower end of the drum, there is a turbidity discharge trough for discharging light materials and muddy water. The discharge port of the hammer crusher is connected to the garbage feeding hopper of the hydraulic separator through a conveyor belt.

[0009] Preferably, the inclination angle of the drum of the hydraulic separator can be manually adjusted within the range of 5° - 15° to optimize the separation effect of heavy materials according to the characteristics of different putrefied garbage.

[0010] The first organic matter separator and the second organic matter separator have the same structure. It includes a cylindrical sieve. The upper part and both sides of the cylindrical sieve are splash-proof outer shells. The lower part of the cylindrical sieve is a liquid collecting trough. The lower part of the liquid collecting trough is provided with a liquid outlet. The feeding end of the cylindrical sieve is provided with an organic matter feeding hopper, and the discharging end of the cylindrical sieve is provided with an organic matter discharging outlet. Inside the cylindrical sieve, there is a stirring shaft driven to rotate by a motor. The feeding end of the stirring shaft is provided with a feeding screw blade, the middle of the stirring shaft is provided with several stirring and pushing plates, and the discharging end of the stirring shaft is provided with discharging wind blades; the turbidity discharge trough of the hydraulic separator is connected to the organic matter feeding hopper of the first organic matter separator, and the organic matter discharging outlet of the first organic matter separator is connected to the organic matter feeding hopper of the second organic matter separator through a conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring shaft of the first organic matter separator and the second organic matter separator can be adjusted within the range of 50 - 200 revolutions per minute through a frequency conversion motor to adapt to the sorting requirements of different properties of organic matter.

[0012] The metal separator includes a vibrating feeding hopper, a first-stage feeding conveyor belt, and a second-stage feeding conveyor belt that are sequentially connected front and back from high to low on the frame. The front roller of the first-stage feeding conveyor belt is a permanent magnet roller, and a black metal discharge trough is arranged below the permanent magnet roller. The front roller of the second-stage feeding conveyor belt is an eddy current separation roller, and a non-ferrous metal discharge trough is arranged below the eddy current separation roller. A heavy material discharge trough is arranged at the front end of the second-stage feeding conveyor belt. The discharged material is harmless heavy material, which can be used for brick making or harmless stacking.

[0013] Preferably, the vibration frequency of the vibrating feeding hopper of the metal separator can be adjusted between 10 and 50 Hz by the controller to ensure uniform distribution of the garbage during the feeding process and improve the accuracy of metal separation.

[0014] The air separator includes an air separation inlet, a heavy combustible material discharge outlet, and a light combustible material discharge outlet; the organic matter discharge outlet of the second organic matter separator is connected to the air separation inlet through a conveyor belt; the discharge from the heavy combustible material discharge outlet can be used for pyrolysis gasification to produce oil, and the discharge from the light combustible material discharge outlet can be used as fuel or injection molding raw material.

[0015] The sludge treatment module includes a sewage treatment pool (including a sedimentation tank and a clear water tank) and a sewage treatment trough (including a three-stage sedimentation tank).

[0016] The sewage treatment pool includes a sedimentation tank and a clear water tank. There is a notch or pipeline at the upper part between the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank for the clarified water to flow into the clear water tank. The slurry water generated by the first organic matter separator and the second organic matter separator flows into the sedimentation tank by gravity from the liquid outlet through a pipeline. The clear water tank is connected to the water distributor through a pipeline and a first circulation pump to provide water source for the hydraulic separator, and the clear water tank is connected to the organic matter feeding hopper of the second organic matter separator through a pipeline and a second circulation pump to provide water source for the second organic matter separator.

[0017] The sewage treatment trough includes a first sedimentation tank, a second sedimentation tank, and a third sedimentation tank, which are arranged side by side in sequence and are connected by overflow ports at the upper part. There are sludge discharge outlets at the bottoms of the three sedimentation tanks, and the precipitated sludge flows into the sedimentation tank by gravity through the pipeline from the sludge discharge outlets. There is a clear water outlet at the upper part of the third sedimentation tank, and the clarified water generated by the sedimentation tank flows into the clear water tank by gravity through this port and a pipeline. There is a floating matter collection trough on the side of the first sedimentation tank, and this trough is provided with a floating matter discharge outlet. There is also a chain scraper on the upper part of the first sedimentation tank for hanging the floating matter to the floating matter collection trough, and there is also a filtrate inlet on the side of the first sedimentation tank.

[0018] The belt filter press includes a sludge inlet, a filter residue outlet, and a filtrate outlet. The bottom of the sedimentation tank transports sludge to the sludge inlet through a sewage suction pump and a pipeline. The floating matter collected by the floating matter collection trough flows out from the floating matter discharge outlet and flows into the belt of the belt filter press by gravity through a pipeline. The filtrate outlet is connected to the filtrate inlet through a pipeline and a third circulation pump to transport the filtrate to the first sedimentation tank; the filter residue discharged from the filter residue outlet is used as raw material for organic fertilizer.

[0019] The second object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A process for classifying and treating stale garbage, characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Crushing treatment: The stale garbage is crushed by using a bag-breaking shredder and a plate hammer crusher in sequence to produce crushed garbage, and the particle size of more than 80% of the materials in the crushed garbage is less than 100 mm.

[0020] (2) Hydrostatic separation: The water in the clean water tank and the hydrostatic separator are used to separate the crushed garbage into two parts, one part is the heavy materials, and the other part is the light materials and slurry water.

[0021] (3) Metal separation: The heavy materials are separated into ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals and harmless heavy materials by a metal separator. The ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals are recycled, and the harmless heavy materials are mainly bricks, tiles, sand and stones, which are used for harmless stacking or raw materials for brick making.

[0022] (4) First selection of light materials: The light materials and slurry water are first separated by a first organic matter separator, and the separated materials are the first-selected light materials and slurry water. The slurry water flows into the sedimentation tank by gravity through a pipeline.

[0023] (5) Second selection of light materials: The first-selected light materials are washed and separated by a second organic matter separator and the water transported from the clean water tank by a second circulation pump to wash off the organic matter adhering to the light materials, producing combustible materials and slurry water. The slurry water flows into the sedimentation tank by gravity through a pipeline.

[0024] (6) Air separation of combustible materials: The combustible materials are air-separated by an air separator, separated into heavy combustible materials and light combustible materials. The heavy combustible materials are mainly waste tires, rubber products, plastic pipes, thick plastics, etc., which are used as raw materials for pyrolysis gasification to produce oil. The light combustible materials are mainly plastics, light floating objects, fabrics, leather, etc., which are used as fuel or raw materials for injection molding.

[0025] (7) Slurry sedimentation: The slurry water produced by the separation of organic matter flows into the sedimentation tank by gravity. After standing and sedimentation, the sludge containing a large amount of organic matter settles to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the relatively clear clarified water on the upper layer of the sedimentation tank flows into the clean water tank.

[0026] (8) Sludge pressure filtration: The sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is transported to a belt filter press by a sewage suction pump for pressure filtration. The pressure filtration produces filter residue and filtrate. The filter residue is mainly soil particles, humus produced by the decomposition of organic matter, microorganisms and their metabolites, etc., which are used as raw materials for organic fertilizers.

[0027] (9) Filtrate purification: The filtrate is transported to the three-stage sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment tank for clarification treatment to produce floating materials, clarified water and sediment slurry. The floating materials are hung into the floating material collection tank by a chain scraper, and then flow into the belt of the belt filter press through a pipeline from the floating material discharge port. The clarified water flows into the clean water tank by gravity through a pipeline from the clean water outlet, and the sediment slurry flows into the sedimentation tank by gravity through a pipeline from the sludge discharge port.

[0028] The working principle of the stale garbage classification and treatment system of the present invention is as follows: (1) Working principle of the hydraulic separator: After the stale garbage is crushed by the plate hammer crusher, it is conveyed by the hollow screw of the feeding trough into the inclined rotating drum. The spray pipe of the water distributor sprays water to wash the garbage. The heavy materials are conducted upward under the action of the guiding spiral blades. During the conduction process, they are continuously washed by water. When they reach the upper part of the drum, the water in the guiding spiral blades flows down through the water permeable holes to filter the heavy materials. The heavy materials with less water content are discharged into the heavy material discharge chute; the light materials and muddy water are led out from the turbidity discharge chute. Advantages of use: It can effectively separate the heavy materials, and at the same time, initially separate the light materials and muddy water through water washing, which provides convenience for subsequent treatment, realizes the initial high-efficiency separation of inorganic substances, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent treatment.

[0029] (2) The first and second organic matter separators have the same structure and are used for further treating the mixture separated by the hydraulic separator. They can further treat the mixture separated by the hydraulic separator, realize the high-efficiency screening and initial washing of organic matter, and can also improve the separation accuracy through multi-stage separation, laying a foundation for subsequent resource utilization. Working principle: The mixture from the turbidity discharge chute of the hydraulic separator enters the organic matter feeding hopper of the first organic matter separator. Inside the cylindrical sieve, the motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate. The feeding spiral blades convey the materials to the inside of the cylindrical sieve, and the stirring and propelling plates stir the materials to make the materials fully contact with water and tumble. During this process, the heavier impurities and part of the muddy water pass through the cylindrical sieve and enter the liquid collecting tank and are discharged from the liquid outlet. As the stirring shaft rotates, the discharging air blades send the initially separated organic matter out from the organic matter discharging port and convey it to the organic matter feeding hopper of the second organic matter separator through the conveyor belt. The second organic matter separator repeats the above process to re-separate and wash the organic matter, further removing impurities and producing combustible materials. Advantages of use: On the one hand, it realizes the effective separation of organic matter from impurities and muddy water, initially produces combustible materials, provides a purer organic matter raw material for subsequent air separation treatment, and improves the efficiency and quality of subsequent resource utilization. On the other hand, the two-stage separators are used in series, and multi-stage separation improves the separation accuracy of organic matter, can more fully recycle the organic matter resources in the stale garbage, reduce resource waste, and improve the resource utilization level of the entire stale garbage classification treatment system.

[0030] (3) Working principle of the metal separator: The garbage first enters the vibrating cloth hopper for uniform cloth, and is conveyed by the first-stage cloth conveyor belt. The front roller permanent magnet wheel adsorbs the ferrous metals to the ferrous metal discharge chute; the remaining materials enter the second-stage cloth conveyor belt. The eddy current separator wheel makes the non-ferrous metals generate repulsive force through electromagnetic induction, causing them to fall into the non-ferrous metal discharge chute, and the harmless heavy materials are discharged from the heavy material discharge chute. Advantages of use: Using the permanent magnet wheel and the eddy current separator wheel, it can efficiently separate ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, realize the recycling of metal resources, and at the same time separate the harmless heavy materials that can be used for brick making or harmless stacking, improve the resource utilization rate, and reduce the impact of metals in the garbage on subsequent treatment.

[0031] (4) Working principle of the air separator: The organic matter processed by the second organic matter separator enters the air separator. Taking advantage of the density difference of different organic matter, under the action of wind, heavy combustibles are discharged from the heavy combustible outlet, and light combustibles are discharged from the light combustible outlet. Advantages: Organic matter can be further subdivided according to density. Heavy combustibles can be used for pyrolysis and gasification to make oil, and light combustibles can be used as fuel or injection molding raw materials, which improves the resource utilization value of organic matter and fully taps the potential value of organic matter in stale garbage.

[0032] (5) Working principle of sewage treatment tank: The muddy water discharged from the first and second organic matter sorters flows by gravity into the first sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment tank, the chain scraper scrapes the floating objects to the floating object collection tank, the filtrate flows back to the first sedimentation tank through the filtrate inlet, the sewage is precipitated in the three sedimentation tanks in turn, the clarified water flows by gravity into the clear water tank from the clear water outlet of the third sedimentation tank, and the sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is discharged from the sludge outlet. Advantages of use: Through multi-stage sedimentation and floating object collection, the sewage generated in the process of stale garbage treatment is effectively treated, the sludge and clarified water are separated, and the clarified water can be recycled, reducing water resource waste, reducing environmental pollution, and ensuring the environmental protection of the system.

[0033] (6) Working principle of mesh belt filter press: The sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is transported to the sludge inlet of the mesh belt filter press by the sludge suction pump. After filtration, the filter residue is discharged from the filter residue outlet, and the filtrate is discharged from the filtrate outlet. The filtrate is sent back to the first sedimentation tank through the third circulation pump. Advantages: The sludge is deeply dehydrated, and the separated filter residue can be used as organic fertilizer raw material, realizing the resource utilization of sludge; the filtrate is recycled, which improves the utilization rate of water resources, reduces waste discharge, and makes the entire treatment system more environmentally friendly and efficient.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Efficient separation of all components: Through crushing, hydraulic separation, multi-stage organic separation, metal separation and air separation, accurate separation of organic matter, inorganic matter and metal is achieved, with a resource recovery rate of ≥ 90%, which is significantly higher than the 30% of traditional processes.

[0035] (2) Zero incineration and landfill: Heavy combustibles are used for pyrolysis and gasification to produce oil, light combustibles are used as fuel or injection molding raw materials, harmless heavy materials are used to make bricks, and sludge is used to make organic fertilizer. Incineration and landfill are completely abandoned to prevent dioxin and heavy metal pollution.

[0036] (3) Environmental protection and resource recycling: The sewage treatment module achieves 100% recycling of water resources. After the mud water is filtered and subjected to three-stage sedimentation, the filtrate is returned to the system and the filter residue is used to make organic fertilizer. There is no wastewater discharge, thus reducing environmental pollution.

[0037] (4) Automation and high efficiency: The bag-breaking shredder (1) automatically prevents blockages, the metal separator (6) vibrates and distributes materials evenly, and the organic matter separator (4)(5) adjusts frequency conversion to adapt to different materials, reducing manual intervention. The processing efficiency is increased by more than 50%, and the cost is reduced by 40%. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the stale garbage classification and treatment system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a process flow diagram of the stale garbage classification and treatment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the bag-breaking shredder of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the plate hammer crusher of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a side structure schematic diagram of the hydraulic separator of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a sectional view and internal structure schematic diagram of the drum of the hydraulic separator of the present invention; Figure 7 It is for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of part A; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the feeding trough, hollow screw, water distributor, water outlet pipe and spray pipe of the hydraulic separator of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the organic matter separator of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of the organic matter separator of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the stirring shaft and connecting parts of the organic matter separator of the present invention; Figure 12 It is a side structure schematic diagram of the metal separator of the present invention; Figure 13 It is a side structure schematic diagram of the air separator of the present invention; Figure 14 It is a side structure schematic diagram of the belt filter press of the present invention; Figure 15 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the sewage treatment tank of the present invention; Figure 16 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of the sewage treatment tank of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1 is a bag-breaking shredder, 2 is a plate-hammer crusher, 3 is a hydraulic separator, 31 is a drum, 32 is a feeding spiral blade, 33 is a water-permeable hole, 34 is a feeding trough, 35 is a hollow screw, 36 is a garbage feeding hopper, 37 is a water distributor, 38 is a water outlet pipe, 39 is a spray pipe, 310 is a water spray hole, 311 is a floating matter discharge trough, 312 is a sediment discharge trough, 4 is a first organic matter separator, 41 is a cylindrical sieve, 42 is a splash-proof housing, 43 is a liquid collection trough, 44 is a liquid outlet, 45 is an organic matter feeding hopper, 46 is an organic matter discharge port, 47 is a stirring shaft, 48 is a feeding spiral blade, 49 is a stirring and pushing plate, 410 is a discharge air blade, 5 is a second organic matter separator, 6 is a metal separator, 61 is a vibrating feeding hopper, 62 is a first-stage feeding conveyor belt, 63 is a second-stage feeding conveyor belt, 64 is a permanent magnet wheel, 65 is a ferrous metal discharge trough, 66 is an eddy current separation wheel, 67 is a non-ferrous metal discharge trough, 68 is a heavy material discharge trough, 7 is a pneumatic separator, 71 is a pneumatic separation feeding port, 72 is a heavy combustible material discharge port, 73 is a light combustible material discharge port, 8 is a sewage treatment tank, 81 is a sedimentation tank, 82 is a clear water tank, 83 is a first circulation pump, 84 is a second circulation pump, 9 is a sewage treatment trough, 91 is an overflow port, 92 is a first sedimentation tank, 93 is a second sedimentation tank, 94 is a third sedimentation tank, 95 is a sludge discharge port, 96 is a clear water flow outlet, 97 is a floating matter collection trough, 98 is a floating matter discharge port, 99 is a chain scraper, 910 is a filtrate inlet, 10 is a belt filter press, 101 is a sewage suction pump, 102 is a third circulation pump. Specific embodiments

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] I. Embodiment of the stale garbage classification and treatment system (in combination with Figures 1-16 ) The stale garbage classification and treatment system described in this embodiment includes a crushing treatment module, a sorting treatment module, and a sludge treatment module. The equipment and connection relationships of each module are as follows: 1. Crushing treatment module ( Figures 3-4 ) (1) Bag-breaking shredder 1: Adopt the patent equipment of CN217665360U, the feeding port size is 1200mm×800mm, and it is equipped with an automatic telescopic blade (such as Figure 3 ). When the stale garbage enters the bag-breaking shredder 1, the blade automatically tears the bagged garbage. When encountering hard materials such as stones, the blade telescopic mechanism is triggered to avoid blockage. The discharge port is connected to the feeding port of the plate-hammer crusher 2 through a conveyor belt.

[0042] (2) Plate-hammer crusher 2 (Figure 4 ): The rotational speed is set at 800 r / min. The internal plate hammer assembly performs secondary crushing on the material after bag breaking. A sieve mesh with a pore diameter of 100 mm is set at the discharge port to ensure that more than 80% of the particle size of the material after crushing is less than 100 mm. The crushed material is conveyed by a conveyor belt to the garbage feed hopper 36 of the hydraulic separator 3.

[0043] 2. Sorting and processing module (1) Hydraulic separator 3 ( Figures 5-8 ) The inclination angle of the drum 31 is adjusted to 10° (adjustable range 5° - 15°) and is driven by a motor to rotate (power 15 kW). Guide spiral blades 32 are welded to the inner wall of the drum 31, and the guide spiral blades 32 in the upper section are densely distributed with water-permeable holes 33 with a diameter of φ5 mm.

[0044] The feeding trough 34 extends into the middle of the drum 31. The internal hollow screw 35 is driven by a motor (rotational speed 50 r / min) to convey the crushed garbage from the garbage feed hopper 36 to the inside of the drum 31. The water distributor 37 is connected to the clear water tank 82, and the water outlet pipe 38 injects water into the feeding trough 34 (flow rate 20 m³ / h). The spray pipe 39 extends into the inside of the drum 31, and the spray holes 310 spray water to clean the material at a pressure of 0.3 MPa.

[0045] Heavy materials (such as bricks, stones, metals, etc.) move upward under the action of the guide spiral blades 32, and the moisture is discharged through the water-permeable holes 33 and finally discharged from the sediment discharge trough 312; light materials (such as plastics, fabrics, etc.) and muddy water are discharged from the turbidity discharge trough 311 at the lower end of the drum 31 and enter the first organic matter separator 4.

[0046] (2) The first organic matter separator 4 and the second organic matter separator 5 ( Figures 9-11 ) The structures of the two separators are the same. The pore diameter of the cylindrical sieve 41 is 5 mm, and the lower liquid collecting trough 43 collects muddy water. The liquid outlet 44 is communicated with the sedimentation tank 81.

[0047] The stirring shaft 47 is driven by a variable-frequency motor, and the rotational speed is adjusted to 600 r / min (adjustable range 400 - 800 r / min). The feeding spiral blade 48 at the feeding end guides the material into the cylindrical sieve 41, and the middle stirring and pushing plate 49 turns the material to make the muddy water and fine sand pass through the sieve mesh and enter the liquid collecting trough 43. The discharging air blade 410 at the discharging end sends the preliminarily separated light materials out from the organic matter discharging port 46.

[0048] The turbidity discharge trough 311 of the hydraulic separator 3 is connected to the organic matter feeding hopper 45 of the first organic matter separator 4, and the organic matter discharging port 46 of the first organic matter separator 4 is connected to the organic matter feeding hopper 45 of the second organic matter separator 5 through a conveyor belt to achieve two-stage sorting.

[0049] (3) Metal separator 6 (Figure 12 ) The vibration frequency of the vibrating hopper 61 is set to 30 Hz (adjustable range 10 - 50 Hz) to ensure that the heavy materials are evenly distributed on the first-stage feeding conveyor belt 62.

[0050] The front roller of the first-stage feeding conveyor belt 62 is a permanent magnet wheel 64 (magnetic field strength 1.2 T), which adsorbs ferrous metals (such as iron nails and iron blocks) and makes them fall into the ferrous metal discharge chute 65; the remaining materials enter the second-stage feeding conveyor belt 63, and the front roller is an eddy current separation wheel 66 (power 5 kW), which repels non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum sheets and copper wires) through electromagnetic induction and makes them fall into the non-ferrous metal discharge chute 67, and the harmless heavy materials (bricks, tiles, sand and stones) are discharged from the heavy material discharge chute 68.

[0051] (4) Air separator 7 ( Figure 13 ) The air separation inlet 71 is connected to the organic matter discharge port 46 of the second organic matter separator 5. The power of the fan is 30 kW, and the wind speed is controlled at 18 m / s.

[0052] Heavy combustibles (such as waste tires and thick plastics, density > 0.8 g / cm³) are discharged from the heavy combustible discharge port 72 due to their greater gravity; light combustibles (such as plastic films and fabrics, density < 0.8 g / cm³) are driven by the wind and discharged from the light combustible discharge port 73.

[0053] 3. Sludge treatment module (1) Sewage treatment tank 8 ( Figure 1 、 15 ) The volume of the sedimentation tank 81 is 50 m³, and the volume of the clear water tank 82 is 30 m³. The two are connected through the upper notch. The slurry water discharged from the liquid outlets 44 of the first organic matter separator 4 and the second organic matter separator 5 flows into the sedimentation tank 81 by gravity. After standing for 2 hours, the upper clarified water flows into the clear water tank 82.

[0054] The clear water tank 82 supplies water to the water distributor 37 of the hydraulic separator 3 through the first circulation pump 83 (flow rate 50 m³ / h), and supplies water to the organic matter feeding hopper 45 of the second organic matter separator 5 through the second circulation pump 84 (flow rate 20 m³ / h) to realize the recycling of water resources.

[0055] (2) Sewage treatment tank 9 and belt filter press 10 ( Figures 15-16 ) The sewage treatment tank 9 includes the first sedimentation tank 92, the second sedimentation tank 93, and the third sedimentation tank 94 arranged in parallel, which are sequentially connected through the upper overflow port 91, and each has a volume of 10 m³. A filtrate inlet 910 is provided on the side of the first sedimentation tank 92 and is connected to the filtrate outlet of the belt filter press 10; the sludge discharge port 95 at the bottom is connected to the sedimentation tank 81, and the clear water outlet 96 at the upper part of the third sedimentation tank 94 is connected to the clear water tank 82.

[0056] The chain scraper 99 (speed 0.5 m / s) at the upper part of the first sedimentation tank 92 scrapes the floating objects (such as plastic fragments) into the floating object collection tank 97, and sends them into the belt of the belt filter press 10 through the floating object discharge port 98.

[0057] The belt filter press 10 ( Figure 14 ) has a filtration area of 50 m². The sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 81 is transported to the sludge inlet through the sewage suction pump 101, the filtration pressure is 0.8 MPa, and the filter residue (water content ≤ 60%) is discharged from the filter residue outlet and used as raw material for organic fertilizer; the filtrate is returned to the filtrate inlet 910 of the first sedimentation tank 92 through the third circulation pump 102 (flow rate 10 m³ / h).

[0058] II. Example of the treatment process for putrefied garbage classification (combined with Figure 2 ) 1. Crushing treatment (corresponding to Figures 3-4 ) The putrefied garbage is fed into the bag-breaking shredder 1 by the loader. After the bag is torn by the blade, it enters the hammer crusher 2 through the conveyor belt. The hammers of the crusher 2 rotate at high speed, crushing the material so that more than 80% of the particle size is < 100 mm, which takes about 20 minutes. The crushed material is transported to the garbage feed hopper 36 of the hydraulic separator 3 through the conveyor belt.

[0059] 2. Hydraulic separation (corresponding to Figures 5-8 ) The water in the clear water tank 82 is pressurized by the first circulation pump 83 and then divided into two paths through the water distributor 37: the water outlet pipe 38 injects water into the feeding trough 34 (flow rate 20 m³ / h), and the spray pipe 39 sprays water into the inside of the drum 31 (pressure 0.3 MPa).

[0060] The crushed garbage enters the drum 31 along with the hollow screw 35. Inside the inclined rotating drum 31, the heavy materials (bricks, stones, metals) are lifted by the guide spiral blades 32, the water is discharged through the water permeable holes 33, and after 10 minutes, it is discharged from the sediment discharge trough 312; the light materials and the slurry water are discharged from the floating matter discharge trough 311 and enter the organic matter feed hopper 45 of the first organic matter separator 4.

[0061] 3. Metal separation (corresponding to Figure 12 ) The heavy materials discharged from the sediment discharge chute 312 enter the vibrating feeding hopper 61. After uniform feeding at a vibration frequency of 30 Hz, they are conveyed to the first-stage feeding conveyor belt 62.

[0062] The permanent magnet wheel 64 adsorbs ferrous metals (such as iron nails), causing them to fall off the conveyor belt and into the ferrous metal discharge chute 65; the remaining materials enter the second-stage feeding conveyor belt 63. The eddy current separation wheel 66 repels non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum sheets) through electromagnetic induction, causing them to fall into the non-ferrous metal discharge chute 67. The harmless heavy materials (bricks and tiles) are discharged from the heavy material discharge chute 68 and used as raw materials for brick making.

[0063] 4. First selection of light materials (corresponding to Figures 9-10 ) The light materials and slurry water discharged from the turbidity discharge chute 311 enter the first organic matter separator 4. The stirring shaft 47 rotates at a speed of 600 r / min. The feeding spiral blade 48 guides the materials. During the process of the stirring and pushing plate 49 turning over, the slurry water (containing fine sand and soil) passes through the cylindrical sieve 41 and enters the liquid collection tank 43, and then flows by gravity through the liquid outlet 44 to the sedimentation tank 81; the light materials selected in the first stage (plastics, fabrics, etc.) are sent out from the organic matter outlet 46 by the discharge air blades 410 and enter the second organic matter separator 5.

[0064] 5. Second selection of light materials (corresponding to Figures 9-10 ) The water in the clear water tank 82 is conveyed to the organic matter feeding hopper 45 of the second organic matter separator 5 by the second circulation pump 84 (flow rate: 20 m³ / h) to wash the light materials selected in the first stage.

[0065] The stirring shaft 47 stirs and washes again for 3 minutes. The organic matter and impurities adhering to the light materials pass through the screen with the slurry water and enter the liquid collection tank 43, and then are discharged into the sedimentation tank 81; the washed combustible materials (pure plastics, rubbers, etc.) are discharged from the organic matter outlet 46 and enter the air separator 7.

[0066] 6. Air separation of combustible materials (corresponding to Figure 13 ) The combustible materials enter the air separator 7 from the air separation inlet 71. Under the action of a wind speed of 18 m / s, the heavy combustible materials (waste tires, thick plastics) are discharged from the heavy combustible material outlet 72 due to their relatively large density and used as raw materials for pyrolysis gasification to produce oil; the light combustible materials (plastic films, fabrics) are driven by the wind and discharged from the light combustible material outlet 73 and used as fuel or raw materials for injection molding.

[0067] 7. Slurry sedimentation (corresponding to Figure 1 ) The slurry water in the sedimentation tank 81 is allowed to stand for 2 hours. The sludge (containing humus and microbial metabolites) settles to the bottom, and the upper clarified water flows into the clear water tank 82 for recycling.

[0068] 8. Sludge pressure filtration (corresponding toFigure 1 , 14 ) The sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 81 is transported to the belt filter press 10 by the sewage suction pump 101, and the filter residue (with a moisture content of 60%) is discharged from the filter residue outlet and used as raw material for organic fertilizer. 9. Filtrate purification: (corresponding to Figure 1 , 15 -16) The filtrate is refluxed to the first sedimentation tank 92 of the sewage treatment tank 9 through the third circulation pump 102, undergoes three-stage sedimentation for 4 hours, the chain scraper 99 collects and presses the floating substances, the clarified water is refluxed to the clear water tank 82 through the clear water outlet 96, and the sedimented slurry is refluxed to the sedimentation tank 81 through the sludge outlet 95, realizing zero discharge of sewage. Embodiment

[0069] The processing capacity of the system in this embodiment is 50 tons per day, the metal recovery rate is ≥95%, the organic matter recovery rate is ≥92%, the sewage circulation rate is 100%, there is no incineration and landfill process. Compared with the traditional process, the resource utilization rate is increased by 60%, the processing cost is reduced by 40%, effectively solving the problem of secondary pollution, and meeting the design goal of "zero incineration and landfill, and full-component utilization".

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for sorting and processing stale garbage, characterized by: It includes a crushing processing module, a sorting processing module and a sludge processing module; The crushing processing module comprises a bag breaking and tearing machine (1) and a plate hammer type crusher (2), and the discharge port of the bag breaking and tearing machine (1) is connected to the feed port of the plate hammer type crusher (2) through a conveyor belt; The sorting and processing module comprises a hydraulic sorter (3), a first organic matter sorter (4), a second organic matter sorter (5), a metal sorter (6) and an air sorter (7); the drum (31) of the hydraulic sorter (3) is arranged obliquely and driven to rotate by a motor, the inner wall of which is provided with a material guiding spiral sheet (32), the upper end section of which is densely covered with water permeable holes (33), a feeding trough (34) is arranged at the upper end of the drum (31), a hollow screw (35) is arranged in the feeding trough (34), a garbage feed hopper (36) and a water separator (37) are arranged at the upper end, the water separator (37) is connected to a water outlet pipe (38) and a spray pipe (39), a sediment discharge trough (312) is arranged at the lower side of the upper end of the drum (31), and a floating turbidity discharge trough (311) is arranged at the lower side of the lower end, and the discharge port of the plate hammer crusher (2) is connected to the garbage feed hopper (36) through a conveyor belt; The first organic matter separator (4) and the second organic matter separator (5) have the same structure, comprising a drum screen (41), a liquid collecting tank (43), and a stirring shaft (47); the drum screen (41) is provided with an organic matter feed hopper (45) at the feed end, and an organic matter discharge port (46) at the discharge end; the stirring shaft (47) is provided with a feed spiral sheet (48), a stirring propulsion plate (49), and a discharge fan blade (410); the floating matter discharge trough (311) of the hydraulic separator (3) is connected to the organic matter feed hopper (45) of the first organic matter separator (4); and the organic matter discharge port (46) of the first organic matter separator (4) is connected to the organic matter feed hopper (45) of the second organic matter separator (5) via a conveyor belt; The metal separator (6) comprises a vibrating material distribution hopper (61), a primary material distribution conveyor belt (62) and a secondary material distribution conveyor belt (63); the front roller of the primary material distribution conveyor belt (62) is a permanent magnet wheel (64), and a ferrous metal discharge trough (65) is arranged below; the front roller of the secondary material distribution conveyor belt (63) is an eddy current separation wheel (66), and a non-ferrous metal discharge trough (67) is arranged below; a heavy material discharge trough (68) is arranged at the front end of the secondary material distribution conveyor belt (63), and the discharged material is harmless heavy material; The wind separator (7) comprises a wind separation inlet (71), a heavy combustible material outlet (72), and a light combustible material outlet (73); the organic material outlet (46) of the second organic matter separator (5) is connected to the wind separation inlet (71) via a conveyor belt; The sludge treatment module comprises a sewage treatment pool (8) and a sewage treatment tank (9); the sewage treatment pool (8) comprises a sedimentation tank (81) and a clean water tank (82); the liquid outlets (44) of the first and second organic matter separators are connected to the sedimentation tank (81); the clean water tank (82) is supplied with water through a first circulation pump (83) and a second circulation pump (84) respectively to a water distributor (37) of a hydraulic separator (3) and an organic matter feed hopper (45) of a second organic matter separator (5); the sewage treatment tank (9) comprises a first organic matter separator (44) and a second organic matter separator (5) arranged in sequence; The first sedimentation tank (92), the second sedimentation tank (93), and the third sedimentation tank (94) are connected through an overflow port (91), and a sludge discharge port (95) is provided at the bottom. The third sedimentation tank (94) is provided with a clean water outflow port (96). The first sedimentation tank (92) is provided with a floating object collection tank (97) and a chain scraper (99). The sludge inlet of the mesh belt filter press (10) is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank (81), and the filtrate outlet is connected to the filtrate inlet (910) of the first sedimentation tank (92) through a third circulation pump (102).

2. The stale garbage classification and processing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inclination angle of the drum (31) of the hydraulic separator (3) is adjustable within the range of 5°-15°.

3. The stale garbage classification and processing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The rotation speed of the stirring shaft (47) of the first organic matter separator (4) and the second organic matter separator (5) is adjusted within the range of 50-200 revolutions per minute by a variable frequency motor.

4. The stale garbage classification and processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The vibration frequency of the vibrating material distribution hopper (61) of the metal separator (6) is adjustable between 10 and 50 Hz.

5. A process for sorting and treating stale garbage based on the system of claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Crushing: Use a bag shredder (1) and a hammer crusher (2) to crush the stale garbage so that more than 80% of the material has a particle size of less than 100 mm; (2) Hydraulic separation: The water from the clear water tank (82) enters the hydraulic separator (3) through the water separator (37), and the crushed garbage is separated into heavy materials (discharged through the sediment discharge trough (312)) and light materials and muddy water (discharged through the floating turbidity discharge trough (311)); (3) Metal separation: heavy materials are evenly distributed through the vibrating distribution hopper (61), the permanent magnetic wheel (64) of the primary distribution conveyor belt (62) separates ferrous metals (to the ferrous metal discharge trough (65)), the eddy current separation wheel (66) of the secondary distribution conveyor belt (63) separates non-ferrous metals (to the non-ferrous metal discharge trough (67)), and harmless heavy materials (bricks, tiles, sand and stones) are discharged from the heavy material discharge trough (68); (4) Light material first selection: Light material and muddy water enter the first organic matter separator (4), and the stirring shaft (47) stirs the impurities and muddy water to pass through the drum screen (41) and enter the liquid collecting tank (43), and the first light material is discharged from the organic matter discharge port (46); (5) Secondary selection of light materials: The water in the clean water tank (82) is transported to the second organic matter separator (5) via the second circulation pump (84) to clean the primary light materials, separate the combustible materials and muddy water, and discharge the muddy water into the sedimentation tank (81); (6) Air separation of combustibles: The combustible materials enter the air separator (7) and are separated into heavy combustibles (waste tires, thick plastics, etc., used for pyrolysis and gasification to make oil) and light combustibles (plastics, fabrics, etc., used as fuel or injection molding raw materials) according to density; (7) Mud sedimentation: The mud water produced by the sorting is left to stand in the sedimentation tank (81), the sludge settles to the bottom, and the clarified water flows into the clear water tank (82); (8) Sludge filtration: The sludge at the bottom of the sedimentation tank (81) is transported to the mesh belt filter press (10) via the sewage suction pump (101), and the sludge is filtered to produce filter residue (organic fertilizer raw material) and filtrate; (9) Filtrate purification: The filtrate enters the third-stage sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment tank (9), the chain scraper (99) scrapes the floating matter into the floating matter collection tank (97) and sends it to the filter press (10), the clarified water returns to the clear water tank (82) through the clear water outlet (96), and the precipitated sludge returns to the sedimentation tank (81) through the sludge outlet (95).

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