A tool changing device for the spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of tool changing for machine tools, and discloses a tool changing device for a spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod being fixedly connected to a rotating seat, the left and right sides of the rotating seat being fixedly connected to partitions, the middle portion of the lower surface of the partition being fixedly mounted with an electromagnet, the front of the rotating seat being fixedly mounted with a stepping motor, and the output shaft of the stepping motor passing through the lower portion of the rotating seat. The present invention rotates the rotating plate 180 degrees so that the rotating ring is located directly below the spindle, and then the rotating ring moves vertically upward, so that the rubber ring clamps the tool and the spindle releases the tool, thereby completing the removal of the tool; the rotating ring moves upward to clamp the tool, and then resets downward, the rotating plate rotates 180 degrees, and the rotating ring moves upward to install the tool on the spindle, thereby solving the problem that existing automatic tool changing devices require a large horizontal space and are difficult to meet the automatic tool changing needs of smaller production workshops and compact machine tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tool tool changing, and in particular to a spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Traditional machining centers currently on the market use a separate tool-changing control system. While the tool magazines in CNC machining centers vary, the tool-changing process remains the same. When the automatic tool changer receives a tool-changing command, the spindle immediately stops and stops at the tool-changing position, releasing the tool. The tool magazine then selects a tool, which moves with it to the tool-changing position, releasing the tool. The tool-changing arm simultaneously grabs the new and old tools from the magazine and spindle. After the tool changer rotates into position, it rotates the new and old tools to empty positions on the spindle and in the magazine, respectively. The spindle then clamps the tool, and the tool-changing arm returns to its original position, completing the tool change.

[0003] Existing automatic tool changers use a robot to clamp the tool and then rotate it 180 degrees horizontally to complete the tool change process. This requires a large amount of horizontal space, making automatic tool change impossible in space-constrained production workshops or compact machine tools, making it difficult to meet the needs of smaller production workshops and compact machine tools. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a CNC machine tool spindle tool changing device with the advantages of small size and precise tool changing, which is used to solve the problem that existing automatic tool changing devices require a large horizontal space and are difficult to meet the automatic tool changing needs of smaller production workshops and compact machine tools.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod being fixedly connected to a rotating seat, the left and right sides of the rotating seat being fixedly connected to partitions, the middle portion of the lower surface of the partition being fixedly mounted with an electromagnet, the front surface of the rotating seat being fixedly mounted with a stepper motor, the output shaft of the stepper motor passing through the lower portion of the rotating seat;

[0006] A rotating plate, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating plate are provided with mounting grooves, the interior of the mounting grooves is fixedly installed with permanent magnets, the interior of the rotating plate is provided with a mounting cavity, the right side of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to two connecting arms, the two connecting arms are symmetrically arranged, and the right part of the connecting arm is rotatably installed with a fixer;

[0007] The rotating ring has circular holes on both the front and back sides, and a ring groove inside the rotating ring. A rubber ring is fixedly installed inside the ring groove, and a counterweight ring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating ring. When the above structure is in operation, the stepper motor drives the rotating plate to rotate 180 degrees, so that the rotating ring is directly below the main shaft. The telescopic rod is then shortened, driving the rotating ring to move vertically upward until the tool is located in the middle of the rotating ring. At this time, the tool squeezes the rubber ring, clamping the tool, and the main shaft releases the tool, thereby completing the removal of the tool. When the rotating ring is directly below the tool to be replaced, the telescopic rod is shortened, allowing the rotating ring to clamp the tool, and then extends to reset. The stepper motor rotates forward 180 degrees, causing the rotating plate to contact the left partition. The left electromagnet is energized to attract the permanent magnet below, and the telescopic rod is shortened, so that the tool is installed on the main shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the fixer includes a shell, a T-shaped pin is movably installed inside the shell, a compression spring is fixedly connected between the T-shaped pin and the inner wall of the shell, and a pull rod fixedly connected to the T-shaped pin is provided in the middle of the compression spring, and the pull rod penetrates the outer end of the shell and is exposed. When the above structure is in operation, the pull rods on the front and rear sides are pulled to make the T-shaped pin squeeze the compression spring, thereby removing the rotating ring, placing rotating rings of other sizes on the two T-shaped pins, and loosening the pull rod to complete the replacement of rotating rings of different sizes.

[0009] The transmission gear is connected with the gear train of said sliding plate, and the sliding plate is connected with the gear of said sliding plate by a threaded rod, and the right end of said gear is connected with the gear train of said sliding plate.

[0010] Preferably, sliding grooves are provided on the inner sides of the two connecting arms, and the sliding grooves are adapted to the front and rear parts of the fixing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the two partitions are horizontally flush, the rotating plate contacts the bottom surface of the upper partition, and the rotating plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor. If the above structure is able to work, the electromagnet is energized to adsorb the permanent magnet directly below, so that the upper surface of the rotating plate is in close contact with the partition, thereby ensuring that the rotating plate is in a horizontal state.

[0012] Preferably, the rubber ring protrudes from the ring groove, and the diameter of the circular hole is equal to the inner end diameter of the T-shaped pin. If the above structure is able to work, when the tool is located in the middle of the rotating ring, the tool will squeeze the rubber ring to clamp the tool.

[0013] Preferably, the housing is rotatably connected to the connecting arms, and the T-shaped pins on the front and rear sides are both inserted into the circular holes on the corresponding sides, so that the rotating ring is installed between the two connecting arms.

[0014] Preferably, the driving gear and the driven gear are both located inside the mounting cavity, the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, and the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the rotating plate.

[0015] Preferably, the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the rear connecting arm and is located inside the rear sliding groove, and the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the front connecting arm and is located inside the front sliding groove.

[0016] Preferably, the fixed plate is adapted to the left side of the rotating ring, and the front and rear parts of the fixed plate are slidably connected to the sliding grooves on the corresponding sides. If the above structure is in operation, the drive motor will work to drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear will drive the threaded rod to rotate through the driven gear, so that the fixed plate moves left and right along the sliding groove and the sliding rod, thereby realizing the limiting and rotation of the rotating ring by the fixed plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention works through a stepper motor to drive the rotating plate to rotate 180 degrees, so that the rotating ring is located directly below the main shaft, and then the telescopic rod is shortened, driving the rotating ring to move vertically upward until the tool is located in the middle of the rotating ring. At this time, the tool will squeeze the rubber ring, causing it to clamp the tool, and the main shaft to release the tool, thereby completing the removal of the tool; when the rotating ring is located directly below the replacement tool, the telescopic rod is shortened to allow the rotating ring to clamp the tool, and then it is extended to reset, and the stepper motor rotates 180 degrees forward, so that the rotating plate contacts the left partition, and the left electromagnet is energized to attract the permanent magnet below, and then the motor is driven to work, so that the fixed plate fixes the rotating ring, and the telescopic rod is shortened, so that the tool is installed on the main shaft, thereby solving the problem that the existing automatic tool changing device requires a large horizontal space. This cannot achieve automatic tool changing in production workshops or compact machine tools with limited space, and it is difficult to meet the needs of smaller production workshops and compact machine tools.

[0019] 2. The present invention drives the motor to work, driving the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives the threaded rod to rotate through the driven gear, so that the fixed plate moves an appropriate distance close to the driving motor, and the stepping motor reverses to drive the rotating plate to rotate one hundred and eighty degrees. During the process, under the action of the counterweight ring, the tool is always in a vertical downward state. After the rotating plate rotates, the driving motor reverses to drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives the threaded rod to rotate through the driven gear. The rotation of the threaded rod will cause the fixed plate to move away from the driving motor and close to the rotating ring. When the driving motor is in close contact with the rotating ring, the rotating ring is ensured to be in a horizontal state, that is, the tool is ensured to be in a vertical state, so that the tool can be accurately installed on the spindle or the empty space in the tool magazine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles disclosed in the present application in a clear and understandable manner.

[0021] The present disclosure can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A half-section schematic diagram of the rotating seat of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A half-section schematic diagram of the connecting arm of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0026] Figure 5 A half-section schematic diagram of a rotating plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A half-section schematic diagram of the rotating ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing plate of the present invention.

[0029] Among them: 1. telescopic rod; 2. rotating seat; 3. partition; 4. electromagnet; 5. stepping motor; 6. rotating plate; 7. mounting groove; 8. permanent magnet; 9. mounting cavity; 10. connecting arm; 11. fixer; 111. housing; 112. T-shaped pin; 113. compression spring; 114. pull rod; 12. rotating ring; 13. circular hole; 14. ring groove; 15. rubber ring; 16. counterweight ring; 17. driving motor; 18. driving gear; 19. driven gear; 20. threaded rod; 21. fixing plate; 22. sliding rod; 23. sliding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] See also Figure 1-7 , discloses a spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a telescopic rod 1, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 1 being fixedly connected to a rotating base 2, the left and right sides of the rotating base 2 being fixedly connected to partitions 3, an electromagnet 4 being fixedly mounted in the middle of the lower surface of the partition 3, a stepping motor 5 being fixedly mounted on the front of the rotating base 2, and the output shaft of the stepping motor 5 passing through the lower portion of the rotating base 2;

[0032] The rotating plate 6 has mounting grooves 7 on its upper and lower surfaces, a permanent magnet 8 is fixedly mounted inside the mounting groove 7, a mounting cavity 9 is formed inside the rotating plate 6, and two connecting arms 10 are fixedly connected to the right side of the rotating plate 6. The two connecting arms 10 are symmetrically arranged, and a holder 11 is rotatably mounted on the right side of the connecting arm 10;

[0033] A rotating ring 12 is provided with circular holes 13 on the front and back of the rotating ring 12, an annular groove 14 is provided inside the rotating ring 12, a rubber ring 15 is fixedly installed inside the annular groove 14, and a counterweight ring 16 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating ring 12;

[0034] Its function is to drive the rotating plate 6 to rotate one hundred and eighty degrees through the operation of the stepper motor 5, so that the rotating ring 12 is located directly below the main shaft, and then the telescopic rod 1 is shortened, driving the rotating ring 12 to move vertically upward until the tool is located in the middle of the rotating ring 12. At this time, the tool will squeeze the rubber ring 15, so that it clamps the tool and the main shaft releases the tool, thereby completing the removal of the tool; when the rotating ring 12 is located directly below the tool to be replaced, the telescopic rod 1 is shortened to allow the rotating ring 12 to clamp the tool, and then extend and reset, and the stepper motor 5 rotates one hundred and eighty degrees forward, so that the rotating plate 6 contacts the left partition 3, and the left electromagnet 4 is energized to attract the permanent magnet 8 below, and the telescopic rod 1 is shortened, so that the tool is installed on the main shaft, thereby solving the problem that the existing automatic tool changing device requires a larger horizontal space. This cannot achieve automatic tool changing in production workshops or compact machine tools with limited space, and it is difficult to meet the needs of smaller production workshops and compact machine tools.

[0035] Among them, the fixer 11 includes a shell 111, and a T-shaped pin 112 is movably installed inside the shell 111. A compression spring 113 is fixedly connected between the T-shaped pin 112 and the inner wall of the shell 111. A pull rod 114 fixedly connected to the T-shaped pin 112 is provided in the middle of the compression spring 113. The pull rod 114 penetrates the outer end of the shell 111 and is exposed. Its function is to pull the pull rods 114 on the front and rear sides so that the T-shaped pin 112 squeezes the compression spring 113, thereby removing the rotating ring 12, placing the rotating rings 12 of other sizes on the two T-shaped pins 112, and loosening the pull rod 114 to complete the replacement of rotating rings 12 of different sizes.

[0036] Among them, a driving motor 17 is fixedly installed on the right side of the rotating plate 6, and a driving gear 18 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor 17. A driven gear 19 is meshed with the rear side of the driving gear 18. A threaded rod 20 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the driven gear 19. The right end of the threaded rod 20 is threadedly connected to a fixed plate 21. The front part of the fixed plate 21 is slidably connected to a sliding rod 22.

[0037] Its function is that the drive motor 17 works to drive the drive gear 18 to rotate, and the drive gear 18 drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate through the driven gear 19, so that the fixed plate 21 moves an appropriate distance close to the drive motor 17, and the stepper motor 5 reverses to drive the rotating plate 6 to rotate one hundred and eighty degrees. During the process, under the action of the counterweight ring 16, the tool is always in a vertical downward state. After the rotating plate 6 rotates, the drive motor 17 reverses to drive the drive gear 18 to rotate, and the drive gear 18 drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate through the driven gear 19. The rotation of the threaded rod 20 will cause the fixed plate 21 to move away from the drive motor 17 and close to the rotating ring 12. When the drive motor 17 is in close contact with the rotating ring 12, the rotating ring 12 is ensured to be in a horizontal state, that is, the tool is ensured to be in a vertical state, so that the tool can be accurately installed on the spindle or the empty space in the tool magazine.

[0038] Among them, the inner sides of the two connecting arms 10 are provided with sliding grooves 23, which are adapted to the front and rear parts of the fixing plate 21;

[0039] Among them, the two partitions 3 are horizontally flush, the rotating plate 6 contacts the bottom surface of the upper partition 3, and the rotating plate 6 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor 5. Its function is that the electromagnet 4 is energized to adsorb the permanent magnet 8 directly below, so that the upper surface of the rotating plate 6 is in close contact with the partition 3, thereby ensuring that the rotating plate 6 is in a horizontal state.

[0040] The rubber ring 15 protrudes from the annular groove 14 , and the diameter of the circular hole 13 is equal to the inner diameter of the T-shaped pin 112 . Its function is that when the tool is located in the middle of the rotating ring 12 , the tool will squeeze the rubber ring 15 to clamp the tool.

[0041] The housing 111 is rotatably connected to the connecting arms 10 , and the T-shaped pins 112 on the front and rear sides are both inserted into the circular holes 13 on the corresponding sides, thereby installing the rotating ring 12 between the two connecting arms 10 .

[0042] Among them, the driving gear 18 and the driven gear 19 are both located inside the mounting cavity 9, the threaded rod 20 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 6, and the sliding rod 22 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 6; the threaded rod 20 is rotatably connected to the rear connecting arm 10 and is located inside the rear sliding groove 23, and the sliding rod 22 is fixedly connected to the front connecting arm 10 and is located inside the front sliding groove 23; the fixed plate 21 is adapted to the left side of the rotating ring 12, and the front and rear parts of the fixed plate 21 are slidably connected to the sliding groove 23 on the corresponding side. Its function is to drive the motor 17 to work and drive the driving gear 18 to rotate, and the driving gear 18 drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate through the driven gear 19, so that the fixed plate 21 moves left and right along the sliding groove 23 and the sliding rod 22, thereby realizing the limiting and rotation of the rotating ring 12 by the fixed plate 21.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] When changing the tool on the spindle, the telescopic rod 1 is extended, driving the rotating seat 2, the partition 3 and the rotating plate 6 to move downward to an appropriate distance as a whole. Then the electromagnet 4 above the rotating plate 6 is powered off, and the electromagnet 4 will no longer attract the permanent magnet 8 below. Then the stepper motor 5 works, driving the rotating plate 6 to rotate 180 degrees until the lower surface of the rotating plate 6 contacts the partition 3 on the left. At this time, the electromagnet 4 on the left is energized to attract the permanent magnet 8 directly below. The machine tool controls the spindle and the tool to move until the central axis of the spindle and the tool is collinear with the central axis of the rotating ring 12 and the spindle and the tool are directly above the rotating ring 12.

[0045] The telescopic rod 1 is shortened, driving the rotating ring 12 to move vertically upward until the tool is in the middle of the rotating ring 12. At this time, the tool will squeeze the rubber ring 15 to clamp the tool, and the spindle will loosen the tool. Then the telescopic rod 1 is extended to an appropriate position, and the drive motor 17 works to drive the drive gear 18 to rotate. The drive gear 18 drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate through the driven gear 19, so that the fixed plate 21 moves close to the drive motor 17. When the fixed plate 21 moves to an appropriate distance, the electromagnet 4 on the left is powered off and will no longer attract the permanent magnet 8 below. The stepper motor 5 reverses and drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate one hundred and eighty degrees in the opposite direction. During this process, under the action of the counterweight ring 16, the tool is always in a vertical downward position. State, when the rotating plate 6 contacts the partition 3 on the right, the electromagnet 4 on the right is energized, attracting the permanent magnet 8 just below, so that the upper surface of the rotating plate 6 is in close contact with the partition 3, thereby ensuring that the rotating plate 6 is in a horizontal state, and then the driving motor 17 is reversed to drive the driving gear 18 to rotate, and the driving gear 18 drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate through the driven gear 19. The rotation of the threaded rod 20 will cause the fixed plate 21 to move away from the driving motor 17 and approach the rotating ring 12. When the driving motor 17 is in close contact with the rotating ring 12, it is ensured that the rotating ring 12 is in a horizontal state, that is, the tool is in a vertical state. Then the telescopic rod 1 is shortened, driving the tool to move upward, thereby placing the tool into the empty space in the tool magazine.

[0046] Then the telescopic rod 1 is extended, and the tool magazine moves the tool that needs to be replaced and installed to the top of the rotating ring 12. Then the telescopic rod 1 is shortened so that the rotating ring 12 clamps the tool, and then it is extended and reset. The drive motor 17 works to make the fixed plate 21 close to the drive motor 17. Then the right end electromagnet 4 is powered off, and the stepper motor 5 rotates forward 180 degrees to make the rotating plate 6 contact with the left partition 3. The left electromagnet 4 is powered on to attract the permanent magnet 8 below. Then the drive motor 17 works to make the fixed plate 21 fix the rotating ring 12, and the telescopic rod 1 is shortened, so that the tool is installed on the spindle.

[0047] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a telescopic rod (1), wherein the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (1) is fixedly connected to a rotating seat (2), characterized in that: The left and right sides of the rotating seat (2) are both fixedly connected with partitions (3), the middle part of the lower surface of the partition (3) is fixedly mounted with an electromagnet (4), the front side of the rotating seat (2) is fixedly mounted with a stepping motor (5), and the output shaft of the stepping motor (5) passes through the lower part of the rotating seat (2); A rotating plate (6), wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating plate (6) are both provided with mounting grooves (7), a permanent magnet (8) is fixedly installed inside the mounting groove (7), a mounting cavity (9) is provided inside the rotating plate (6), two connecting arms (10) are fixedly connected to the right side of the rotating plate (6), the two connecting arms (10) are symmetrically arranged, and a holder (11) is rotatably installed on the right side of the connecting arm (10); A rotating ring (12) is provided with circular holes (13) on the front and back of the rotating ring (12), a ring groove (14) is provided inside the rotating ring (12), a rubber ring (15) is fixedly installed inside the ring groove (14), and a counterweight ring (16) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating ring (12).

2. A CNC machine tool spindle tool changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixer (11) includes a shell (111), a T-shaped pin (112) is movably installed inside the shell (111), a compression spring (113) is fixedly connected between the T-shaped pin (112) and the inner wall of the shell (111), and a pull rod (114) fixedly connected to the T-shaped pin (112) is provided in the middle of the compression spring (113), and the pull rod (114) penetrates the outer end of the shell (111) and is exposed.

3. The spindle tool changing device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A driving motor (17) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the rotating plate (6), a driving gear (18) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor (17), a driven gear (19) is meshed with the rear side of the driving gear (18), a threaded rod (20) is fixedly connected to the middle portion of the driven gear (19), a fixed plate (21) is threadedly connected to the right end of the threaded rod (20), and a sliding rod (22) is slidably connected to the front portion of the fixed plate (21).

4. The spindle tool changing device of a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: Sliding grooves (23) are provided on the inner sides of the two connecting arms (10), and the sliding grooves (23) are adapted to the front and rear parts of the fixing plate (21).

5. The spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two partitions (3) are aligned horizontally, the rotating plate (6) contacts the bottom surface of the upper partition (3), and the rotating plate (6) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor (5).

6. The spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rubber ring (15) protrudes from the annular groove (14), and the diameter of the circular hole (13) is equal to the inner end diameter of the T-shaped pin (112).

7. The spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing (111) is rotatably connected to the connecting arm (10), and the T-shaped pins (112) on the front and rear sides are both inserted into the circular holes (13) on the corresponding sides, thereby installing the rotating ring (12) between the two connecting arms (10).

8. The spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving gear (18) and the driven gear (19) are both located inside the mounting cavity (9), the threaded rod (20) is rotatably connected to the rotating plate (6), and the sliding rod (22) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (6).

9. The spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The threaded rod (20) is rotatably connected to the rear connecting arm (10) and is located inside the rear sliding groove (23); the sliding rod (22) is fixedly connected to the front connecting arm (10) and is located inside the front sliding groove (23).

10. The spindle tool changing device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed plate (21) is adapted to the left side of the rotating ring (12), and the front and rear parts of the fixed plate (21) are slidably connected to the sliding grooves (23) on the corresponding sides.

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