Slip packer driven by single piston

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of petroleum underground detection and exploitation, in particular to a single-piston-driven slip packer, and aims to solve the technical problem that the risk of sealing failure of multiple piston type slips in an existing packer is high. The packer comprises a mechanical slip mechanism, a single-piston driving hydraulic anchor and a friction transposition mechanism, the mechanical slip mechanism comprises a setting mandrel and a slip assembly arranged on the setting mandrel in a sleeving mode. The slip assembly comprises a slip sliding sleeve, a mechanical slip and an opening hoop, one end of the mechanical slip is fixed to the opening hoop, and the other end of the mechanical slip is arranged on the slip sliding sleeve in a sleeving mode. The single-piston driving hydraulic anchor is connected to the setting mandrel and the slip sliding sleeve; the friction transposition mechanism is arranged on the setting mandrel in a sleeving mode and comprises a friction block sleeve. The friction block sleeve is matched with the setting mandrel through a long and short groove structure and is matched with the opening hoop in an embedded mode. The packer is driven by only one piston, so that the dynamic sealing part is simplified, the using amount of rubber sealing rings is reduced, and the sealing reliability of a tool is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of downhole oil exploration and production, and particularly to a single-piston-driven slip packer. Background Art

[0002] Traditional packers use multiple piston-type slips for anchoring, and each slip has an independent sealing ring. This results in a large number of dynamic sealing parts in the anchoring mechanism of the tool, a large amount of sealing rings used, and a high risk of sealing failure. At the same time, in some small-sized casings, due to the limitations of the through-hole diameter and the inner diameter of the casing, the wire diameter of the sealing rings used in the multi-piston-driven anchoring mechanism is small, and the sealing structure can only be a single O-ring seal, which further increases the risk of sealing failure. During the operation, once the seal of one piston slip fails, it will cause the entire work string to leak, and further lead to the failure of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-piston-driven slip packer to solve the technical problem of high risk of sealing failure in multiple piston-type slips of existing packers.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a single-piston-driven slip packer, including: a mechanical slip mechanism, a single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor, and a friction conversion mechanism;

[0006] The mechanical slip mechanism includes a setting mandrel and a slip assembly sleeved on the setting mandrel;

[0007] The setting mandrel is tubular, and in the axial direction of the setting mandrel, the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor and the friction conversion mechanism are respectively arranged on both sides of the slip assembly;

[0008] The slip assembly includes a slip sleeve, a mechanical slip, and an open hoop. In the direction from the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor to the friction conversion mechanism, the slip sleeve, the mechanical slip, and the open hoop are arranged in sequence;

[0009] One end of the mechanical slip is fixed to the open hoop, and the other end is sleeved on the slip sleeve and is in sliding fit with the slip sleeve through a dovetail groove structure;

[0010] The single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor is connected to the setting mandrel and the slip sleeve;

[0011] The friction conversion mechanism is sleeved on the setting mandrel and is used for frictionally cooperating with the casing, and includes a friction block sleeve;

[0012] The friction block sleeve is cooperated with the setting mandrel through a long and short slot structure and is embedded and cooperated with the split retaining ring, so that the split retaining ring can rotate around its own axis.

[0013] Furthermore, the single-piston-driven slip packer further includes a rubber barrel sealing mechanism, which is connected between the mechanical slip mechanism and the single-piston-driven hydraulic anchor and includes a connecting sub, a rubber barrel mandrel, a rubber barrel, a setting shear pin and a transition sleeve;

[0014] Both ends of the connecting sub are rigidly connected to the single-piston-driven hydraulic anchor and the rubber barrel mandrel respectively;

[0015] The rubber barrel mandrel is tubular, and its end far from the connecting sub is rigidly connected to the setting mandrel and is spaced from the slip sleeve;

[0016] The transition sleeve is sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel and the slip sleeve and is connected to the rubber barrel mandrel through a setting shear pin and is rigidly connected to the slip sleeve;

[0017] The rubber barrel is sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel and abuts between the connecting sub and the transition sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, the rubber barrel sealing mechanism further includes a top shoe and a bottom shoe;

[0019] Both the top shoe and the bottom shoe are sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel and are distributed on both sides of the rubber barrel. Among them, the top shoe is rigidly connected to the connecting sub and contacts the rubber barrel, and the bottom shoe is rigidly connected to the transition sleeve and also contacts the rubber barrel.

[0020] Furthermore, the rubber barrel sealing mechanism further includes a first sealing ring, a third sealing ring, a fourth sealing ring, a third support seal and a fourth support seal;

[0021] There are two first sealing rings, and both of the two first sealing rings are sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel and are respectively embedded in the top shoe and the bottom shoe;

[0022] Both the third support seal and the third sealing ring are sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel and are embedded in the inner ring groove of the connecting sub, and the third sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the third support seal;

[0023] Both the fourth support seal and the fourth sealing ring are sleeved on the setting mandrel and are embedded in the inner ring groove of the rubber barrel mandrel, and the fourth sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the fourth support seal.

[0024] Furthermore, a boss is formed by protruding the inner wall of the connecting sub;

[0025] The single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydrostatic anchor includes an outer cylinder and an upper mandrel;

[0026] The outer cylinder is sleeved on the upper mandrel and connected to the upper mandrel by a bypass shear pin. One end of the outer cylinder is rigidly connected to the connecting sub, and a bypass groove is provided on its side wall;

[0027] The upper mandrel is tubular. One end of it is inside the connecting sub and is spaced from the boss;

[0028] A first support seal and a first sealing ring are sleeved on the upper mandrel. Both the first support seal and the first sealing ring are embedded in the inner ring groove of the connecting sub, and the first sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the first support seal;

[0029] A bypass hole penetrating the side wall of the upper mandrel is provided on the upper mandrel. The bypass hole is outside the connecting sub, adjacent to the end face of the connecting sub, and communicates with the bypass groove.

[0030] Further, a key is fixed on the upper mandrel. The key is in sliding fit with the bypass groove so as to be slidable in the bypass groove along the axial direction of the outer cylinder.

[0031] Further, the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydrostatic anchor further includes a sealing sub, a piston, a slip cone and strip slips;

[0032] Along the axial direction of the upper mandrel, the sealing sub, the piston, the slip cone and the strip slips are sequentially sleeved on the upper mandrel;

[0033] The sealing sub is rigidly connected to the end of the outer cylinder away from the connecting sub;

[0034] The piston is between the outer cylinder and the upper mandrel and is connected to the outer cylinder by a shear pin. The piston and the outer cylinder, the upper mandrel and the sealing sub enclose an annular sealing gap;

[0035] A receiving groove is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder. The slip cone and the strip slips are both arranged in the receiving groove. Among them, the slip cone is rigidly connected to the piston, and the strip slips are sleeved on the slip cone;

[0036] An inlet pressure hole penetrating the side wall of the upper mandrel is also provided on the upper mandrel. The inlet pressure hole communicates with the annular sealing gap.

[0037] Further, the strip slips and the slip cone are in sliding fit through a dovetail groove structure.

[0038] Further, the first support seal and the first sealing ring are also embedded in the inner annular groove of the sealing nipple. The first support seal and the first sealing ring are sleeved on the upper mandrel, and the first sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the first support seal.

[0039] The second support seal and the second sealing ring are embedded in the outer annular groove of the sealing nipple. The second support seal and the second sealing ring are both in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the second support seal.

[0040] The first support seal and the first sealing ring are also embedded in the inner annular groove of the piston. The first support seal and the first sealing ring are sleeved on the upper mandrel, and the first sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the first support seal.

[0041] The second support seal and the second sealing ring are also embedded in the outer annular groove of the piston. The second support seal and the second sealing ring are both in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the second support seal.

[0042] Further, the friction conversion mechanism further includes friction blocks, a fixing ring and a friction block spring.

[0043] Along the circumferential direction of the friction block sleeve, a plurality of sliding grooves are provided on the side wall of the friction block sleeve.

[0044] The friction blocks correspond to the sliding grooves one by one, are arranged in the sliding grooves, and can slide along the radial direction of the friction block sleeve.

[0045] The fixing ring is fixed to the friction block sleeve to limit the friction blocks from sliding out of the sliding grooves.

[0046] The friction block spring is arranged in the sliding groove and is between the friction block and the friction block sleeve, so that the friction block has a tendency to slide in a direction away from the axis of the friction block sleeve.

[0047] Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects that can be achieved by the single-piston-driven slip packer provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0048] In the single-piston driven cava packer, the friction block sleeve and the sealing mandrel are matched through the long and short groove structures, so that the mechanical cava mechanism, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, etc. can rotate around the axis of the friction block sleeve relative to the friction transposition mechanism, and after rotating a preset number of circles, the cooperation between the friction block sleeve and the sealing mandrel is changed from short groove to long groove, thereby realizing transposition, thereby giving up the axial travel of the friction block sleeve for the mechanical cava mechanism, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, etc.; after realizing transposition, by applying pressure to the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, the sealing mandrel, the cava sleeve, etc. can move along the axial direction of the friction block sleeve, and during the movement, the cava sleeve lifts up the mechanical cava to open the mechanical cava.

[0049] During operation, the packer is lowered into the casing along with the tubing. During the lowering process, the friction transposition mechanism and the inner wall of the casing are frictionally matched. After drilling to the sealing layer, the weight of the tubing is lifted and a right-hand torque is applied, and the mechanical slip mechanism, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, etc. are rotated, and the transposition is completed after a certain number of rotations. The weight of the tubing is lowered, and after a certain pressure is reached, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, the sealing mandrel, and the slip sleeve continue to move downward, and the mechanical slip and the open ring hoop are limited by the friction block sleeve at this time, so that the slip sleeve opens the mechanical slip to achieve seating, and the packer is anchored on the inner wall of the casing. After the pressure inside the packer is higher than the pressure outside the tubing and reaches a certain value, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor is started and anchored to the casing, thereby achieving dual anchoring of the packer and the casing.

[0050] It can be seen that compared with the existing technology, the single-piston driven cava packer only involves one piston drive when performing multiple sitting and hanging, which simplifies the dynamic sealing parts, reduces the amount of rubber sealing rings, and improves the reliability of tool sealing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0052] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the upper section of a single piston driven slip packer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a middle section of a single piston driven slip packer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the single-piston-driven slip packer provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] Icon: 1 - upper sub; 2 - central mandrel; 3 - centralizer ring; 4 - sealing nipple; 5 - outer barrel; 6 - piston; 7 - shear pin; 8 - fixing screw; 9 - slip cone; 10 - strip slip; 11 - compression cap; 12 - bypass shear pin; 13 - key; 14 - connecting nipple; 15 - rubber barrel mandrel; 16 - top shoe; 17 - rubber barrel; 18 - bottom shoe; 19 - setting shear pin; 20 - transition sleeve; 21 - slip sleeve; 22 - slip limit bolt; 23 - mechanical slip; 24 - split retaining ring; 25 - retaining ring fastening screw; 26 - friction block sleeve; 27 - setting mandrel; 28 - friction block; 29 - friction block spring; 30 - fixed ring limit screw; 31 - fixed ring; 32 - lower sub; 33 - first support seal; 34 - support ring; 35 - second support seal; 36 - third support seal; 37 - fourth support seal; 38 - first sealing ring; 39 - second sealing ring; 40 - third sealing ring; 41 - fourth sealing ring. Specific embodiments

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0057] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0059] Traditional packers use multiple piston-type slips for anchoring, and each slip has an independent sealing ring, resulting in many dynamic sealing parts in the anchoring mechanism of the tool, a large amount of sealing rings used, and a high risk of sealing failure. At the same time, in some small-sized casings, due to the limitations of the through-hole diameter and the inner diameter of the casing, the wire diameter of the sealing rings used in the multi-piston-driven anchoring mechanism is small, and the sealing structure form can only be a single O-ring seal, which further increases the risk of sealing failure. During the operation, once the seal of one piston slip fails, it will cause the entire work string to leak, and further lead to the failure of the operation.

[0060] In view of this, the present invention provides a single-piston driven slip packer, comprising a mechanical slip mechanism, a single-piston driven hydraulic anchor and a friction transposition mechanism; the mechanical slip mechanism comprises a sealing mandrel 27 and a slip assembly sleeved on the sealing mandrel 27; the sealing mandrel 27 is tubular, and in the axial direction of the sealing mandrel 27, the single-piston driven hydraulic anchor and the friction transposition mechanism are respectively arranged on both sides of the slip assembly; the slip assembly comprises a slip sleeve 21, a mechanical slip 23 and an open hoop 24, and in the direction from the single-piston driven hydraulic anchor to the friction transposition mechanism, the slip sleeve 21, the mechanical slip 23 and the open hoop 24 The shoe 23 and the open ring hoop 24 are distributed in sequence; one end of the mechanical slip 23 is fixed to the open ring hoop 24, and the other end is sleeved on the slip sleeve 21, and slidingly cooperates with the slip sleeve 21 through a dovetail groove structure; the single piston drives the hydraulic water anchor to be connected to the setting mandrel 27 and the slip sleeve 21; the friction shifting mechanism is sleeved on the setting mandrel 27, which is used for friction cooperation with the casing, including a friction block sleeve 26; the friction block sleeve 26 cooperates with the setting mandrel 27 through a long and short groove structure, and is embedded with the open ring hoop 24, so that the open ring hoop 24 can rotate around its own axis.

[0061] In the single-piston driven slip packer, the friction block sleeve 26 and the sealing mandrel 27 cooperate with each other through the long and short groove structures, so that the mechanical slip mechanism, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, etc. can rotate around the axis of the friction block sleeve 26 relative to the friction transposition mechanism, and after rotating a preset number of circles, the cooperation between the friction block sleeve 26 and the sealing mandrel 27 is changed from a short groove to a long groove, thereby realizing transposition. In this way, the mechanical slip mechanism, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, etc. give up the axial travel of the friction block sleeve 26; after the transposition is realized, by applying pressure to the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, the single-piston driven hydraulic water anchor, the sealing mandrel 27, the slip sleeve 21, etc. can move along the axial direction of the friction block sleeve 26, and during the movement, the slip sleeve 21 lifts up the mechanical slip 23 to open the mechanical slip 23.

[0062] During operation, the packer is lowered into the casing along with the tubing. During the lowering process, the friction transposition mechanism and the inner wall of the casing are frictionally matched. After drilling to the sealing layer, the weight of the tubing is lifted and a right-hand torque is applied, and the mechanical slip mechanism, the single piston driven hydraulic water anchor, etc. are rotated, and the transposition is completed after a certain number of rotations. The weight of the tubing is lowered, and after reaching a certain pressure, the single piston driven hydraulic water anchor, the sealing mandrel 27, and the slip sleeve 21 continue to move downward, and at this time, the mechanical slip 23 and the open hoop 24 are limited by the friction block sleeve 26, so that the slip sleeve 21 opens the mechanical slip 23 to achieve the setting, and the packer is anchored on the inner wall of the casing. After the pressure inside the packer is higher than the pressure outside the tubing and reaches a certain value, the single piston driven hydraulic water anchor is started and anchored with the casing, thereby realizing the dual anchoring of the packer and the casing.

[0063] It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the single-piston driven slip packer only involves one piston 6 drive during multiple sitting and hanging, which simplifies the dynamic sealing parts, reduces the amount of rubber sealing rings, and improves the reliability of tool sealing.

[0064] It should be added here that the long and short groove structure belongs to the prior art, so the matching structure of the friction block sleeve 26 and the setting mandrel 27 is not specifically described here. In addition, by designing the long and short groove structure, the mechanical slip 23 is prevented from being set in advance during the running of the packer with the pipe string.

[0065] The following combination Figures 1 to 3 The structure and shape of the single piston driven slip packer provided in this embodiment are described in detail:

[0066] refer to Figures 1 to 3 , from top to bottom, the single piston driven slip packer provided by the present invention includes a single piston driven hydraulic anchor, a bypass mechanism, a rubber tube sealing mechanism, a mechanical slip mechanism and a friction transposition mechanism. During operation, the packer is drilled down with the tubing to the sealing layer, the weight of the tubing is lifted, and a right-hand torque is applied, and then the weight of the tubing is lowered, that is, the bypass shear pin 12 is cut off, the bypass hole is closed, and locked in a closed state; the tubing is continued to be lowered, and the packer completes the sealing and hanging in sequence; when the pressure inside the packer is higher than the pressure outside the tubing and reaches a certain value, the shear pin 7 set on the single piston is cut off, and the piston 6 drives the slip cone 9 to move under the drive of the internal pressure, and the strip slip 10 is hung, so that the strip slip 10 is anchored on the inner wall of the casing. After the operation is completed, the tubing is lifted, the slip is released, and the packer is unsealed.

[0067] Regarding the single piston driven hydraulic anchor, specifically:

[0068] refer to Figure 1 The single-piston driven hydraulic anchor includes an upper joint 1, an upper spindle 2, a straightening ring 3, a sealing nipple 4, an outer tube 5, a piston 6, a shear pin 7, a fixing screw 8, a slip cone 9, a strip slip 10, a pressure cap 11, a bypass shear pin 12 and a key 13.

[0069] As described above, the upper end of the upper mandrel 2 is arranged in the inner hole of the upper sub 1 and is threadedly connected to the upper sub 1; the first support seal 33 and the first sealing ring 38 are arranged in the inner annular groove of the upper sub 1, and the first sealing ring 38 is arranged between the two first support seals 33. The centralizer ring 3 is fixed on the outer circle of the sealing nipple 4. The sealing nipple 4 is distributed at intervals with the upper sub 1 and sleeved on the upper mandrel 2. From top to bottom, the support ring 34 is arranged in the first inner annular groove of the sealing nipple 4, and another group of first support seals 33 and first sealing rings 38 are arranged in the second inner annular groove of the sealing nipple 4. The first sealing ring 38 of this group is arranged between the two first support seals 33; another first sealing ring 38 is arranged in the third inner annular groove of the sealing nipple 4.

[0070] Continuing with the above, the upper end of the outer cylinder 5 is threadedly connected to the sealing nipple 4, and a receiving groove is provided on the side wall; the piston 6 is located between the outer cylinder 5 and the upper mandrel 2 and is connected to the outer cylinder 5 through a shear pin 7. The piston 6, the outer cylinder 5, the upper mandrel 2 and the sealing nipple 4 enclose an annular sealing gap. The slip cone 9 and the strip slips 10 are both arranged in the receiving groove. Among them, the slip cone 9 is connected to the piston 6 through a fixing screw 8. The strip slips 10 are sleeved on the slip cone 9 and are slidably matched with the slip cone 9 through a dovetail groove structure. The second support seal 35 and the second sealing ring 39 are arranged in the outer annular groove of the sealing nipple 4. Among them, the second sealing ring 39 is arranged between the two second support seals 35. From top to bottom, another support ring 34 is arranged in the first inner annular groove of the piston 6; another group of first support seals 33 and first sealing rings 38 are arranged in the second inner annular groove of the piston 6. The first sealing ring 38 of this group is arranged between the two first support seals 33; another group of second support seals 35 and second sealing rings 39 are arranged in the outer annular groove of the piston 6. Among them, the second sealing ring 39 of this group is arranged between the two second support seals 35.

[0071] Continuing with the above, the upper mandrel 2 is provided with a pressure inlet hole and a bypass hole penetrating its side wall. The pressure inlet hole faces the sealing nipple 4 and is communicated with the annular sealing gap; the bypass shear pin 12 is located below the strip slips 10 and is fixed to the outer cylinder 5 and the upper mandrel 2. The pressure cap 11 is embedded in the outer cylinder 5 to cover the bypass shear pin 12; a bypass groove communicated with the bypass hole is also provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder 5. The bypass groove is located below the bypass shear pin 12 and extends axially along the outer cylinder 5; a key 13 is fixed on the upper mandrel 2, and the key 13 is slidably matched with the bypass groove.

[0072] Regarding the rubber cylinder sealing mechanism, specifically:

[0073] Refer to Figure 2 , the rubber cylinder sealing mechanism includes a connecting nipple 14, a rubber cylinder mandrel 15, a top shoe 16, a rubber cylinder 17, a bottom shoe 18, a setting shear pin 19 and a transition sleeve 20.

[0074] As mentioned above, the inner wall of the connecting nipple 14 protrudes to form a boss, the upper end of the connecting nipple 14 is in the inner hole of the lower end of the outer cylinder 5 and is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder 5, the lower end of the upper spindle 2 is in the connecting nipple 14 and is spaced apart from the boss; another group of first support seals 33 and first sealing rings 38 are arranged in the inner ring groove of the connecting nipple 14, and the first sealing rings 38 of this group are arranged between the two first support seals 33. Here, the outer cylinder 5, the upper spindle 2, the bypass shear pin 12, the key 13, the connecting nipple 14, the first support seal 33, and the first sealing ring 38 constitute a bypass mechanism.

[0075] Continuing with the above, the upper end of the rubber cylinder spindle 15 is in the inner hole of the connecting short section 14, and is threadedly connected to the connecting short section 14, and is in conflict with the wall of the boss away from the upper spindle 2; the top shoe 16, the rubber cylinder 17, and the bottom shoe 18 are sequentially sleeved on the rubber cylinder spindle 15 from top to bottom, the top shoe 16 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the connecting short section 14, and the bottom shoe 18 is threadedly connected to the transition sleeve 20; the transition sleeve 20 is sleeved on the rubber cylinder spindle 15, and is connected to the rubber cylinder spindle 15 through the sealing shear pin 19, and the pressure cap 11 is embedded in the transition sleeve 20 to cover the sealing shear pin 19.

[0076] Continuing with the above, the third support seal 36 and the third sealing ring 40 are located between the connecting short section 14 and the rubber tube spindle 15, and are embedded in another inner ring groove of the connecting short section 14, and the third sealing ring 40 is arranged between the two third support seals 36; another first sealing ring 38 is located between the top shoe 16 and the rubber tube spindle 15, and is embedded in the inner ring groove of the top shoe 16; a first sealing ring 38 is also provided between the bottom shoe 18 and the rubber tube spindle 15.

[0077] Regarding the mechanical slip mechanism, specifically:

[0078] refer to Figure 3, one end of the setting mandrel 27 is inside the rubber barrel mandrel 15 and is threadedly connected to the rubber barrel mandrel 15, and the other end is inside the inner hole of the lower sub 32 and is threadedly connected to the lower sub 32; the slip sleeve 21 is keyed with the setting mandrel 27 by the key 13 and can slide axially along the setting mandrel 27. The upper end of the slip sleeve 21 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the transition sleeve 20, and together with the transition sleeve 20 and the setting mandrel 27, it encloses a slideway for the rubber barrel mandrel 15 to slide; the slip limit bolt 22 is arranged in the axial hole of the slip sleeve 21, and the other end is connected to the split retaining ring 24; the split retaining ring 24 is connected to the mechanical slip 23 by the retaining ring fastening screw 25; another set of third support seals 36 and third sealing rings 40 are arranged between the setting mandrel 27 and the lower sub 32 and are embedded in the inner ring groove of the lower sub 32, and the third sealing ring 40 is arranged between the two third support seals 36; the fourth support seals 37 and fourth sealing rings 41 are arranged between the rubber barrel mandrel 15 and the setting mandrel 27 and are embedded in the inner ring groove of the rubber barrel mandrel 15, and the fourth sealing ring 41 is arranged between the two fourth support seals 37.

[0079] Regarding the friction conversion mechanism, specifically:

[0080] Refer to Figure 3 , the friction conversion mechanism further includes friction blocks 28, a fixing ring 31, and a friction block spring 29; along the circumference of the friction block sleeve 26, four evenly distributed sliding grooves are provided on the side wall of the friction block sleeve 26; the friction blocks 28 correspond to the sliding grooves one by one and are arranged in the sliding grooves and can slide radially along the friction block sleeve 26; the fixing ring 31 is fixed to the friction block sleeve 26 by the fixing ring limit screw 30 to prevent the friction blocks 28 from sliding out of the sliding grooves; the friction block spring 29 is arranged in the sliding grooves and is between the friction blocks 28 and the friction block sleeve 26, so that the friction blocks 28 have a tendency to slide away from the axis of the friction block sleeve 26.

[0081] The working process of the single-piston-driven slip packer provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0082] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , during operation, the packer is lowered into the casing along with the tubing string. During the lowering process, the friction blocks 28 are in frictional engagement with the inner wall of the casing, enabling the packer to be lowered slowly; the bypass hole is in an open state, reducing the surging pressure during the tripping process and playing a role in balancing and connecting the pressures inside and outside the tubing and casing.

[0083] Continuing from the above, after tripping to the setting interval, lift the weight of the tubing string and apply a right-handed torque. Since the friction blocks 28 are in frictional contact with the inner wall of the sleeve at this time, the other components such as the single-piston-driven hydraulic anchor, the rubber barrel sealing mechanism, and the mechanical slip mechanism rotate around the axis of the friction block sleeve 26 to achieve position conversion.

[0084] As mentioned above, the weight of the pipe string is lowered, and the bypass shear pin 12 is sheared first. Under the action of the lowering pressure, the upper mandrel 2 slides downward until it contacts the boss on the connecting nipple 14, thereby closing the bypass hole, even if the connection between the bypass hole and the bypass groove is blocked. The pipe string is lowered continuously, and the upper mandrel 2 acts on the setting shear pin 19 through the connecting nipple 14 and the rubber cylinder mandrel 15. After the pressure reaches a certain value, the setting shear pin 19 is sheared, and then the upper mandrel 2, the connecting nipple 14, the top shoe 16, and the rubber cylinder mandrel 15 slide downward; during this sliding process, the top shoe 16 squeezes the rubber cylinder 17, thereby expanding the rubber cylinder 17, and when the rubber cylinder mandrel 15 slides down to contact the slip sleeve 21, the setting is completed.

[0085] Continuing with the above, the weight of the pipe string is further lowered, and the rubber cylinder mandrel 15 and the transition sleeve 20 directly act on the slip sleeve 21 and the setting mandrel 27, causing the slip sleeve 21 and the setting mandrel 27 to move downward; during the downward movement of the slip sleeve 21, the mechanical slip 23 is opened to complete the setting. When the internal pressure of the packer is higher than the external pressure of the pipe string and reaches a certain value, the shear pin 7 set on the piston 6 is sheared off, and the piston 6 pushes the slip cone 9 to slide downward under the drive of the internal pressure, and the strip slip 10 is set and anchored on the inner wall of the casing.

[0086] After the operation is completed, the tubing is lifted, the upper mandrel 2 slides upward, the bypass hole and the bypass groove are connected again, and the bypass is reopened; as the lifting force increases, the slip cone 9, the slip sleeve 21, and the connecting short section 14 slide upward, because the slip cone 9 and the strip slip 10 are slidably matched through the dovetail groove structure, and the slip sleeve 21 and the mechanical slip 23 are also slidably matched through the dovetail groove structure, the strip slip 10 is retracted by the slip cone 9, the mechanical slip 23 is retracted by the slip sleeve 21, the rubber cylinder 17 is released, and the packer is unsealed.

[0087] The above design solves the problem of high risk of failure of multiple piston-type slip seals on the existing packer. At the same time, the packer has a simple bypass mechanism, and there is no need to configure an independent bypass valve tool on the upper tubing of the packer, thereby reducing the number of tools. When the packer is lowered into the well, the bypass hole remains open. When the packer is sealed, the tubing is lowered to close the bypass hole, and the tubing is lifted to open the bypass hole again. The single-piston-driven slip anchoring mechanism reduces the number of sliding sealing parts of the tool and the amount of rubber sealing rings used. Here, it is more preferred that the single-piston-driven hydraulic anchor adopts a large-diameter O-ring double-support sealing structure to improve the reliability of the tool seal.

[0088] It should be noted here that double-seal groove structures are adopted at both the inner and outer ring grooves of the piston 6 and at two places on the upper mandrel 2. In one of the seal grooves, a double-support + seal ring installation method is used, and in the other seal groove, a single seal ring installation method is used. The sealing reliability is high, the risk of seal failure is small, and the reliability of the tool is improved. The strip slip 10 and the mechanical slip 23 can both adopt strip insert-tooth slips, and the tooth orientations of the two are opposite. With such a design, after the strip slip 10 and the mechanical slip 23 are set and hung, the former can prevent the pipe string from moving upward, and the latter can prevent the pipe string from moving downward.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-piston-driven slip packer, characterized in that, Comprising: A mechanical slip mechanism, a single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor, and a friction conversion mechanism; The mechanical slip mechanism includes a setting mandrel (27) and a slip assembly sleeved on the setting mandrel (27); The setting mandrel (27) is tubular. Axially of the setting mandrel (27), the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor and the friction conversion mechanism are respectively arranged on both sides of the slip assembly; The slip assembly includes a slip sleeve (21), a mechanical slip (23), and an open-ring hoop (24). In the direction from the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor to the friction conversion mechanism, the slip sleeve (21), the mechanical slip (23), and the open-ring hoop (24) are distributed in sequence; One end of the mechanical slip (23) is fixed to the open-ring hoop (24), and the other end is sleeved on the slip sleeve (21) and is in sliding fit with the slip sleeve (21) through a dovetail groove structure; The single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor is connected to the setting mandrel (27) and the slip sleeve (21); The friction conversion mechanism is sleeved on the setting mandrel (27) and is used for frictionally cooperating with the casing, and includes a friction block sleeve (26); The friction block sleeve (26) is in fit with the setting mandrel (27) through a long and short groove structure and is in embedded fit with the open-ring hoop (24), so that the open-ring hoop (24) can rotate around its own axis.

2. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 1, wherein The single-piston-driven slip packer further includes a rubber barrel sealing mechanism. The rubber barrel sealing mechanism is connected between the mechanical slip mechanism and the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor, and includes a connecting nipple (14), a rubber barrel mandrel (15), a rubber barrel (17), a setting shear pin (19), and a transition sleeve (20); Two ends of the connecting nipple (14) are respectively rigidly connected to the single-piston-driven hydraulic and hydraulic anchor and the rubber barrel mandrel (15); The rubber barrel mandrel (15) is tubular. The end of the rubber barrel mandrel (15) far from the connecting nipple (14) is rigidly connected to the setting mandrel (27) and is spaced from the slip sleeve (21); The transition sleeve (20) is sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel (15) and the slip sleeve (21), and is connected to the rubber barrel mandrel (15) through a setting shear pin (19) and is rigidly connected to the slip sleeve (21); The rubber barrel (17) is sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel (15) and abuts between the connecting nipple (14) and the transition sleeve (20).

3. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 2, wherein The rubber barrel sealing mechanism further includes a top shoe (16) and a bottom shoe (18); Both the top shoe (16) and the bottom shoe (18) are sleeved on the rubber barrel mandrel (15) and are distributed on both sides of the rubber barrel (17). Among them, the top shoe (16) is rigidly connected to the connecting nipple (14) and contacts the rubber barrel (17), and the bottom shoe (18) is rigidly connected to the transition sleeve (20) and also contacts the rubber barrel (17).

4. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 3, wherein, The rubber barrel sealing mechanism further includes a first sealing ring (38), a third sealing ring (40), a fourth sealing ring (41), a third support seal (36), and a fourth support seal (37); There are two of the first sealing rings (38), and both of the two first sealing rings (38) are sleeved on the rubber cylinder mandrel (15) and respectively embedded in the top shoe (16) and the bottom shoe (18); Both the third support seal (36) and the third sealing ring (40) are sleeved on the rubber cylinder mandrel (15) and embedded in the inner ring groove of the connecting nipple (14), and the third sealing ring (40) is arranged in the middle of the third support seal (36); Both the fourth support seal (37) and the fourth sealing ring (41) are sleeved on the setting mandrel (27) and embedded in the inner ring groove of the rubber cylinder mandrel (15), and the fourth sealing ring (41) is arranged in the middle of the fourth support seal (37).

5. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 2, characterized in that, A boss is formed by protruding from the inner wall of the connecting nipple (14); The single-piston-driven hydraulic hydro-anchor includes an outer cylinder (5) and an upper mandrel (2); The outer cylinder (5) is sleeved on the upper mandrel (2) and connected to the upper mandrel (2) through a bypass shear pin (12). One end of the outer cylinder (5) is rigidly connected to the connecting nipple (14), and a bypass groove is provided on its side wall; The upper mandrel (2) is tubular, and one end of it is inside the connecting nipple (14) and is spaced from the boss; A first support seal (33) and a first sealing ring (38) are sleeved on the upper mandrel (2), and both the first support seal (33) and the first sealing ring (38) are embedded in the inner ring groove of the connecting nipple (14), and the first sealing ring (38) is arranged in the middle of the first support seal (33); A bypass hole penetrating the side wall of the upper mandrel (2) is provided on the upper mandrel (2). The bypass hole is outside the connecting nipple (14), adjacent to the end face of the connecting nipple (14), and communicates with the bypass groove.

6. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 5, wherein A key (13) is fixed on the upper mandrel (2), and the key (13) is slidably matched with the bypass groove so as to be slidable in the bypass groove along the axial direction of the outer cylinder (5).

7. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The single-piston-driven hydraulic hydro-anchor further includes a sealing nipple (4), a piston (6), a slip cone (9) and strip slips (10); Along the axial direction of the upper mandrel (2), the sealing nipple (4), the piston (6), the slip cone (9) and the strip slips (10) are sequentially sleeved on the upper mandrel (2); The sealing nipple (4) is rigidly connected to the end of the outer cylinder (5) far from the connecting nipple (14); The piston (6) is between the outer cylinder (5) and the upper mandrel (2) and is connected to the outer cylinder (5) through a shear pin (7). The piston (6) and the outer cylinder (5), the upper mandrel (2) and the sealing nipple (4) enclose an annular sealing gap; A receiving groove is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder (5). The slip cone (9) and the strip slips (10) are both arranged in the receiving groove. Among them, the slip cone (9) is rigidly connected to the piston (6), and the strip slips (10) are sleeved on the slip cone (9); The upper mandrel (2) is also provided with a pressure inlet hole penetrating through its side wall, and the pressure inlet hole is communicated with the annular sealing gap.

8. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The strip slip (10) and the slip cone (9) are in sliding fit through a dovetail groove structure.

9. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first support seal (33) and the first sealing ring (38) are also embedded in the inner ring groove of the sealing nipple (4). The first support seal (33) and the first sealing ring (38) are sleeved on the upper mandrel (2), and the first sealing ring (38) is arranged in the middle of the first support seal (33); The second support seal (35) and the second sealing ring (39) are embedded in the outer ring groove of the sealing nipple (4). The second support seal (35) and the second sealing ring (39) are both in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (5), and the second sealing ring (39) is arranged in the middle of the second support seal (35); The first support seal (33) and the first sealing ring (38) are also embedded in the inner ring groove of the piston (6). The first support seal (33) and the first sealing ring (38) are sleeved on the upper mandrel (2), and the first sealing ring (38) is arranged in the middle of the first support seal (33); The second support seal (35) and the second sealing ring (39) are also embedded in the outer ring groove of the piston (6). The second support seal (35) and the second sealing ring (39) are both in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (5), and the second sealing ring (39) is arranged in the middle of the second support seal (35).

10. The single-piston-driven slip packer according to claim 1, wherein The friction conversion mechanism further includes friction blocks (28), a fixing ring (30) and friction block springs (29); Along the circumference of the friction block sleeve (26), a plurality of sliding grooves are provided on the side wall of the friction block sleeve (26); The friction blocks (28) correspond to the sliding grooves one by one, are arranged in the sliding grooves, and can slide radially along the friction block sleeve (26); The fixing ring (30) is fixed to the friction block sleeve (26) to limit the friction blocks (28) from sliding out of the sliding grooves; The friction block springs (29) are arranged in the sliding grooves and are between the friction blocks (28) and the friction block sleeve (26), so that the friction blocks (28) tend to slide in a direction away from the axis of the friction block sleeve (26).

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