Underground self-energized plunger gas lift control device and method and application of underground self-energized plunger gas lift control device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas development, and provides an underground self-powered plunger gas lift control device and method and application of the underground self-powered plunger gas lift control device, the underground self-powered plunger gas lift control device comprises a barrel, and a rubber ball, a first spring, a guide assembly, a power generation assembly, a power supply control box and a fishing head are installed in the barrel in the axial direction. The rubber ball, the guide assembly, the power generation assembly, the power supply control box, the fishing head and other structures which are connected with one another are arranged in the cylinder, energy of fluid can be converted into electric energy during working, the electric energy is stored, and the stored electric energy can supply power to chips and other electric devices of the control device; kinetic energy of shaft natural gas is used for power generation, endurance is provided for an underground intelligent tool, adjustable underground timing well opening and closing can be achieved, a well mouth thin film valve and a well mouth control instrument in a conventional plunger device are replaced, a plunger process device is simplified, and the process cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas development, and particularly relates to a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device, method and its application. Background Technique

[0002] During the development of gas fields, bottom-hole liquid accumulation may occur in some gas wells in the later stage of production, and finally the phenomenon of water flooding appears. As a drainage gas production process for low-yield and small-production water-bearing gas wells, plunger gas lift is widely used in shale gas exploitation. This process makes full use of the bottom-layer energy, and the plunger reciprocates periodically in the wellbore by opening and closing the well regularly. The plunger, as the gas-liquid interface, can carry out the wellbore liquid accumulation, thereby extending the self-flowing cycle of the gas well, and has the characteristics of economy, simplicity and low maintenance cost. The existing plunger gas lift devices include: a surface controller, a pneumatic diaphragm valve, a blowout preventer, a plunger, and a downhole limiter. The downhole limiter is generally divided into two types. One is a plunger catcher, which is lowered to the designed position by wire operation and then released by catching; the other is a plunger working barrel, which is connected to the tubing and lowered to the predetermined position along with the tubing.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of microelectronics technology and wireless transmission technology, downhole electronic control tools and intelligent plungers have gradually matured, promoting the development of traditional plunger technology towards intelligence and integration. At present, intelligent plungers can realize wireless monitoring of downhole temperature, pressure and wellbore liquid level. The energy supply mostly uses built-in high-temperature lithium batteries, and the endurance ability is poor affected by the high bottom-hole temperature. The plunger needs to be taken out regularly to replace the battery, which to a certain extent limits the large-scale popularization and application and function development of intelligent plungers.

[0004] When installing the plunger gas lift device, it is necessary to transform the gas production wellhead: install a pneumatic diaphragm valve, a surface control instrument, and a solar panel, which involves operations such as connecting the gas source pipeline, digging trenches, and laying steel pipes. The time and economic costs are high, and there are also certain safety risks. A device that can both supply power to the intelligent plunger and simplify the existing plunger process is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one problem in the background technique, the present invention proposes a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device, method and its application.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device includes a cylinder body, and a rubber ball, a first spring, a guiding component, a power generation component, a power supply control box and a fishing head are axially installed inside the cylinder body;

[0008] The rubber ball is located at one end of the cylinder body and is in sliding fit with the guiding component;

[0009] The first spring is located between the rubber ball and the guide assembly, and is used to make the rubber ball rebound and reset;

[0010] The end of the guide assembly away from the rubber ball is connected to the power generation assembly for converting the kinetic energy of the fluid into electrical energy;

[0011] The power control box is connected to the power generation assembly and is used to store electrical energy and control the flow rate of the fluid passing through the power control box;

[0012] The salvaging head is connected to a power control box.

[0013] Preferably, the inner part of the cylinder is a first aperture section, a gradient section, and a second aperture section, the aperture of the first aperture section is smaller than that of the second aperture section, and the aperture of the gradient section gradually increases along the direction from the first aperture section to the second aperture section;

[0014] When the rubber ball moves to the gradient section and contacts the inner wall of the gradient section, the cylinder is in a closed state;

[0015] The guide assembly, power generation assembly, power control box and fishing head are all located in the second aperture section.

[0016] Preferably, the guide assembly comprises a bearing sleeve, a turbine module, a bearing and a spindle;

[0017] The two bearing sleeves are symmetrically and fixedly mounted at both ends of the turbine module, with a plurality of through holes opened on the surface, and the center of each bearing sleeve is rotatably matched with the bearing;

[0018] The bearing is fixedly connected to the core shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the turbine module comprises a plurality of turbines, a plurality of spiral guide vanes are evenly distributed on the turbine housing, the turbine is fixedly mounted on the core shaft, and the spiral guide vanes of adjacent turbines are aligned and spaced 5 to 10 mm apart.

[0020] Preferably, the power generation assembly includes a rectifier, a power generation chamber, a stator and a rotor;

[0021] The rotor is located inside the power generation chamber, and one end is fixedly connected to the core shaft of the guide assembly; the outer surface of the stator is fixedly connected to the power generation chamber, and the inner surface rotates with the rotor; the rectifier is installed at the end of the rotor and located inside the power generation chamber; the end of the power generation chamber away from the core shaft is fixedly connected to the power control box.

[0022] Preferably, an annulus is formed between the power generation chamber and the cylinder.

[0023] Preferably, the power control box comprises a housing, a power control compartment, a motor, a valve seat and a valve core;

[0024] An annular space is formed between the shell and the power control compartment;

[0025] The motor is located inside the power control chamber and is used to drive the valve core to rotate;

[0026] The valve seat is fixedly arranged at the top of the housing, and symmetric sector-shaped holes are formed on the surface;

[0027] The valve core abuts against the valve seat, and sector-shaped holes identical to those on the valve seat are formed on the surface, for controlling the opening degree of the sector-shaped holes on the valve seat as the valve core rotates;

[0028] A plurality of arc-shaped holes are formed at the bottom of the housing, and the arc-shaped holes communicate with the annulus between the housing and the power control chamber.

[0029] Preferably, a lithium battery, a pressure sensor and a control chip are further installed in the power control chamber;

[0030] The lithium battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the power generation component;

[0031] The pressure sensor is used to collect the flowing pressure and static pressure at the location;

[0032] On the one hand, the control chip is used to receive the time instruction of the switch well to realize the timed rotation of the valve core, and on the other hand, it stores the flowing pressure and static pressure at the location collected by the pressure sensor and then transmits them to the ground.

[0033] Preferably, the fishing head is of a rotary body structure, an RF chip is installed on the inner wall, an annular groove is formed on the outer surface, and the annular groove of the fishing head is fixedly connected with the cylinder body by installing shear pins;

[0034] One end of the fishing head is further installed with a transmitting coil for wireless charging;

[0035] The RF chip is further connected with a signal antenna, and the signal antenna extends to the end of the fishing head for sending or receiving information;

[0036] Both the RF chip and the signal antenna are connected with the transmitting coil.

[0037] Preferably, the shear pins are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder body and are clamped into the annular groove.

[0038] Preferably, a buffer assembly is further installed in the cylinder body, and the buffer assembly is connected with the fishing head and includes a retaining ring, a second spring and a pressing ring;

[0039] The retaining ring is fixedly connected with one end of the second spring, and the pressing ring is located at the opening of the end of the cylinder body for blocking the retaining ring;

[0040] The second spring is sleeved on the fishing head.

[0041] A downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control method, which is used for the above-mentioned downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device, includes the following steps:

[0042] When opening the well: The internal valve core is opened by changing to a power control box.

[0043] The fluid extrudes the rubber ball, the first spring is compressed, and the fluid enters the inside of the cylinder body.

[0044] The fluid drives the guide assembly to rotate and transmits the mechanical energy generated by the rotation to the power generation assembly.

[0045] The power generation assembly converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy for power supply and stores the electrical energy in the power control box.

[0046] When closing the well: The internal valve core is closed by the power generation assembly, the rubber ball rebounds and resets, waiting for the next well opening.

[0047] An application uses the above-mentioned downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device, including:

[0048] A host computer. When opening the well, the host computer is used to transmit time and control instructions to the intelligent plunger on the ground.

[0049] The intelligent plunger is used to fall from the wellhead to the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device when closing the well, and transmit time and control instructions to the self-powered plunger gas lift control device.

[0050] The self-powered plunger gas lift control device is used to open and close the well regularly according to the instructions, and at the same time transmit the status parameters and bottom hole pressure data to the intelligent plunger and perform wireless charging. After opening the well, the intelligent plunger is also used to rise to the wellhead to transmit the control device status parameters back to the host computer.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0052] 1. By arranging structures such as a rubber ball, a guide assembly, a power generation assembly, a power control box, and a fishing head connected to each other inside the cylinder body, the present invention can convert the energy of the fluid into electrical energy during operation, store the electrical energy, and the stored electrical energy can supply power to the chips and other electrical appliances of the control device.

[0053] 2. Using a radio frequency chip, a motor, a valve core and a valve seat, the present invention can open and close the well regularly according to the process system set inside the intelligent plunger, thus replacing the pneumatic diaphragm valve and the ground control instrument, and greatly reducing the cost of the plunger gas lift device.

[0054] 3. In view of the problems of the lack of power supply means for existing downhole intelligent tools, the complexity of the plunger process device, and the large workload of transformation required during the installation process, the present invention proposes a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device and construction method. It uses the kinetic energy of wellbore natural gas to generate electricity to provide power for downhole intelligent tools, and can also achieve adjustable downhole timed well opening and closing, replacing the wellhead diaphragm valve and wellhead control instrument in the conventional plunger device, simplifying the plunger process device, and reducing the process cost.

[0055] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and part of them will become obvious from the specification or be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structure pointed out in the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0057] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the power generation module according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the power supply control module according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fishing head according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 is a data transmission flow chart of the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to the present invention.

[0062] In the figure: 1, cylinder body; 101, first aperture section; 102, transition section; 103, second aperture section; 2, rubber ball; 3, bearing sleeve; 4, turbine module; 5, first spring; 6, bearing; 7, mandrel; 8, power generation assembly; 801, rectifier; 802, power generation chamber; 803, stator; 804, rotor; 9, power supply control box; 901, housing; 902, power supply control chamber; 903, motor; 904, valve seat; 905, valve core; 10, fishing head; 1001, RF chip; 1002, signal antenna; 1003, transmitting coil; 1004, annular groove; 11, retaining ring; 12, shear pin; 13, second spring; 14, pressing ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] An underground self-powered plunger gas lift control device, as Figure 1 shown, includes a cylinder body 1. Inside the cylinder body 1, a rubber ball 2, a first spring 5, a guiding assembly, a power generation assembly 8, a power supply control box 9 and a fishing head 10 are axially installed. The rubber ball 2 is located at one end of the cylinder body 1 and is in sliding fit with the guiding assembly. The first spring 5 is located between the rubber ball 2 and the guiding assembly and is used to make the rubber ball 2 rebound and reset. One end of the guiding assembly away from the rubber ball 2 is connected to the power generation assembly 8 and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into electric energy. The power supply control box 9 is connected to the power generation assembly 8 and is used to store electric energy and control the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the power supply control box 9. The fishing head 10 is connected to the power supply control box 9.

[0065] It should be noted that Figure 1 the device in

[0066] is generally placed with the left side facing downwards. Therefore, from bottom to top, it successively includes a cylinder body 1, a rubber ball 2, a first spring 5, a bearing sleeve 3, a bearing 6, a turbine module 4, a power generation assembly 8, a power supply control box 9, a fishing head 10, a shear pin 12, a retaining ring 11 and a pressing ring 14. This device can make full use of the kinetic energy of natural gas in the wellbore for power generation and storage. When used in conjunction with the existing intelligent plunger, it can perform data exchange and wireless charging with the intelligent plunger, and use electric energy to drive the motor to open and close the well regularly according to the process system set inside the plunger underground. This tool can replace the pneumatic diaphragm valve and the ground control instrument in the existing plunger process device, greatly simplify the process flow and reduce the process cost. At the same time, the method of using the kinetic energy of natural gas for power supply is more stable than solar power supply, which can ensure the long-term operation of the control device and the intelligent plunger. Figure 1The interior of the middle cylinder 1 can be divided into a first aperture section 101, a transition section 102, and a second aperture section 103. The aperture of the first aperture section 101 is smaller than that of the second aperture section 103, and the aperture of the transition section 102 gradually increases along the direction from the first aperture section 101 to the second aperture section 103. Therefore, when the rubber ball 2 moves to the transition section 102 and abuts against the inner wall of the transition section 102, the cylinder 1 is in a closed state. When the rubber ball 2 leaves the transition section 102, the cylinder 1 opens, forming a one-way flow structure to prevent the liquid above the control device from flowing back to the bottom of the well after the well is shut in, ensuring the liquid column height above the plunger and improving the drainage effect. In addition, the guiding component, the power generation component 8, the power supply control box 9, and the fishing head 10 are all located in the second aperture section 103.

[0067] Furthermore, in Figure 1 , the guiding component includes a bearing sleeve 3, a turbine module 4, a bearing 6, and a mandrel 7. Two bearing sleeves 3 are symmetrically and fixedly installed at both ends of the turbine module 4, and a number of through holes are formed on the surface. The center of each bearing sleeve 3 is rotationally matched with the bearing 6, and at the same time, the bearing 6 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 7. The turbine module 4 includes several groups of turbines. The turbine housings are evenly distributed with several groups of spiral guide vanes. The turbines are fixedly installed on the mandrel 7 through keyway fits. The spiral guide vanes of adjacent turbines are arranged in alignment with a spacing of 5 - 10 mm in between.

[0068] It should be noted that a circular groove is provided in the middle of the bearing sleeve 3 to nest the bearing 6. The bearing sleeve 3 is externally connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and axially clamped on the inner wall step. Four arc holes are evenly distributed between the outer circle of the bearing sleeve 3 and the bearing 6 for the downhole fluid to pass through. When the fluid reaches the turbine module 4, the power generated by the fluid will cause the turbine module 4 to rotate, thereby driving the mandrel 7 to rotate and converting the energy of the fluid into mechanical energy.

[0069] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, the power generation component 8 includes a rectifier 801, a power generation chamber 802, a stator 803, and a rotor 804. The rotor 804 is located inside the power generation chamber 802, and one end is fixedly connected to the mandrel 7 of the guiding component. The outer surface of the stator 803 is fixedly connected to the power generation chamber 802, and the inner surface is rotationally matched with the rotor 804. At the same time, the rectifier 801 is installed at the end of the rotor 804 and is located inside the power generation chamber 802; the end of the power generation chamber 802 away from the mandrel 7 is fixedly connected to the power supply control box 9.

[0070] It should be noted that there is an annulus between the power generation chamber 802 and the cylinder body 1. After passing through the guiding assembly, the fluid can enter the annulus, which serves as a fluid passage, while the inside of the power generation chamber 802 is sealed. In addition, the rotor 804 uses a permanent magnet rotor, which is oval in shape, with the S pole and N pole at both ends, and the winding group is milled flat in the middle. The stator 803 is evenly distributed with three-phase symmetric windings. The rectifier 801 is installed in the middle of the rotor 804 and the power generation chamber 802. The top of the power generation chamber 802 is fixed to the power supply control box 9 by two bolts, and there is a power cord connecting to the power supply control chamber 902 in the middle.

[0071] Furthermore, as Figure 3 shown, the power supply control box 9 includes a housing 901, a power supply control chamber 902, a motor 903, a valve seat 904, and a valve core 905; there is an annulus between the housing 901 and the power supply control chamber 902; the motor 903 is located inside the power supply control chamber 902 and is used to drive the valve core 905 to rotate; the valve seat 904 is fixedly arranged on the top of the housing 901, and symmetric fan-shaped holes are opened on the surface; the valve core 905 abuts against the valve seat 904, and fan-shaped holes identical to those on the valve seat 904 are opened on the surface, which are used to control the opening degree of the fan-shaped holes on the valve seat 904 as the valve core 905 rotates; a number of arc-shaped holes are opened at the bottom of the housing 901, and the arc-shaped holes are communicated with the annulus between the housing 901 and the power supply control chamber 902.

[0072] It should be noted that the motor 903 uses a reduction motor, which can open or close the valve seat 904 after receiving an instruction. Generally, when opening the well, the valve seat 904 is opened, and then the fluid squeezes the rubber ball 2 and enters the cylinder body 1. On the contrary, when shutting the well, the valve seat 904 is closed and the rubber ball 2 resets.

[0073] Furthermore, a lithium battery, a pressure sensor, and a control chip are also installed in the power supply control chamber 902. The lithium battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the power generation assembly 8. The pressure sensor is used to collect the flowing pressure and static pressure at the location. The control chip includes a signal processing circuit, a clock circuit, a control circuit, and a storage circuit, and has the functions of inputting and outputting signals, timing and time service, controlling the reduction motor, and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery. On the one hand, the control chip can receive the time instruction for opening and closing the well and realize the timed rotation of the valve core 905. On the other hand, it stores the flowing pressure and static pressure at the location of the control device collected by the pressure sensor and transmits them to the ground through the intelligent plunger.

[0074] Furthermore, as Figure 4As shown, the fishing head 10 is of a rotary body structure. An RF chip 1001 is installed on the inner wall, and an annular groove 1004 is formed on the outer surface. The annular groove 1004 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 1 through a shear pin 12. In addition, a transmitting coil 1003 is installed at one end of the fishing head 10 for wireless charging. The RF chip 1001 is also connected to a signal antenna 1002, and the signal antenna 1002 extends to the end of the fishing head 10 for sending or receiving information. Both the RF chip 1001 and the signal antenna 1002 are connected to the transmitting coil.

[0075] It should be noted that the shape of the fishing head 10 is the same as that of the external fishing head 10 of a conventional downhole tool. The annular transmitting coil 1003 installed at the top is used to achieve wireless charging. It is hollow inside, and four strip-shaped grooves are axially cut on the fishing neck. An RF chip 1001 is installed on one side inside the fishing neck for modulation and demodulation of electromagnetic signals. One end of the signal antenna 1002 is connected to the RF chip 1001 and then extends to the top of the fishing head 10 through a small hole for receiving and transmitting signals. An annular groove 1004 is formed on the outside of the fishing head 10, which cooperates with the shear pin 12 to fix the fishing head 10 and the following components.

[0076] It should be further noted that the shear pin 12 is arranged radially along the cylinder body 1 and is clamped into the annular groove 1004. It is generally made of copper.

[0077] Furthermore, a buffer assembly is also installed inside the cylinder body 1. The buffer assembly is connected to the fishing head 10 and includes a retaining ring 11, a second spring 13, and a pressing ring 14. Among them, the retaining ring 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring 13. The pressing ring 14 is located at the opening of the end of the cylinder body 1 for blocking the retaining ring 11, and the second spring 13 is sleeved on the fishing head 10.

[0078] It should be noted that after the control device of the present invention is connected to the oil pipe, the pressing ring 14 is pressed by the bottom of the oil pipe, and at the same time, the positions of the retaining ring 11 and the second spring 13 are limited. During fishing, the fishing tool grabs the fishing head 10, and the shear pin 12 and the retaining ring 11 are cut off by lifting, so that the internal components of the control device can be fished out, and the oil pipe has a larger channel.

[0079] A downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control method for a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0080] When opening the well: The valve core 905 inside is opened through the power control box 9;

[0081] The fluid squeezes the rubber ball 2, the first spring 5 is compressed, and the fluid enters the inside of the cylinder body 1;

[0082] The fluid drives the guide assembly to rotate and transmits the mechanical energy generated by the rotation to the power generation assembly 8;

[0083] The power generation assembly 8 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy for power supply and stores the electrical energy in the power control box 9;

[0084] When shutting in the well: the valve core 905 inside is closed through the power control box 9, and the rubber ball 2 rebounds and resets, waiting for the next well opening.

[0085] Based on the above control method, the detailed steps of the present invention are as follows: The control device is assembled on the ground, undergoes power-on time calibration and preset well opening and closing times, and then is directly connected to the tubing and lowered into the designed position along with the tubing. An anti-blowout pipe is installed on the gas production tree, and the plunger gas lift process can be realized without other modifications. When the preset well opening time arrives, the motor 903 rotates the valve core 905 to open the production channel, realizing well opening. The natural gas in the wellbore flows through the control device, driving the turbine module 4 to rotate. The power generation assembly 8 converts the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy and stores it in the high-temperature lithium battery for use in wireless charging of its own motor 903 or downhole electric tools. The plunger serves as the gas-liquid interface, pushing the accumulated liquid in the wellbore upward to the wellhead to realize the function of draining water. When the gas well shut-in time arrives, the motor 903 rotates the valve core 905 to close the production channel, and the plunger falls from the wellhead to the control device. The liquid on the wellbore wall is scraped off to the position of the control device, and a check valve structure at the bottom of the control device ensures that the liquid accumulates above the control device. When used in cooperation with the intelligent plunger, the receiving coil at the bottom of the plunger cooperates with the transmitting coil 1003 of the fishing head 10 to realize wireless charging. After sensing the arrival of the plunger, the RF chip 1001 is activated, and the intelligent plunger gives time to the control chip of the control device and transmits the well opening and closing duration of the next cycle. The control chip controls the rotation of the motor 903 according to the set well opening and closing times, driving the valve core 905 to realize downhole timed well opening and closing.

[0086] When the plunger process is not required, the fishing head 10 inside the control device can be grasped through wireline operation, jolted upward, and the shear pin 12 is cut to fish out the internal components of the control device, enabling the wellbore to maintain a larger diameter. The fished-out internal components can be installed in a new outer cylinder and reassembled into a complete set of control devices for the next construction.

[0087] As Figure 5 shown, an application uses the above-mentioned downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device, including a host computer and an intelligent plunger. When opening the well, the host computer transmits the time and control instructions to the intelligent plunger on the ground. Then when shutting in the well, the intelligent plunger falls from the wellhead to the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device at the bottom of the well, transmits the time and control instructions to the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device. Subsequently, the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device switches the well on and off regularly according to the instructions, and at the same time transmits the status parameters and bottom hole pressure data to the intelligent plunger and conducts wireless charging. After the well is opened, the intelligent plunger ascends to the wellhead and transmits the control device status parameters back to the host computer.

[0088] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground self-powered plunger gas lift control device, characterized in that, It includes a cylinder body (1), inside which a rubber ball (2), a first spring (5), a guiding component, a power generation component (8), a power supply control box (9) and a fishing head (10) are axially installed; The rubber ball (2) is located at one end of the cylinder body (1) and is in sliding fit with the guiding component; The first spring (5) is located between the rubber ball (2) and the guiding component and is used to make the rubber ball (2) rebound and reset; One end of the guiding component away from the rubber ball (2) is connected to the power generation component (8) and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into electric energy; The power supply control box (9) is connected to the power generation component (8) and is used to store electric energy and control the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the power supply control box (9); The fishing head (10) is connected to the power supply control box (9).

2. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 1, wherein The inside of the cylinder body (1) is divided into a first aperture section (101), a tapered section (102) and a second aperture section (103). The aperture of the first aperture section (101) is smaller than that of the second aperture section (103), and the aperture of the tapered section (102) gradually increases along the direction from the first aperture section (101) to the second aperture section (103); When the rubber ball (2) moves to the tapered section (102) and abuts against the inner wall of the tapered section (102), the cylinder body (1) is in a closed state; The guiding component, the power generation component (8), the power supply control box (9) and the fishing head (10) are all located in the second aperture section (103).

3. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 2, wherein The guiding component includes a bearing sleeve (3), a turbine module (4), a bearing (6) and a core shaft (7); Two bearing sleeves (3) are symmetrically and fixedly installed at both ends of the turbine module (4), and a number of through holes are formed on the surface. The center of each bearing sleeve (3) is in rotational fit with a bearing (6); The bearing (6) is fixedly connected to the core shaft (7).

4. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The turbine module (4) contains a number of groups of turbines. The turbine housings are evenly distributed with a number of groups of spiral guide vanes. The turbines are fixedly installed on the core shaft (7), and the spiral guide vanes of adjacent turbines are arranged in alignment with a spacing of 5 - 10 mm in the middle.

5. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power generation component (8) includes a rectifier (801), a power generation chamber (802), a stator (803) and a rotor (804); The rotor (804) is located inside the power generation chamber (802), and one end is fixedly connected to the core shaft (7) of the guiding component; the outer surface of the stator (803) is fixedly connected to the power generation chamber (802), and the inner surface is in rotational fit with the rotor (804); the rectifier (801) is installed at the end of the rotor (804) and is located inside the power generation chamber (802); one end of the power generation chamber (802) away from the core shaft (7) is fixedly connected to the power supply control box (9).

6. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 5, characterized in that, There is an annulus between the power generation chamber (802) and the cylinder body (1).

7. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply control box (9) includes a housing (901), a power supply control chamber (902), a motor (903), a valve seat (904) and a valve core (905); There is an annulus between the housing (901) and the power supply control chamber (902); The motor (903) is located inside the power supply control chamber (902) and is used to drive the valve core (905) to rotate; The valve seat (904) is fixedly arranged at the top of the housing (901), and symmetric sector-shaped holes are formed on the surface. The valve core (905) abuts against the valve seat (904), and sector-shaped holes identical to those of the valve seat (904) are formed on the surface, for controlling the opening degree of the sector-shaped holes on the valve seat (904) as the valve core (905) rotates. A plurality of arc-shaped holes are formed at the bottom of the housing (901), and the arc-shaped holes communicate with the annulus between the housing (901) and the power control chamber (902).

8. An underground self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A lithium battery, a pressure sensor and a control chip are further installed in the power control chamber (902). The lithium battery is used for storing the electric energy generated by the power generation assembly (8). The pressure sensor is used for collecting the flowing pressure and static pressure at the position where it is located. On the one hand, the control chip is used for receiving the time instruction of the switch well to realize the timed rotation of the valve core (905), and on the other hand, it stores the flowing pressure and static pressure at the position where it is located collected by the pressure sensor and then transmits them to the ground.

9. The downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fishing head (10) is of a rotary body structure, an RF chip (1001) is installed on the inner wall, and an annular groove (1004) is formed on the outer surface. The annular groove (1004) of the fishing head (10) is fixedly connected with the cylinder body (1) by installing shear pins (12). One end of the fishing head (10) is further installed with a transmitting coil (1003) for wireless charging. The RF chip (1001) is further connected with a signal antenna (1002), and the signal antenna (1002) extends to the end of the fishing head (10) for sending or receiving information. Both the RF chip (1001) and the signal antenna (1002) are connected with the transmitting coil.

10. A downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The shear pins (12) are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder body (1) and are clamped into the annular groove (1004).

11. A downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, A buffer assembly is further installed in the cylinder body (1), and the buffer assembly is connected with the fishing head (10), and includes a retaining ring (11), a second spring (13) and a pressing ring (14). The retaining ring (11) is fixedly connected with one end of the second spring (13), and the pressing ring (14) is located at the opening of the end of the cylinder body (1) for blocking the retaining ring (11). The second spring (13) is sleeved on the fishing head (10).

12. A downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control method, which is used for a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to any one of claims 1-11, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: When opening the well: the valve core (905) inside is opened by changing to the power control box (9). The fluid squeezes the rubber ball (2), the first spring (5) is compressed, and the fluid enters the inside of the cylinder body (1). The fluid drives the guiding assembly to rotate and transmits the mechanical energy generated by the rotation to the power generation assembly (8). The power generation assembly (8) converts the mechanical energy into electric energy for power supply and stores the electric energy in the power control box (9). When closing the well: the valve core (905) inside is closed by the power generation assembly (8), the rubber ball (2) rebounds and resets, waiting for the next well opening.

13. An application, characterized in that, Using a downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device according to any one of claims 1-11, including: A host computer, when opening the well, the host computer is used for transmitting time and control instructions to the intelligent plunger on the ground. The intelligent plunger is used for, when closing the well, falling from the wellhead to the position of the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device and transmitting time and control instructions to the downhole self-powered plunger gas lift control device. The self-powered plunger gas lift control device is used to open and close the well according to instructions, transmit status parameters and bottom-hole pressure data to the intelligent plunger, and perform wireless charging. After the well is opened, the intelligent plunger is also used to move up to the wellhead to transmit the status parameters of the control device back to the upper computer.

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