Gravity type wharf block installation system and block installation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a gravity type wharf square block installation system and a square block installation method, and belongs to the technical field of wharf construction. The square block mounting system comprises a square block positioning device and a lifting appliance, the square block positioning device comprises a supporting frame and a positioning assembly. The supporting frame is supported at the water bottom, and a second lifting hole is formed in the top of the supporting frame; the positioning assembly comprises a positioning leaning beam and a telescopic piece; the positioning leaning beam is used for abutting against the front vertical face of the square block. The telescopic piece is connected between the supporting frame and the positioning leaning beam and stretches out and draws back in the longitudinal direction. The lifting appliance comprises a lifting frame, a lifting hook, an automatic hooking and unhooking assembly and a measuring tower; the hoisting frame is used for connecting hoisting equipment; the lifting hook is rotationally connected below the lifting frame and is used for connecting the first lifting hole of the square block or the second lifting hole of the square block positioning device; the automatic hooking and unhooking assembly is connected between the lifting hook and the lifting frame; the measuring tower is used for obtaining plane position data of the lifting appliance. According to the square block mounting system, the square block mounting efficiency can be improved, and the lifting appliance can adapt to the square block positioning device and the square block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wharf construction, and particularly relates to a gravity wharf block installation system and a block installation method. Background Art

[0002] A gravity wharf is a wharf structure form that relies on its own structure and the gravity of the filling material, including block wharfs, caisson wharfs, etc. Among them, the block wharf is composed of stacked and installed concrete blocks, and has the advantages of firm and durable structure, and can bear heavy loads. It is commonly used as a wharf for cargo handling or ship docking.

[0003] The installation of blocks in a block wharf usually uses large floating crane equipment for hoisting operations. During installation, the precast blocks need to be transported to the vicinity of the wharf to be built first, and then the blocks are lifted and accurately placed at the predetermined underwater bed position. During the entire block installation process, a large number of special equipment need to be invested, including special lifting tools for lifting blocks and positioning devices for block positioning, etc., and the equipment investment cost is high.

[0004] At the same time, during the installation of blocks, it is necessary to strictly control the position and level of the blocks to ensure the overall structural accuracy of the wharf, and the accurate positioning during the block installation process has always been a difficult problem. The block installation and positioning method provided by Patent CN114753295A realizes the accurate positioning of blocks through the cooperation of a special positioning frame and the manual operation of divers underwater, but the underwater manual operation has high risks and its positioning efficiency is low. Patent CN112694022A provides a special underwater block installation device. Although it avoids underwater manual operation, it needs to position each block once when installing a block, and the block installation efficiency is still low. In short, the existing positioning methods generally have the problems of low positioning efficiency and low block installation efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the block installation efficiency of gravity wharfs and reduce the investment in special equipment at the same time is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a gravity wharf block installation system and a block installation method. The gravity wharf block installation system can improve the block installation efficiency, and its lifting tool can be adapted to the hoisting of the block positioning device and the hoisting of blocks, reducing the investment in special equipment.

[0007] The present invention provides a gravity wharf block installation system. Taking the front-back direction of the gravity wharf as the longitudinal direction and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in the horizontal plane as the transverse direction, the block installation system includes: A block positioning device for defining the installation position of the gravity wharf block, which includes: A support frame, which is used to support on the bottom of the water and place in front of the preset construction position of a gravity quay. A second lifting hole identical to the first lifting hole at the top of the block is provided at the top of the support frame; A positioning assembly, which includes: A positioning abutment beam, which is arranged on one side of the support frame and extends horizontally, and is used to abut against the front elevation of the same row of blocks arranged horizontally to define the longitudinal position of the blocks; A telescopic member, one end of which is connected to the support frame and the other end is connected to the positioning abutment beam. It telescopically moves longitudinally to drive the positioning abutment beam to move longitudinally relative to the support frame to adjust the longitudinal position of the positioning abutment beam; A lifting tool, which is used to lift the block positioning device and the blocks, and includes: A lifting frame, which is used to connect the lifting equipment; A hook, which is rotatably connected below the lifting frame and is used to connect the first lifting hole of the block or the second lifting hole of the block positioning device; An automatic hook-on and hook-off assembly, which is connected between the hook and the lifting frame and is used to drive the hook to rotate relative to the lifting frame for hooking and unhooking; A measuring tower, which is fixedly installed above the lifting frame and is used to obtain the plane position data of the lifting tool.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the block positioning device, the positioning abutment beam is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks, and the positioning blocks are used to be inserted into the positioning grooves on the front elevation of the blocks to define the lateral position of the blocks. The arrangement of the plurality of positioning blocks is consistent with the arrangement of the positioning grooves of the same row of blocks arranged horizontally.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the block positioning device, the telescopic member is hinged to the support frame, and the positioning assembly further includes a rotary driving member; the rotary driving member is connected between the telescopic member and the support frame, and the rotary driving member is used to drive the telescopic member to drive the positioning abutment beam to rotate relative to the support frame to adjust the height of the positioning abutment beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the block positioning device, the positioning abutment beam is movably connected to the telescopic member to move horizontally relative to the telescopic member. The positioning assembly further includes a lateral movement driving member, and the lateral movement driving member is connected between the positioning abutment beam and the telescopic member. The lateral movement driving member is used to drive the positioning abutment beam to move horizontally relative to the telescopic member to adjust the lateral position of the positioning abutment beam.

[0011] In some of these embodiments, in the sling, the automatic hook-on and hook-off assembly includes a hook-off frame, a driver, and a connecting rod; the hook-off frame is slidably connected to the lifting frame to reciprocate up and down relative to the lifting frame in the vertical direction; the driver is fixed inside the lifting frame, and the output end of the driver is connected to the hook-off frame to drive the hook-off frame to lift; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the hook-off frame, and the other end is connected to the hook, so as to drive the hook to reciprocally rotate relative to the lifting frame to hook on and unhook when the hook-off frame reciprocates up and down relative to the lifting frame.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, in the sling, the hook includes a first hook piece and a second hook piece which are oppositely arranged, and the first hook piece and the second hook piece are respectively rotatably connected to the lifting frame to rotate relative to the lifting frame; the connecting rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod which are oppositely arranged on both sides of the hook, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the hook-off frame and the other end is connected to the first hook piece, and one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the hook-off frame and the other end is connected to the second hook piece; when the hook-off frame descends relative to the lifting frame, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod respectively drive the first hook piece and the second hook piece to rotate in opposite directions to open the first hook piece and the second hook piece to hook on; when the hook-off frame ascends relative to the lifting frame, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod respectively drive the first hook piece and the second hook piece to rotate in opposite directions relative to the lifting frame to close the first hook piece and the second hook piece to unhook.

[0013] In some of these embodiments, the measuring tower includes an upright frame installed on the lifting frame, and a positioning device is installed at the top of the upright frame.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for installing gravity quay blocks. The gravity quay block installation system described in any of the above technical solutions is used for block installation. The block installation method includes the following steps: Positioning of the block positioning device: Connect the block positioning device to the lifting equipment by using the sling, and use the lifting equipment to lift and place the block positioning device in front of the preset construction position of the underwater gravity quay; during the process of lifting and placing the block positioning device, use the measuring tower of the sling to obtain the plane position data of the sling in real time, convert to obtain the plane position data of the block positioning device, and control the lifting equipment according to the converted plane position data of the block positioning device to make the block positioning device be lifted and placed in place; when the block positioning device is in place, the positioning component of the block positioning device faces the preset construction position of the gravity quay, and the positioning support beam of the positioning component extends horizontally. Positioning of the positioning support beam: Drive the positioning support beam to move longitudinally relative to the support frame by telescoping the telescopic member longitudinally to adjust the longitudinal position of the positioning support beam, so that the positioning support beam is in place at the front edge of the preset installation position of the same row of blocks arranged horizontally to be installed. Block installation: Use a lifting tool to connect the blocks to be installed to the lifting equipment one by one, and use the lifting equipment to lift and place the blocks underwater one by one in the order from one transverse end to the other; when installing the blocks, make the front facade of the block abut against the positioning beam so that the blocks are installed in place longitudinally.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, during the block installation step, when installing the blocks, it further includes: making the positioning blocks at the corresponding positions of the blocks snap into the positioning grooves on the front facade of the blocks so that the blocks are installed in place transversely.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, during the positioning beam positioning step, it further includes: driving the telescopic member by a rotary driving member to drive the positioning beam to rotate relative to the support frame to adjust the height of the positioning beam so that the height of the positioning beam reaches the height of the block layer to be installed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The gravity quay block installation system provided by the present invention realizes the positioning of the blocks through the block positioning device. The block positioning device is supported by the support frame, and the positioning beam is connected to the support frame through the telescopic member. The longitudinal position of the positioning beam is adjusted through the telescopic of the telescopic member, and then through the one-time positioning of the positioning beam, the positioning installation of the entire row of blocks is realized, significantly improving the block installation efficiency, and by abutting the front facade of the block with the positioning beam, it can ensure the smoothness of the front edge line of the installed blocks; 2. The gravity quay block installation system provided by the present invention has a lifting tool that can be commonly used for the lifting of the block positioning device and the blocks, reducing the investment in special lifting tools, and a measuring tower is integrated on the lifting tool, which can obtain the plane position data of the lifting tool in real time, and then obtain the plane position data of the block positioning device or the blocks it hoists, so as to facilitate timely adjustment of the lifting position of the block positioning device or the blocks to ensure accurate hoisting; 3. For the gravity quay block installation system provided by the present invention, the positioning operation of the block positioning device underwater and the unhooking operation of the lifting tool underwater do not require construction personnel to dive underwater for operation, reducing the construction risk; 4. The gravity quay block installation method provided by the present invention uses the block positioning device to install the blocks, and realizes the positioning installation of the entire row of blocks through the positioning beam of the block positioning device, significantly improving the block installation efficiency and shortening the construction period; at the same time, using the same lifting tool to hoist the block positioning device and the blocks reduces the investment in special equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a block positioning device in a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Usage state diagram of a block positioning device in a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention when installing a block; Figure 4 For Figure 2 Partial enlarged view at position A in Figure 5 For Figure 2 Partial enlarged view at position B in Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of a spreader in a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Assembly schematic diagram of a lifting frame, a hook and an automatic hook-on / hook-off assembly in a hooked state in a spreader of a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Assembly schematic diagram of a lifting frame, a hook and an automatic hook-on / hook-off assembly in an unhooked state in a spreader of a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 For Figure 7 Corresponding exploded view; Figure 10 Usage state diagram of a spreader in a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention when hoisting a block; Figure 11 Schematic construction process diagram of installing a block using a gravity quay block installation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Block positioning device; 2. Spreader; 3. Block 11. Support frame; 111. Second lifting hole; 12. Positioning assembly; 121. Positioning beam; 1211. Positioning block; 1212. Gasket; 1213. Square column; 122. Telescopic member; 123. Rotary drive member; 124. Transverse movement drive member; 21. Lifting frame; 211. Lifting member; 212. Lifting lug; 213. Pin shaft; 214. Guide tube; 22. Hook; 221. First hook piece; 222. Second hook piece; 23. Automatic hook-on and hook-off assembly; 231. Hook-off frame; 2311. Guide post; 232. Driver; 233. Link; 2331. First link; 2331a. First branch rod section of the first link; 2331b. Second branch rod section of the first link; 2332. Second link; 2332a. First branch rod section of the second link; 2332b. Second branch rod section of the second link; 24. Measuring tower; 241. Upright frame; 242. Positioning device; 31. First lifting hole; 32. Positioning groove. Detailed implementation manner

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "lateral" and "longitudinal" are as Figure 3 shown, and the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0024] As shown in the attached Figures 1-3 and Figures 6-10As shown, in a schematic embodiment of the gravity quay block installation system of the present invention, taking the front-back direction of the gravity quay as the longitudinal direction and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in the horizontal plane as the transverse direction, the block installation system includes a block positioning device 1 and a spreader 2; the block positioning device 1 is used to define the installation position of the gravity quay block 3, and it includes a support frame 11 and a positioning component 12; the support frame 11 is used to support on the bottom of the water in front of the preset construction position of the gravity quay, and a second lifting hole 111 identical to the first lifting hole 31 at the top of the block 3 is provided at the top of the support frame 11; the positioning component 12 includes a positioning beam 121 and a telescopic member 122; the positioning beam 121 is arranged on one side of the support frame 11 and extends along the transverse direction, and is used to abut against the front facade of the same row of blocks 3 arranged along the transverse direction to define the longitudinal position of the block 3; one end of the telescopic member 122 is connected to the support frame 11, and the other end is connected to the positioning beam 121. The telescopic member 122 telescopically moves along the longitudinal direction to drive the positioning beam 121 to move longitudinally relative to the support frame 11, so as to adjust the longitudinal position of the positioning beam 121; the spreader 2 is used to hoist the block positioning device 1 and the block 3, and it includes a lifting frame 21, a hook 22, an automatic hook-on and hook-off component 23 and a measuring tower 24; the lifting frame 21 is used to connect the lifting equipment; the hook 22 is rotatably connected below the lifting frame 21 and is used to connect the first lifting hole 31 of the block 3 or the second lifting hole 111 of the block positioning device 1; the automatic hook-on and hook-off component 23 is connected between the hook 22 and the lifting frame 21 and is used to drive the hook 22 to rotate relative to the lifting frame 21 for hooking and unhooking; the measuring tower 24 is fixedly installed above the lifting frame 21 and is used to obtain the plane position data of the spreader 2.

[0025] The working principle of the above-mentioned gravity quay block installation system is as follows: Use the spreader 2 to hoist and place the block positioning device 1 in front of the preset construction position of the gravity quay. During hoisting and placing, the plane position data of the spreader 2 is obtained in real time through the measuring tower 24 carried by the spreader 2, and then the plane position data of the block positioning device 1 is obtained to position the block positioning device 1 to ensure that the block positioning device 1 is accurately in place; after the block positioning device 1 is hoisted and placed in place, the telescopic member 122 can be telescoped to drive the positioning beam 121 to move longitudinally away from or close to the support frame 11, so as to realize the adjustment of the longitudinal position of the positioning beam 121; since the first lifting hole 31 of the block 3 is the same as the second lifting hole 111 of the block positioning device 1, after the positioning beam 121 is in place, the same spreader 2 can be used to hoist the block 3 to the underwater installation. During the hoisting process, the plane position data of the spreader 2 is obtained in real time through the measuring tower 24 of the spreader 2, and then the plane position data of the block 3 is obtained to timely adjust the hoisting position of the block 3; when installing the block 3, by making the front facade of the block 3 abut against the positioning beam 121, the longitudinal position of the same row of blocks 3 arranged along the transverse direction can be defined by the positioning beam 121, and the rapid installation of the whole row of blocks 3 arranged along the transverse direction can be realized.

[0026] The above gravity quay block installation system positions the block 3 through the block positioning device 1. The block positioning device 1 is supported by the support frame 11. The positioning beam 121 is connected to the support frame 11 through the telescopic member 122. The longitudinal position of the positioning beam 121 is adjusted by the telescopic movement of the telescopic member 122. Then, through the one-time placement of the positioning beam 121, the positioning and installation of the whole row of blocks 3 are realized, significantly improving the installation efficiency of the blocks 3. And by the positioning beam 121 abutting against the front facade of the block 3, the front edge line of the installed block 3 can be ensured to be smooth. At the same time, in the above gravity quay block installation system, the spreader 2 can be commonly used for the hoisting of the block positioning device 1 and the block 3, reducing the investment in the special spreader 2. And a measuring tower 24 is integrated on the spreader 2, which can obtain the plane position data of the spreader 2 in real time, and then obtain the plane position data of the block positioning device 1 or the block 3 being hoisted, so as to timely adjust the hoisting position of the block positioning device 1 or the block 3 and ensure accurate hoisting. In addition, in the above gravity quay block installation system, the underwater positioning operation of the block positioning device 1 and the underwater unhooking operation of the spreader 2 do not require construction personnel to dive underwater for operation, reducing the construction risk.

[0027] Regarding the block positioning device 1, the details are as follows: As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in the block positioning device 1, the telescopic member 122 is hinged to the support frame 11, and the positioning assembly 12 further includes a rotation driving member 123; the rotation driving member 123 is connected between the telescopic member 122 and the support frame 11, and the rotation driving member 123 is used to drive the telescopic member 122 to drive the positioning beam 121 to rotate relative to the support frame 11 to adjust the height of the positioning beam 121. By driving the telescopic member 122 by the rotation driving member 123 to drive the positioning beam 121 to rotate relative to the support frame 11, the height of the positioning beam 121 can be adjusted, so as to be applicable to the installation of blocks 3 on different layers. It should be noted that the rotation driving member 123 is specifically a pneumatic telescopic rod or a hydraulic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to be applicable to the installation of more layers of blocks 3 and avoid the over-large size of the telescopic member 122, preferably, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in the block positioning device 1, there are multiple groups of positioning assemblies 12, and the multiple groups of positioning assemblies 12 are spaced apart from top to bottom on the same side of the support frame 11, and the positioning beams 121 of the multiple groups of positioning assemblies 12 are arranged in parallel. By positioning and installing different layers of blocks 3 through the positioning assemblies 12 at different heights, the rotation range of the telescopic member 122 can be reduced, avoiding the large-stroke telescopic movement of the telescopic member 122, significantly reducing the size of the telescopic member 122, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability. Specifically, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, there are two sets of positioning components 12. One set of positioning components 12 is arranged near the lower part of the support frame 11 and is used for positioning and installing the lower three layers of blocks 3 of the gravity wharf. The other set of positioning components 12 is arranged near the upper part of the support frame 11 and is used for positioning and installing the upper three layers of blocks 3 of the gravity wharf.

[0029] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in the block positioning device 1, the positioning beam 121 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 1211. The positioning blocks 1211 are used to be inserted into the positioning grooves 32 on the front facade of the block 3 to limit the lateral position of the block 3. The arrangement of the plurality of positioning blocks 1211 is consistent with the arrangement of the positioning grooves 32 of the blocks 3 in the same row arranged horizontally. Through the matching design of the set positioning blocks 1211 and the positioning grooves 32 on the front facade of the block 3, the rapid positioning of the lateral position of the block 3 can be realized, and through the cooperation of the positioning blocks 1211 and the positioning grooves 32 on the front facade of the block 3, the hoisted block 3 can be quickly stabilized, further improving the installation efficiency of the block 3.

[0030] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the positioning beam 121 is cylindrical, and the positioning blocks 1211 are arc-shaped and bent and cover the outer periphery of the side of the positioning beam 121 facing away from the support frame 11; wherein, the radius of curvature of the arc surface of the positioning blocks 1211 fitting on the outer periphery of the positioning beam 121 is the same as the radius of the outer peripheral surface of the positioning beam 121, so that the positioning blocks 1211 cover the outer periphery of the positioning beam 121. The cooperation of the cylindrical positioning beam 121 and the arc-shaped bent positioning blocks 1211 is convenient for the cooperation of the positioning blocks 1211 and the positioning grooves 32 on the front facade of the block 3.

[0031] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, gaskets 1212 for adjusting the width of the positioning blocks 1211 are detachably installed on both sides of the positioning blocks 1211. By installing different numbers of gaskets 1212 on both sides of the positioning blocks 1211, the width of the positioning blocks 1211 can be adjusted, so as to adapt to positioning grooves 32 of different widths, improving the versatility and adaptability of the block positioning device 1. Specifically, the gaskets 1212 can be connected to both sides of the positioning blocks 1211 by screws.

[0032] As Figure 5As shown, in the square positioning device 1, the positioning beam 121 is movably connected to the telescopic member 122 to move transversely relative to the telescopic member 122. The positioning assembly 12 further includes a transverse movement driving member 124. The transverse movement driving member 124 is connected between the positioning beam 121 and the telescopic member 122. The transverse movement driving member 124 is used to drive the positioning beam 121 to move transversely relative to the telescopic member 122 to adjust the position of the positioning beam 121 in the transverse direction. By setting the transverse movement driving member 124 to drive the positioning beam 121 to move transversely relative to the rotating member, the position of the positioning beam 121 in the transverse direction can be adjusted so that the positioning beam 121 is accurately positioned in the transverse direction. It should be noted that the part of the positioning beam 121 for connecting the telescopic member 122 is a square column 1213. The square column 1213 is sleeved on the free end of the telescopic member 122. The square column 1213 can drive the positioning beam 121 to move transversely relative to the telescopic member 122 but cannot rotate relative to the telescopic member 122, avoiding the rotation of the positioning beam 121 during transverse movement. Specifically, the transverse movement driving member 124 can be a pneumatic telescopic rod or a hydraulic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod.

[0033] Regarding the spreader 2, the details are as follows: As Figures 7-9 shown, in the spreader 2, the automatic hook-on and hook-off assembly 23 includes a hook-off frame 231, a driver 232, and a connecting rod 233; the hook-off frame 231 is slidably connected to the lifting frame 21 to reciprocally lift and lower relative to the lifting frame 21 in the vertical direction; the driver 232 is fixed inside the lifting frame 21, and the output end of the driver 232 is connected to the hook-off frame 231 to drive the hook-off frame 231 to lift and lower; one end of the connecting rod 233 is hinged to the hook-off frame 231, and the other end is connected to the hook 22 to drive the hook 22 to reciprocally rotate relative to the lifting frame 21 to hook on and hook off when the hook-off frame 231 reciprocally lifts and lowers relative to the lifting frame 21. During use, the driver 232 drives the hook-off frame 231 to lift and lower. The bottom of the hook-off frame 231 is hinged to the connecting rod 233. The hook-off frame 231 drives the connecting rod 233 to move, and the connecting rod 233 drives the hook 22 to rotate, thereby realizing automatic hook-on and automatic hook-off. In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the hook-off frame 231, the driver 232, and the connecting rod 233, automatic hook-on and automatic hook-off of the hook 22 are realized. When hoisting the square positioning device 1 or the square 3, there is no need for manual hook-on and hook-off operations, which greatly improves the efficiency and safety of the hoisting operation, reduces the risk of manual operation, reduces human operation errors, improves the operation efficiency, and meets the engineering requirements for hoisting a large number of squares 3.

[0034] Regarding the hook 22, it should be noted that as Figures 7-10As shown in the figure, the lifting hook 22 includes a first hook piece 221 and a second hook piece 222 which are oppositely arranged. The first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 are respectively rotatably connected to the lifting frame 21 to rotate relative to the lifting frame 21; the connecting rod 233 includes a first connecting rod 2331 and a second connecting rod 2332 which are oppositely arranged on both sides of the lifting hook 22. One end of the first connecting rod 2331 is hinged to the unhooking frame 231, and the other end is connected to the first hook piece 221. One end of the second connecting rod 2332 is hinged to the unhooking frame 231, and the other end is connected to the second hook piece 222; when the unhooking frame 231 descends relative to the lifting frame 21, the first connecting rod 2331 and the second connecting rod 2332 respectively drive the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 to rotate in opposite directions so that the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 open to hook; when the unhooking frame 231 ascends relative to the lifting frame 21, the first connecting rod 2331 and the second connecting rod 2332 respectively drive the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 to rotate in opposite directions relative to the lifting frame 21 so that the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 close to unhook. With the above structure, when hooking, the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 can open to form a more stable hooking state; when unhooking, the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 can quickly close to achieve quick unhooking. Compared with the design of a single hook piece, the structure of the cooperation of the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 can better adapt to lifting holes of different shapes and sizes, improve the versatility of the lifting tool 2, and improve the reliability of hooking and unhooking, reducing possible failures during the hoisting process. It should also be noted that, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the lifting hook 22 includes two first hook pieces 221 and one second hook piece 222. When closed, the second hook piece 222 is located between the two first hook pieces 221. Through the setting of multiple hook pieces, the stability and load-bearing capacity of the lifting hook 22 can be enhanced to meet the hoisting requirements of the large-weight square positioning device 1 and the square 3; at the same time, the load can be more evenly distributed, avoiding excessive single-point stress and improving the safety and reliability of the hoisting process.

[0035] Regarding the connection between the lifting hook 22 and the lifting frame 21, it should be noted that, as Figure 9 shown, the bottom of the lifting frame 21 is provided with a lug 212 for installing the lifting hook 22. The lug 212 is provided with a pin shaft 213, and the lifting hook 22 is sleeved on the pin shaft 213 to be hinged to the lug 212. Through the setting of the lug 212 and the pin shaft 213, the lifting hook 22 can rotate freely to adapt to hoisting requirements at different angles, and at the same time simplifies the installation and disassembly process of the lifting hook 22, improving the flexibility and maintenance convenience of the lifting tool 2.

[0036] Regarding the lifting frame 21, it should be noted that, as Figure 9As shown in the figure, a lifting member 211 for connecting a lifting device is installed above the lifting frame 21. Through the arrangement of the lifting member 211, the connection between the lifting tool 2 and the lifting device is made more stable, capable of withstanding a greater load, and at the same time facilitating quick installation and disassembly.

[0037] Regarding the driver 232, it should be noted that as Figure 9 shown in the figure, the driver 232 adopts a hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the lifting frame 21, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the hook - releasing frame 231. When the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder extends, it drives the hook - releasing frame 231 to move upward, and the first connecting rod 2331 and the second connecting rod 2332 respectively drive the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 to tend to close. When the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder retracts, it drives the hook - releasing frame 231 to move downward, and the first connecting rod 2331 and the second connecting rod 2332 respectively drive the first hook piece 221 and the second hook piece 222 to tend to open. Using a hydraulic cylinder as the driver 232 facilitates the realization of the automatic operation of the hook 22, and the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder is large, which can meet the lifting requirements of the large - weight block positioning device 1 and the block 3. Preferably, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder, and the magnetostrictive displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement of the piston rod, so as to obtain the state of the hook 22. Through the arrangement of the magnetostrictive displacement sensor, the opening and closing state of the hook 22 can be monitored in real time, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the lifting process, and at the same time providing real - time feedback for the operator, facilitating timely adjustment and exception handling, and further improving the reliability and intelligent level of the lifting operation.

[0038] In order to control the lifting direction of the hook - releasing frame 231, as Figure 9 shown in the figure, the lifting frame 21 is provided with a guide tube 214, and the hook - releasing frame 231 is fixedly connected with a guide post 2311. The guide post 2311 is sleeved inside the guide tube 214 and is in sliding fit with the guide tube 214. Through the arrangement of the guide tube 214 and the guide post 2311, the stability and accuracy of the hook - releasing frame 231 during lifting are ensured, avoiding the hook - releasing frame 231 from shaking or shifting during the movement process, and improving the reliability and operation efficiency of the lifting tool 2.

[0039] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown in the figure, the connecting rod 233 is connected to the lower end of the guide post 2311, so as to facilitate directly driving the connecting rod 233 to move by the guide post 2311. Further, as Figure 9As shown in the figure, the first connecting rod 2331 includes a first rod section 2331a and a second rod section 2331b of the first connecting rod. The first rod section 2331a of the first connecting rod is hinged to the guide post 2311. One end of the second rod section 2331b of the first connecting rod is hinged to the first rod section 2331a of the first connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the first hook 221. The second connecting rod 2332 includes a first rod section 2332a and a second rod section 2332b of the second connecting rod. The first rod section 2332a of the second connecting rod is hinged to the guide post 2311. One end of the second rod section 2332b of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first rod section 2332a of the second connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the second hook 222. The connecting rod 233 with a segmented design makes the movement of the connecting rod 233 more flexible and can better adapt to the opening and closing actions of the lifting hook 22.

[0040] Regarding the measuring tower 24, it should be noted that as Figure 6 shown in the figure, the measuring tower 24 includes an upright frame 241 installed on the lifting frame 21, and a positioning device 242 is installed at the top of the upright frame 241. By providing the upright frame 241, it can ensure that the positioning device 242 is always exposed above the water surface for easy positioning. The positioning device 242 can use GPS or a prism, and the plane position is obtained through the cooperation of the prism and the total station.

[0041] Based on the above gravity quay block installation system, the present invention also provides a gravity quay block installation method. The above gravity quay block installation system is used to install the block 3. As Figure 11 shown in the figure, the block installation method includes the following steps: S1 Placement of the block positioning device: The block positioning device 1 is connected to the lifting equipment by the lifting tool 2, and the block positioning device 1 is lifted and placed in front of the preset construction position of the underwater gravity quay by the lifting equipment. During the process of lifting and placing the block positioning device 1, the plane position data of the lifting tool 2 is obtained in real time by using the measuring tower 24 of the lifting tool 2, and the plane position data of the block positioning device 1 is obtained through conversion. According to the converted plane position data of the block positioning device 1, the lifting equipment is controlled to make the block positioning device 1 lifted and placed in place. When the block positioning device 1 is in place, the positioning component 12 of the block positioning device 1 faces the preset construction position of the gravity quay, and the positioning beam 121 of the positioning component 12 extends horizontally. S2 Placement of the positioning beam: The positioning beam 121 is driven to move longitudinally relative to the support frame 11 along the longitudinal direction by the telescopic member 122 to adjust the longitudinal position of the positioning beam 121 so that the positioning beam 121 is in place at the front edge of the preset installation position of the same row of blocks 3 arranged horizontally to be installed. Installation of Block S3: Use the lifting tool 2 to connect the blocks 3 to be installed to the lifting equipment one by one, and then use the lifting equipment to lift and place the blocks 3 underwater one by one in the order from one transverse end to the other; when installing the blocks 3, make the front facade of the block 3 abut against the positioning beam 121 so that the block 3 is installed in place longitudinally.

[0042] For the above method for installing blocks of the gravity quay, the block positioning device 1 is used to install the blocks 3, and the positioning of the entire row of blocks 3 is achieved through the positioning beam 121 of the block positioning device 1, significantly improving the installation efficiency of the blocks 3 and shortening the construction period; at the same time, the same lifting tool 2 is used to hoist the block positioning device 1 and the blocks 3, reducing the investment in special equipment.

[0043] It should be noted that in the S3 block installation step, when installing the block 3, it also includes: making the positioning block 1211 at the corresponding position of the block 3 snap into the positioning groove 32 on the front facade of the block 3 so that the block 3 is installed in place transversely.

[0044] It should also be noted that in the S2 positioning beam placement step, it also includes: driving the telescopic member 122 by the rotation driving member 123 to drive the positioning beam 121 to rotate relative to the support frame 11 to adjust the height of the positioning beam 121 so that the height of the positioning beam 121 reaches the height of the block layer to be installed.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the S3 block installation step, when there are multiple groups of positioning components 12 of the block positioning device 1, first use the positioning component 12 located below to install the blocks 3 in the lower layer. When the positioning beam 121 of the positioning component 12 located below cannot be placed in the block layer to be installed, use the positioning component 12 located above to install the blocks 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are two groups of positioning components 12. The lower three layers of blocks 3 of the gravity quay are installed using the positioning component 12 located below the support frame 11, and the upper three layers of blocks 3 are installed using the positioning component 12 located above the support frame 11.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that: the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still can modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or perform equivalent replacements for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. Gravity quay block installation system, characterized in that, Taking the longitudinal direction of the gravity quay as the longitudinal direction and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in the horizontal plane as the transverse direction, the block installation system includes: A block positioning device for defining the installation position of the blocks of the gravity quay, which includes: A support frame for supporting on the bottom of the water to be placed in front of the preset construction position of the gravity quay. A second lifting hole identical to the first lifting hole at the top of the block is provided at the top of the support frame; A positioning assembly, which includes: A positioning abutment beam, which is arranged on one side of the support frame and extends along the transverse direction, and is used to abut against the front facade of the blocks arranged in the same row along the transverse direction to define the longitudinal position of the blocks; A telescopic member, one end of which is connected to the support frame and the other end is connected to the positioning abutment beam. It telescopically moves along the longitudinal direction to drive the positioning abutment beam to move longitudinally relative to the support frame to adjust the longitudinal position of the positioning abutment beam; A lifting tool for lifting the block positioning device and the block, which includes: A lifting frame for connecting a lifting device; A lifting hook, which is rotatably connected below the lifting frame and is used to connect the first lifting hole of the block or the second lifting hole of the block positioning device; An automatic hook-on and hook-off assembly, which is connected between the lifting hook and the lifting frame and is used to drive the lifting hook to rotate relative to the lifting frame for hooking and unhooking; A measuring tower, which is fixedly installed above the lifting frame and is used to obtain the plane position data of the lifting tool.

2. The gravity quay block installation system according to claim 1, wherein, In the block positioning device, a plurality of positioning blocks are provided on the positioning abutment beam. The positioning blocks are used to be inserted into the positioning grooves on the front facade of the blocks to define the transverse position of the blocks. The arrangement of the plurality of positioning blocks is consistent with the arrangement of the positioning grooves of the blocks arranged in the same row along the transverse direction.

3. The gravity quay block installation system according to claim 1, wherein In the block positioning device, the telescopic member is hinged to the support frame, and the positioning assembly further includes a rotation driving member; the rotation driving member is connected between the telescopic member and the support frame, and the rotation driving member is used to drive the telescopic member to drive the positioning abutment beam to rotate relative to the support frame to adjust the height of the positioning abutment beam.

4. The gravity quay block installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the block positioning device, the positioning abutment beam is movably connected to the telescopic member to move transversely relative to the telescopic member. The positioning assembly further includes a transverse movement driving member. The transverse movement driving member is connected between the positioning abutment beam and the telescopic member, and the transverse movement driving member is used to drive the positioning abutment beam to move transversely relative to the telescopic member to adjust the transverse position of the positioning abutment beam.

5. The gravity quay block installation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the lifting tool, the automatic hook-on and hook-off assembly includes a hook-off frame, a driver and a connecting rod; the hook-off frame is slidably connected to the lifting frame to reciprocally lift vertically relative to the lifting frame; The driver is fixed inside the lifting frame, and the output end of the driver is connected to the hook-off frame to drive the hook-off frame to lift; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the hook-off frame and the other end is connected to the lifting hook to drive the lifting hook to reciprocally rotate relative to the lifting frame for hooking and unhooking when the hook-off frame reciprocally lifts relative to the lifting frame.

6. The gravity quay block installation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the sling, the hook includes a first hook piece and a second hook piece which are oppositely arranged. The first hook piece and the second hook piece are respectively rotatably connected to the lifting frame to rotate relative to the lifting frame. The connecting rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod which are oppositely arranged on both sides of the hook. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the unhooking frame and the other end is connected to the first hook piece. One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the unhooking frame and the other end is connected to the second hook piece. When the unhooking frame descends relative to the lifting frame, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod respectively drive the first hook piece and the second hook piece to rotate in opposite directions so that the first hook piece and the second hook piece open to hook. When the unhooking frame ascends relative to the lifting frame, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod respectively drive the first hook piece and the second hook piece to rotate in opposite directions relative to the lifting frame so that the first hook piece and the second hook piece close to unhook.

7. The gravity quay block installation system according to claim 1, wherein, The measuring tower includes a vertical frame installed on the lifting frame, and a positioning device is installed at the top of the vertical frame.

8. Method for installing concrete blocks of a gravity quay wall, characterized in that, When using the gravity quay block installation system according to any one of claims 1-7 for block installation, the block installation method includes the following steps: Positioning of the block positioning device: Connect the block positioning device to the lifting equipment by using the sling, and use the lifting equipment to lift and place the block positioning device in front of the preset construction position of the underwater gravity quay. During the process of lifting and placing the block positioning device, use the measuring tower of the sling to obtain the plane position data of the sling in real time, convert to obtain the plane position data of the block positioning device, and control the lifting equipment according to the converted plane position data of the block positioning device so that the block positioning device is lifted and placed in place. When the block positioning device is in place, the positioning component of the block positioning device faces the preset construction position of the gravity quay, and the positioning beam of the positioning component extends horizontally. Positioning of the positioning beam: Drive the positioning beam to move longitudinally relative to the support frame by the telescopic member to adjust the longitudinal position of the positioning beam so that the positioning beam is in place at the front edge of the preset installation position of the same row of blocks arranged horizontally to be installed. Block installation: Connect the blocks to be installed to the lifting equipment one by one by using the sling, and use the lifting equipment to lift and place the blocks underwater one by one in the order from one end to the other end in the horizontal direction. When installing the blocks, make the front facade of the block abut against the positioning beam so that the block is installed in place longitudinally.

9. The gravity quay block installation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the block installation step, when installing the block, it further includes: making the positioning block at the corresponding position of the block snap into the positioning groove on the front facade of the block so that the block is installed in place transversely.

10. The gravity quay block installation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the positioning beam positioning step, it further includes: driving the telescopic member by the rotary driving member to drive the positioning beam to rotate relative to the support frame to adjust the height of the positioning beam so that the height of the positioning beam reaches the height of the block layer to be installed.

Images