Space three-dimensional inner cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a space three-dimensional inner cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device which comprises a three-jaw chuck used for fixing a material part, a wire feeding pipeline chuck and a laser head, a moving rod connected with the laser head is arranged in the wire feeding pipeline chuck, a wire feeding pipeline is arranged at the front end of the wire feeding pipeline chuck, and the moving rod is connected with the laser head. A feeding module is arranged at the tail end of the wire feeding pipeline chuck. According to the space three-dimensional inner cavity laser green repairing metal remanufacturing device, a wire material is laid in an inner cavity of a material part, then the surface of the inner cavity of the material part is repaired through a laser head, after repairing is finished, a moving rod rotates to drive the laser head to cut the excessive wire material at the head and the tail of the material part, the surface quality and precision of a port of the material part are guaranteed, and the working efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, the problems of deflection of the wire materials, accurate coupling of laser beams and the like are avoided, and compared with a powder repairing mode, the device adopts a wire feeding machining method and has the effects of being high in material utilization rate, free of powder pollution, more environmentally friendly, high in forming efficiency and high in quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a device for laser green repair and metal remanufacturing of a spatial internal cavity. Background Art

[0002] Laser green repair is a laser surface modification technology. Green repair materials (powder feeding, wire feeding, pre-placement, etc.) are added to the surface of a workpiece (or substrate material). Through high-energy density laser heating, the green repair materials and a thin layer of metal on the surface of the substrate quickly reach a molten state. At this time, relying on the heat conduction of the workpiece itself, it quickly solidifies and crystallizes into a green repair layer to obtain a modified layer or repair layer with metallurgical bonding with the substrate material, a low dilution rate, and various characteristics. Compared with traditional surface treatment technologies such as surfacing, thermal spraying, and electroplating, it has many advantages, such as a wide range of applicable material systems, controllable dilution rate of the green repair layer, metallurgical bonding between the green repair layer and the substrate, small thermal deformation of the substrate, and easy automation of the process. Therefore, since the 1980s, laser green repair technology has received extensive attention at home and abroad and has been applied in many industrial fields.

[0003] At present, the green repair solutions usually adopt the method of powder feeding or wire feeding. Among them, for the green repair solution using powder feeding, the laser head needs to perform multiple looping actions on the inner wall surface, which greatly prolongs the repair time. And due to the low powder utilization rate, a large amount of powder accumulates on the surface of the repair layer, resulting in serious pollution, reduced surface roughness, and the need to add additional processes to clean the powder attached to the surface, increasing the process steps and reducing the work efficiency. If the green repair solution using wire is adopted, the current mainstream machines are all coaxial wire-feeding green repair laser heads, which perform laser repair while feeding wire. The wire-feeding method, for example, the principles of internal wire feeding or external wire feeding are disclosed in CN107627002A, CN107217257A, CN106583726A, and CN110158076B. Its main function is to emit light and wire simultaneously to achieve metal green repair. Although it solves the problem of powder adhesion on the inner wall surface, the existing laser green repair heads on the market need to arrange wire-feeding or powder-feeding channels inside, which requires a relatively large space, causing the repair head to be unable to enter the inner cavity of parts with smaller dimensions. When surface repair of small-sized inner cavity parts needs to be carried out, the repair work cannot be carried out, affecting the further popularization and development of this technology. Moreover, the existing laser green repair heads on the market also have the following problems: when the laser green repair head repairs the inner cavity, the repair head can only form layer-by-layer lap joints on the inner cavity surface one by one, and a lot of experiments need to be done to optimize the best lap rate W, which takes a long time and has low efficiency. If the lap rate is not optimized well, phenomena such as surface defects, poor roughness, and internal pores will occur, and the processes of repeated light emission and wire feeding are required, resulting in a long repair time and low efficiency. And because precise control of the wire-breaking process is required at the starting end of the part, with extremely high control accuracy, during the actual green repair process, phenomena such as balling, premature wire breaking, or over-melting are likely to occur. And these problems will all cause the entire green repair process to not proceed normally, and green forming cannot be carried out. Even if the wire-breaking process is precisely controlled to meet the green repair application at the starting end, during the repair process, due to the insufficient rigidity of the wire itself and the combined action of heat radiation and other factors, the wire will deflect, and it cannot be precisely coupled with the laser beam, easily causing problems such as incomplete or irregular cladding layers, resulting in the green repair quality not meeting the use requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a spatial three-dimensional cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device. The technical solution of the present invention is: a spatial three-dimensional cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device, including a three-jaw chuck, a wire feeding pipe chuck and a laser head. A workpiece is detachably arranged at the rear end of the three-jaw chuck. A moving rod is slidably arranged at the center of the wire feeding pipe chuck. The front end of the moving rod is connected to the laser head. A wire feeding pipe is arranged at the front end of the wire feeding pipe chuck. There are multiple wire feeding pipes, and the multiple wire feeding pipes are arranged around the moving rod as the center. A wire material is arranged inside each wire feeding pipe. A feeding module is arranged at the tail end of the wire feeding pipe chuck.

[0005] Further, the feeding module includes a fixed ring arranged at the rear end of the wire feeding pipe chuck. An annular bracket is arranged at the rear end of the fixed ring. A push rod fixedly connected to the moving rod is arranged inside the annular bracket, and the rear end of the push rod extends outside the annular bracket.

[0006] Further, a feeder is arranged on the inner ring surface of the annular bracket. There are multiple feeders, and the multiple feeders are arranged corresponding to the wire materials.

[0007] Further, a driving device is arranged at the rear end of the push rod. The driving device can drive the push rod to move horizontally inside the wire feeding pipe chuck. A pushing device is arranged on the front end face of the three-jaw chuck.

[0008] Further, an optical fiber is arranged at the input end of the laser head. A QBH head is arranged at the end of the optical fiber away from the laser head. A collimating lens capable of correcting light is arranged inside the laser head. A focusing lens capable of focusing light is arranged at the bottom of the laser head. A reflecting lens is arranged inside the laser head and between the collimating lens and the focusing lens. The reflecting lens is arranged at 45°.

[0009] Further, the length of the wire material is greater than the length of the workpiece.

[0010] Further, a card slot adapted to the wire feeding pipe is arranged inside the wire feeding pipe chuck. The wire feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wire feeding pipe chuck through the card slot. A through hole for the horizontal movement of the wire material is arranged inside the wire feeding pipe.

[0011] Further, the multiple wire feeding pipes form an annular wire material cylinder, and the diameter of the annular wire material cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the workpiece.

[0012] Further, the diameter of the fixed ring is smaller than the diameter of the wire feeding pipe chuck. The input end of the laser head is arranged at the center of the front end of the moving rod.

[0013] Further, the length of the moving rod is greater than the length of the wire material.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For the three-dimensional inner cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device, multiple wire feeders fixed in position feed wire simultaneously. Subsequently, the three-jaw chuck drives the workpiece to move outside the wire material, enabling the wire material to be laid on the inner cavity of the workpiece. Then, the laser head repairs the surface of the inner cavity of the workpiece. After the repair is completed, the rotating rod drives the laser head to perform a rapid circular rotation and can cut the excess wire material at the head and tail of the workpiece, ensuring the surface quality and accuracy of the port of the green repair workpiece, avoiding the problem of precise wire breaking control required for the starting end in the traditional wire material processing method. Moreover, this device uses multiple wire feeders to feed wire simultaneously and cooperates with a laser head that can rotate in a circle, which can accelerate the wire feeding speed and the progress of laser melting the wire material. Compared with the powder repair method, this device has the effect of removing powder pollution while significantly improving the green repair efficiency. At the same time, using wire material as the green repair part has the effects of low cost, high material utilization rate, and being more environmentally friendly and green, and it will not cause problems such as material waste and high surface roughness caused by powder overflowing into the molten pool.

[0015] 2. For the three-dimensional inner cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device, through the method of pre-laying the wire material, there will be no problems such as wire material yaw and precise laser beam coupling during the green repair process. Therefore, during the processing of this device, the processing quality is more easily guaranteed, avoiding phenomena such as balling, premature wire breaking, or over-melting that are likely to occur in the actual green repair process of traditional processing methods, and also avoiding problems such as wire material yaw and inaccurate laser beam coupling due to insufficient rigidity of the wire material itself and combined effects such as thermal radiation during the repair process, which are likely to cause incomplete or irregular cladding layers.

[0016] 3. For the three-dimensional inner cavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device, by separately arranging the laser head and the wire feeder, compared with the traditional wire material processing method, this device does not require the integrated setting of the laser head, the wire feeder, and the wire feeding channel. As a result, this device does not need to arrange wire feeding or powder feeding channels, and has the effect of a smaller overall size. When carrying out green repair inside the inner cavity of a smaller part, this device can easily enter the inner cavity and quickly carry out green repair work. Moreover, since the wire material of the present invention is pre-laid on the surface of the inner cavity of the three-dimensional part and is tightly attached, there is no need to optimize the overlap ratio W, which has the effects of long time consumption and low efficiency, avoiding the formation of surface defects, poor roughness, and internal pores, etc. At the same time, it can also obtain a higher surface roughness and flatness than the existing green repair technology, improving the work efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the laser head in the present invention; Figure 3 is a rear-view sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the laser head in the present invention; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the wire feeding pipe chuck and the feeder in the present invention; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing ring and the feeder in the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the laser head cutting the head end of the wire; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the laser head cutting the tail end of the wire; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the startup process of the device in the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the laser head processing process in the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the end process of the device in the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the state of the laser head repairing the inside of the workpiece Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the overlapping rate and the green repair cladding layer in the present invention.

[0018] The corresponding component names indicated by the numbers and letters in the figure: 1, three-jaw chuck; 11, workpiece; 2, wire feeding pipe chuck; 21, fixing ring; 22, wire feeding pipe; 23, moving rod; 24, push rod; 25, wire material; 26, feeder; 27, annular bracket; 3, laser head; 31, optical fiber; 32, QBH head; 33, collimating lens; 34, reflecting lens; 35, focusing lens; 36, light focusing point. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] In order to be able to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it in accordance with the content of the specification, the following further describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in combination with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] See the appendix Figures 1 - 12As shown in the figure, a device for laser green repair and remanufacturing of a spatial inner cavity metal includes a three-jaw chuck 1, a wire feeding pipe chuck 2, and a laser head 3. A workpiece 11 is detachably arranged at the rear end of the three-jaw chuck 1. A moving rod 23 is slidably arranged at the center of the wire feeding pipe chuck 2. The front end of the moving rod 23 is connected to the laser head 3. A wire feeding pipe 22 is arranged at the front end of the wire feeding pipe chuck 2. There are multiple wire feeding pipes 22, and the multiple wire feeding pipes 22 are arranged in a ring around the moving rod 23. A wire material 25 is arranged inside each wire feeding pipe 22. The length of the wire material 25 is greater than the length of the workpiece 11. The multiple wire feeding pipes 22 form an annular wire material cylinder, and the diameter of the annular wire material cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the workpiece 11.

[0021] After the workpiece 11 is fixed, the wire material 25 can be conveyed into the wire feeding pipe 22 by setting a wire feeder 26. When the moving rod 23 drives the laser head 3 to move into the workpiece 11, the wire feeder 26 conveys the wire material 25 into the workpiece 11 through the wire feeding pipe 22. Subsequently, the laser head 3 is started, and the laser head 3 emits laser to perform green repair on the inside of the workpiece 11, as shown in the appendix Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the laser head 3 rotates and adjusts the direction through the moving rod 23 to perform dead-angle-free repair on the inner wall of the workpiece 11.

[0022] A feeding module is arranged at the tail end of the wire feeding pipe chuck 2. The feeding module includes a fixed ring 21 arranged at the rear end of the wire feeding pipe chuck 2. An annular bracket 27 is arranged at the rear end of the fixed ring 21. A push rod 24 fixedly connected to the moving rod 23 is arranged inside the annular bracket 27, and the rear end of the push rod 24 extends outside the annular bracket 27. A wire feeder 26 is arranged on the inner ring surface of the annular bracket 27. There are multiple wire feeders 26, and the multiple wire feeders 26 are arranged corresponding to the wire material 25.

[0023] As shown in the appendix Figure 4 and appendix Figure 7 As shown in the figure, by simultaneously feeding wire by multiple wire feeders 26 fixed in position, and using the moving rod 23 to drive the 45° laser head 3 to perform rapid circular turning and being able to cut the excess wire material 25 at the head and tail of the workpiece 11, the accuracy of the green repair of the workpiece port is ensured, the wire feeding speed and the progress of laser melting the wire material are accelerated, powder pollution is removed, and at the same time, the efficiency of green repair is greatly improved.

[0024] As shown in the appendix Figure 2 - appendix Figure 3 As shown in the figure, further, an optical fiber 31 is arranged at the input end of the laser head 3. A QBH head 32 is arranged at the end of the optical fiber 31 away from the laser head 3. A collimating lens 33 capable of correcting light is arranged inside the laser head 3. A focusing lens 35 capable of focusing light is arranged at the bottom of the laser head 3. A reflecting lens 34 is arranged inside the laser head 3 and between the collimating lens 33 and the focusing lens 35. The reflecting lens 34 is arranged at 45°.

[0025] The QBH head 32 conveys the laser beam, and the optical fiber 31 is used to emit the laser beam. The laser beam emitted from the optical fiber 31 is collimated and corrected in path by the collimating lens 33. Subsequently, the reflecting lens 34 changes the path of the beam by 45°, making it pass downward through the focusing lens 35, and the focusing lens 35 focuses the beam at the beam focusing point 36.

[0026] As shown in the Figure 3 accompanying figure, the black arrow in the figure is the arrow indicating the direction of the beam.

[0027] Furthermore, a slot adapted to the wire feeding pipe 22 is provided inside the wire feeding pipe chuck 2. The wire feeding pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wire feeding pipe chuck 2 through the slot. A through hole for the horizontal movement of the wire material 25 is provided inside the wire feeding pipe 22, and the length of the moving rod 23 is greater than the length of the wire material 25.

[0028] By providing the slot, the wire feeding pipe chuck 2 can hold the wire feeding pipe 22. Moreover, the wire feeding pipe chuck 2 is connected to the annular bracket 27 through the fixing ring 21, and the through hole facilitates the movement of the wire material 25 in the inner cavity of the wire feeding pipe 22. In combination with the design that the length of the moving rod 23 is greater than the length of the wire material 25, after the wire material 25 is laid on the inner wall of the workpiece 11, the moving rod 23 can drive the laser head 3 to move on the inner wall of the workpiece 11, ensuring that when the laser head 3 processes the wire material 25 on the inner wall of the workpiece 11, there is sufficient movement range to ensure the processing accuracy.

[0029] Furthermore, the diameter of the fixing ring 21 is smaller than the diameter of the wire feeding pipe chuck 2, and the input end of the laser head 3 is provided at the center of the front end of the moving rod 23.

[0030] By arranging the laser head 3 at the center of the front end of the moving rod 23, when the moving rod 23 rotates, it can directly drive the laser head 3 to rotate around the moving rod 23, enabling the beam emitted by the laser head 3 to perform turning processing on the inner wall of the workpiece 11.

[0031] Due to different process parameters of the green repair overlapping rate W, it will directly cause a concave area to be generated between the clad layers. The size of the concave area is directly proportional to the overlapping rate W (as shown in the Figure 12 accompanying figure, where W in the figure is the overlapping rate and the shaded area is the green repair clad layer). The larger the concave area, the more it affects the surface flatness and roughness of the green repair clad layer. In the present invention, the wire material 25 is pre-laid on the workpiece 11 (the inner cavity surface of the three-dimensional part), and the wire material 25 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the workpiece 11. There is no need to optimize the overlapping rate W, and at the same time, a higher surface roughness and flatness can be obtained compared with the existing green repair technology, improving the work efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, a driving device is provided at the rear end of the push rod 24. The driving device can drive the push rod 24 to move horizontally inside the wire feeding pipe chuck 2. A pushing device is provided on the front end face of the three-jaw chuck 1.

[0033] As shown in the Figure 8 accompanying drawings, when the device is working, first fix the workpiece 11 on the three-jaw chuck 1, and then the pushing device pushes the workpiece 11 to make it close to the wire feeding pipe chuck 2 and cover the laser head 3. Subsequently, the feeder 26 conveys the wire material 25 to the inner wall of the workpiece 11 through the fixing ring 21 and the wire feeding pipe 22. Then start the laser head 3 to perform green repair on the inner wall of the workpiece 11. During the repair, the driving device can rotate the moving rod 23 to make the laser head 3 rotate (as shown in the Figure 9 accompanying drawings). While rotating, the driving device can also push the moving rod 23 to move horizontally in the inner cavity of the workpiece 11, so that while the position of the laser head 3 changes, the position of the wire material 25 remains fixed. This can further increase the processing accuracy and prevent the wire material 25 from deflecting due to its insufficient rigidity and the combined action of heat radiation during the repair process, and the laser beam emitted by the laser head 3 cannot be accurately coupled, resulting in an incomplete or irregular repair layer and causing the problem that the green repair quality cannot meet the use requirements.

[0034] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a three-jaw chuck (1), a wire feeding pipe chuck (2) and a laser head (3); a material piece (11) is detachably provided at the rear end of the three-jaw chuck (1); a moving rod (23) is slidably provided at the center of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2); a front end of the moving rod (23) is connected to the laser head (3); a wire feeding pipe (22) is provided at the front end of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2); a plurality of wire feeding pipes (22) are provided, and the plurality of wire feeding pipes (22) are arranged around the moving rod (23) as the center; a wire material (25) is provided inside each wire feeding pipe (22); and a loading module is provided at the rear end of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2).

2. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feeding module comprises a fixing ring (21) arranged at the rear end of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2), an annular bracket (27) is arranged at the rear end of the fixing ring (21), a push rod (24) fixedly connected to the moving rod (23) is arranged inside the annular bracket (27), and the rear end of the push rod (24) extends to the outside of the annular bracket (27).

3. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A feeder (26) is provided on the inner annular surface of the annular bracket (27), and a plurality of the feeders (26) are provided, and the plurality of feeders (26) are arranged corresponding to the wire material (25).

4. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A driving device is provided at the rear end of the push rod (24), and the driving device can drive the push rod (24) to move horizontally along the inside of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2), and a pushing device is provided on the front end surface of the three-jaw chuck (1).

5. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An optical fiber (31) is arranged at the input end of the laser head (3); a QBH head (32) is arranged at one end of the optical fiber (31) away from the laser head (3); a collimating lens (33) capable of correcting light is arranged inside the laser head (3); a focusing lens (35) capable of focusing light is arranged at the bottom of the laser head (3); a reflecting lens (34) is arranged inside the laser head (3) and between the collimating lens (33) and the focusing lens (35); the reflecting lens (34) is arranged at a 45° angle.

6. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the wire material (25) is greater than the length of the material piece (11).

7. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A clamping groove matched with the wire feeding pipe (22) is arranged inside the wire feeding pipe chuck (2); the wire feeding pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2) via the clamping groove; and a through hole is provided inside the wire feeding pipe (22) for horizontal movement of the wire material (25).

8. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of the wire feeding pipes (22) form an annular wire barrel, and the diameter of the annular wire barrel is smaller than the diameter of the material piece (11).

9. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The diameter of the fixing ring (21) is smaller than the diameter of the wire feeding pipe chuck (2), and the input end of the laser head (3) is arranged at the center of the front end of the moving rod (23).

10. The spatial three-dimensional intracavity laser green repair metal remanufacturing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the moving rod (23) is greater than the length of the wire material (25).

Images