Fresh water aquaculture tail water organism ecological purification system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh water aquaculture tail water organism ecological purification system, which belongs to the technical field of tail water purification treatment, and comprises a purification pond module, a culture pond module and a circulation module, through the synergistic effect of the purification pond module, the culture pond module and the circulation module, deep purification of the culture tail water is achieved, the underwater forest purification unit constructed by the purification pond module comprises specific submerged plant communities, customized microbial preparations and aquatic animal communities, various pollutants in the tail water can be efficiently removed, and the water quality of the tail water is improved. The purified tail water reaches a higher water quality standard, and the pollution of the tail water to the environment is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, tail water in the culture pond module is conveyed to the purification pond module in a backflow mode through the circulation module, clean water is injected back into the culture pond module after purification, and an efficient water resource circulation system is formed; according to the system, the dependence on fresh water resources is greatly reduced, the utilization efficiency of the water resources is improved, and the breeding cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tail water purification treatment, and more specifically, relates to a biological and ecological purification system for freshwater aquaculture tail water. Background Art

[0002] In the field of freshwater aquaculture, the pollution problem caused by tail water discharge is becoming increasingly severe; with the continuous expansion of the aquaculture scale, the aquaculture tail water is rich in a large amount of pollutants such as suspended solids, organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus. If not properly treated and directly discharged, it will lead to water eutrophication, causing problems such as excessive algae growth and water quality deterioration, damaging the water ecological balance, and threatening the safety of the surrounding water environment.

[0003] Although there are purification systems in the prior art that can treat aquaculture tail water, the overall treatment functions of the purification systems in the prior art are relatively single. Some treatment systems only use precipitation and filtration methods, which can only remove some suspended solids and have poor removal effects on dissolved pollutants; some treatment systems use chemical treatment technologies, such as adding disinfectants and flocculants. Although they can purify the water quality to a certain extent, they are prone to cause secondary pollution and have high operating costs. Therefore, a system that can efficiently purify and treat aquaculture tail water is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Problems to be Solved

[0005] In view of the problems raised in the existing background art, the present invention provides a biological and ecological purification system for freshwater aquaculture tail water.

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] A biological and ecological purification system for freshwater aquaculture tail water, comprising:

[0009] A purification pond module: used for biological and ecological purification treatment of aquaculture tail water;

[0010] A culture pond module: multiple culture pond units and a diversion channel module, the culture pond module is connected to the purification pond module, and the culture pond module is used for decomposing fish excrement, feed residues, and pollutants;

[0011] A circulation module: including multiple groups of sluice modules and water pump modules, and the circulation module is used for returning the tail water in the culture pond module to the purification pond module and injecting the purified clear water in the purification pond module back into the culture pond module.

[0012] Preferably, the construction steps of the purification pond module include;

[0013] Step S1: Drain all the water in the purification pond through the outlet sluice module;

[0014] Step S2: Degrade the sludge in the purification pond module;

[0015] Step S3: Put the conventional water source for fish ponds into the purification pond module;

[0016] Step S4: Construct an underwater forest purification unit in the purification pond.

[0017] Furthermore, the construction steps of the aquaculture pond module include:

[0018] Step X1: Use customized microorganisms to absorb and degrade the sludge in the aquaculture pond module;

[0019] Step X2: Use customized microorganisms and bioenzymes to degrade the residual antibiotics in the bottom mud;

[0020] Step X3: Sun-dry the treated aquaculture pond module for 8 - 10 days;

[0021] Step X4: Put the conventional water source into the sun-dried aquaculture pond module;

[0022] Step X5: Release fry into the aquaculture pond module and feed the pond;

[0023] Step X6: Recirculate and discharge the sewage in the aquaculture pond module to the purification pond module.

[0024] Preferably, the ratio of the water surface area of the purification pond module to the total water surface area of the aquaculture pond module is 1:10.

[0025] Furthermore, a microbial treatment unit is arranged in the aquaculture pond unit.

[0026] Still further, the diversion channel module adopts open-channel diversion, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the diversion channel module for adsorbing suspended solids and nutrients.

[0027] Furthermore, the microorganisms in Step X1 adopt the "5SSK-EP" customized microbial community; the microorganisms in Step X2 adopt the "5SSK-EP" customized microorganisms; the bioenzymes in Step X2 include the "5SSK-EP" bioenzymes.

[0028] Even further, when releasing fry in Step X5, it is necessary to release fry of herbivorous, filter-feeding, omnivorous or carnivorous fish, control the stocking density, and carry out reasonable stocking;

[0029] When releasing, different numbers of fry are released according to intensive or extensive farming;

[0030] The number of fry in the intensive fish pond is 1,500 - 3,000 tails, and the number of fry in the semi-intensive fish pond is 500 - 1,500 tails.

[0031] Furthermore, the underwater forest purification unit constructed in step S4 mainly includes a submerged plant community, a customized microbial preparation, and an aquatic animal community.

[0032] Even further, the submerged plant community is composed of improved submerged plants that are acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, and pollution-resistant. The roots, stems, and leaves of the submerged plants are all used to absorb and decompose nutrient elements in the water body;

[0033] The customized microbial preparation includes anaerobic, nitrifying, denitrifying, sulfurous, and algae-control microorganisms, and is used to degrade pollutants in the sediment, organic matter, antibiotics, and hormones;

[0034] The aquatic animal community includes improved planktonic crustaceans and invertebrates that feed on algae and suspended substances.

[0035] Advantageous Effects

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the advantageous effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] (1) Through the synergistic effect of the purification pond module, the aquaculture pond module, and the circulation module, the present invention realizes the deep purification of aquaculture tail water. The underwater forest purification unit constructed in the purification pond module includes a specific submerged plant community, a customized microbial preparation, and an aquatic animal community, which can efficiently remove various pollutants in the tail water, making the purified tail water meet higher water quality standards and effectively reducing the pollution of the tail water to the environment.

[0038] At the same time, through the circulation module, the present application returns and conveys the tail water in the aquaculture pond module to the purification pond module, and then injects the purified clear water back into the aquaculture pond module, forming an efficient water resource circulation system; this system greatly reduces the dependence on fresh water resources, improves the utilization efficiency of water resources, and reduces the aquaculture cost. Description of the Drawings

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or exemplifications of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or exemplifications. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, so they should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the drawings shown.

[0040] Figure 1 is the system diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is the process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] As Figure 1 shown, a biological and ecological purification system for the tail water of freshwater aquaculture includes:

[0046] Purification pond module:

[0047] Drainage and sludge degradation: In a freshwater aquaculture farm, first, all the water in the purification pond is emptied using the outlet sluice module; subsequently, a special microbial agent is used to degrade the sludge in the purification pond module.

[0048] Specifically, microbial strains with high decomposition ability are selected. These strains can quickly decompose the organic substances in the sludge, convert them into harmless substances, and reduce the pollutant content in the sludge.

[0049] Water injection and underwater forest construction: The conventional water source of the fish pond is introduced into the purification pond module, and the water quality of the water source meets the local fishery water use standard. Then, an underwater forest purification unit is constructed, and a submerged plant community composed of improved submerged plants that are acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, and pollution-resistant is planted, such as Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata that have been screened and cultivated; at the same time, a customized microbial agent is put in. This agent contains anaerobic, nitrifying, denitrifying, sulfide-removing, and algae-controlling microorganisms, which can effectively degrade pollutants such as bottom mud, organic matter, antibiotics, and hormones; improved zooplanktonic crustaceans and invertebrates that feed on algae and suspended substances are also put in, such as cladocerans and copepods, to form a stable ecological system; after a period of cultivation, the underwater forest purification unit gradually stabilizes, and the purification pond module begins to play an efficient purification role.

[0050] Cultivation pond module:

[0051] Substrate treatment and pond drying: Treat multiple aquaculture pond units. Use the "5SSK-EP" customized microbial community to absorb and degrade the silt in the aquaculture pond module. At the same time, use the "5SSK-EP" customized microorganisms and "5SSK-EP" bioenzymes to degrade pollutants such as residual antibiotics in the bottom mud. After the treatment, dry the aquaculture pond module for 8 - 10 days to further improve the substrate environment using sunlight and air, and reduce the growth of harmful microorganisms.

[0052] Water injection, fry stocking and feeding: Put conventional water sources into the aquaculture pond module after pond drying. After the water quality stabilizes, stock fry. According to aquaculture requirements, stock fry of herbivorous, filter-feeding, omnivorous or carnivorous fish, such as grass carp, bighead carp, crucian carp, perch, etc. When stocking, strictly control the aquaculture density. Stock 1500 - 3000 fry per mu in intensive aquaculture ponds and 500 - 1500 fry per mu in semi-intensive aquaculture ponds.

[0053] It should be noted that during the aquaculture process, feed should be rationally fed according to the growth stage and feeding situation of the fish group to ensure the healthy growth of the fish group.

[0054] Sewage reflux: During the aquaculture process, the sewage generated by fish excrement and excess feed is discharged back to the purification pond module through the diversion channel module.

[0055] The diversion channel module uses an open channel for diversion, and submerged plants such as Elodea canadensis are planted at the bottom to adsorb suspended solids and nutrients and further purify the sewage.

[0056] Circulation module:

[0057] Tail water reflux and clean water reinjection: The water pump module in the circulation module pumps and conveys the tail water in the aquaculture pond module to the purification pond module, and the sluice module is used to control the direction and flow rate of the water flow. The clean water purified by the purification pond module is reinjected into the aquaculture pond module through the water pump module and the sluice module to achieve the recycling of water resources.

[0058] In actual operation, according to the water quality situation and water use requirements of the aquaculture pond module, flexibly adjust the operation parameters of the circulation module to ensure that the aquaculture pond module always maintains a good water quality environment.

[0059] System monitoring and regulation: To ensure the stable operation of the system, set multiple water quality monitoring points in the purification pond module and the aquaculture pond module to monitor water quality indicators in real time, such as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, etc. According to the monitoring data, timely adjust the operation frequency and intensity of the circulation module, as well as the ecosystem parameters of the purification pond module and the aquaculture pond module, such as the amount of microorganisms put in and the growth situation of aquatic plants, to ensure the purification effect of the system on aquaculture tail water and the recycling efficiency.

[0060] The purification pond module applies customized microbial products of anaerobic, nitrifying, sulfide, aerobic and algae-control types, adopts the total pollution control process at the source, decomposes the pollutants at the pollution source, the pond bottom sludge, decomposes grease, decomposes organic matter colloids, decomposes suspended solids, decomposes plant fibers, inhibits the growth of algae, reduces BOD and COD, improves the transparency of the surface water environment quality, controls the black odor caused by ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, thioether, organic amine and sulfide, eliminates the black odor phenomenon, so as to purify the water body.

[0061] It should be noted that the customized microbial products adopt the natural microbial customization technology, which stimulates the growth of the microbial groups inherent in the black-odor sewage and bottom sludge that have the function of biocatalytic reaction of enzymes, and strengthens the in-situ degradation of nutrient elements. The natural microbial customization technology is a biotechnology that integrates the Japanese EM biotechnology and the American PGPR biotechnology into the "underwater forest oxygen bar" technology; the effective microbial groups in the EM biotechnology and the PGPR biotechnology are a microbial preparation composed of more than 360 microbial communities in 5 families, 25 genera, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria.

[0062] It should also be noted that the aquatic plant community adopted by the constructed wetland is mainly the emergent plants among the aquatic vascular plants that are more commonly used at present. Only the plant roots absorb the nutrients in the water body, and the oxygen generated by its photosynthesis is released into the air, which has no purification effect on the water body and the degradation efficiency is low;

[0063] The purification pond module adopts the natural aquatic plant improvement technology. By purifying, rejuvenating and cultivating the submerged plants that are acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and pollution-resistant, their roots, stems and leaves can all absorb and decompose nutrient elements, and the fresh oxygen generated by their photosynthesis has strong oxidizing property. After being released into the water body, it can effectively decompose the organic matter in the water, and the degradation efficiency is higher; the submerged plants of the purification pond module are more resistant than those on the market and can adapt to more complex water bodies with higher pollution concentrations.

[0064] Refer to Figure 2 , when constructing the aquaculture pond module, after the pond water is drained, the pond mud is biologically treated to improve the bottom quality: the "5SSK-EP" customized microbial community is used to absorb and degrade the organic matter sludge; the "5SSK-EP" customized microorganism + bioenzyme is used to decompose the antibiotics in the fish excrement and the residual of the excess fish feed; after sunning the pond, it is cultured according to the conventional fry culture method. The sewage generated by the fish excrement and the excess fish feed flows back to the purification pond module through the ecological diversion channel. After the aquaculture sewage is purified by the purification pond module, high-quality clear water is generated every day as the internal circulation water source for the water body renewal of the aquaculture pond module, and water is replenished to the aquaculture pond module one by one.

[0065] It should be noted that the bottom of the pond being exposed to sunlight can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, loosen the soil, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, improve the bottom quality, and enhance the fertility of the pond. When clearing and tidying the pond, it is necessary to remove the silt and then use quicklime to clear the pond with water. The aquaculture pond module uses microorganisms for sediment treatment and "‘5SSK-EP’ customized microorganisms + ‘5SSK-EP’ bioenzymes" for antibiotic treatment. While degrading the silt, it also improves the bottom quality and enhances the food safety of the aquaculture products.

[0066] Through the synergistic effect of the purification pond module, aquaculture pond module, and circulation module, this application realizes the deep purification of aquaculture tail water. The underwater forest purification unit constructed by the purification pond module includes a specific submerged plant community, customized microbial agents, and aquatic animal community, which can efficiently remove various pollutants in the tail water, making the purified tail water meet higher water quality standards and effectively reducing the pollution of the tail water to the environment.

[0067] At the same time, this application uses the circulation module to return and transport the tail water in the aquaculture pond module to the purification pond module, and then injects the purified water back into the aquaculture pond module after purification, forming an efficient water resource circulation system. This system greatly reduces the dependence on fresh water resources, improves the utilization efficiency of water resources, and effectively reduces the aquaculture cost.

[0068] The above-described embodiments only represent the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations, improvements, and substitutions can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system, characterized in that: include: Purification pond module: used for biological and ecological purification of aquaculture tail water; Breeding pond module: multiple breeding pond units and diversion channel modules, the breeding pond module is connected to the purification pond module, and the breeding pond module is used to decompose fish excrement, feed residues and pollutants; Circulation module: includes multiple groups of sluice modules and water pump modules, and the circulation module is used to return the tail water in the breeding pond module to the purification pond module, and to inject the clean water purified by the purification pond module back into the breeding pond module.

2. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of constructing the purification pond module include: Step S1, draining all water in the purification pond through the outlet sluice module; Step S2, degrading the sludge in the purification pond module; Step S3, adding a conventional water source from a fish pond into the purification pond module; Step S4: construct an underwater forest purification unit in the purification pond.

3. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The construction steps of the aquaculture pond module include: Step X1, using customized microorganisms to absorb and degrade sludge in the aquaculture pond module; Step X2: using customized microorganisms and biological enzymes to degrade residual antibiotics in the sludge; Step X3, sunbathing the treated aquaculture pond modules for 8-10 days; Step X4, adding a conventional water source into the aquaculture pond module after the pond is exposed to the sun; Step X5, putting fry into the breeding pond module and feeding feed into the pond; Step X6: discharge the sewage in the breeding pond module back into the purification pond module.

4. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the water surface area of ​​the purification pond module to the total water surface area of ​​the breeding pond module is 1:

10.

5. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A microbial processing unit is arranged in the breeding pond unit.

6. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diversion channel module adopts open channel diversion, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the diversion channel module to absorb suspended matter and nutrients.

7. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microorganisms in step X1 adopt "5SSK-EP" customized microbial community; the microorganisms in step X2 adopt "5SSK-EP" customized microorganisms; the biological enzymes in step X2 include "5SSK-EP" biological enzymes.

8. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step X5, when releasing the fry, it is necessary to release the fry of herbivorous, omnivorous, or carnivorous fish, control the breeding density, and release them reasonably; When stocking, different numbers of fry are stocked depending on whether it is intensive or extensive; The number of fry in intensive fish ponds is 1500-3000, and the number of fry in extensive fish ponds is 500-1500.

9. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The underwater forest purification unit constructed in step S4 mainly includes submerged plant communities, customized microbial preparations and aquatic animal communities.

10. A freshwater aquaculture tailwater biological ecological purification system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The submerged plant community is composed of improved submerged plants that are acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and pollution-resistant, and the roots, stems and leaves of the submerged plants are used to absorb and decompose nutrient elements in the water body; The customized microbial preparations include anaerobic, nitrifying, denitrifying, sulfidizing and algae-removing microorganisms for degrading sediment, organic matter, antibiotic and hormone pollutants; The aquatic animal community includes modified planktonic crustaceans and invertebrates that feed on algae and suspended matter.

Images