Machining head switching device of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The machining head switching device of the numerical control machine tool comprises a rectangular plate, a pneumatic rod mounting plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate, a first pneumatic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pneumatic rod mounting plate, two sliding rails are fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate, and sliding blocks are slidably connected to the two sliding rails; the right sides of the two sliding blocks are jointly and fixedly connected with a sliding plate, the upper end of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of a first pneumatic rod, a driving motor is installed at the upper end of the sliding plate, and the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a thick rod. The device not only can ensure that the machining head stably and reliably works in the machining process and avoid accidental separation, but also can conveniently complete switching of different types of machining heads when the machining head needs to be replaced, reduces errors caused by manual intervention, improves the machining flexibility and production efficiency of the whole numerical control machine tool, and reduces the production cost of the numerical control machine tool. And the production requirements of diversification and high efficiency of the modern manufacturing industry are better met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a processing head switching device of a numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, CNC machine tools play a vital role and are widely used in precision machining of various parts to meet the machining needs of high-precision, complex-shaped workpieces in different industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and mechanical equipment. With the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the trend of product diversification and personalization is becoming increasingly obvious, which requires CNC machine tools to be able to efficiently and flexibly respond to the switching of different machining processes. As the key component that directly acts on the workpiece for cutting, drilling and other machining operations, the machining head has become increasingly critical in terms of its fast and accurate switching function.

[0003] Traditional CNC machine tools have many inconveniences in replacing the machining head. On the one hand, many CNC machine tools often require manual complex disassembly and installation operations when replacing the machining head, which not only consumes a lot of time and manpower, but also easily leads to improper installation of the machining head due to human operation errors, affecting the subsequent machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0004] On the other hand, some existing devices with the function of switching machining heads lack effective limit and protection mechanisms during the switching process, which makes it easy for the machining head to accidentally detach during the switching or machining process. This will not only damage the machining head and the workpiece, but may even damage the CNC machine tool itself, increasing equipment maintenance costs and production safety risks. At the same time, for some scenarios that require frequent switching of machining heads of different models to complete multiple machining processes, the switching speed of existing devices is slow and cannot meet the rhythm of efficient production, slowing down the progress of the entire production process and reducing the production efficiency of the enterprise.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a processing head switching device for a CNC machine tool to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art and propose a processing head switching device for a CNC machine tool, which can not only ensure that the processing head works stably and reliably during the processing process to avoid accidental detachment, but also can conveniently complete the switching of processing heads of different models when the processing head needs to be replaced, thereby reducing the errors caused by manual intervention, improving the processing flexibility and production efficiency of the entire CNC machine tool, and better adapting to the diversified and efficient production requirements of the modern manufacturing industry.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A machining head switching device for a numerical control machine tool, comprising a rectangular plate. A pneumatic rod mounting plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate. A first pneumatic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pneumatic rod mounting plate. Two slide rails are fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate. Sliders are slidably connected to both of the two slide rails. A sliding plate is fixedly connected to the right sides of the two sliders. The upper end of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first pneumatic rod. A driving motor is installed at the upper end of the sliding plate. A thick rod is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the driving motor. A rectangular box is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding plate. A moving groove is provided at the lower end of the rectangular box. A third pneumatic rod is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the rectangular box. A pushing block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the third pneumatic rod. A vertical rod is rotatably connected through the pushing block. A rectangular rod is slidably connected within the vertical rod. The lower end of the rectangular rod extends to the outside and is fixedly connected to a disc. A threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the disc.

[0009] 3. Preferably, a placement table mounting plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate. A machining head placement assembly is provided on the placement table mounting plate. The machining head placement assembly includes a switching motor installed at the lower end of the placement table mounting plate. The end of the output shaft of the switching motor penetrates through the placement table mounting plate and is fixedly connected to a short rod. A placement round table is fixedly connected to the upper end of the short rod. A plurality of placement grooves are provided at the upper end of the placement round table. A machining head is placed in each placement groove. A threaded column is fixedly connected to the upper end of each machining head.

[0010] Preferably, a connection assembly is provided between the thick rod and the vertical rod. The connection assembly includes a square cavity provided within the vertical rod. The rectangular rod penetrates through the square cavity. A square plate is slidably connected within the square cavity. The square plate is fixedly connected to the rectangular rod. The square plate is elastically connected to the inner top of the square cavity through a second spring. A rectangular groove is provided at the lower end of the thick rod.

[0011] Preferably, a tightening assembly is provided on the rectangular plate. The tightening assembly includes a fixed block fixed to the right side of the rectangular plate. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed block. A first gear is installed on the rotating rod. A second gear that cooperates with the first gear is fixedly connected to the vertical rod.

[0012] Preferably, a strip-shaped box is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular plate. A second pneumatic rod is fixedly connected to the front inner wall of the strip-shaped box. A moving block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second pneumatic rod. A thin rod is rotatably connected to the right inner wall of the strip-shaped box. A third gear is provided on the thin rod. A first rack is fixedly connected to the right side of the moving block. The right side of the thin rod penetrates through the rectangular plate. Bevel gears are provided on both the thin rod and the rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a limiting component. The limiting component includes an L-shaped block fixedly connected to the lower end of the pushing block. An air brake is installed at the lower end of the L-shaped block. The driven part of the air brake is fixedly connected with two limiting fixing plates. Limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two limiting fixing plates. Limiting grooves are provided on the front sides of the two limiting blocks. Electromagnets are provided on the opposite inner walls of the two limiting grooves. Clamping blocks are slidably connected in the two limiting grooves. The adjacent sides of the two clamping blocks and the corresponding electromagnets are elastically connected by first springs. Through holes are provided on each threaded column.

[0014] Preferably, an infrared distance sensor is installed on the right side of the rectangular plate.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a cleaning component. The cleaning component includes two hollow plates fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate. Air inlets are provided on the adjacent sides of the two hollow plates. A filter box is installed on the left side of the rectangular plate. A fan is installed on the upper end of the filter box. The air inlet end of the fan is communicated with the upper end of the filter box. The bottom space of the filter box and the two hollow plates are communicated through an air suction pipe. A second rack is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the automatic operation of the processing head switching through the ingenious setting of the pneumatic rod, the switching motor and a series of mutually cooperating mechanical transmission structures. When the processing head needs to be replaced, only need to control the switching motor to operate so that the corresponding placement groove rotates to a suitable position, and then through the telescopic action of the pneumatic rod, the disassembly of the old processing head and the installation and fixation of the new processing head can be completed in an orderly manner. The whole process does not require cumbersome manual disassembly and installation operations, greatly shortening the processing head switching time and improving the production efficiency of the CNC machine tool. It is especially suitable for complex production scenarios that require frequent replacement of processing heads to complete multiple processing procedures;

[0018] 2. Compared with the prior art, this device is equipped with perfect fixing and limiting components. When the processing head is installed, the threaded column is limited by the cooperation of the electromagnet and the clamping block. At the same time, the closing of the air brake can effectively prevent the processing head from accidentally rotating and disengaging during the processing process, ensuring that the processing head always maintains a stable and reliable state during high-speed rotary processing. Moreover, in the connection structure between the processing head and the output shaft of the driving motor, through the design of the rectangular rod, the spring and the rectangular groove, even if the processing head is subjected to external forces such as extrusion during the processing process, it can still cooperate well with the driving motor to realize rotary processing, ensuring the processing accuracy and effectively reducing the workpiece processing quality problems caused by the unstable installation or accidental displacement of the processing head;

[0019] 3. Compared with the prior art, the components of the present invention work together effectively, avoiding situations such as accidental detachment and collision that may occur during the switching and processing of the processing head, reducing the risk of harm to the operator caused by these accidental situations, and ensuring the safety of production operations. At the same time, the switching of the processing head makes the processing process more stable and orderly, reducing the abnormal wear and impact on each component of the device itself, helping to extend the service life of the entire processing head switching device of the CNC machine tool and related equipment, and reducing the equipment maintenance cost and renewal cost of the enterprise;

[0020] 4. Compared with the prior art, the present device is provided with a cleaning component. During the processing process, the blower can suck impurities such as chips and dust generated in the processing area from the air inlet of the hollow plate into the filter box through the suction pipe for filtration treatment, preventing these impurities from adhering to the processing head all the time and causing a reduction in the accuracy of the processing head when it is used again later, creating a relatively clean environment for the processing operation, helping to further ensure the processing quality, making the surface finish of the processed workpiece higher and the dimensional accuracy more in line with requirements, improving the overall quality of the product, and enhancing the competitiveness of the product in the market.

[0021] In summary, compared with the prior art, the processing head switching device of the CNC machine tool of the present invention has an efficient and automated processing head switching process, which can significantly shorten the switching time and improve production efficiency; has a precise and stable processing head fixing and limiting mechanism, which can ensure the processing accuracy and reduce quality problems; can improve operation safety and extend the service life of the equipment, reducing maintenance and renewal costs; and also adds a cleaning component to optimize the processing environment, ensure the processing quality, and enhance the product competitiveness. Overall, it brings many positive improvements and advantages to the processing operation of the CNC machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing head switching device for a CNC machine tool proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic left-side structural diagram of;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram at the vertical rod and thick rod;

[0026] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a half-sectional view of;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic bottom structural diagram of the rectangular box;

[0028] Figure 7 is Figure 4 The enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A in

[0029] In the figure: 1 rectangular plate, 2 slide rail, 3 pneumatic rod mounting plate, 4 first pneumatic rod, 5 slider, 6 sliding plate, 7 rectangular box, 8 L-shaped block, 9 vertical rod, 10 hollow plate, 11 placement table mounting plate, 12 placement round table, 13 rotating rod, 14 first gear, 15 switching motor, 16 short rod, 17 fixed block, 18 driving motor, 19 infrared distance sensor, 20 second gear, 21 filter box, 22 fan, 23 suction pipe, 24 strip box, 25 second pneumatic rod, 26 moving block, 27 third gear, 28 first rack, 29 third pneumatic rod, 30 pushing block, 31 rectangular rod, 32 disc, 33 pneumatic brake, 34 limit fixing plate, 35 limit block, 36 electromagnet, 37 clamping block, 38 first spring, 39 threaded column, 40 through hole, 41 thick rod, 42 rectangular groove, 43 second spring, 44 square plate, 45 threaded hole, 46 thin rod, 47 second rack. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Refer to Figures 1-7 , a machining head switching device for a numerically controlled machine tool, including a rectangular plate 1, the rectangular plate 1 is mainly installed on the robotic arm of the numerically controlled machine tool, the right side of the rectangular plate 1 is fixedly connected with a pneumatic rod mounting plate 3, the lower end of the pneumatic rod mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected with a first pneumatic rod 4, the right side of the rectangular plate 1 is fixedly connected with two slide rails 2, both of the two slide rails 2 are slidably connected with a slider 5, the right sides of the two sliders 5 are commonly fixedly connected with a sliding plate 6, the upper end of the sliding plate 6 is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the first pneumatic rod 4, the upper end of the sliding plate 6 is provided with a driving motor 18, the end of the output shaft of the driving motor 18 is fixedly connected with a thick rod 41, the lower end of the sliding plate 6 is fixedly connected with a rectangular box 7, the lower end of the rectangular box 7 is provided with a moving groove, the right inner wall of the rectangular box 7 is fixedly connected with a third pneumatic rod 29, the telescopic end of the third pneumatic rod 29 is fixedly connected with a pushing block 30, a vertical rod 9 is rotatably connected through the pushing block 30, a rectangular rod 31 is slidably connected in the vertical rod 9, the lower end of the rectangular rod 31 extends to the outside and is fixedly connected with a disc 32, a threaded hole 45 is provided at the lower end of the disc 32, an infrared distance sensor 19 is installed on the right side of the rectangular plate 1, and there is an external control system. When the third pneumatic rod 29 stretches, after the pushing block 30 moves leftward to a certain distance, the infrared distance sensor 19 will generate an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller, and the controller controls the third pneumatic rod 29 to stop running, so that the vertical rod 9 is located directly above the placement groove.

[0032] Among them, a placement table mounting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate 1. A processing head placement assembly is provided on the placement table mounting plate 11. The processing head placement assembly includes a switching motor 15 mounted at the lower end of the placement table mounting plate 11. The end of the output shaft of the switching motor 15 penetrates through the placement table mounting plate 11 and is fixedly connected to a short rod 16. The upper end of the short rod 16 is fixedly connected to a placement turntable 12. A plurality of placement grooves are provided on the upper end of the placement turntable 12. Each placement groove contains a processing head. A threaded column 39 is fixedly connected to the upper end of each processing head. When it is necessary to switch the processing head, the control system will send a precise control instruction to the switching motor 15. After receiving the instruction, the switching motor 15 will rotate stably and precisely according to the preset program. The placement turntable 12 is driven to rotate through the short rod, and the placement groove corresponding to the required processing head is accurately rotated to the appropriate position for subsequent picking and placing operations. A connection assembly is provided between the thick rod 41 and the vertical rod 9. The connection assembly includes a square cavity provided in the vertical rod 9. A rectangular rod 31 penetrates through the square cavity. A square plate 44 is slidably connected in the square cavity. The square plate 44 is fixedly connected to the rectangular rod 31. The square plate 44 is elastically connected to the inner top of the square cavity by a second spring 43. A rectangular groove 42 is provided at the lower end of the thick rod 41. When the processing head is processing, since the processing head is in close contact with the workpiece, the processing head usually receives a reaction force from the workpiece. This force is often in the upward direction of the processing head. In this case, the processing head will drive the rectangular rod 31 to slide upward along the square cavity, and then push the square plate 44 to compress the second spring 43, so that the rectangular rod 31 can be smoothly inserted into the rectangular groove 42 of the thick rod 41. Through such a clever connection method, it is ensured that during the processing process, even when the processing head is subjected to an external force, it can still be tightly and stably connected to the output shaft (i.e., the thick rod 41) of the driving motor 18, so that the power of the driving motor 18 can be transmitted to the processing head without hindrance, driving it to rotate stably for processing. At the same time, with the elastic buffering effect of the second spring 43, when the processing head is subjected to forces in different directions and of different magnitudes, the risk of component damage caused by rigid connection can be effectively avoided, just like installing a "buffer" in the entire power transmission link, greatly improving the stability and reliability of the entire device during the processing process, and ensuring that the processing process can proceed continuously and stably.

[0033] Among them, a tightening assembly is provided on the rectangular plate 1. The tightening assembly includes a fixed block 17 fixed to the right side of the rectangular plate 1. A rotating rod 13 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed block 17. A first gear 14 is installed on the rotating rod 13. A second gear 20 that cooperates with the first gear 14 is fixedly connected to the vertical rod 9. A strip-shaped box 24 is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular plate 1. A second pneumatic rod 25 is fixedly connected to the front inner wall of the strip-shaped box 24. A moving block 26 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second pneumatic rod 25. A thin rod 46 is rotatably connected to the right inner wall of the strip-shaped box 24. A third gear 27 is provided on the thin rod 46. A first rack 28 is fixedly connected to the right side of the moving block 26. The right side of the thin rod 46 penetrates through the rectangular plate 1. Bevel gears are provided on both the thin rod 46 and the rotating rod 13. The first pneumatic rod 4, the second pneumatic rod 25, and the third pneumatic rod 29 all select pneumatic driving devices with high precision and high stability, and can accurately perform telescopic actions according to the instructions issued by the control system, providing reliable power support for a series of subsequent operations. When installing the processing head, after completing preliminary placement and other operations, the staff sends a contraction instruction to the second pneumatic rod 25 through the control system. After receiving the instruction, the second pneumatic rod 25 is quickly activated and drives the moving block 26 to move steadily towards the left. The threaded column 39 and the threaded hole 45 are in a threaded connection relationship. The rotation of the vertical rod 9 will cause the threaded column 39 to be gradually tightened in the threaded hole 45. Through such a series of orderly transmissions and actions, the processing head is firmly fixed, ensuring that it will not loosen due to factors such as vibration and centrifugal force during the processing process.

[0034] Among them, a limiting assembly is further included. The limiting assembly includes an L-shaped block 8 fixedly connected to the lower end of the pushing block 30. A pneumatic brake 33 is installed at the lower end of the L-shaped block 8. The driven part of the pneumatic brake 33 is fixedly connected to two limiting fixing plates 34. Limiting blocks 35 are fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two limiting fixing plates 34. Limiting grooves are provided on the front sides of the two limiting blocks 35. Electromagnets 36 are provided on the opposite inner walls of the two limiting grooves. Two clamping blocks 37 are slidably connected in the two limiting grooves. The adjacent sides of the two clamping blocks 37 and the corresponding electromagnets 36 are elastically connected by first springs 38. Through holes 40 are provided on each threaded column 39. During the processing, the rotation of the processing head will drive the limiting assembly and the driven part of the pneumatic brake 33 to rotate together, and no abnormal situations such as jamming will occur, ensuring the smooth progress of the processing. When the processing head needs to be replaced, the control system will first control the pneumatic brake 33 to close. At this time, the limiting assembly no longer rotates with the processing head but is in a stationary state, facilitating the subsequent disassembly operation of the processing head.

[0035] Among them, it also includes a cleaning component. The cleaning component includes two hollow plates 10 fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate 1. Air inlets are provided on the adjacent sides of the two hollow plates 10. A filter box 21 is installed on the left side of the rectangular plate 1. A filter screen is provided inside the filter box 21. When the fan 22 operates, debris will be blocked and retained in the filter box 21. A sliding door is provided at the rear of the filter box 21, which is convenient for cleaning the debris in the filter box 21. A fan 22 is installed at the upper end of the filter box 21. The air inlet end of the fan 22 is communicated with the upper end of the filter box 21. The bottom space of the filter box 21 is communicated with the two hollow plates 10 through an air suction pipe 23. A second rack 47 is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate 1.

[0036] The functional principle of the present invention can be elaborated through the following operation method: Install the rectangular plate 1 on the robotic arm of the numerical control machine tool. Place machining heads of various models in the corresponding placement slots. Thread the threaded column 39 of the machining head tightly into the threaded column 39. At this time, the two electromagnets 36 are in the energized state. After the two electromagnets 36 are energized, they generate a repulsive force on the corresponding blocks 37, causing the two blocks 37 to enter the through holes 40 of the threaded column 39. At the same time, the pneumatic brake 33 is in the separated state. The staff controls the first pneumatic rod 4 to stretch, so that the sliding plate 6 drives the machining head to move down to the specified height. Then, the operation of the drive motor 18 can be used to drive the machining head to rotate for processing (during the processing, the machining head is usually tightly pressed against the workpiece to be machined, so that the machining head drives the rectangular rod 31 to move up and engage into the rectangular groove 42, and the second spring 43 is compressed, enabling the operation of the drive motor 18 to drive the machining head to rotate for processing);

[0037] It is worth mentioning that since the pneumatic brake 33 is in the separated state, the rotation of the machining head will drive the limiting component and the driven part of the pneumatic brake 33 to rotate at this time. Therefore, during the processing, the machining head will not be separated.

[0038] When the machining head needs to be replaced, control the operation of the switching motor 15 to rotate the placement slot without the machining head to the right side. At this time, the staff controls the first pneumatic rod 4 to contract, so that the vertical rod 9 rises to its original position. At this time, due to the absence of pressure, under the action of the second spring 43, the rectangular rod 31 is separated from the rectangular groove 42. Control the third pneumatic rod 29 to stretch, and then the pushing block 30 drives the vertical rod 9 and the machining head to move to the left. When the pushing block 30 moves directly above the placement slot without the machining head, the infrared distance sensor 19 will generate an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller. The controller controls the third pneumatic rod 29 to stop operating. At this time, the staff can control the first pneumatic rod 4 to stretch and place the machining head on the vertical rod 9 into the placement slot;

[0039] After the placement is completed, the pneumatic brake 33 is closed at this time. At this time, the limit component stops rotating. At the same time, the first gear 14 and the second gear 20 are engaged. The staff controls the second pneumatic rod 25 to contract, driving the moving block 26 and the first rack 28 to move forward. Thus, the rotating rod 13 is driven to rotate through the thin rod 46 and two bevel gears, and then the vertical rod 9 is driven to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, since the pneumatic brake 33 is closed, the limit component will drive the processing head to stop rotating. Since the threaded column 39 and the threaded hole 45 are threadedly connected, the threaded column 39 will be separated from the threaded hole 45. Then, the two electromagnets 36 are controlled to be powered off, so that the two clamping blocks 37 are disengaged from the through holes 40, and then the processing head is automatically removed (during the process of removing the processing head, the rectangular rod 31 will drive the square plate 44 and the disc 32 to move upward, and the second spring 43 is compressed);

[0040] After the processing head is removed, the first pneumatic rod 4 is controlled to contract a certain distance again, so that the disc 32 moves upward. At this time, the switching motor 15 is controlled to run again, and the selected processing head model is rotated to the right. Then, the first pneumatic rod 4 is controlled to stretch, so that the disc 32 presses on the corresponding threaded column 39. At this time, the two second springs 43 are in a compressed state, and the two electromagnets 36 are controlled to be powered on. The two clamping blocks 37 enter the through holes 40. Since the pneumatic brake 33 is in a closed state at this time, the limit component will not rotate, and then the threaded column 39 is limited;

[0041] The second pneumatic rod 25 is controlled to stretch, driving the third gear 27 to rotate in the reverse direction through the first rack 28. Then, the rotating rod 13 drives the vertical rod 9 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the selected processing head can be fixed on the vertical rod 9. Then, the staff controls the first pneumatic rod 4 to contract and reset, and then controls the third pneumatic rod 29 to contract and reset, so that the vertical rod 9 can move below the thick rod 41, and the pneumatic brake 33 is controlled to be separated. At this time, the processing can be carried out again.

[0042] At the same time, during the stretching and contraction of the third pneumatic rod 29, the fan 22 is in an operating state. When the processing head passes between the two hollow plates 10, an air flow will be generated to adsorb the debris adhered to the processing head into the filter box 21. Thus, the debris on the processing head is blocked by the filter screen in the filter box 21. At the same time, when the pushing block 30 moves, the second rack 47 and the second gear 20 are in an engaged state, so that the processing head is in a rotating state, and the debris on all surfaces of the processing head will be sucked into the filter box 21.

[0043] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining head switching device for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a rectangular plate (1), characterized in that: The right side of the rectangular plate (1) is fixedly connected to a pneumatic rod mounting plate (3), the lower end of the pneumatic rod mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected to a first pneumatic rod (4), the right side of the rectangular plate (1) is fixedly connected to two slide rails (2), both of the two slide rails (2) are slidably connected to sliders (5), the right sides of the two sliders (5) are commonly fixedly connected to a sliding plate (6), the upper end of the sliding plate (6) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first pneumatic rod (4), the upper end of the sliding plate (6) is installed with a driving motor (18), the output shaft end of the driving motor (18) is fixedly connected A thick rod (41) is provided, the lower end of the sliding plate (6) is fixedly connected to a rectangular box (7), the lower end of the rectangular box (7) is provided with a moving groove, the right inner wall of the rectangular box (7) is fixedly connected to a third pneumatic rod (29), the telescopic end of the third pneumatic rod (29) is fixedly connected to a pushing block (30), a vertical rod (9) is rotatably connected to the pushing block (30), a rectangular rod (31) is slidably connected inside the vertical rod (9), the lower end of the rectangular rod (31) extends to the outside and is fixedly connected to a disc (32), and a threaded hole (45) is provided at the lower end of the disc (32).

2. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the rectangular plate (1) is fixedly connected to a placement table mounting plate (11), and a processing head placement assembly is provided on the placement table mounting plate (11). The processing head placement assembly includes a switching motor (15) installed at the lower end of the placement table mounting plate (11), and the output shaft end of the switching motor (15) passes through the placement table mounting plate (11) and is fixedly connected to a short rod (16), and the upper end of the short rod (16) is fixedly connected to a placement round table (12), and the upper end of the placement round table (12) is provided with a plurality of placement grooves, each of which has a processing head placed in it, and the upper end of each of the processing heads is fixedly connected to a threaded column (39).

3. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting assembly is provided between the thick rod (41) and the vertical rod (9), the connecting assembly comprising a square cavity arranged in the vertical rod (9), the rectangular rod (31) passing through the square cavity, a square plate (44) slidably connected in the square cavity, the square plate (44) being fixedly connected to the rectangular rod (31), the square plate (44) being elastically connected to the inner top of the square cavity via a second spring (43), and a rectangular groove (42) being provided at the lower end of the thick rod (41).

4. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular plate (1) is provided with a tightening assembly, which comprises a fixing block (17) fixed to the right side of the rectangular plate (1), the lower end of the fixing block (17) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (13), a first gear (14) is mounted on the rotating rod (13), and a second gear (20) matched with the first gear (14) is fixedly connected to the vertical rod (9).

5. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left side of the rectangular plate (1) is fixedly connected to a strip box (24), the front inner wall of the strip box (24) is fixedly connected to a second pneumatic rod (25), the telescopic end of the second pneumatic rod (25) is fixedly connected to a moving block (26), the right inner wall of the strip box (24) is rotatably connected to a thin rod (46), a third gear (27) is provided on the thin rod (46), the right side of the moving block (26) is fixedly connected to a first rack (28), the right side of the thin rod (46) passes through the rectangular plate (1), and bevel gears are provided on the thin rod (46) and the rotating rod (13).

6. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a limit assembly, wherein the limit assembly comprises an L-shaped block (8) fixedly connected to the lower end of the push block (30), a pneumatic brake (33) being installed at the lower end of the L-shaped block (8), a driven part of the pneumatic brake (33) being fixedly connected to two limit fixing plates (34), adjacent sides of the two limit fixing plates (34) being fixedly connected to limit blocks (35), front sides of the two limit blocks (35) being provided with limit grooves, inner walls of the two limit grooves on opposite sides being provided with electromagnets (36), clamping blocks (37) being slidably connected in the two limit grooves, the two clamping blocks (37) being elastically connected to the adjacent sides of the corresponding electromagnets (36) through first springs (38), and each of the threaded columns (39) being provided with a through hole (40).

7. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An infrared distance sensor (19) is installed on the right side of the rectangular plate (1).

8. The processing head switching device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly comprising two hollow plates (10) fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate (1), the adjacent sides of the two hollow plates (10) are provided with air inlets, a filter box (21) is installed on the left side of the rectangular plate (1), a fan (22) is installed on the upper end of the filter box (21), the air inlet end of the fan (22) is connected to the upper end of the filter box (21), the bottom space of the filter box (21) is connected to the two hollow plates (10) through an air intake pipe (23), and a second rack (47) is fixedly connected to the right side of the rectangular plate (1).

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