Safety monitoring management system for gas well operation under pressure

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety monitoring and management system for gas well under-pressure operation, relates to the technical field of safety monitoring and management, and solves the technical problem that in the prior art, when under-pressure operation is executed, it cannot be guaranteed that environment floating of a current under-pressure area does not affect the under-pressure operation. Specifically, the under-pressure state monitoring unit carries out pressure fluctuation presetting according to the position characteristics of the position where a pressure sensor is located, obtains different types of position marks, obtains pressure floating information and pressure control change information, deduces whether under-pressure state monitoring is normal or not according to information comparison, does not execute under-pressure operation if the under-pressure state monitoring is abnormal, and executes under-pressure operation if the under-pressure state monitoring is normal. And the operation execution monitoring unit performs under-pressure operation execution monitoring on the under-pressure area, acquires operation execution monitoring information according to the under-pressure operation execution monitoring, obtains an under-pressure operation execution monitoring coefficient through formula calculation, and deduces whether the execution monitoring is normal or not according to coefficient comparison.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring and management, and specifically to a safety monitoring and management system for pressure-bearing operations of gas wells. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring the pressure-bearing environment during pressure-bearing operations is an important link to ensure operation safety; during pressure-bearing operations, due to the presence of pressure at the wellhead, once leakage or abnormal pressure changes occur, serious safety accidents may be triggered; therefore, real-time monitoring of the pressure-bearing environment can timely detect potential dangers and take corresponding measures to ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

[0003] However, in the prior art, it is impossible to conduct safety monitoring on the pressure-bearing state of the pressure-bearing area before pressure-bearing operations, so it is impossible to ensure that the current environment meets the requirements for pressure-bearing operations. Secondly, when pressure-bearing operations are carried out, it cannot be guaranteed that the environmental fluctuations in the current pressure-bearing area will not affect the pressure-bearing operations. In addition, it is impossible to monitor the risks during pressure-bearing operations, resulting in a reduction in the execution efficiency of pressure-bearing operations.

[0004] In view of the above technical defects, a solution is proposed now. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and propose a safety monitoring and management system for pressure-bearing operations of gas wells.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A safety monitoring and management system for pressure-bearing operations of gas wells includes a safety monitoring and management platform, wherein the safety monitoring and management platform is communicatively connected to a pressure-bearing state monitoring unit, an operation execution monitoring unit, and an operation risk monitoring unit;

[0008] The pressure-bearing state monitoring unit seals the downhole pressure-bearing area and marks it as the pressure-bearing area, and sets pressure sensors at the wellhead position and any area position other than the wellhead position in the pressure-bearing area. According to the position characteristics of the pressure sensors, pressure fluctuations are preset to obtain different types of position marks, and pressure fluctuation information and pressure control change information are obtained. According to the information comparison, it is inferred whether the pressure-bearing state monitoring is normal. If it is abnormal, the pressure-bearing operation is not executed; if it is normal, the pressure-bearing operation is executed. And the operation execution monitoring unit monitors the execution of the pressure-bearing operation in the pressure-bearing area, collects operation execution monitoring information according to the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring, and calculates the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring coefficient through a formula. According to the coefficient comparison, it is inferred whether the execution monitoring is normal. If it is abnormal, operation execution regulation is carried out; if it is normal, operation risk monitoring is carried out;

[0009] The operation risk monitoring unit collects the downhole position risk information and the downhole duration risk information, analyzes and infers based on the information whether the risk monitoring is normal. If it is abnormal, rectification is carried out; if it is normal, the operation continues.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position type marking process is as follows:

[0011] The high-depth position of the pressure sensor relative to the low-depth position is marked as the relatively high-pressure position. At the same time, the low-depth position relative to the high-depth position is marked as the relatively low-pressure position; if the number of types of parameters affected by the pressure value is large or the efficiency of parameter adjustment and control is low, the corresponding position is marked as the high-floating position. On the contrary, if the number of types of parameters affected by the pressure value is small and the efficiency of parameter adjustment and control is high, the corresponding position is marked as the low-floating position.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure fluctuation information and the pressure control change information are respectively the ratio of the peak corresponding speed value of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-floating position in the pressurized area to the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-floating position, and the ratio of the peak corresponding speed value of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-floating position in the pressurized area to the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-floating position.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the pressure fluctuation information exceeds the cumulative span and threshold, or the pressure control change information does not exceed the speed value ratio threshold, it is inferred that the pressure state monitoring of the pressurized operation area is abnormal; if the pressure fluctuation information does not exceed the cumulative span and threshold, and the pressure control change information exceeds the speed value ratio threshold, it is inferred that the pressure state monitoring of the pressurized operation area is normal.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation execution monitoring information includes the reciprocating numerical floating amount of the smoothness of oil and gas flow inside the pressurized area corresponding to the starting moment and the current system moment during the operation period, the degree of damage to the oil well at any position in the operation area at different operation moments during the operation period, and the overlapping duration between the pressurized operation execution period in the pressurized area and the period of decreasing permeability of the corresponding oil and gas layer in the pressurized area, and are respectively set with labels SZF, SSD, and CDS.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the formula is:

[0016] , where fvz1, fvz2, and fvz3 are respectively preset proportional coefficients.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the pressurized operation execution monitoring coefficient exceeds the monitoring coefficient threshold, it is inferred that the operation execution monitoring is abnormal; if the pressurized operation execution monitoring coefficient does not exceed the monitoring coefficient threshold, it is inferred that the operation execution monitoring is normal.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downhole position risk information is the distance deviation value between the maximum allowable lowering distance and the actual lowering distance of the tubing string in the gas well during the execution of the pressure - bearing operation in the pressure - bearing area, and the sum of the corresponding span values of the increasing span of the distance between the real - time passing position and the preset passing position of the tubing string in the gas well in the pressure - bearing area; the downhole duration risk information is the duration delay value corresponding to the current moment of the real - time passing position of the tubing string passing through the high - risk position in the downhole during the execution of the pressure - bearing operation and the moment when the passing position is monitored.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the downhole duration risk information exceeds the span sum value threshold, or the downhole duration risk information exceeds the duration delay value threshold, it is inferred that the operation risk monitoring of the current pressure - bearing area is abnormal; if the downhole duration risk information does not exceed the span sum value threshold and does not exceed the duration delay value threshold, it is inferred that the operation risk monitoring of the current pressure - bearing area is normal.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. In the present invention, the pressure - bearing state of the downhole pressure - bearing operation area is monitored to ensure whether the current downhole pressure - bearing operation area can carry out the pressure - bearing operation, ensure that the downhole safety during the execution of the pressure - bearing operation meets the actual requirements, avoid the imbalance of the gas well caused by the abnormal pressure - bearing state of the pressure - bearing operation, increase the safety hazards of downhole operations. At the same time, through the pressure - bearing state monitoring, accurate decision - making for the pressure - bearing operation can be carried out, ensuring the completion efficiency of the pressure - bearing operation while ensuring the safety performance of the pressure - bearing operation. When there is a difference in the pressure - bearing state, the operation is aborted in time to reduce the impact of pressure fluctuations.

[0022] The execution of the pressure - bearing operation in the pressure - bearing area is monitored. During the pressure - bearing operation, the execution of the operation in the pressure - bearing area of the gas well is monitored to infer whether the state change of the pressure - bearing area during the execution of the pressure - bearing operation is safe, and to evaluate the real - time state of the entire gas well area, avoiding the abnormal internal pressure balance state of the gas well during the execution of the pressure - bearing operation, resulting in potential safety hazards in the entire gas well area, facilitating the timely discovery of safety hazards and timely adjustment and deployment of the pressure - bearing operation.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, real-time risk monitoring of pressure-bearing operations is carried out on the pressure-bearing area. Through risk monitoring, it is inferred whether the current pressure-bearing operation affects the overall pressure state of the pressure-bearing area, avoiding changes in the state of the pressure-bearing area caused by the risks of pressure-bearing operations, so as to prevent unnecessary safety hazards and reduce the risk of pressure-bearing operations. Environmental safety early warning is carried out on the pressure-bearing area where pressure-bearing operations are performed. When the safety monitoring of pressure-bearing operations in the gas well is normal, through the environmental safety early warning of the pressure-bearing area, the safety of the area where pressure-bearing operations are performed is ensured in real time, avoiding inefficient execution of pressure-bearing operations caused by external environmental impacts, so as to prevent the reduction of the safety performance of the pressure-bearing area. At the same time, it is easy to misjudge the risk of the pressure-bearing area as being affected by pressure-bearing operations, increasing unknown factors in the adjustment of pressure-bearing operation methods and causing unnecessary waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic block diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] This embodiment conducts safety monitoring on the pressure-bearing operation of the gas well. Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a safety monitoring and management system for pressure-bearing operations of gas wells includes a safety monitoring and management platform, wherein the safety monitoring and management platform is communicatively connected to a pressure-bearing state monitoring unit, an operation execution monitoring unit, and an operation risk monitoring unit;

[0031] When downhole operations are required in a gas well, under the condition that there is pressure in the gas well, forced operations are carried out without blowout prevention or well killing. During the operation process, well killing is not required, which avoids the damage of well killing fluid to the reservoir, can maximize the protection of the productivity of the gas well, eliminates links such as well killing and fluid drainage, shortens the operation time, and improves the operation efficiency; at the same time, pressure-bearing operation can avoid safety accidents such as blowout caused by improper well killing.

[0032] When the pressure-bearing operation of the gas well is carried out, the gas well needs to be in a sealed state. After the system intervenes, after the safety monitoring and management platform receives the downhole operation instruction, it generates a pressure-bearing state monitoring signal and sends the pressure-bearing state monitoring signal to the pressure-bearing state monitoring unit.

[0033] After receiving the pressure-bearing state monitoring signal, the pressure-bearing state monitoring unit monitors the pressure-bearing state of the downhole pressure-bearing operation area to ensure whether the current downhole pressure-bearing operation area can carry out pressure-bearing operation, ensure that the downhole safety meets the actual requirements during the execution of pressure-bearing operation, avoid the imbalance of the gas well caused by the abnormal pressure-bearing state of pressure-bearing operation, increase the safety hazards of downhole operations, and at the same time, through the pressure-bearing state monitoring, accurate decision-making can be carried out for pressure-bearing operation, ensure the safety performance of pressure-bearing operation while ensuring the completion efficiency of pressure-bearing operation, and stop the operation in time when there are differences in pressure-bearing states to reduce the impact of pressure fluctuations.

[0034] Seal the downhole pressure-bearing area and mark it as the pressure-bearing area, and set pressure sensors at the wellhead position of the pressure-bearing area and any area position other than the wellhead position, and the positions of the set pressure sensors have a spacing and are not on the same horizontal line; preset the pressure fluctuation according to the position characteristics of the pressure sensor. Specifically, the high-depth position of the pressure sensor is marked as the relative pressure-high position relative to the low-depth position. At the same time, the low-depth position is marked as the relative pressure-low position relative to the high-depth position; it can be understood that in the prior art, the pressure values corresponding to different well depths are different, and at the same time, the pressure fluctuation is preset according to the different positions of the pressure sensor. Specifically, the pressure value influence parameters and the corresponding influence parameter adjustment and control efficiencies at different positions are different. If the number of types of pressure value influence parameters is large or the influence parameter adjustment and control efficiency is low, the corresponding position is marked as the high-floating position, otherwise, if the number of types of pressure value influence parameters is low and the influence parameter adjustment and control efficiency is high, the corresponding position is marked as the low-floating position.

[0035] When the pressured area is obtained as the area where downhole operations are to be performed, the cumulative span sum of the rising span of the pressure peak at the relatively higher pressure position and the rising span of the pressure fluctuation speed at the relatively lower pressure position within the pressured area is considered. Without considering the influence of inconsistent units, only the influence of numerical fluctuations is analyzed, that is, the span of the floating numerical values is collected to infer the pressure fluctuation changes at each position within the current pressured area. At the same time, when the pressured area is obtained as the area where downhole operations are to be performed, the ratio of the corresponding speed values of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-fluctuation position and the peak value of the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-fluctuation position within the pressured area is calculated. And when the pressured area is obtained as the area where downhole operations are to be performed, the cumulative span sum of the rising span of the pressure peak at the relatively higher pressure position and the rising span of the pressure fluctuation speed at the relatively lower pressure position within the pressured area, and the ratio of the corresponding speed values of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-fluctuation position and the peak value of the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-fluctuation position within the pressured area are respectively marked as pressure fluctuation information and pressure control change information, and are respectively compared with the cumulative span sum and the threshold and the speed ratio threshold:

[0036] If the cumulative span sum of the rising span of the pressure peak at the relatively higher pressure position and the rising span of the pressure fluctuation speed at the relatively lower pressure position within the pressured area exceeds the cumulative span sum and the threshold, or the ratio of the corresponding speed values of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-fluctuation position and the peak value of the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-fluctuation position within the pressured area does not exceed the speed ratio threshold, it is inferred that the pressure state monitoring of the pressured operation area is abnormal, a status risk signal is generated and sent to the safety monitoring management platform. After receiving the status risk signal, the safety monitoring management platform adjusts the current pressured area and does not perform pressured operations at the current moment;

[0037] If the cumulative span sum of the rising span of the pressure peak at the relatively higher pressure position and the rising span of the pressure fluctuation speed at the relatively lower pressure position within the pressured area does not exceed the cumulative span sum and the threshold, and the ratio of the corresponding speed values of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-fluctuation position and the peak value of the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-fluctuation position within the pressured area exceeds the speed ratio threshold, it is inferred that the pressure state monitoring of the pressured operation area is normal, a status safety signal is generated and sent to the safety monitoring management platform;

[0038] After the pressure - holding state monitoring is completed and the monitoring is qualified, the pressure - holding operation is carried out. At the same time, an operation execution monitoring signal is generated and sent to the operation execution monitoring unit. After receiving the operation execution monitoring signal, the operation execution monitoring unit monitors the execution of the pressure - holding operation in the pressure - holding area. During the pressure - holding operation, it monitors the execution of the operation in the pressure - holding area of the gas well, infers whether the state change of the pressure - holding area during the execution of the pressure - holding operation is safe, and evaluates the real - time state of the entire gas well area, so as to avoid abnormal pressure balance in the gas well during the execution of the pressure - holding operation, which may lead to potential safety hazards in the entire gas well area, and facilitate timely detection of potential safety hazards and timely adjustment and deployment of the pressure - holding operation.

[0039] Obtain the execution period of the pressure - holding operation in the pressure - holding area and mark it as the operation period. Mark the area where the pressure - holding operation is executed in the pressure - holding area as the operation area. Obtain the reciprocating numerical floating amount of the oil - gas flow smoothness in the pressure - holding area corresponding to the starting moment and the current system moment within the operation period. The oil - gas flow smoothness is expressed as the sum of the floating span mean of the current oil - gas transmission speed in the gas well during the transmission of different oil - gas transmission volumes and the floating span value of the instantaneous speed drop during the transmission process, and mark the reciprocating numerical floating amount of the oil - gas flow smoothness in the pressure - holding area corresponding to the starting moment and the current system moment within the operation period as SZF.

[0040] Obtain the damage degree of the oil well at any position in the operation area at different operation moments within the operation period. The damage degree of the oil well is expressed as the deviation value of the pressure at the corresponding position with the same wall thickness and the same task transmission volume at any position in the operation area. The larger the value, the greater the damage of the oil well and the greater the pressure impact. Mark the damage degree of the oil well at any position in the operation area at different operation moments within the operation period as SSD.

[0041] As the operation period continues in the operation area, obtain the overlapping duration between the execution period of the pressure - holding operation in the pressure - holding area and the period of the decline in the permeability of the oil - gas layer corresponding to the pressure - holding area, and mark the overlapping duration between the execution period of the pressure - holding operation in the pressure - holding area and the period of the decline in the permeability of the oil - gas layer corresponding to the pressure - holding area as CDS.

[0042] Unify the above - collected data and mark it as operation execution monitoring information, and substitute it into the formula to obtain the pressure - holding operation execution monitoring coefficient in the pressure - holding area. The formula is: , where fvz1, fvz2, and fvz3 are the preset proportional coefficients of the reciprocating numerical floating amount, the damage degree of the oil well, and the overlapping duration respectively, and ZX represents the pressure - holding operation execution monitoring coefficient.

[0043] Compare the pressure - holding operation execution monitoring coefficient in the pressure - holding area with the monitoring coefficient threshold:

[0044] If the monitoring coefficient of the pressure - bearing operation execution in the pressure - bearing area exceeds the monitoring coefficient threshold, it is inferred that the operation execution monitoring is abnormal during the pressure - bearing operation in the pressure - bearing area. A regional danger signal is generated and sent to the safety monitoring management platform. After receiving the regional danger signal, the safety monitoring management platform pauses the pressure - bearing operation, sets monitoring time periods for each position in the pressure - bearing area, conducts maintenance monitoring of the pressure - bearing area during the monitoring time periods, and continues the pressure - bearing operation execution after passing the inspection. Otherwise, it stops and screens the pressure - bearing operation time at the next operation cycle;

[0045] If the monitoring coefficient of the pressure - bearing operation execution in the pressure - bearing area does not exceed the monitoring coefficient threshold, it is inferred that the operation execution monitoring is normal during the pressure - bearing operation in the pressure - bearing area. A regional safety signal is generated and sent to the safety monitoring management platform;

[0046] After completing the operation execution monitoring in the pressure - bearing area, an operation risk monitoring signal is generated and sent to the operation risk monitoring unit. After receiving the operation risk monitoring signal, the operation risk monitoring unit conducts real - time pressure - bearing operation risk monitoring on the pressure - bearing area, and infers whether the current pressure - bearing operation execution affects the overall pressure state of the pressure - bearing area through risk monitoring, avoiding the state change of the pressure - bearing area caused by the pressure - bearing operation risk, so as to prevent unnecessary safety hazards and reduce the risk of the pressure - bearing operation;

[0047] Obtain the distance deviation value between the maximum allowable lowering distance and the actual lowering distance of the string in the gas well during the pressure - bearing operation execution in the pressure - bearing area. At the same time, obtain the increasing span of the distance deviation between the real - time passing position and the preset passing position of the string in the gas well in the pressure - bearing area, and calculate the sum value of the span by summing the distance deviation value and the increasing span of the distance deviation, and mark it as the downhole position risk information;

[0048] Obtain the corresponding time - delay value of the current moment of the real - time passing position of the string in the downhole high - risk position during the pressure - bearing operation execution and the moment when the passing position is monitored, where the high - risk position refers to the inclined well position, horizontal well position or narrow - space position, etc. in the pressure - bearing area; and mark the corresponding time - delay value of the current moment of the real - time passing position of the string in the downhole high - risk position during the pressure - bearing operation execution and the moment when the passing position is monitored as the downhole time - risk information;

[0049] And compare them with the span - sum value threshold and the time - delay value threshold respectively:

[0050] If the sum value of the distance deviation value and the distance deviation increase span exceeds the sum value threshold, or when the pressure - bearing operation is executed, the duration delay value corresponding to the current moment of the real - time passing position of the inner pipe string passing through a high - risk position underground and the moment when the passing position is monitored exceeds the duration delay value threshold, it is inferred that the operation risk monitoring of the current pressure - bearing area is abnormal. An operation risk increase signal is generated and sent to the safety monitoring and management platform. After receiving the operation risk increase signal, the safety monitoring and management platform adjusts the execution time of the pressure - bearing operation in the pressure - bearing area and adjusts the execution task volume, and stops the operation if necessary;

[0051] If the sum value of the distance deviation value and the distance deviation increase span does not exceed the sum value threshold, and when the pressure - bearing operation is executed, the duration delay value corresponding to the current moment of the real - time passing position of the inner pipe string passing through a high - risk position underground and the moment when the passing position is monitored does not exceed the duration delay value threshold, it is inferred that the operation risk monitoring of the current pressure - bearing area is normal. An operation risk stability signal is generated and sent to the safety monitoring and management platform. After receiving the operation risk stability signal, the safety monitoring and management platform continuously monitors the pressure - bearing area;

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] In the previous embodiment, safety monitoring was carried out on the pressure - bearing operation of the gas well. On the basis of the previous embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, an environmental safety warning unit is added. After the operation risk monitoring is completed and qualified, an environmental safety warning signal is generated and sent to the environmental safety warning unit. After receiving the environmental safety warning signal, the environmental safety warning unit gives an environmental safety warning to the pressure - bearing area where the pressure - bearing operation is executed. When the safety monitoring of the pressure - bearing operation in the gas well is normal, through the environmental safety warning of the pressure - bearing area, the safety of the area where the pressure - bearing operation is executed is guaranteed in real - time, avoiding the low - efficiency execution of the pressure - bearing operation caused by the influence of the external environment, so as to avoid the reduction of the safety performance of the pressure - bearing area. At the same time, it is easy to misjudge the risk of the pressure - bearing area as the influence of the pressure - bearing operation, increasing unknown factors in the adjustment of the pressure - bearing operation method and causing unnecessary waste;

[0054] Obtain the sum of the influence span value of the ambient temperature floating speed at the location of any component of the operation execution device during the ambient temperature floating stage when performing a pressure-bearing operation in the pressure-bearing area and the floating speed span value of the component operation parameters caused by the ambient temperature trend at the corresponding component location. Among them, the component operation parameter is the parameter of its own function according to the component type. For example, for an angle adjustment mechanism, the corresponding operation parameter is the angle adjustment value. And mark the sum of the influence span value of the ambient temperature floating speed at the location of any component of the operation execution device during the ambient temperature floating stage when performing a pressure-bearing operation in the pressure-bearing area and the floating speed span value of the component operation parameters caused by the ambient temperature trend at the corresponding component location as the ambient speed influence parameter;

[0055] Obtain the corresponding numerical ratio of the continuous rising span value of any environmental parameter in the pressure-bearing area during the stage of increasing the operation duration of the operation execution device when there is no parameter floating in the environment of the pressure-bearing area and the interval value between the corresponding environmental parameter and the set red line value. And mark the corresponding numerical ratio of the continuous rising span value of any environmental parameter in the pressure-bearing area during the stage of increasing the operation duration of the operation execution device when there is no parameter floating in the environment of the pressure-bearing area and the interval value between the corresponding environmental parameter and the set red line value as the environmental device influence parameter. Among them, the numerical ratio represents the ratio of the corresponding numerical values of the two collected data, and only the influence of the numerical floating of the two data themselves is collected and analyzed without considering the influence of inconsistent units;

[0056] Compare the ambient speed influence parameter and the environmental device influence parameter with the speed span sum value threshold and the span speed numerical ratio threshold respectively:

[0057] If the ambient speed influence parameter exceeds the speed span sum value threshold, or the environmental device influence parameter exceeds the span speed numerical ratio threshold, it is inferred that the environmental safety monitoring in the pressure-bearing area is abnormal, generate an environmental warning signal and send the environmental warning signal to the safety monitoring management platform. After receiving the environmental warning signal, the safety monitoring management platform detects the environmental parameters in the pressure-bearing area, monitors the floating trends of the environmental parameters and the device operation parameters in real time, and makes timely adjustments. The environmental parameters are expressed as parameters such as temperature and humidity;

[0058] If the ambient speed influence parameter does not exceed the speed span sum value threshold and the environmental device influence parameter does not exceed the span speed numerical ratio threshold, it is inferred that the environmental safety monitoring in the pressure-bearing area is normal, generate an environmental safety signal and send the environmental safety signal to the safety monitoring management platform;

[0059] The above formulas are all obtained by collecting a large amount of data for software simulation and selecting a formula close to the true value. The coefficients in the formula are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation;

[0060] When the present invention is in use, the pressure-bearing state monitoring unit seals the downhole pressure-bearing area and marks it as a pressure-bearing area, and sets pressure sensors at the wellhead position of the pressure-bearing area and any area position other than the wellhead position. Pressure fluctuation presets are made according to the position characteristics of the location where the pressure sensor is located to obtain different types of position marks, and pressure fluctuation information and pressure control change information are obtained. Whether the pressure-bearing state monitoring is normal is inferred based on information comparison. If it is abnormal, the pressure-bearing operation is not performed. If it is normal, the pressure-bearing operation is performed. And the operation execution monitoring unit monitors the execution of the pressure-bearing operation in the pressure-bearing area, collects operation execution monitoring information according to the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring, and obtains the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring coefficient through formula calculation. Whether the execution monitoring is normal is inferred based on coefficient comparison. If it is abnormal, operation execution regulation is performed. If it is normal, operation risk monitoring is performed; the operation risk monitoring unit collects downhole position risk information and downhole duration risk information, and infers whether the execution risk monitoring is normal based on information analysis. If it is abnormal, execution rectification is performed. If it is normal, it continues to be executed.

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present invention to only the specific implementation manners. Obviously, according to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the relevant technical field can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells, characterized in that, It includes a safety monitoring and management platform, which is communicatively connected to a pressure-bearing state monitoring unit, an operation execution monitoring unit, and an operation risk monitoring unit; the pressure-bearing state monitoring unit seals the underground pressure-bearing area and marks it as a pressure-bearing area, and sets pressure sensors at the wellhead position of the pressure-bearing area and any area position other than the wellhead position. Pressure fluctuation presets are made according to the position characteristics of the location where the pressure sensors are located to obtain different types of location marks, pressure fluctuation information and pressure control change information are obtained, and it is inferred whether the pressure-bearing state monitoring is normal based on information comparison. If it is abnormal, pressure-bearing operations are not performed; if it is normal, pressure-bearing operations are performed. And the operation execution monitoring unit monitors the execution of pressure-bearing operations in the pressure-bearing area, collects operation execution monitoring information based on the monitoring of the execution of pressure-bearing operations, and calculates the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring coefficient through a formula. It is inferred whether the execution monitoring is normal based on coefficient comparison. If it is abnormal, operation execution regulation is carried out; if it is normal, operation risk monitoring is carried out; The operation risk monitoring unit collects underground location risk information and underground duration risk information, and analyzes and infers whether the execution risk monitoring is normal based on the information. If it is abnormal, execution rectification is carried out; if it is normal, it continues to execute.

2. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells according to claim 1, wherein The process of location type marking is as follows: The high-depth position of the pressure sensor is marked as a relatively high-pressure position relative to the low-depth position. At the same time, the low-depth position is marked as a relatively low-pressure position relative to the high-depth position; if the number of types of parameters affected by the pressure value is large or the efficiency of parameter adjustment and control is low, the corresponding position is marked as a high-floating position. Conversely, if the number of types of parameters affected by the pressure value is low and the efficiency of parameter adjustment and control is high, the corresponding position is marked as a low-floating position.

3. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure fluctuation information and the pressure control change information are respectively the ratio of the peak corresponding speed value of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-floating position in the pressure-bearing area to the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-floating position, and the ratio of the peak corresponding speed value of the decreasing speed of the floating duration of the pressure value at the high-floating position in the pressure-bearing area to the accelerating speed of the floating frequency of the pressure value at the low-floating position.

4. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells according to claim 3, wherein, If the pressure fluctuation information exceeds the cumulative span and threshold, or the pressure control change information does not exceed the speed value ratio threshold, it is inferred that the pressure-bearing state monitoring in the pressure-bearing operation area is abnormal; If the pressure fluctuation information does not exceed the cumulative span and threshold, and the pressure control change information exceeds the speed value ratio threshold, it is inferred that the pressure-bearing state monitoring in the pressure-bearing operation area is normal.

5. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operation execution monitoring information includes the reciprocating numerical floating amount of the smoothness of oil and gas flow inside the pressure-bearing area corresponding to the starting moment and the current system moment during the operation period, the degree of damage to the oil well at any position in the corresponding operation area at different operation moments during the operation period, and the overlapping duration between the pressure-bearing operation execution period in the pressure-bearing area and the period of decreasing permeability of the corresponding oil and gas layer in the pressure-bearing area, and the labels SZF, SSD, and CDS are respectively set.

6. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure-bearing operation of gas wells according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring coefficient exceeds the monitoring coefficient threshold, it is inferred that the operation execution monitoring is abnormal; if the pressure-bearing operation execution monitoring coefficient does not exceed the monitoring coefficient threshold, it is inferred that the operation execution monitoring is normal.

7. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells according to claim 1, wherein, The downhole position risk information is the distance deviation value between the maximum allowable lowering distance and the actual lowering distance of the tubing string in the gas well during the execution of the pressurized operation in the pressurized area, and the sum of the corresponding spans of the distance deviation increase between the real-time passing position and the preset passing position of the tubing string in the gas well in the pressurized area; the downhole duration risk information is the duration delay value corresponding to the current moment of the real-time passing position of the tubing string passing through the high-risk position in the well during the execution of the pressurized operation and the moment when the passing position is monitored.

8. The safety monitoring and management system for pressure - maintained operation of gas wells according to claim 7, wherein, If the downhole duration risk information exceeds the span sum value threshold, or the downhole duration risk information exceeds the duration delay value threshold, it is inferred that the operation risk monitoring in the current pressurized area is abnormal; If the downhole duration risk information does not exceed the span sum value threshold and the downhole duration risk information does not exceed the duration delay value threshold, it is inferred that the operation risk monitoring in the current pressurized area is normal.

Images