Special fertilizer for improving drought resistance of crops and promoting growth in seedling stage and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a special seedling-stage fertilizer for improving crop drought resistance and promoting growth and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The special fertilizer for the seedling stage comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-100 parts of a compound fertilizer, 5-15 parts of a water pteris vittata extract, 5-10 parts of a seaweed extract, 3-7 parts of a compound microbial agent, 2-6 parts of proline, 0.1-0.3 part of calcium lignosulphonate and 0.1-0.3 part of tetrasodium glutamate diacetate. The special fertilizer for the seedling stage is suitable for various crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, flax and sorghum, and the drought resistance and the biological accumulation amount of crop seedlings can be remarkably improved. The invention provides a simple, convenient, economical and effective solution for drought-resistant cultivation of crops, and has a better market application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly to a special fertilizer for the seedling stage that improves the drought resistance of crops and promotes growth, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of intensifying global climate change and increasingly prominent water resource shortages, drought has become one of the main abiotic stress factors restricting the sustainable development of agriculture. Drought causes approximately 40% of global annual crop yield losses, and the sensitivity of crop seedlings to water stress is particularly significant. The seedling stage is a crucial stage in crop growth and development, laying the foundation for root development, photosynthetic system establishment, and stress resistance formation. However, traditional fertilizer design has mostly focused on the generality of nutrient supply, lacking pertinence to the physiological characteristics and stress resistance requirements of seedling-stage crops, resulting in the long-term existence of the following problems:

[0003] ① Seedling-stage crops have a relatively low nutrient absorption efficiency, and the availability of soil nutrients decreases under drought conditions, exacerbating the contradiction between nutrient supply and demand; moreover, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will inhibit root penetration and reduce the osmotic adjustment ability of plants, further weakening drought resistance.

[0004] ② Existing drought resistance technologies mostly focus on single functions. For example, improving soil water retention through chemical water-retaining agents or reducing transpiration by inducing stomatal closure with exogenous hormones. However, these methods often have defects such as high costs, environmental risks (such as the degradation problem of polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agents), or short action time, and it is difficult to coordinate with the dynamic physiological needs of the seedling stage.

[0005] ③ In recent years, the potential of beneficial microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing crop stress resistance has attracted much attention, but their application in special fertilizers for the seedling stage still faces problems such as insufficient compatibility stability between the microbial agents and chemical fertilizers and low colonization efficiency in the field environment.

[0006] ④ Traditional fertilizers lack the ability to directionally regulate osmotic adjustment substances (such as proline) and the antioxidant system, resulting in the difficulty of breaking through the metabolic mode of "surviving" rather than "promoting growth" of crops under drought conditions.

[0007] Therefore, developing a special fertilizer targeting the physiological characteristics of seedling-stage crops, integrating functions of nutrient enhancement, stress resistance induction, and rhizosphere microecological regulation, has become an important way to break through the bottleneck of "weak seedlings, poor roots, and lagging stress resistance" of crops under drought stress. Through multi-component collaborative design, achieving a two-way improvement in drought resistance and growth force is of urgent significance for ensuring food security and efficient utilization of agricultural resources. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special fertilizer for the seedling stage that improves the drought resistance of crops and promotes growth, and a preparation method thereof.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present invention provides a special fertilizer for the seedling stage that improves the drought resistance of crops and promotes growth, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 60 - 100 parts of compound fertilizer, 5 - 15 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 5 - 10 parts of seaweed extract, 3 - 7 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 2 - 6 parts of proline, 0.1 - 0.3 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.1 - 0.3 part of glutamate diacetate tetrasodium.

[0011] Preferably, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 13 - 17:18 - 22:13 - 17.

[0012] Preferably, the compound microbial inoculum includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, with a mass ratio of 1.5 - 2.5:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2.

[0013] The present invention provides a preparation method of the special fertilizer for the seedling stage, which mixes the components in the formulated amounts to obtain the special fertilizer for the seedling stage.

[0014] The present invention provides an application of the special fertilizer for the seedling stage or the special fertilizer for the seedling stage obtained by the method in improving the drought resistance of crops and / or promoting the growth of crops.

[0015] Preferably, the crops include corn, soybean, wheat, flax, and sorghum.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for improving the drought resistance of crops and / or promoting the growth of crops, which applies the special fertilizer for the seedling stage or the special fertilizer for the seedling stage obtained by the method during the seedling stage of the crops.

[0017] Preferably, fertilization is carried out when the crop seedlings grow to 10 - 30 cm.

[0018] Preferably, the application rate is 1 - 3 g / plant.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a special fertilizer for the seedling stage that can improve the drought resistance of crops and promote the growth of crops. The added extract of Kyllinga brevifolia and seaweed extract are beneficial to the growth of crop roots under drought stress, and improve the ability of crops to absorb and utilize water; the added compound microbial inoculant can increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and secrete nutrients (such as glutamic acid) beneficial to the growth of crop seedlings, improving the ability of crop seedlings to resist drought stress; proline, as an important stress amino acid, can promote the maintenance of water balance by regulating the osmotic pressure of plants, promote the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and enhance the antioxidant ability of plants; calcium lignosulfonate can bind nutrients and promote root growth, improve nutrient absorption efficiency, and is also beneficial to fertilizer granulation, promote disintegration, and enhance the slow-release effect; sodium glutamate diacetate can help crops absorb trace elements in the soil, promote the growth and development of crops, and improve the bioavailability of fertilizers.

[0021] The special fertilizer for the seedling stage provided by the present invention is applicable to various crops such as corn, soybean, wheat, flax, sorghum, etc., and can significantly improve the drought resistance and biological accumulation of crop seedlings. The present invention provides a simple, economical and effective solution for drought-resistant cultivation of crops, and has good market application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 Statistical results of the average plant height of corn seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0024] Figure 2 Statistical results of the average dry weight per plant of corn seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0025] Figure 3 Statistical results of the average plant height of soybean seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0026] Figure 4 Statistical results of the average dry weight per plant of soybean seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0027] Figure 5 Statistical results of the average plant height of sorghum seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0028] Figure 6 Statistical results of the average dry weight per plant of sorghum seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0029] Figure 7Statistical results of the average plant height of wheat seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0030] Figure 8 Statistical results of the average dry weight per plant of wheat seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0031] Figure 9 Statistical results of the average plant height of flax seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0032] Figure 10 Statistical results of the average dry weight per plant of flax seedlings in different treatment groups;

[0033] Figure 11 Growth states of soybean seedlings in the control group 1 (left) and the experimental group (right);

[0034] Figure 12 Growth states of corn seedlings in the control group 1 (left) and the experimental group (right);

[0035] Figure 13 Growth states of wheat seedlings in the control group 1 (left) and the experimental group (right);

[0036] Figure 14 Growth states of flax seedlings in the control group 1 (left) and the experimental group (right);

[0037] Figure 15 Growth states of sorghum seedlings in the control group 1 (left) and the experimental group (right). Specific implementation mode

[0038] The present invention provides a special fertilizer for seedling stage to improve the drought resistance and promote the growth of crops, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-100 parts of compound fertilizer, 5-15 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 5-10 parts of seaweed extract, 3-7 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 2-6 parts of proline, 0.1-0.3 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.1-0.3 part of glutamate diacetic acid tetrasodium.

[0039] In the present invention, the special fertilizer for seedling stage preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-90 parts of compound fertilizer, 8-12 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 7-9 parts of seaweed extract, 4-6 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 3-5 parts of proline, 0.15-0.25 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.15-0.25 part of glutamate diacetic acid tetrasodium; more preferably, it comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80 parts of compound fertilizer, 10 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 8 parts of seaweed extract, 5 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 4 parts of proline, 0.2 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.2 part of glutamate diacetic acid tetrasodium.

[0040] In the present invention, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 13-17:18-22:13-17, preferably 14-16:19-21:14-16, and more preferably 15:20:15.

[0041] In the present invention, the compound microbial inoculant includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the mass ratio is 1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2, preferably 1.8-2.2:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1, and more preferably 2:1:1.

[0042] The present invention provides a method for preparing the special fertilizer for the seedling stage, in which the components in the formula amount are mixed to obtain the special fertilizer for the seedling stage.

[0043] The present invention provides an application of the special fertilizer for the seedling stage or the special fertilizer for the seedling stage obtained by the method in improving the drought resistance of crops and / or promoting the growth of crops.

[0044] In the present invention, the crops include corn, soybean, wheat, flax and sorghum.

[0045] The present invention provides a method for improving the drought resistance of crops and / or promoting the growth of crops, which comprises applying the special fertilizer for the seedling stage or the special fertilizer for the seedling stage obtained by the method during the seedling stage of crops.

[0046] In the present invention, fertilization is carried out when the crop seedlings grow to 10-30 cm, preferably when the crop seedlings grow to 15-25 cm, and more preferably when the crop seedlings grow to 20 cm.

[0047] In the present invention, the application rate is 1-3 g / plant, preferably 1.5-2.5 g / plant, and more preferably 2 g / plant.

[0048] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] The extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. used in the following examples was purchased from Shaanxi Lvshengyuan Bioproducts Manufacturing Co., Ltd.; the seaweed extract was purchased from Xi'an Best Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Shandong Youfa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.; Bacillus velezensis was purchased from Bena Biotechnology - Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Industrial Microbial Strains, with the number BNCC188043; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus) from Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A method for preparing a special fertilizer for the seedling stage is as follows:

[0052] By weight parts, 60 parts of compound fertilizer (N:P:K = 15:20:15), 5 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 5 parts of seaweed extract, 3 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 2 parts of proline, 0.1 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.1 part of glutamate diacetic acid tetrasodium are mixed to obtain the special fertilizer for seedling stage.

[0053] Among them, the compound microbial inoculum is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi according to a mass ratio of 1.5:0.8:0.8.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A preparation method of a special fertilizer for seedling stage is as follows:

[0056] By weight parts, 100 parts of compound fertilizer (N:P:K = 15:20:15), 15 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 10 parts of seaweed extract, 7 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 6 parts of proline, 0.3 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.3 part of glutamate diacetic acid tetrasodium are mixed to obtain the special fertilizer for seedling stage.

[0057] Among them, the compound microbial inoculum is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi according to a mass ratio of 2.5:1.2:1.2.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A preparation method of a special fertilizer for seedling stage is as follows:

[0060] By weight parts, 80 parts of compound fertilizer (N:P:K = 15:20:15), 10 parts of extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., 8 parts of seaweed extract, 5 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 4 parts of proline, 0.2 part of calcium lignosulfonate, and 0.2 part of glutamate diacetic acid tetrasodium are mixed to obtain the special fertilizer for seedling stage.

[0061] Among them, the compound microbial inoculum is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi according to a mass ratio of 2:1:1.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that this comparative example uses an equal amount of seaweed extract to replace the extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., and the other steps are the same as those in Example 3.

[0064] Comparative Example 2

[0065] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the compound microbial inoculum used in this comparative example is different from that in Example 3. The compound microbial inoculum in this comparative example is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis according to a mass ratio of 2:1, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are not added.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that seaweed extract and proline were not added in this comparative example, and the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 3.

[0068] Experimental Example

[0069] Corn, soybean, wheat, flax, and sorghum were used as test materials to verify the effects of the special fertilizer for seedling stage prepared in Example 3 on improving the drought resistance of crops and promoting the growth of crops.

[0070] Crop seedlings with similar growth vigor were selected and divided into an experimental group, a control group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, and Comparative Example 3 group. The crop seedlings in the control group were supplied with water normally to keep the soil water content at about 70%; the remaining treatment groups were subjected to drought stress to keep the soil water content at about 40%. After one week of pretreatment under the above water supply conditions, the special fertilizer for seedling stage prepared by them was applied to the experimental group and Comparative Examples 1 - 3 groups respectively; the control group was applied with compound fertilizer (N:P:K = 15:20:15). The fertilization amount was 2 g / plant. After fertilization, the treatment was continued for 20 days according to the above water supply conditions.

[0071] After 20 days, the average plant height and average dry weight per plant of the crop seedlings in each treatment group were counted, and the results are as Figures 1 to 10 shown. It can be seen that the special fertilizer for seedling stage prepared by the present invention can significantly increase the average plant height and dry weight of different crop seedlings under drought stress conditions compared with Comparative Examples 1 - 3 groups, indicating that all components of the special fertilizer for seedling stage of the present invention, as a whole, can synergistically improve the drought resistance and growth ability of crops.

[0072] At the same time, comparing the growth conditions of the crop seedlings in the experimental group and Comparative Example 1, the results are as Figures 11 to 15 shown. It can be seen that applying the special fertilizer for seedling stage prepared by the present invention is beneficial to maintaining the normal growth state of crop seedlings.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special fertilizer for the seedling stage for improving crop drought resistance and promoting growth, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of compound fertilizer, 5-15 parts of water centipede grass extract, 5-10 parts of seaweed extract, 3-7 parts of compound microbial agent, 2-6 parts of proline, 0.1-0.3 parts of calcium lignin sulfonate and 0.1-0.3 parts of tetrasodium glutamate diacetate.

2. The special fertilizer for seedling stage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 13-17:18-22:13-17.

3. The special fertilizer for seedling stage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezii and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the mass ratio is 1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.

2.

4. A method for preparing the special fertilizer for seedling stage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The components in the formula amounts are mixed to obtain the special fertilizer for the seedling stage.

5. Use of the special fertilizer for seedling stage according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the special fertilizer for seedling stage obtained by the method according to claim 4 in improving the drought resistance of crops and / or promoting the growth of crops.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The crops include corn, soybeans, wheat, flax and sorghum.

7. A method for improving crop drought resistance and / or promoting crop growth, characterized in that: The seedling-specific fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the seedling-specific fertilizer obtained by the method according to claim 4 is applied during the seedling stage of crops.

8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that Apply fertilizer when the crop seedlings grow to 10 to 30 cm.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The application amount is 1 to 3 g / plant.

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